Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

An Integrative Review Of The Absorption Of Fda-Approved Chemical Sunscreen Filters Into The Blood, Srinidhi Banala, Samrat Gollapudi, Abhiram Gollapudi, Bhaumik Patel

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Introduction: This integrative review examines the absorption of FDA-approved chemical sunscreen filters, specifically avobenzone and oxybenzone, into the bloodstream. The study aims to compare the levels of absorption and potential health effects of systemic exposure to these sunscreen ingredients in the United States.

Methods: The researchers conducted a literature search of 57 articles, of which 15 were used for the review. Inclusion criteria focused on studies discussing absorption levels of avobenzone and oxybenzone, as well as methods of absorption into the bloodstream. Exclusion criteria included sunscreen ingredients not approved in the United States, non-English studies, and studies on methods to …

Evaluating The Effect Of Skipping Ticagrelor Doses And Need For Bolus Doses Upon Treatment Resumption Through Population Pk/Pd Simulation, Hiroyoshi Matsui, Le Thien Truc Pham, Eyob D. Adane

ONU Student Research Colloquium

Ticagrelor (Brilinta (R)) is the first reversibly binding oral P2Y12 receptor antagonist. It is used, mostly in combination with aspirin, in patients with acute coronary syndromes to reduce thrombosis. The manufacturer of ticagrelor recommends discontinuing it at least 5 days before any surgery when possible. While the effect of dose interruptions on the risk of thrombosis is not directly studied, it is important to understand the impact of skipping doses on ticagrelor's PK/PD profile for clinical-decision making. The objectives of the current study were to simulate the impact of therapy interruption on the PK/PD of ticagrelor and examine the need …

Beyond Mitragynine: Composition Survey And Stability Assessment Of Kratom Tea Ordered Via Food Delivery Platforms In Bangkok, Thailand, Yuta Tokuda, Apinya Tubtimrattana, Nat Tansrisawad, Kornvalee Meesilpavikkai, Parath Thirati

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Kratom is a native tree to Southeast Asia. Kratom leaves have long been used medicinally and recreationally due to their stimulative and opioid-like effects attributed to high endogenous levels of mitragynine and related alkaloids. Kratom is widely consumed as tea and is now publicly sold, including on food delivery platforms, after recent decriminalization despite selling of kratom products being still considered illegal by other acts.

Objectives: To assess the formulas of kratom teas sold on Thai food delivery platform together with their consistency and the stability of refrigerated teas.

Methods: Kratom alkaloids, mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine, and additive contents of …

Identification And Characterization Of Novel, Small Molecule Inhibitors Of Spermine Oxidase, Amelia Bryn Furbish

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

The major intracellular polyamines spermine and spermidine are abundant endogenous compounds that are essential for cellular growth and development. Dysregulation of polyamine metabolism has been implicated as a key mechanism of injury across multiple forms of clinically challenging pathologies. Of the enzymes within the polyamine pathway, the catabolic enzyme spermine oxidase (SMOX) is of particular interest as it is subject to induction in response to infection, neuronal excitotoxicity, ischemia, and oxidative stress. In addition to the loss of radical scavenging capabilities associated with spermine depletion, catabolism of spermine by SMOX results in the production of toxic byproducts, including H_{2 …}

Apigenin Alleviates Autistic-Like Stereotyped Repetitive Behaviors And Mitigates Brain Oxidative Stress In Mice, Petrilla Jayaprakash, Dmytro Isaev, Keun-Hang Susan Yang, Rami Beiram, Murat Oz, Bassem Sadek

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Studying the involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), specifically α7-nAChRs, in neuropsychiatric brain disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has gained a growing interest. The flavonoid apigenin (APG) has been confirmed in its pharmacological action as a positive allosteric modulator of α7-nAChRs. However, there is no research describing the pharmacological potential of APG in ASD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the subchronic systemic treatment of APG (10–30 mg/kg) on ASD-like repetitive and compulsive-like behaviors and oxidative stress status in the hippocampus and cerebellum in BTBR mice, utilizing the reference drug aripiprazole (ARP, 1 …

Six-Month Report Assessing The Feasibility And Effectiveness Of Amniotic Membrane Injections In Patients With Short, Anterior, Urethral Strictures, Nicholas Pryde, Jack Vernocke, Aron Liaw, Michael Sessine, Nivedita Dhar

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Urethral stricture treatment has high recurrence rates and adjunct injectable agents have been explored. Amniotic membranes (AM) promote apoptosis of pro-inflammatory cells, prevent differentiation of pro-fibrotic cells, and decrease scar formation. These tissues generated interest in reconstructive urethral surgery. Thus, we performed urethral dilation combined with micronized AM injection in urethral scar tissue for treatment of urethral stricture.

