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Full-Text Articles in Other Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

The Large And Small Of It: The Microbiome And Metagenomics, Austin Hopkins, Elaina Gollmar, Jessica Fernandez, Shawn Wolf, Austin Hilverding, Andrew M. Roecker Mar 2022

The Large And Small Of It: The Microbiome And Metagenomics, Austin Hopkins, Elaina Gollmar, Jessica Fernandez, Shawn Wolf, Austin Hilverding, Andrew M. Roecker

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Metagenomics, the analysis of the microbial genome, permits scientists to understand the influences of external sources including diet, metabolism and antibiotics on the human microbiome. Research has revealed the possibility of a core symbiosis between humans and bacteria. The main role of the human microbiome is to aid in digestion, but identified ancillary roles include immunologic homeostasis and infection prevention. Quantifying the composition and variability of the microbiome will help lead to future treatments or preventive strategies against unhealthy change. A variety of methods may be used to define the microbiome, and 16S amplicon sequencing is primarily utilized today. Probiotics …


Breast And Prostate Cancer Screening: Recommendations From The American Cancer Society Versus The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Eric Chung, Elizabeth Kramer, Katlyn Brown, Farabi Alam, Olivia Henton, Natalie Dipietro Mager Mar 2022

Breast And Prostate Cancer Screening: Recommendations From The American Cancer Society Versus The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, Eric Chung, Elizabeth Kramer, Katlyn Brown, Farabi Alam, Olivia Henton, Natalie Dipietro Mager

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Over the past decades, opportunities for pharmacists to be actively involved in screening, education and referral for patients have grown. As these opportunities have increased, so too has the importance of being knowledgeable about the corresponding recommendations and guidelines. At times, various expert organizations may publish contradicting guidelines for a particular disease state or preventive medicine recommendation. This article focuses on the general background and history of two such expert groups, the American Cancer Society and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, and compares the two entities’ recommendations for breast and prostate cancer as of April 2017. It is critical …


Development And Management Of Depression During And After Pregnancy, Alexa Bouts, Maria Patnella, Jourdan Ujlaki, Emily Wells, Hannah Lamb, Michelle Musser Mar 2022

Development And Management Of Depression During And After Pregnancy, Alexa Bouts, Maria Patnella, Jourdan Ujlaki, Emily Wells, Hannah Lamb, Michelle Musser

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Depression during pregnancy is common, whether it is a new onset of the disease or emerging symptoms of the already existent disease. Due to patient and prescriber concerns with antidepressant use during pregnancy, approximately three-quarters of those diagnosed with depression remain untreated. Furthermore, up to half of pregnant women with depression remain undiagnosed due to lack of recognition. As a result, both mother and fetus are at risk for negative health outcomes including substance abuse, functional impairment, increased risk of postnatal depression and poor pregnancy outcomes. Benefits must be balanced against the risks when considering pharmacologic treatment options to manage …


Cannabinoids For The Treatment Of Chronic Headaches, Kevin Krivanek, Lucy K. Wagala, Brian Heilbronner, Kimberly Loughlin, David Kinder Dec 2019

Cannabinoids For The Treatment Of Chronic Headaches, Kevin Krivanek, Lucy K. Wagala, Brian Heilbronner, Kimberly Loughlin, David Kinder

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Species of the Cannabis plant genus were among the earliest medicinal plants cultivated by man, with historical accounts of their medicinal uses dating back before the Common Era. Despite its current legal status, Cannabis has garnered nationwide attention as a therapeutic agent for various disease states, including chronic headaches, due to its medical indications as an antispastic, analgesic, antiemetic, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory agent. Since headaches have a high prevalence in the American population and greatly impair simple daily aspects of living, chronic headaches have become a particular point of interest in regard to the therapeutic potential of Cannabis. Clinical trials …


Marijuana And Its Cardiovascular Implications, Albert Bui, Daniel Powell, Victoria Cho, Kelsey Lindsley, Lindsey Peters Dec 2019

Marijuana And Its Cardiovascular Implications, Albert Bui, Daniel Powell, Victoria Cho, Kelsey Lindsley, Lindsey Peters

