Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Improving Diabetes Self-Management Developing A Patient Decision Aid To Improve Patient Education, Morgan Baker

Honors Theses

Type 2 diabetes is a complex disease that affects a large population of people. It is imperative that efforts are made to develop more effective and inclusive treatment strategies for patients with this condition. A promising approach being studied is the utilization of community pharmacists to individualize and implement diabetes self-management training and education. The objective of this study is to develop a preliminary version of a patient decision aid (PDA) designed to evaluate patient knowledge and behavior towards diabetes self-management for use in the community pharmacy setting. The study design used to achieve this objective was a cross-sectional survey …

Evaluation Of Attendance, Patient Satisfaction, Knowledge, And Clinical Outcomes Following Participation In A Group Diabetes Self-Management Education And Support Program In A Primary Care Clinic Setting, Jordan Rauh

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Introduction: Although group Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) programs have been attempted throughout Community Health Network, no evaluation of the programs had been conducted.

Objectives: The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate attendance, patient satisfaction and change in disease state knowledge following participation in six sessions of a group DSMES program led by a multidisciplinary team. The secondary objective was to evaluate clinical outcomes.

Methods: This retrospective, observational study focused on process improvement evaluating a standardized approach to a group DSMES program beginning in August 2017 within Community Health Network. Eleven courses ran six sessions lasting approximately …

Targeting The Rage Signaling Pathway To Ameliorate The Complications Of Diabetes, Stephen James Dansereau

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Diabetes is a global health epidemic that can be devastating to those afflicted,

Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation Of Aryl Piperazines With Potential As Antidiabetic Agents Via The Stimulation Of Glucose Uptake And Inhibition Of Nadh:Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase, R. Devine, M. Kelada, S. Leonard, D.S.D. Martin, J.M.D. Walsh, C.J. Breen, R.B. Driver, Gemma K. Kinsella, J.B.C Findlay, J.C. Stephens

Articles

The management of blood glucose levels and the avoidance of diabetic hyperglycemia are common objectives of many therapies in the treatment of diabetes. An aryl piperazine compound 3a (RTC1) has been described as a promoter of glucose uptake, in part through a cellular mechanism that involves inhibition of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase. We report herein the synthesis of 41 derivatives of 3a (RTC1) and a systematic structure-activity-relationship study where a number of compounds were shown to effectively stimulate glucose uptake in vitro and inhibit NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase. The hit compound 3a (RTC1) remained the most efficacious with a 2.57 fold increase in glucose …

Relationships Among Patient Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors, Depression And Self-Reported Medication Adherence In African Americans With Diabetes, Shu Xiao, Phd, Pharmd Candidate, Monica Woloshin, Bs, Pharmd Candidate, Robin Casten, Phd, Barry Rovner, Md, Ginah Nightingale, Pharmd, Bcop

College of Pharmacy Posters

Objectives

To determine the extent to which self-care behaviors and self-reported medication adherence are related to depression in older African Americans with diabetes who presented to the ED.

Injectable Systems For Long-Lasting Insulin Therapy, Kumar Kulldeep Niloy

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Diabetes mellitus is one of the major global health problems and the prevalence rate is ever increasing reaching to 48% increase by the year of 2040 causing significant economic burdens. Insulin therapy has been the mainstay of diabetes treatment since its discovery in 1922. However, insulin is an unstable peptide with a half-life of only 4-6 min which poses significant challenge in prolonging duration of action of insulin. Nevertheless, the advances in recombinant DNA technology and protein engineering have enabled the development of several long-acting insulin analogue products which show duration of action up to 42 h. However, these insulin …

The Study Of Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus And Its Complications In Hiv Patients In, Leelavathi D. Acharya Dr

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background –Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disorder that is characterized by resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both which will affect the patient Quality of life. Pharmaceutical Care is the responsible provision of drug therapy for of achieving definite therapeutic outcomes that improve the patient‘s quality of life.It contributes to the resolution of medical conditions and can help avoid undesirable outcomes about patient‘s drug therapy problems, resulting in benefits to patients.Objectives –To study the impact of Pharmaceutical care in type 2 diabetic patients in a tertiarycare hospital.Methodology –A prospective interventional study was conducted for a period of …

