Natural Products Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Commons^™

Antimicrobial Activity Of Crude Fractions Of Gossypium Barbadense Leaves And Isolation Of Stigmasterol, Maryam Saddiq, Ahmed Salisu, Kamaluddeen Kabir, Yusuf Hassan

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Plants have been used in traditional medicine in different parts of the world to treat several diseases. Many studies have confirmed their medicinal values, which have led to the isolation and characterization of various potential drug candidates. This study focuses on the antimicrobial activity of crude fractions of Gossypium barbadense leaves and the isolation of active compound. The pulverized plant leave was soaked in ethanol (98% v/v), and a solvent-based fractionation was carried out using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The obtained crude fractions were screened for antimicrobial activity against four (4) clinical isolates: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas …

Piperine Encourages Apoptosis In Human Cervical Adenocarcinoma Cells Through Ros Generation, Dna Fragmentation, Caspase-3 Activation And Cell Cycle Arrest, Asif Jafri, Juhi Rais, Sudhir Kumar, Md Arshad

Research Symposium

Background: Cancer is one of the most common destructive diseases and the second leading cause of death in humans. Among cancer, cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among women globally. Thus, there is a continuous need to search for chemotherapeutic chemicals or naturally occurring drugs to resolve this global health problem. Piperine (1-piperoylpeperdine) is present in the fruits of black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.) and long pepper (Piper longum Linn.). It possesses several pharmacological properties and in the present study we have evaluated its anti-cancer potential on human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cells.

Methods: The anti-proliferative effect …

Identification Of Tectorigenin As A Natural Pro-Hypoxia Compound: Implications In Modulation Of Cellular Differentiation And Senescence, Mallika Khurana, Renu Wadhwa, Sunil Kaul

Research Symposium

Background: Hypoxia, a suboptimal level of oxygen, evokes stress response in cells and activated hypoxia signaling has been largely established as a pro-metastasis and pro-angiogenic factor for tumor cells. On the other hand, age-related neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by hypoxic environment, accumulation of molecular garbage and induction of premature senescence. Several recent studies have reported anti-stress impact of the intermittent induction of hypoxia signaling in these cells.

Methods: Screening of a phytochemical library using Hypoxia Responsive Element (HRE) driven luciferase as a reporter was carried out to identify hypoxia-modulating phytochemicals. Activation of HIF-1a (master regulator of hypoxia signaling) was validated …

Novel Natural Compounds Derived From Tcm In The Treatment Of Food Induced Anaphylaxis, Ibrahim Musa

NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations

Food allergy is a highly prevalent disease affecting about 30 million people in the U.S. It is managed primarily by food avoidance due to lack of promising treatment options. ASHMI (anti-asthma herbal intervention) which consists of three components, Sophorae flavescentis, Ganoderma lucidum, Glycyrrhiza uralensis has been shown to inhibit allergic lung inflammation in antigen sensitized and challenged mice. In this study we isolate and identify the active compound in Sophorae flavescentis, characterized the mechanism of IgE inhibitory effect, biomarkers and potential to prevent food anaphylaxis.

To separate and identify the compounds we used column chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, mass …

Case Report And Review: Hawthorne Root Toxicity, James Espinosa, Darren Finn, Alan Lucerna

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Here we present the case of a patient who purchased a hawthorn root product, Raiz de Tejocote, for weight loss purposes. The side effect profile seen, including a positive digoxin level, are consistent with hawthorn root. This case reinforces the importance of asking a patient about all medications, including over the internet medications.

Development Of A Method For Identifying And Quantifying Epicatechin In Cinnamon Extract Supplement Capsules, Danielle Valls

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Comparative Study Of High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography And Antioxidant Potential Of Hydrocotyle Asiatica Mother Tincture Used In Homoeopathy, Rakhi Mishra, Binit Kumar Dwivedi, Deepshikha Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Hydrocotyle asiatica has a therapeutic significance in the Indian system of medicine due to its rich antioxidant activity. In Homoeopathy, Hydrocotyle asiatica is used for the treatment of jaundice, skin diseases, dropsy, elephantiasis, leprosy, gonorrhea, leucorrhea, and nervous debility. It contains the abundant triterpene glycoside Asiatic acid which shows cytotoxic activity on cancer cells. Its homoeopathic mother tincture is a major source of antioxidant compounds, which is responsible for its overall pharmacological activity.