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

As marijuana becomes legalized for medical use, it is important for prescribers and pharmacists to be knowledgeable about the important aspects of marijuana such as mechanism of action, indications and abuse potential. Although marijuana's medicinal benefits are frequently reported, the risks, namely cardiovascular risks, associated with its utilization are often overlooked. Use of marijuana has been reported to increase the risk of myocardial infarction, tachycardia and hypotension, among others. Health care providers must determine if marijuana's benefits outweigh such risks when marijuana therapy is an option. It is also important for pharmacists to understand how to successfully counsel patients using …


Fentanyl: Abuse Potential And Prevention Strategies Tor Pharmacists, Margaret Rowland, Amanda Hoersten, Sarah Webb, H. Paige Stewart, Lindsey Hallman, Michael Milks Dec 2019

Fentanyl: Abuse Potential And Prevention Strategies Tor Pharmacists, Margaret Rowland, Amanda Hoersten, Sarah Webb, H. Paige Stewart, Lindsey Hallman, Michael Milks

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

The abuse of fentanyl is becoming more prevalent, with patients devising new methods of extraction in order to abuse it. Fentanyl patches were originally intended for the opioid tolerant patients still requiring pain relief, but illicit use and drug diversion of this medication continues to grow at an alarming rate. Several cases of abuse have been documented in which patients were chewing patches for oral absorption, distilling the drug into liquid form for injection, or rectally inserting the patches. To discourage and prevent abuse, a keenly aware pharmacist can provide patients with important counseling points on proper use, disposal and …


Management Of Breakthrough Pain In Cancer Patients: Traditional And Novel Approaches, Courtney Porter, Nathaniel Hedrick, Katherine Salay, Lacey Shumate, Caitlin Swann, Kelly Reilly Kroustos Dec 2019

Management Of Breakthrough Pain In Cancer Patients: Traditional And Novel Approaches, Courtney Porter, Nathaniel Hedrick, Katherine Salay, Lacey Shumate, Caitlin Swann, Kelly Reilly Kroustos

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Approximately 80 percent of career patients experience breakthrough pain (BTP) characterized by acute onset, short duration, and moderate-to-severe intensity. Treatment of BTP using current available medications is often insufficient, leading to the development of various novel approaches that focus on rapid onset of action and short duration of action. Most of these products are still in clinical trials, and future studies are needed to compare the novel approaches to currently available treatments. Non-medication related issues, which arise from a lack of communication and understanding between the patient, physician and pharmacist, are also barriers to adequate BTP management. By educating patients …


Prevention Of Cytomegalovirus Lntection In Pregnant Mothers And Neonates, Aisha Oliver, Taylor Gauthier, Breanne Rizzo, Alison Huet, Natalie Dipietro Dec 2019

Prevention Of Cytomegalovirus Lntection In Pregnant Mothers And Neonates, Aisha Oliver, Taylor Gauthier, Breanne Rizzo, Alison Huet, Natalie Dipietro

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common virus spread in utero from mother to fetus, leading to more long-term problems and childhood deaths than other conditions such as Down syndrome, fetal alcohol syndrome, pediatric HIV/AIDS, or neural tube defects. The majority of congenital CMV infections are primary infections in which the mother acquires the infection during pregnancy. Current treatment options for CMV infection are available, but there is limited data on safety and effectiveness in pregnant mothers and neonates. Prevention by screening for CMV is associated with a high cost, and vaccines are currently unavailable. Studies show that education and …


Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome And Hyperinsulinemia: Overview And Treatment, Amanda M. Meyer, Lauren D. Bajbus, Sarah E. Drake, Kristen M. Quertinmont, Ashley Overy, Anne Gentry Dec 2019

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome And Hyperinsulinemia: Overview And Treatment, Amanda M. Meyer, Lauren D. Bajbus, Sarah E. Drake, Kristen M. Quertinmont, Ashley Overy, Anne Gentry

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a prevalent issue in women's health that is associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and can lead to long-term health problems. The most highly recommended treatments are diet and lifestyle changes. If these changes alone are not enough, pharmacologic treatments may be employed which include metformin, spironolactone or thiazolidinediones, although more research is needed to fully realize their role. The role of the pharmacist in this disease state includes counseling patients on healthy lifestyle changes, consulting with the physician about prescribing the best medication for each patient, and monitoring therapy adherence in the patient.