Effect Of Rurality On Diabetes-Related Hospitalizations In A Small Acute Care Hospital In Jackson County, Indiana, Lindsey Ridlen

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Patient access to healthcare can be a potentially significant barrier to overall health outcomes, especially when paired with a costly and complex disease state such as diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus living in rural areas of Jackson County experience greater health disparity and more diabetes-related hospitalizations than those living in non-rural areas. The study was conducted at Schneck Medical Center in Seymour, Indiana. A total of 164 patients were included in the final analysis based on the presence of a diabetes-related diagnosis code in the patient’s chart; of these, …

Comparative Effectiveness And Safety Of Non-Vitamin K Antagonists Oral Anticoagulants And Warfarin In Elderly Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation And Diabetes, Siddhi Korgaonkar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Results: The matched sample consisted of 4578 patients (2291 in each group). NOACs were found to significantly reduce the risk of stroke/SE compared to warfarin (Hazard Ratio (HR): 0.373, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.247 - 0.564, p<0.001); but, no significant difference was seen between NOACs and warfarin in terms of reducing the risk of MI (HR: 0.864, CI: 0.594 – 1.257, p=0.446). NOACs were found to significantly reduce the risk of ICH (HR: 0.500, CI: 0.300 – 0.834, p=0.008) and OB (HR: 0.608, CI: 0.424 – 0.870, p=0.007); but no difference was seen in the risk of MGB (HR: 0.862, CI: 0.640 – 1.160, p=0.326) between NOACs and warfarin. NOACs were also found to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.783, CI:0.656 – 0.873, p=0.007). The composite of effectiveness and safety outcomes, and all-cause mortality was statistically significant proving superior overall effectiveness and safety of NOAC therapy to warfarin therapy in terms of risk reduction (HR:0.685, CI:0.587 – 0.801, p<0.001).

The Next Generation: A Novel Diabetes Elective Course For Pharmacy Students, Catherine Hedigan, Mirna Rezkalla, Matthew Ta, Amy M. Egras, Pharmd, Bcps, Bc-Adm

College of Pharmacy Posters

Background

• 30.3 million people or nearly 10% of the United States are diagnosed with diabetes
• Patients with uncontrolled diabetes often have many clinicians, including pharmacists, to help control their diabetes
• Clinicians that can empathize with patients have shown to improve patient satisfaction and outcomes2
• The Diabetes Immersion elective at Thomas Jefferson University College of Pharmacy is offered to third-year pharmacy students to provide additional knowledge about diabetes through hands-on learning and guest lecturers
• The class emphasizes a well-rounded understanding of diabetes touching on topics that may not otherwise be covered in required courses due to time constraints

A Novel Diabetes Elective Course For Pharmacy Students, Amy M. Egras, Pharmd, Bcps, Bc-Adm

College of Pharmacy Posters

Course Description & Objectives

The Diabetes Immersion elective is a 2-credit hour course offered to pharmacy students in their 3rd year of pharmacy school.

1. Demonstrate empathy regarding the impact of diabetes on everyday life.
2. Demonstrate the ability to monitor blood glucose, count carbohydrates, inject “insulin”, and adjust insulin dose based on daily experiences.
3. Discuss the impact of mental health and sociobehavioral/cultural aspects on diabetes.
4. Develop and provide diabetes education to the community.

Patient Care: The Forefront Of Pharmacy Practice, Dakota L. Richart

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

For the past three years, Richart has been a member of APhA–ASP and has actively participated in numerous events. She planned, organized, and executed health fairs, educational presentations, and other direct patient care experiences alongside other members. An interaction as simple as a five-minute discussion with a patient about their blood pressure, antihypertensive medications, and lifestyle modifications can help save their life. Each patient interaction has impacted her by strengthening her communication skills, developing her professionalism, and providing confidence as she applies her knowledge with patients. Whether APhA–ASP’s events focus on a small audience at a local health fair or …

A1c Reduction And Weight Loss In A Veteran Population Using Glp-1-Ras, Shelby L. Beutel Darrow

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder defined by high blood glucose. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) are a newer class of medications that offer potential 2 to 3 kg weight loss and a 1% to 1.5% decrease in A1c. At the Indianapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), GLP-1-RAs are non-formulary.

