Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Implementing Who Hand Hygiene In A U.S. Pharmacy School, Jill Lavigne

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Implementing A Substances Of Abuse Outreach Program In The Rochester City School District., R L. Jarbe, N M. Piette, Chirag Dave, Amy L. Parkhill, Melinda E. Lull, Jennifer Mathews

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: This program aims to provide substances of abuse education to local high school students.

Methods: An outreach program, modeled after the National Institute on Drug Abuse instructional materials, was developed by student pharmacists and faculty for delivery to the Rochester City School District. Strict regulations prevented admittance into any classrooms until the program was presented to all health teachers at a district-wide meeting. Approval was given to begin working in the classrooms in April 2011. The program was first adopted in two health education classes at Edison Tech (May 2011). Information was presented to students using lecture, small group …

Environmental Toxins Linked To Neurodegeneration And Autism Activate The Brain’S Immune System, J. L. Hill, C. Teijelo, H. M. To, A. Meyer, E. S. Micca, N. Vaughn, Melinda E. Lull

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Microglia are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system and become activated in response to noxious stimuli, leading to a cycle of inflammation and cell death that has been implicated in the development of Parkinson’s disease and autism. This study examines the effects of environmental toxins, at levels commonly found in humans, on microglial cell survival and activation. The toxins used in this study include polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, the food additive propionic acid (PPA), and the organochlorine pesticide dieldrin. These chemicals have been linked to neuronal damage, although their effects on microglial cells have not …

Acute Clinical Conditions Of School-Aged Children In A Rural Kenyan Community, Nicolle A. Koester, Karen M. Parker, Vivian Cunningham, Christine R. Birnie

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Education And Socioeconomic Status On Incidence Of Diabetes And Hypertension In Pune, India, Christine R. Birnie, Kiara Manning, Kim Wilbert, Alicia Habershaw

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Observed Incidence Of Linezolid-Associated Serotonin Syndrmoe During Concomitant Serotonergic Therapy, Melanie Woytowish, Lena Maynor

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Innovative Drug Delivery And Formulation Designs To Deter Drug Abuse/Misuse Related To Suicide, Fang Zhao

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Patients with a history of abuse/misuse of pain and psychotic medications are at high risk for suicide. Novel drug delivery and formulation approaches have been explored to reduce the potential of drug abuse/misuse and to improve patient compliance. This chapter reviews the design and mechanism of five successful products in the opioid and anti-psychotic categories. Embeda™ is an extended release capsule containing morphine pellets with a sequestered core of naltrexone; naltrexone acts as an aversive agent and is released only when the product is crushed. Remoxy® is an extended release oxycodone capsule with a highly viscous liquid fill content which …

Student Success Tracking Pilot Program, Jane M. Souza, Richard O'Brocta

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: The purpose of study is to pilot a program in which all P1 students input their exam grades for each course in the fall semester into E*Value. Alongside their grades they record reflections on their performance. This information, visible only to the individual students and their advisors, is used to promote meaningful dialog during advising sessions.

Method: A form was created in E*Value for students to input their exam grades and reflections on those grades. Faculty advisors were asked to use this data during advising sessions. Feedback was collected through Qualtrics surveys for faculty and students as well as …

Pharmacy-Student Outreach: Bridging The Gap From An Inner-City High School To Pharmacy School, Jennifer L. Mathews, Chirag Dave, Mohammad Mohammad, Gabriela Cipriano, Fang Zhao, Brooke Lowry

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

A poster describing a program at Thomas A. Edison High School that aimed to educate students on the educational requirements for pharmacy school and career opportunities within the profession.

Personal Impact Of A Service-Learning Medical Missions Elective Course On Pharmacy Student's Attitudes And Values, Christine R. Birnie, Sherry Jimenez

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Course-Level Curriculum Map Pilot Program, Jane M. Souza, Jennifer Mathews, Amy L. Parkhill

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: To pilot a newly developed course level curriculum map that documents course learning outcomes, corresponding teaching activities, assessments, student achievement on assessments, and evidence-based changes made subsequently at the course level.

Method: The newly developed course level curriculum map was piloted in twelve courses involving nine faculty members. Faculty either retroactively recorded data or utilized the map during the semester. At the conclusion of the pilot period, a focus group was conducted during which seven of the faculty members shared experiences and recommendations. Focus group comments were recorded by three people. Recorders’ notes were compared for accuracy and …

Development, Implementation, And Evaluation Of A Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Elective Course In Hybrid Format, Parag Budukh, Christine R. Birnie

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Programming Inflammation Resolution, Ramil Sapinoro, David Barr, Samuel Slevinski

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

A Continuous Professional Development Process For First-Year Pharmacy Students, Richard O'Brocta, Asim Abu-Baker, Parag Budukh, Mona A. Gandhi, Jill Lavigne, Christine R. Birnie

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objectives. To develop, pilot test, and evaluate a continuous professional development (CPD) process for first-year pharmacy (P1) students.