Role Of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners In Obesity And Diabetes, Erica Schoenberger, Ellen Hazelet, Kaitlin Sanders, Lindsey Hallman, David Bright, Amy Stockert Dec 2019

Role Of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners In Obesity And Diabetes, Erica Schoenberger, Ellen Hazelet, Kaitlin Sanders, Lindsey Hallman, David Bright, Amy Stockert

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Artificial sweeteners have become a central component of the Western diet in order to facilitate weight loss and enhance glucose control. Despite their popularity, evidence supporting the benefits of artificial sweeteners remains contradictory; different trials have shown weight loss, weight gain or no change with artificial sweetener consumption. Multiple trials have correlated artificial sweetener usage, in the form of diet soda, with an increased risk of obesity, diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome. Hypotheses speculate that individuals who consume larger loads of artificial sweeteners may be more likely to make unhealthy lifestyle choices, putting them at an increased risk for the development …


The Haunting Of Medical Literature, Brieann Miller, Tana Peterman Dec 2019

The Haunting Of Medical Literature, Brieann Miller, Tana Peterman

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Ghostwriting, or using the names of academic researchers to validate studies commissioned by pharmaceutical companies, has become a growing concern within medical literature. Omission from authorship of the names of individuals making considerable contributions to a paper is one of the most significant aspects of ghostwriting. Policy prohibiting medical ghostwriting is lacking, and it is nearly impossible to prevent the practice without strict and thorough guidelines. More strict guidelines banning ghostwriting, denying government funds to organizations without such policies, and development of databases to track offending authors and organizations could decrease the impact of ghostwriting in medical literature.


The Hiv Vaccine: Learning From Failure And Building On Success, Lindsey Mcclish, Kimberly Gathers, Katie Salay, Lisa Vranekovic, Kristin Seaman, Kelly M. Shields Dec 2019

The Hiv Vaccine: Learning From Failure And Building On Success, Lindsey Mcclish, Kimberly Gathers, Katie Salay, Lisa Vranekovic, Kristin Seaman, Kelly M. Shields

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

An effective vaccine for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has eluded researchers since the identification of the HIV virus. There are many challenges in developing an effective HIV vaccine, including the lack of knowledge regarding the immune response to the virus and its diverse nature. Ethical concerns further complicate research. A recent phase III trial was performed in Thailand and showed that a significant reduction in HIV infection is possible. Pharmacists need to stay informed of these important breakthroughs in AIDS research in order to provide quality health information to patients in their community. This paper aims to evaluate the …


Implications And Concerns Regarding The Mammogram Debate, Kristen Quertinmont, Breanne Rizzo, Caitlin Swan, Mary E. Klein, Lindsay Coram, Whitney N. Detillion, Anne F. Gentry, Natalie Dipietro, Brenda Rizzo Dec 2019

Implications And Concerns Regarding The Mammogram Debate, Kristen Quertinmont, Breanne Rizzo, Caitlin Swan, Mary E. Klein, Lindsay Coram, Whitney N. Detillion, Anne F. Gentry, Natalie Dipietro, Brenda Rizzo

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Screening procedures that detect breast cancer in its early stages are an important element of preventative health care for all women. When official guidelines and recommendations for screening are modified, their changes impact health care at both the population and individual patient levels. Recently, the United States Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) has developed new recommendations regarding when to start mammogram screening for breast cancer in women of average risk for the development of breast cancer. This article discusses the rationale behind the updated USPSTF recommendations and also presents the current American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines.