Objectives: This study was done to evaluate antioxidant activity and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography study of Hydrocotyle asiatica in-house homoeopathic mother tincture and market samples. …

Increasing Rosella Farmers Capacity By Double Diamond Design Thinking Approach, Florence Pribadi, Muliasari Kartikawati, Juli Karijati Njoto, Nurul Illahi Kusuma Sari, Farah Shania Nur

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn) is a well-known family medicinal plant (Toga). Spoilage due to the weather, and the consequent low revenue gained from selling dried rosella are two of the main challenges currently being encountered by rosella farmers. Regardless of previously practicing community engagement including regular training from local authorities, farmers are still encountering difficulties to implement the training materials, consequently experiencing loss. Method incorporated in this community engagement is the double diamond design thinking that ensures putting the farmers first in all stages. Method chosen for drying rosella was a mixed solar dryer equipped with heating lamps …

Phytochemicals, Acute Toxicity And Genotoxicity Of Chewing Sticks From Zanthoxylum Zanthoxyloides Root And Distemonanthus Benthamianus Stem, Chinwe S. Alaribe, Akolade R. Oladipupo, Anjola T. Adebesin, Omolayomi Kaska, Emuejevoke T. Toye

Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University

Dental caries has been reported to touch almost half of the world’s population, making it one of the most prevalent disease conditions in the world. Studies have shown that chewing sticks could be useful in cleaning of teeth and could offer protection against dental conditions, including caries. Given the increasing usage of chewing sticks and their unstandardized nature, in this study we investigated the acute toxicity, genotoxic effects on liver and kidney, and phytochemical constituents of chewing sticks from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides root and Distemonanthus benthamianus stem, widely used in West Africa. Chemical tests showed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, …

Jatropha Tanjorensis A Flora Of Southeast Nigeria: Isolation And Characterization Of Naringenin And Validation Of Bio-Enhanced Synergistical Activity Of Α- Tocopherol Toward Clinical Isolates Of Resistant Bacterial, Ikechukwu Kingsley Ijoma, Vincent Ishmael Egbulefu Ajiwe

Makara Journal of Science

Jatropha tanjorensis is among the rich floras of Southeast Nigeria and used by ethnic people to treat infections and manage health conditions. Ethnomedicine has long been employed in the treatment of ailments caused by bacterial pathogens. Studies showed that the incorporation of synthetic α-tocopherol to an antibacterial agent improves its activity. However, knowledge about the antibacterial-enhanced activity of plant-based α-tocopherols, especially those isolated from Jatropha tanjorensis, is limited because of the different bioactivities of synthetic and natural α-tocopherols. To determine the phytochemicals in J. tanjorensis, we carried out the structural elucidation of its leaf extracts. Naringenin and α-tocopherol …

Cytotoxic Activity Of Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein (Nsltp1) And Proteomic Evaluation Of Heparin-Binding Proteins From Ajwain (Trachyspermum Ammi) Seeds, Saud Alshammari

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Trachyspermum ammi, commonly known as ajwain, is a member of the Apiaceae family. It is a therapeutic herbal spice with diverse pharmacological properties, used in traditional medicine for various ailments. However, all previous studies were conducted using small molecule extracts, leaving the protein’s bioactivity undiscovered. The present study demonstrated the antiproliferative activity of ajwain nsLTP1 in MCF-7, AsPC-1, and MCF10A cell lines and its structural stability in human serum and high-temperature conditions. The antiproliferative activity of ajwain nsLTP1 was evaluated in MCF-7 and AsPC-1 cell lines using an MTT assay. Annexin V-FITC and PI staining were used to detect the …