Design. Students and faculty members were introduced to the important elements of the CPD process via a live training program. Students completed the year-long 4-step CPD cycle by identifying a learning objective, creating a plan, completing the learning activity, evaluating their learning outcome, documenting each step, and meeting with their faculty advisor for feedback and advice.

Assessment. Seventy-five first-year students (100%) successfully completed the CPD process during the 2009-2010 academic year. The students spent an average of 7 hours (range 2 to …

Chronic Apocynin Treatment Attenuates Beta Amyloid Plaque Size And Microglial Number In Happ(751)Sl Mice, Melinda E. Lull, Shannon Levesque,, Michael J. Surace, Michelle L. Block

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Background: NADPH oxidase is implicated in neurotoxic microglial activation and the progressive nature of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, we test the ability of two NADPH oxidase inhibitors, apocynin and dextromethorphan (DM), to reduce learning deficits and neuropathology in transgenic mice overexpressing human amyloid precursor protein with the Swedish and London mutations (hAPP(751)SL).

Methods: Four month old hAPP(751)SL mice were treated daily with saline, 15 mg/kg DM, 7.5 mg/kg DM, or 10 mg/kg apocynin by gavage for four months.

Results: Only hAPP(751)SL mice treated with apocynin showed reduced plaque size and a reduction in the number of cortical microglia, when compared …

Diesel Exhaust Activates & Primes Microglia: Air Pollution, Neuroinflammation, & Regulation Of Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity, Shannon Levesque, Thomas Taetzsch, Melinda E. Lull, Urmila Kodavanti, Krisztian Stadler, Alison Wagner, Jo Anne Johnson, Laura Duke, Prasada Kodavanti, Michael J. Surace, Michelle L. Block

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

BACKGROUND:

Air pollution is linked to central nervous system disease, but the mechanisms responsible are poorly understood.

OBJECTIVES:

Here, we sought to address the brain-region-specific effects of diesel exhaust (DE) and key cellular mechanisms underlying DE-induced microglia activation, neuroinflammation, and dopaminergic (DA) neurotoxicity.

METHODS:

Rats were exposed to DE (2.0, 0.5, and 0 mg/m3) by inhalation over 4 weeks or as a single intratracheal administration of DE particles (DEP; 20 mg/kg). Primary neuron-glia cultures and the HAPI (highly aggressively proliferating immortalized) microglial cell line were used to explore cellular mechanisms.

RESULTS:

Rats exposed to DE by inhalation demonstrated elevated levels …

Lecture Podcasts--Supplement Or Replacement For In-Class Lectures In Traditional Classroom Courses?, Parag Budukh, Christine R. Birnie

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

The Design Of A Sterile Product Laboratory Module As Preparation For An Institutional Ippe Course, Fang Zhao, Christine R. Birnie, Anthony Corigliano, Susan Hughes, John Loughner, Stephen Valentine

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objectives: To develop a pharmaceutics laboratory module on compounded sterile products for the second year pharmacy students as preparation for an institutional pharmacy experiential course. Method: A 5-week lab module was designed and implemented as part of the Pharmaceutics Lab Course to provide training in the basic skills of sterile product compounding. The module included techniques in the handling of sterile products, aseptic techniques, medium risk products, and hazardous products. A practical exam was given at the end of this module to ensure student competency. Upon completion of the lab module, students enrolled in a required 4-week institutional pharmacy experiential …

Evaluation Of Student Performance Using Multiple Choice And Open-Ended Examination Questions In A Pharmacy Calculations Course., Christine R. Birnie, Parag Budukh

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Anticoagulation Clinic Led By Experiential Education Team, Asim Abu-Baker

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Increased Hypoglycemia Associated With Renal Failure During Continuous Intravenous Insulin Infusion And Specialized Nutritional Support, Roland N. Dickerson, Leslie A. Hamilton, Kathryn A. Connor, George O. Maish, Martin A. Croce, Gayle Minard, Rex O. Brown

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: To evaluate glycemic control for critically ill, hyperglycemic trauma patients with renal failure who received concurrent intensive insulin therapy and continuous enteral (EN) or parenteral nutrition (PN).

Methods: Adult trauma patients with renal failure, who were given EN or PN concurrently with continuous graduated intravenous regular human insulin (RHI) infusion for at least 3 days were evaluated. Our conventional RHI algorithm was modified for those with renal failure by allowing greater changes in blood glucose concentrations (BG) before the infusion rate was escalated. BG was determined every 1-2 hours while receiving the insulin infusion. BG control was evaluated on …

Student-Led Learning In The Pharmaceutical Sciences Curriculum, Melinda E. Lull, Jennifer L. Mathews, E. C. Jannetta, Christine R. Birnie

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objectives: A challenge of primarily didactic courses lies in keeping students engaged in a potentially monotonous learning environment. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of incorporating student-led activities into the pharmaceutical sciences curriculum. This alternative approach to traditional lecture-based learning allows for student engagement and ownership of materials. These activities were incorporated into P1 Pharmacology, Biosystems, and Calculations courses.