Prescription Drug Abuse: A Guide For Pharmacists, Brieann J. Miller, Amanda C. Mcdavid, Nicholas J. Edmonds, Joshua P. Stevens, Cynthia C. Nguyen, Ryan W. Naseman, Michael M. Milks Dec 2019

Prescription Drug Abuse: A Guide For Pharmacists, Brieann J. Miller, Amanda C. Mcdavid, Nicholas J. Edmonds, Joshua P. Stevens, Cynthia C. Nguyen, Ryan W. Naseman, Michael M. Milks

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Millions of Americans use prescription psychotherapeutc drugs for nonmedical purposes. The most commonly abused prescription drugs are painkillers, followed by sedatives and stimulants. The first step towards ending prescription drug abuse must be taken by the pharmacist. Professional and student organizations, as well the as the newly founded Ohio Rx Abuse Prevention (OhioRAP) Coalition, provide resources to pharmacists and pharmacy students who want to reduce prescription drug abuse. This article discusses these various resources and provides a guide for pharmacists to take an active role in reducing prescription drug abuse and positively impact patient outcomes and their communities.


Role Of The Pharmacist In Improving Treatment For Children With Concurrent Gastrointestinal And Autism Spectrum Disorders, Whitney R. Henry, Kaitlin A. Sanders, Jenna L. Schaffner, Leslie M. Hart, Whitney N. Detillion, Anne F. Gentry Dec 2019

Role Of The Pharmacist In Improving Treatment For Children With Concurrent Gastrointestinal And Autism Spectrum Disorders, Whitney R. Henry, Kaitlin A. Sanders, Jenna L. Schaffner, Leslie M. Hart, Whitney N. Detillion, Anne F. Gentry

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Over the last several years, a noteworthy association between gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been documented, although no large population-based studies exist. GI disorders in ASD children may stem from the underlying behavioral, communication, sensory or neurological issues intrinsic to the autistic disorder itself; therefore, the incorporation of alternative therapies, including behavioral modification, may be compelling treatment additions to the GI care traditionally recommended in children. To improve GI symptoms and quality of life in ASD children, a multidisciplinary approach is optimal, with pharmacists playing an active role in determining appropriate pharmacotherapy. Although there is a …


Introduction & Medical Communications And Writing, Maggie Allen, Kate Klyczek, Anne F. Gentry Dec 2019

Introduction & Medical Communications And Writing, Maggie Allen, Kate Klyczek, Anne F. Gentry

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Good Publication Practice Guidelines: Integrity, Completeness, Transparency, Accountability And Responsibility, Anne F. Gentry Oct 2019

Good Publication Practice Guidelines: Integrity, Completeness, Transparency, Accountability And Responsibility, Anne F. Gentry

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Healthcare Delivery And Pharmacy Workforce: Pharmacy (Wo)Manpower - 2016 And Beyond..., Crystal Zheng, Mariah Steele, Noori Lee, Sabrina Hamman, Stanley Kent Oct 2019

Healthcare Delivery And Pharmacy Workforce: Pharmacy (Wo)Manpower - 2016 And Beyond..., Crystal Zheng, Mariah Steele, Noori Lee, Sabrina Hamman, Stanley Kent

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Population Health Management, Data And Technology, Helena Ladd, Cody Hepp, Anna Mccloud, Hannah Granger, Mary Ellen Hethcox, Samuel Calabrese Oct 2019

Population Health Management, Data And Technology, Helena Ladd, Cody Hepp, Anna Mccloud, Hannah Granger, Mary Ellen Hethcox, Samuel Calabrese

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Professional Priorities To Optimize Patient Outcomes, Megan Bishop, Joelle Hall, Mikayla Shea, Katherine Liu, Steven J. Martin, John Armistead Oct 2019

Professional Priorities To Optimize Patient Outcomes, Megan Bishop, Joelle Hall, Mikayla Shea, Katherine Liu, Steven J. Martin, John Armistead

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


The Road To Provider Status: Legislative Obstacles And Precursors, Todd A. Tucker Jr., Sarah Turley, Kaila Bollinger, Lara Long, Jenelle Sobotka, Amy Fanous Oct 2019

The Road To Provider Status: Legislative Obstacles And Precursors, Todd A. Tucker Jr., Sarah Turley, Kaila Bollinger, Lara Long, Jenelle Sobotka, Amy Fanous

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Adderall®: Understanding And Preventing Its Abuse Amongst College-Aged Students, Adam Trimble, Cody Hay, Lindsay Mark, Heather Helsel, Tom Kier Oct 2019

Adderall®: Understanding And Preventing Its Abuse Amongst College-Aged Students, Adam Trimble, Cody Hay, Lindsay Mark, Heather Helsel, Tom Kier