Materials and Methods: Adult males with strictures ≤12Fr in diameter and ≤2 cm in length, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) ≥11 and maximum flowrate <15 ml/s. Reconstituted 100mg micronized AM was injected at the time of urethral dilation. Primary study end point was anatomical success (≥14Fr by cystoscopy) at 6 months. Secondary end points were questionnaires, flow rate, and post void residual. Outcomes assessed at baseline, 5 days, 14 days, 3 months, and 6 months post-injection. Safety was analyzed.

Results: Ten men, mean age of 52 ± 15 years, were included. There were 7 patients with …

Pharmacist Interventions Increase Uptake Of Pneumonia Vaccination In At-Risk Populations: A Review., Kaitlyn Hinton

Annual Research Symposium

Pneumonia is a large burden to healthcare costs and a large cause of hospitalization (Hayes, BH. Chest. 2018, 153(2), 427), and bacterial pneumonia can be prevented through vaccination. While pediatric vaccinations are routinely given, an additional dose is required for adults 65+ years of age or otherwise immune compromised, including diabetics. Only 22.2% of Immunocompromised patients and 65% of the elderly population have received the extra dose (Hung, MC. CDC. 2022). With pharmacist interventions, these vaccination rates could increase significantly. The purpose of this study was to conduct a review of the literature to identify interventions that have yielded higher …

Medication Errors Among Als Providers In The Prehospital Setting, Cody Vaughn Gibson, Victor Jimenez Jr

Annual Research Symposium

EMS providers administer a variety of medications to patients in the prehospital environment, and while there are numerous published studies on medication errors pertaining to the hospital environment, there are comparatively fewer studies which focus on the prehospital environment. Therefore, the purpose of this survey is to investigate the type and frequency of medication errors occurring in the prehospital environment.

Evaluation Of Novel Therapeutic Agents For The Treatment Of Chronic Dry Eyes, Lilian Huynh, Evonie Villarete, Surajit Dey

Annual Research Symposium

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular condition, where disrupted tear film stability and ocular surface inflammation affected between 5% to 34% of the worldwide population in 2015 and posed a challenge to conventional ophthalmic treatments. Recent advances have led to potential novel therapeutics aiming to alleviate symptoms and improve patient outcomes.

Quantifying Community-Based Pharmacy Student Operational And Clinical Rotation (Ippe) Activities., Kenneth Kunke, Phillip Lawrence, C. Leiana Oswald, Erin Johanson, Michelle Hon

Annual Research Symposium

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe trends in the quantity and proportion of operational and clinical activities performed by students on introductory (IPPE) rotations.

Cannabidiol Exposure During Rat Pregnancy Leads To Labyrinth-Specific Vascular Defects In The Placenta And Reduced Fetal Growth, Daniel B. Hardy, David R C Natale, Kendrick Lee

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Introduction: Cannabis use is increasing among pregnant people, and cannabidiol (CBD), a constituent of cannabis, is often perceived as ‘‘natural’’ and ‘‘safe’’ as it is non-intoxicating. In utero, cannabis exposure is associated with negative health outcomes, including fetal growth restriction (FGR). The placenta supplies oxygen and nutrients to the fetus, and alterations in placental development can lead to FGR. While there has been some investigation into the effects of D9-THC, there has been limited investigation into the impacts of in utero gestational CBD exposure on the placenta. Methods: This study used histological and transcriptomic analysis of embryonic day (E)19.5 rat …

Share Cannabidiol Exposure During Gestation Leads To Adverse Cardiac Outcomes Early In Postnatal Life In Male Rat Offspring., Daniel B. Hardy, Steven R. Laviolette, Kendrick Lee, David Rc Natale

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Introduction: Studies indicate that *7% of pregnant individuals in North America consume cannabis in pregnancy. Pre-clinical studies have established that maternal exposure to D9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; major psychoactive component in cannabis) leads to fetal growth restriction and impaired cardiac function in offspring. However, the effects of maternal exposure to cannabidiol (CBD; major non-euphoric constituent) on cardiac outcomes in offspring remain unknown. Therefore, our objective is to investigate the functional and underlying molecular impacts in the hearts of offspring exposed to CBD in pregnancy. Methods: Pregnant Wistar rats were exposed to either 3 or 30mg/kg CBD or vehicle control i.p. daily from …