Objectives: Primary outcomes included mean change in weight, body mass index (BMI) and A1c in VAMC patients. Secondary outcomes included the comparison to published values, analysis of insulin needs, and analysis of GLP-1-RA discontinuation reasons.

Methods: Indianapolis VAMC patients ages 18-80 with type 2 diabetes who started a GLP-1-RA …

Drug-Induced Nutrient Depletion, Rodney Richmond

Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Your Heart And Diabetes, Rodney Richmond

Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Glp-1 Agonists In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review Of The Literature, Kristin M. Janzen, Taylor D. Steuber, Sarah A. Nisly

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

Objective: To review the use of GLP-1 agonists in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Data Sources: A search using the MEDLINE database, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database was performed through March 2016 using the search terms glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, incretin, liraglutide, exenatide, albiglutide, dulaglutide, type 1 diabetes mellitus. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All English-language trials that examined glycemic end points using GLP- 1 agonists in humans with T1DM were included. Data Synthesis: A total of 9 clinical trials examining the use of GLP-1 agonists in T1DM were identified. On average, hemoglobin A1C (A1C) was lower than …

Treatment Of Pasireotide Lar-Associated Hyperglycemia In A Patient With Acromegaly, Cheryl Rosenfeld

Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (Middletown) Publications and Research

Objective: Hyperglycemia was noted in pasireotide long-acting release (PAS LAR}-treated patients with acromegaly during clinical trials. We describe a clinical approach to hyperglycemia in a patient with acromegaly and diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) during PAS LAR initiation and treatment.

Methods: Clinical response to PAS LAR, including self­ monitored blood glucose (SMBG) levels, HbA1c, IGF-1, and adverse effects, was reported. Case Presentation: A 44-year-old male was referred for consultation in 2007 owing to uncontrolled DM2 despite maximum metformin (MET) dose. Testing led to a biochemical diagnosis of acromegaly. An 8-mm pituitary adenoma was seen on MRI. Transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma …

Polymeric Nanocarriers For Treatment Of Melanoma And Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells To Improve Outcome Of Islet Transplantation, Vaibhav Mundra

Theses & Dissertations

Melanoma is a lethal malignancy with limited treatment options for advanced metastatic stages. New targeted therapeutic options with discovery of BRAF and MEK inhibitors have shown significant survival benefit. Despite the recent progress, inefficient tumor accumulation and dose limiting systemic toxicity remains pressing challenges for treating metastatic melanoma and there is a need for drug delivery approach to improve therapeutic index of chemotherapeutics. Nanoparticle based drug delivery represents promising approach to enhance efficacy and reduce the dose limiting systemic toxicity. Nanoparticles can be formulated either by physical encapsulation of drugs or by covalent conjugation of drugs to the polymeric backbone. …

The Effects Of Rhein And Thymoquinone On Obesity And Diabetes In Diet-Induced Obese Mice., Emily Martell

Senior Honors Projects

Natural product extracts and chemicals isolated from natural products (e.g. plants, berries, seeds) have been commonly used in various types of traditional medicines. In addition, some drugs on the market today have been derived from natural product sources. The purpose of our study was to evaluate two natural products, Rhein and Thymoquinone, for as potential anti-diabetic and anti–obesity agents. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), the number of people in the US diagnosed with diabetes has increase from 11.9 million people in the year 2000 to 20.8 million people in the year 2011. Rhein is a natural compound …

Shining The Spotlight On Diabetes, Rodney Richmond

Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Geographic Variation In Antidiabetic Agent Adherence And Glycemic Control Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Eleanora Tan, Wenya Yang, Bo Pang, Mingliang Dai, F. Ellen Loh, Paul Hogan

Touro College of Pharmacy (New York) Publications and Research

BACKGROUND: Medication nonadherence is an imperative public health concern. Among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), poor adherence to antidiabetic agents is strongly associated with suboptimal glycemic control. Poor adherence and hyperglycemia greatly increase diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. At a national level, diabetes drug adherence using average proportion of days covered (PDC) is estimated to range between 36% and 81%, with an estimated range for diabetes control between 38% and 47%. At a state level no such studies exist.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the level of medication adherence to antidiabetic agents and of diabetes control, and their association among patients …

Bigpic: Bridging Income Generation With Provision Of Incentives For Care, Sonak Pastakia

Changing World Conference

No abstract provided.