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Different Types Of Board Certified Pharmacists, Taylor Alane Beale, Megan Ruffner, Joanne Kien Tran, Lindsay A. Fleegle, Jennifer J. Kline, Pat Parteleno Oct 2019

Different Types Of Board Certified Pharmacists, Taylor Alane Beale, Megan Ruffner, Joanne Kien Tran, Lindsay A. Fleegle, Jennifer J. Kline, Pat Parteleno

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


How To Set Up An Outreach Event: A Guide For Pharmacists, Kimberly Baucher, Andrew Skouby, Tanya Wilsmann, Eric Stack, Kristen Finley Sobota Oct 2019

How To Set Up An Outreach Event: A Guide For Pharmacists, Kimberly Baucher, Andrew Skouby, Tanya Wilsmann, Eric Stack, Kristen Finley Sobota

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Prescription Drug Abuse: What Are We Doing About It?, Heather Helsel, Thomas Otroba, Juliana Zschoche, Brandon Haas Oct 2019

Prescription Drug Abuse: What Are We Doing About It?, Heather Helsel, Thomas Otroba, Juliana Zschoche, Brandon Haas

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Genetic Predispositions To Opioid Addiction, Legislative Action And Implications To Pharmacy Practice, Adam N. Trimble, David N. Jones, Courtney L. Salvino, Michael M. Milks, David Kisor Oct 2019

Genetic Predispositions To Opioid Addiction, Legislative Action And Implications To Pharmacy Practice, Adam N. Trimble, David N. Jones, Courtney L. Salvino, Michael M. Milks, David Kisor

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Prescription pain-relievers can be powerfully effective agents in the treatment of moderate to severe pain; however, these drugs are also strongly associated with drug abuse and addiction. In the brain, opioid analgesics bind to various receptors in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic pathways, which play a multifaceted interaction of role in reward. Several specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified as potential genetic factors that increase an individual's risk for addiction; however, confounding studies and lack of large trials prohibit definitive conclusions from being drawn. As a result of genetic testing, federal and state laws have been enacted to protect individuals …


The Role Of The Pharmacist In Patient-Centered Medical Homes, Eric Stack, Kevin Stack, Stelios Theophanous, Karen L. Kier Oct 2019

The Role Of The Pharmacist In Patient-Centered Medical Homes, Eric Stack, Kevin Stack, Stelios Theophanous, Karen L. Kier

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


Assessment Of Pharmacist Attitudes Regarding Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience Hours, Donald Bond, Lindsay Fleegle, Olivia Hiddleson, Alexis Klefeker, Amanda Lovell, Kyle Rush, Christina Spinaris, Jamie Amero, Maryanne Ventura, Donald L. Sullivan Oct 2019

Assessment Of Pharmacist Attitudes Regarding Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience Hours, Donald Bond, Lindsay Fleegle, Olivia Hiddleson, Alexis Klefeker, Amanda Lovell, Kyle Rush, Christina Spinaris, Jamie Amero, Maryanne Ventura, Donald L. Sullivan

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE) hours are a means of integrating experiential education as a key role early on in pharmacy education. The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) has offered little guidance on mandatory and specific objectives to accomplish during IPPE hours, thus it is possible that preceptors do not feel adequately prepared, nor do they have a full understanding of what is required of them when they agree to precept an IPPE student. Given the lack of previous research conducted, the objective of this study was to obtain an understanding of the general attitude that preceptors have toward …


New Federal Ban On Bath Salts: Attempts To Contain A Growing Epidemic, Courtney L. Salvino, Adam N. Trimble, David N. Jones, Margaret Rowland, Michael M. Milks Oct 2019

New Federal Ban On Bath Salts: Attempts To Contain A Growing Epidemic, Courtney L. Salvino, Adam N. Trimble, David N. Jones, Margaret Rowland, Michael M. Milks

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.


A Pharmacist's Guide To Vaccinations, Amy Gillman, Jessica Beck, Vincent Wu Oct 2019

A Pharmacist's Guide To Vaccinations, Amy Gillman, Jessica Beck, Vincent Wu

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

No abstract provided.