2018 2nd Place: Identifying The Effectiveness Of Plant Extracts For Treating Biofilms Of Escherichia Coli And Myxococcus Xanthus, Micah Burton

Harrisburg University Research Symposium: Highlighting Research, Innovation, & Creativity

Antibiotic resistance is a topic that is of growing concern in the field of medicine. Antibiotics act as growth blockers or act as toxins, killing the organism they affect. These biological weapons generate selective pressure leading to the current antibiotic crisis. This selective pressure causes resistant organisms to begin to emerge and over generations antibiotic resistance can develop and be spread among a bacterial population.

One of the key factors contributing to antibiotic resistance in bacteria is the ability for some bacteria to form and shield themselves within biofilms. Biofilms are masses of bacteria protected by a polysaccharide/ extracellular DNA …

Modifying Peptide/Lipid-Associated Nucleic Acids (Planas) For Crispr/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein Delivery, Abdulelah Alhazza, Parvin Mahdipoor, Ryley Hall, Arthur Manda, Sandeep Lohan, Keykavous Parang, Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

With the first reports on the possibility of genome editing by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas)9 surfacing in 2005, the enthusiasm for protein silencing via nucleic acid delivery experienced a resurgence following a period of diminished enthusiasm due to challenges in delivering small interfering RNAs (siRNA), especially in vivo. However, delivering the components necessary for this approach into the nucleus is challenging, maybe even more than the cytoplasmic delivery of siRNA. We previously reported the birth of peptide/lipid-associated nucleic acids (PLANAs) for siRNA delivery. This project was designed to investigate the efficiency of …

Avaren-Fc, A Novel Immunotherapeutic, Recruits Nk Cells In B16f10 Melanoma Tumor Tissue, Sreevatsa Vemuri, Katarina Mayer, Nobuyuki Matoba

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Melanoma is the fifth most common cancer in the US, with limited effective immunotherapeutic options available for patients. Avaren-Fc (AvFc) is a novel experimental immunotherapeutic agent with a unique “lectibody” property. It is capable of targeting cancer cells through the selective recognition of high mannose glycans, which are aberrantly overrepresented on the surface of malignant cells. AvFc can interact with circulating effector immune cells equipped with Fc receptors, such as natural killer (NK) cells to induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and kill cancer cells. Previous work has shown that AvFc effectively induces ADCC activity against B16F10 cancer cells in vitro …

Development And Validation Of A Nomogram For Predicting Pulmonary Infection In Patients Receiving Immunosuppressive Drugs, Chuxuan Luo, Yue Zhang, Jiajie Zhang, Chen Jin, Xiaolan Ye, Yan Ren, Huajuan Shen, Maosheng Chen, Yiwen Li, Qiang He, Guangbiao Xu, Lina Shao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Pulmonary infection (PI), a severe complication of immunosuppressive therapy, affects patients' prognosis. As part of this study, we aimed to construct a pulmonary infection prediction (PIP) model and validate it in patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs (ISDs). Methods: Totally, 7,977 patients being treated with ISDs were randomised 7:3 to the developing (n = 5,583) versus validation datasets (n = 2,394). Our predictive nomogram was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate COX regression analyses. With the use of the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve, the prediction performance of the final model was …

Modulation Of Diet-Induced Gut Inflammation In Slowing Initiation Of Hematologic Malignancies, Esther Nyarkoa Mensah

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The intestinal tract serves as a host to an extremely complex microbial system. Microbes in the gut regulate their metabolism in response to chemicals generated by other microorganisms as well as nutrition supply from dietary intake. Alterations in gut bacteria have been implicated in the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity and the progression of diseases such as Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Although the cause of obesity is multifactorial, the consumption of high-fat or sugar-rich diets (Western diets) has been proposed as a significant contributor to this global epidemic. Obesity is a major public health concern that has been extensively …

Evaluating Functional Inhibitors Of Acid Sphingomyelinase As Potential Negative Modulators Of Microvesicle Particle Release In Response To Skin Stressors, Taskin Sabit