Integration Of Medicinal Fungi Into The Heber W. Youngken Jr. Medicinal Garden, Anthony Makashov

Senior Honors Projects

The Heber W. Youngken Jr. Medicinal Garden is a one-of-a-kind resource that houses close to 300 medicinal plants and is filled to the brim with educational opportunities. For the College of Pharmacy, this garden has been the centerpiece of many classes taught here at the University of Rhode Island and has roots as a physical teaching space. While the garden contains a plethora of plant species, medicinal fungi have yet to have been included in the garden, despite their relevance as both sources of pharmaceutical drug discovery and as natural products with inherent physiological benefits themselves. The purpose of my …

Mitragyna Speciosa As A Potential Substitute Therapy In Opioid Dependence: A Case Report, Karniza Khalid, Jason S.K. Wong, Ruzita Jamaluddin

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Preclinical data have consistently suggested the pharmaceutical potential of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), including as a substitute therapy in opioid dependence. In this case report, we present a case of a man with a long history of kratom use to help him cope with his opiate withdrawals while abstaining from illicit drug use. This is the first published detailed case report highlighting the potential use of kratom to aid opioid dependence encountered in the clinical setting. Our article is also supported by literature review with regards to kratom’s safety profile and pharmacological potential.

A Quantitative Analysis Of The Efficacy Of Various Essential Oils Against The Sars Cov-2 Virus, Elizabeth Wagstaff, Chandrelyn Kraczek, Jack Brandon Lopez

Annual Research Symposium

A poster presentation and abstract for the Roseman Symposium. The project focuses on testing 3 essential oil blends and two disinfectants containing an essential oil blend against SARS CoV-2 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The project procedure involves plaque assays, disinfection, and neutralization techniques.

Healing Through Mother Earth, Taylor A. Russell

Dance (MFA) Theses

This thesis deals with mental health, with a focus on Black women. Historically, Black women are often so compromised, being constant caregivers and helping everyone else, that they forget to help themselves, not having the time and financial means to do so. If we go back in the time of slavery, many Black women were taking care of slave owners' children and suckling the white women’s babies instead of their own. By the time they got home and after diligently caring for other people’s children they were focused on their own children, who they had been away from for hours …

The Benefits Of Astaxanthin To Improve Pain Relief In Patients With Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: An Open-Label, Randomized Controlled Trial, Rizaldy Taslim Pinzon, Mary Rose Angelina Budi Harsana

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Treatment of diabetic neuropathy is still carried out by providing symptomatic therapy, which only improves ± 50% of the total symptoms felt by patients, but does not tackle the underlying causes of the disease. Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic carotenoid that could be an additional treatment option. We aimed to measure the effectiveness of administering astaxanthin as an additional therapy to improve the impact of pain and discomfort experienced daily by diabetes mellitus patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. We conducted a randomized experimental study with an open label design of 36 patients who had been diagnosed with …

Comparative Analytical Study Of Phytochemicals In Selected Antidiabetic Medicinal Plant Seeds In Sri Lanka, Gowri Rajkumar, Mihiri Rangika Jayasinghe, Vinotha Sanmugarajah

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Medicinal plants are universally used in the management of various diseases in different medical practices. A varied diversity of compounds extracted from plants may show anticancer, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activities. Comparative laboratory studies and scientific approach of efficacy related to phytochemicals found in medicinal plants in Sri Lanka have not been reported yet. This study aims to evaluate the phytochemicals in selected four different plant seeds such as Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Brassica alba (L.) Rabenh, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and Nigella sativa L., which are used in the management of diabetes mellitus in Sri Lanka. The ethanol extracts of …

An Investigation Into The Use Of An Herbal Labor Induction Tincture Containing Black Cohosh, Cramp Bark, Partridgeberry, And Motherwort On Contractile Responses Produced From Isolated Strips Of Mouse Uterine Tissues, Clayton Neuenschwander, Katrina Wu, Teresa F. Degolier