Compound 49b: A Novel Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist In The Treatment Of Diabetic Retinopathy, Kimberly Williams-Guy

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in working Americans. While there are therapeutic regimens for the disease, more effective methods are needed. We have previously shown that a non-specific beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, isoproterenol, was effective in preventing functional and morphological changes associated with diabetic retinopathy in the rat. Isoproterenol also produced left ventricle remodeling suggesting it entered the systemic circulation. We therefore synthesized various novel beta-adrenergic receptor compounds and screened these compounds in vitro for their ability to reduce markers of inflammation and apoptosis. Of the various compounds tested, Compound 49b was able to reduce both inflammation and …

Quantifying Polypharmacy In Diabetes Patients In The U.S., Jing Tao

Theses and Dissertations

ix Objectives: To quantify polypharmacy and assess the socio-economic predictors of medication use and expenditure in diabetics. Methods: This study analyzed adult diabetes patients using a nationally representative sample in Medical Expenditure Panel Survey in 2006. Top ten most highly utilized drug classes were identified. Descriptive statistics were used to portray the patients’ medication utilization and spending. Generalized linear models were conducted to assess the socio-economic variants in drug use and spending. Results: On average, a diabetes patient had 45 prescriptions in 2006, for total annual spending of $3,161. A diabetes patient used drugs from 3.43 classes within top ten …

The Influence Of Antidiabetic Medications On The Development And Progression Of Prostate Cancer, Anna Elizabeth Hitron

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

The development of prostate tumors has been linked to co-morbid diabetes mellitus (DM) in several studies, potentially through the stimulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR). This study evaluates the effect of anti-diabetic medication use on the development of high grade tumors and time to tumor progression compared to non-diabetics. This retrospective, nested case control study identified patients with prostate cancer (PCa) from the Kentucky Medicaid Database. Cases were diagnosed with PCa and DM and using at least one of the following antidiabetic medications; sulfonylureas, insulin, metformin or TZDs. Cases were further stratified on their insulin exposure resulting from therapy. …

Therapeutic Gene Delivery To Human Pancreatic Islets For Treatment Of Diabetes And The Effect Of Tfo On Liver Fibrosis Induced By Bile Duct Ligation, Ravikiran Panakanti

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Ex vivo gene transfer can improve the outcome of islet transplantation for treating Type I diabetes. Earlier we have shown co‑expression of human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF) and human interleukin‑1 receptor antagonist (hI‑1Ra) after transfection of plasmid DNA encoding these two genes. Due to poor transfection efficiency of plasmid DNA and the better known islet transduction efficiency of adenoviral (Adv) vectors, in this study, we constructed Adv‑hVEGF‑hIL‑1Ra by cloning hVEGF and hIL‑1Ra coding sequences and polyA signal under separate cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoters in Adenoquick plasmid (Ad 13.1). There was dose and time dependent expression of these genes after transduction …

Impaired M3 And Enhanced M2 Muscarinic Receptor Contractile Function In A Streptozotocin Model Of Mouse Diabetic Urinary Bladder, K. J. Pak, Rennolds S. Ostrom, M. Matsui, F. J. Ehlert

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

We investigated the contractile roles of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in urinary bladder from streptozotocin-treated mice. Wild-type and M2 muscarinic receptor knockout (M2 KO) mice were given a single injection of vehicle or streptozotocin (125 mg kg−1) 2–24 weeks prior to bladder assays. The effect of forskolin on contractions elicited to the muscarinic agonist, oxotremorine-M, was measured in isolated urinary bladder (intact or denuded of urothelium). Denuded urinary bladder from vehicle-treated wild-type and M2 KO mice exhibited similar contractile responses to oxotremorine-M, when contraction was normalized relative to that elicited by KCl (50 mM). Eight to 9 weeks after …