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Many diseases including lupus erythematosus, atopic eczema, and rosacea can be associated with photosensitivity, which is an abnormal response to sunlight. Recent studies by our group have implicated microvesicle particles (MVP) as playing an important role in causing inflammation and systemic immunosuppression. Previous studies show that functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (FIASMA) can block MVP release in response to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation or Platelet-activating Factor (PAF) agonist, which are skin stressors. However, more research needs to be conducted to evaluate the role of PAF, UVB and FIASMA in MVP generation and to formulate a therapeutic medication to be potentially …

Fentanyl And Methamphetamine Mixture Interactions On Drug Choice In Male And Female Sprague Dawley Rats, Voisava Bokciu, Nick Heslep, Allison Ortiz, Matthew L. Banks Phd

IRBEH/Spit for Science Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

The Complex Protein Analysis Of Purified Extracellular Vesicles In The Study Of Colorectal Cancer, Renee Boone, Cecilia Osthoff

Science University Research Symposium (SURS)

Proteomics, the study of complex protein mixtures in which liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is used to analyze peptide sequences, is commonly utilized to study the double membrane, cell-derived vesicles known as exosomes. Exosomes are double membrane, cell-derived vesicles that contain cell components such as DNA, lipids, and proteins. They function to transport proteins and cellular materials between cells and are involved in the progression and metastasis of cancer. The impact of these extracellular vesicles on cancer spread can be analyzed using proteomics, through the purification of the proteins isolated from the vesicles. The purpose of our research is to analyze …

Outpatient Fall Prevention In Ambulatory Adults 65 Years Old And Over, Dorothy L. Osborne-White

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Projects - Archive

Background: In the United States (U.S.), falls are the leading cause of injury among adults 65 and over, resulting in 36 million falls yearly (Moreland et al., 2020). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2023), one in four older adults experiences a fall each year. Falls are the world's second most prominent cause of accidental deaths (World Health Organization [WHO], 2021). Falls are the leading cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries among older adults (Moreland et al., 2020).

Methods: A quality improvement project that included a fall bundle was implemented in a primary clinic. A …

Evidence Synthesis Methodology: Promoting Reproducible Methodology Through Modified Assignments, Laura Lipke, Neyda Gilman

Library Created Resources

Initially, systematic reviews in healthcare served to synthesize findings from clinical studies, aiding comprehensive access to the most effective treatments within evidence-based practice. Over time, their scope has broadened beyond treatment effectiveness, leading to a surge in publication. Consequently, many health science faculty now assign systematic reviews in classrooms without a full grasp of the standardized process, leaving students ill-equipped due to insufficient guidance and resources.

While mastering systematic review techniques is crucial for evidence-based practice, faculty can opt for modified assignments to foster a deeper understanding of the review process. These modified tasks, can be completed within a semester, …

Enhancing Safety Surveillance During Clinical Trials: The Development Of A Safety Data Review Handbook To Support Pharmacovigilance Clinicians, Lauren Wilson

DNP Scholarly Projects

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pharmacovigilance (PV) Sciences include activities related to safety surveillance of pharmaceutical products, and is critical for developing safe and effective medications, vaccines and medical devices. Safety monitoring starts with preclinical research and continues through clinical trial and post marketing phases. PV scientists ensure patient safety during clinical trials through regular review and analysis of safety data. Regulations have become increasingly complex, leading to inadequately defined methods for reviewing large clinical trial safety datasets. Inconsistent safety data review (SDR) practices can result in delayed detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) or safety signals.

METHODS: This quality improvement project used …

Inhibiting Pi3k/Akt To Enhance Brain Uptake Of Anticancer Agents In Glioblastoma, Louis Rodgers

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest and most common malignant CNS tumor. Despite advances in understanding its biology and the development of targeted therapies, effective treatment options remain limited. As a result, patient survival rates are dismal, with a 5-year survival rate of only 6.8% and an overall survival of less than two years. This poor outcome is partly due to our inability to treat GBM cells that infiltrate the whole brain. Focal treatments like surgery and radiotherapy alone are insufficient due to these invasive tumor cells. Therefore, chemotherapy following resection and irradiation of the primary tumor is essential to eliminate …

Targeting The Renin-Angiotensin System (Ras) For Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Aline Silva De Miranda, Danielle S Macedo, Natalia P Rocha, Antonio L Teixeira

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric disorders, such as mood disorders, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias, are associated to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders remain to be fully elucidated, which has hampered the development of effective therapies. The Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) is classically viewed as a key regulator of cardiovascular and renal homeostasis. The discovery that RAS components are expressed in the brain pointed out a potential role for this system in central nervous system (CNS) pathologies. The understanding of RAS involvement in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders may contribute to identifying novel therapeutic …