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Introduction: Alternative solutions in the form of herbal remedies meant to ease or expedite the process of labor have often been pursued and administered but have seldom been quantitatively tested for efficacy. Published research has shown some validation for some commonly used herbs such as blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), red raspberry (Rubus idaeus), castor bean (Ricinus communis) and evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) on isolated mouse uterine strips. Methods: This study tested an array of herbs used by midwives in a labor induction tincture, which included black cohosh (Actaea racemosa), cramp bark (Viburnum opulus), partridgeberry (Mitchella repens), and motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca). …

Complexation Of Glycoalkaloid Α- Tomatine With Sterols And Its Potential Application As An Anti-Cancer Drug, Bishal Nepal

Dissertations

Glycoalkaloids (GAs) are secondary metabolites found mostly in higher plant species and some marine invertebrates. They are known to form complexes with 3β-hydroxy sterols such as cholesterol causing membrane disruption. So far the visual evidence showcasing the complexes formed between glycoalkaloids and sterols has been mainly restricted to some earlier studies using Brewster angle microscopy. This study aimed to develop a method for topographic and morphological analysis of sterol-glycoalkaloid complexes. Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) transfer of monolayers comprising of glycoalkaloid tomatine, sterols, and lipids in varying molar ratios onto mica followed by AFM examination was performed. The AFM method used required minimal …

Psychedelics Can Save: The Scientific And Social Case For Rescheduling Psychedelic Compounds, Galen M. Fader

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

B6: In- Vitro Anticancer Effects Of Cinnamomum Verum J. Presl, Cinnamaldeyde, 4 Hydroxyvcinnamic Acid And Eugenol On An Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line, Saranya Varadarajan, Thodur Madapusi Balaji, Malathi Narasimhan, Durai Pandian Chamundeeswari, Dhanapal Sakthisekaran

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Anti‑Estrogenic And Anti‑Aromatase Activities Of Citrus Peels Major Compounds In Breast Cancer, Maha Salama, Dina Mahmoud Elkersh, Shahira M. Ezzat, Yasmeen Attiaa, Engy A. Mahrous, Mohey Elmazar

Pharmacy

Estrogen signaling is crucial for breast cancer initiation and progression. Endocrine-based therapies comprising estrogen receptor (ER) modulators and aromatase inhibitors remain the mainstay of treatment. This study aimed at investigating the antitumor potential of the most potent compounds in citrus peels on breast cancer by exploring their anti-estrogenic and anti-aromatase activities. The ethanolic extract of different varieties of citrus peels along with eight isolated flavonoids were screened against estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell lines besides normal cells for evaluating their safety profile. Naringenin, naringin and quercetin demonstrated the lowest IC50s and were therefore selected for further assays. In silico molecular modeling …

The Bioactivities Of Resveratrol And Its Naturally Occurring Derivatives On Skin, Ming-Hsien Lin, Chi-Feng Hung, Hsin-Ching Sung, Shih-Chun Yang, Huang-Ping Yu, Jia-You Fang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Resveratrol has been extensively reported as a potential compound to treat some skin disorders, including skin cancer, photoaging, allergy, dermatitis, melanogenesis, and microbial infection. There has been an increasing interest in the discovery of cosmetic application using resveratrol as the active ingredient because of its anti-aging and skin lightening activities. The naturally occurring derivatives of resveratrol also exert a beneficial effect on the skin. There are four groups of resveratrol derivatives, including hydroxylated compounds, methoxylated compounds, glycosides, and oligomers. The major mechanism of resveratrol and its derivatives for attenuating cutaneous neoplasia, photoaging and inflammation, are related with its antioxidative activity …

Structural Characterization And In Vitro Antiproliferative Activity Of Non-Specific Lipid Transfer Protein 1 (Nsltp1) From Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare) Seeds, Mekdes Megeressa

Pharmaceutical Sciences (PhD) Dissertations

Non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) are cationic proteins involved in intracellular lipid shuttling, in growth and reproduction, as well as in defense against pathogenic microbes. Even though the primary and spatial structures of some nsLTPs from different plants indicate their similar features, they exhibit distinct lipid-binding specificities signifying their various biological roles that dictate further structural study. The present study determined the complete amino acid sequence, in silico 3D structure modeling, and in vitro antiproliferative activity of nsLTP1 from fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seeds.