Methods: A variety of student-led learning activities were conducted in three courses (n=78 students). Following each activity, students were asked to participate in a survey rating the effectiveness, relevancy, productiveness, and overall impression of the activity using …

The Need For Transgender Health Content In The Pharmacy Curriculum, Jennifer Mathews, Amy L. Parkhill, Jeanne Gainsburg, Scott Fearing

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The article, “The Need for Transgender Health Content in the Pharmacy Curriculum,” addresses transgender patients and how they often have complex medical, psychological, and social concerns. According to the article, these patients may not only need to learn to manage complicated medication regimens, which can have significant side effects, but may also face many barriers to treatment. Some of those barriers include difficulties with insurance, fear of discrimination, lack of support, and a mistrust of the healthcare system. Given the important role that medications play in maintaining their quality of life, the article suggests that pharmacists are in a unique …

New Intravenous Antibiotics: A Focused Pharmacotherapy Update, Kathryn A. Connor

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Infections due to multidrug-resistant pathogens are increasing throughout the world, in particular due to the emergence of resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumonia, multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter spp, extended-spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL) producing enteric organisms, etc. These serious pathogens are a major cause of severe hospital and community-acquired infections and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Several new parenteral antibiotics have been approved in the past several years to help treat these infections, including telavancin, doripenem, tigecycline and daptomycin. This article reviews the pharmacology and limitations of these new antibiotics in treating infections in …

Resolution Of Clinical Signs Of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia In Trauma Patients, Kathryn A. Connor, Joseph M. Swanson, Bradley A. Boucher, G. Christopher Wood

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objectives: The ATS/IDSA Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) guidelines suggest that clinical improvement of VAP should be apparent within 3–6 days. This study evaluated resolution of clinical signs of VAP in trauma patients after diagnosis.

Methods: Critically injured adults admitted to the trauma intensive care unit (ICU) from June 1, 2006, to December 31, 2007, and subsequently given a diagnosis of VAP were retrospectively assessed. Clinical signs, including derangements of maximum temperature (Tmax), white blood cell (WBC) count, and PaO2/FiO2, were evaluated on days 1–16 after VAP diagnosis. Data are presented as mean ± SD unless otherwise stated. Clinical parameters after VAP …

Stability Of Extemporaneously Prepared Rufinamide Oral Suspensions, David Hutchinson, Yayin Liou, Robert Best, Fang Zhao

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Background:

Rufinamide is an oral antiepileptic drug indicated for adjunctive therapy in treating generalized seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Currently, rufinanide is available as 200-mg and 400-mg tablets. A liquid dosage form does not exist at the present time. Lack of a suspension formulation may present an administration problem for many children and adults who are unable to swallow tablets. The availability of a liquid dosage form will provide an easy and accurate way to measure and administer the medication.

Objective:

To determine the stability of both sugar-containing and sugar-free rufinamide suspensions over a 90-day period.

Methods:

A suspension of …

Resolution Of Clinical Signs In Trauma Intensive Care Unit Patients Following Diagnosis Of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, Kathryn A. Connor, Joseph M. Swanson, G. Christopher Wood, Bradley A. Boucher, Louis J. Magnotti

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

PURPOSE: The ATS/IDSA Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) guidelines suggest that clinical improvement of VAP should be apparent within 3-6 days. Anecdotally, such improvement has not been noted in trauma patients at our institution. The current study was conducted to evaluate resolution of clinical signs of VAP following diagnosis.

METHODS: Critically injured adults admitted to the trauma intensive care unit (TICU) from 6/1/06-12/31/07 and subsequently diagnosed with VAP were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical signs, including derangements of maximum temperature (Tmax), white blood cell (WBC) count and Pa02/FiO2, were evaluated on days 1-16 following VAP diagnosis. Data are presented as mean ± SD unless …

Smoking Cessation Agents And Suicide, Jill E. Lavigne

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The risk is uncertain, so patients should make an informed decision.

Development And Implementation Of A Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia Pathway In A Trauma Icu, Kathryn A. Connor, G. Christopher Wood, Joseph M. Swanson, Bradley A. Boucher

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

A Novel Gβγ-Subunit Inhibitor Selectively Modulates Μ-Opioid- Dependent Antinociception And Attenuates Acute Morphine-Induced Antinociceptive Tolerance And Dependence, Jennifer L. Mathews, Alan V. Smrcka, Jean M. Bidlack

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.