The Impact Of Candida Albicans Glycogen On Fitness, Virulence And Host Response, Jian Miao

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that presents in healthy persons colonizing the oropharyngeal, esophageal, and gastrointestinal mucosa. This polymorphic fungal pathogen remains a leading cause of both invasive and superficial mycoses. C. albicans can cause oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) and disseminated candidiasis when normal host immunity is disturbed, while also causing vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in healthy women. Adaptation to different host niches requires rapid and coordinated changes in Candida metabolism and physiology to cope with host immune surveillance and to counteract host-imposed constraints such as glucose limitation. Although largely unexplored in C. albicans, the glycogen metabolism pathway is …

Alopecia As An Early Clinical Marker For Azathioprine Induced Myelosuppression: A Case Report, Nilanjana Dutta , Final Year Mbbs, Dr. M Suresh Babu , Professor, Dr. Subramanian Ramaswamy , Professor, Dr. Mahabaleshwar Mamadapur , Assistant Professor

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Azathioprine is a pro-drug and is metabolized by the TPMT enzyme in the body. In South Asians, Azathioprine is known to cause alopecia and bone marrow suppression in patients with TPMT enzyme deficiency. In India, the prevalence of TPMT mutation varies from 1.2- 10%. A new mutation was detected in 2014, NUDT15 whose incidence varies from 8.5-16%. Patients with mutation in both TPMT and NUDT15 develop myelosuppression faster. In our case, alopecia manifested as the first clinical feature of Azathioprine myelosuppression. Physicians need to recognize early clinical clues (alopecia) to avoid the impending development of myelosuppression and to look for …

Exploration Of Dopaminergic And Serotonergic Pathways Utilizing Pleiotropic Agents, Charles B. Jones Iii

Theses and Dissertations

2-(Benzoyl)piperidines (BPs) are at a crossroads of therapy and abuse. These compounds are a hybrid between the ADHD medication methylphenidate and abused stimulant cathinones. Here we use computational molecular modeling, synthesis, mutagenesis, and epifluorescence microscopy to further improve the understanding of and potential treatments for several neuropsychiatric disorders. Utilizing the BP scaffold and controlling chirality and aryl substitution, these agents were examined at DAT and SERT. From these investigations it has now been established that R isomer BPs are favored for DAT while S isomer BPs are favored for SERT. Aryl-substitution can greatly affect the selectivity of these agents with …

Perspectives Of Utilizing Pharmacogenomics To Inform Tobacco Cessation: Survey Results From An American Indian Community, Madeline Lousie Davies

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Pharmacogenomics research has predominantly focused on populations of European ancestry, limiting the application for diverse populations such as American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) communities. Our community-centric study aims to understand perspectives of utilizing pharmacogenomics to guide tobacco cessation in an AIAN community using a survey with qualitative and quantitative components. We assessed participant (n=273) tobacco usage and cessation history, pharmacogenomics knowledge, and perceptions of utilizing pharmacogenomics in the context of tobacco cessation. We found that the majority of participants (92%) were aware of risks associated with tobacco usage and believe it to be a problem within their community (76%). …

Two-Pore Channel-2 And Inositol Trisphosphate Receptors Coordinate Ca2+ Signals Between Lysosomes And The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Yu Yuan, Vikas Arige, Ryo Saito, Qianru Mu, Gabriela C. Brailoiu, Gustavo J.S. Pereira, Stephen R. Bolsover, Marco Keller, Franz Bracher, Christian Grimm, Eugen Brailoiu, Jonathan S. Marchant, David I. Yule, Sandip Patel

College of Pharmacy Faculty Papers

Lysosomes and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are Ca2+ stores mobilized by the second messengers NAADP and IP3, respectively. Here, we establish Ca2+ signals between the two sources as fundamental building blocks that couple local release to global changes in Ca2+. Cell-wide Ca2+ signals evoked by activation of endogenous NAADP-sensitive channels on lysosomes comprise both local and global components and exhibit a major dependence on ER Ca2+ despite their lysosomal origin. Knockout of ER IP3 receptor channels delays these signals, whereas expression of lysosomal TPC2 channels accelerates them. High-resolution Ca2+ imaging reveals elementary events upon TPC2 opening and signals coupled to …