Fennel is a member of the family Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) native to southern Europe and the …

The Incorporation Of Indigenous Tradition In Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy: A Pathway To Cultural Inclusivity Within Mental Health, Angelo Adonnis Winings

Senior Projects Spring 2021

The use of psychedelic medicine has been a part of society and the evolution of humanity since the beginning of our existence. Throughout the years, these practices were integrated into cultures around the world throughout the years, as societal structures promoted traditional practices reflective of ritual and custom. One such practice that survived the test of time is the use of psychoactive substances to promote mental states that put the user in touch with spiritual ancestors as well as with the subtleties of the world around them. These practices included tribal usage in indigenous cultures from Africa, the Americas, parts …

Inhibitory And Anti-Biofilm Effects Of Orthoshipon Aristatus Against Candida Albicans, Ratika Rahmasari, Ananda Hanny Chairunissa, Marina Ika Irianti, Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania, Ayun Erwina Arifianti, Herman Suryadi, Juliann Nzembi Makau, Ibrahim Jantan, Berna Elya

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

There are increasing number of reports on Candida albicans developing resistance to available anti-fungal drugs. Thus, there is an urgent need to discover new agents for treatment of candidiasis. The alcoholic extracts of Orthoshipon aristatus have been shown to exhibit antifungal activity against C. albicans by using the agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. However, the underlying mechanisms of anti-C. albicans effect of O. aristatus have not been well understood. This study was aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-biofilm effects of the n-hexane and ethanol extracts of purple and white varieties of O. aristatus leaves …

The Treatment And Management Of Chronic Pain Using Cbd, Emily Davis

Honors College Theses

Chronic pain is a common debilitating condition in the United States. The treatment of chronic pain is complex and can sometimes lead to addiction of opioid medications. However, there is another, more natural option in the treatment of chronic pain—the use of CBD, cannabidiol which is a phytocannabinoid from hemp and marijuana, for the treatment and management of chronic pain. While CBD is labeled a schedule I drug by the Food and Drug Administration in the United States, there is evidence that CBD can make an impact on the severity of pain, the amount of opioids in use, and the …

Antagonistic Drug-Herb Interactions Between Clinacanthus Nutans And Cyclophosphamide On Wrl 68 Cell Line, Nurliana Abd Mutalib, Normala Abd Latip

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Clinacanthus nutans (Acanthaceae), locally known as Sabah snake grass, is popularly taken as prevention as well as treatment for cancer in Malaysia, despite lack of concrete clinical evidence. However, it is crucial to evaluate potential antagonistic, additive, or synergistic interactions that may result from the co-treatment of this plant in chemotherapy. In this study, we demonstrate the drug-herb interaction using combination treatment of C. nutans extracts and cyclophosphamide on the WRL 68 cell line. Materials and Methods: Aqueous and 70% ethanol extract of C. nutans leaves were prepared using decoction and maceration methods. MTT assay was used to test …

Weaving Charlotte's Web: An In-Depth Guide To Cannabidiol, Lauren Pitts

Honors Theses

Cannabidiol, also known as CBD, first gathered national spotlight after Charlotte Figi and her mother Paige were able to find two physicians willing to prescribe CBD to treat Charlotte’s seizures. Charlotte suffered from Dravet Syndrome, but was able to find relief from CBD, which decreased the number and severity of her seizures. This sparked national interest and was the catalyst that lead to research and changes surrounding CBD uses and legality. Cannabidiol is a single cannabinoid that is found within the Cannabis sativa plant family—the same family that includes marijuana. This cannabinoid differs from tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and does not provide …

Lavender Aromatherapy: Ready For Prime-Time Office Use?, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

The editor-in-chief of Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews comments on the perioperative use of lavender aromatherapy and its potential to relieve pain and anxiety during minor primary care office procedures.