Mental and Social Health Commons^™

A Concept Mapping Needs Assessment Of Young Families With Parental Cancer, Richard P. Durant

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The purpose of this research is to investigate the support needs of young families living with and beyond a parental diagnosis of cancer. The sample includes 56 participants comprised of 31 professional stakeholders and 25 patient stakeholders affiliated with the Charles R. Wood Cancer Center. It was hypothesized there would be differences in how the groups of stakeholders rated needs in terms of importance, satisfaction, and utilization. Differences in ratings are thought to be barriers to effective program development. While not a formal research hypothesis, it was anticipated other program development barriers germane to naturalistic clinical settings would emerge from …

Prenatal Maternal Stress Programs Infant Stress Regulation, Elyssia Poggi Davis, Laura M. Glynn, Feizal Waffarn, Curt A. Sandman

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective: Prenatal exposure to inappropriate levels of glucocorticoids (GCs) and maternal stress are putative mechanisms for the fetal programming of later health outcomes. The current investigation examined the influence of prenatal maternal cortisol and maternal psychosocial stress on infant physiological and behavioral responses to stress.

Methods: The study sample comprised 116 women and their full term infants. Maternal plasma cortisol and report of stress, anxiety and depression were assessed at 15, 19, 25, 31 and 36 + weeks' gestational age. Infant cortisol and behavioral responses to the painful stress of a heel-stick blood draw were evaluated at 24 hours after …

Measuring The Symptom Burden Of Lung Cancer: The Validity And Utility Of The Lung Cancer Module Of The M D Anderson Symptom Inventory, Zhongxing Liao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We conducted a study to establish the psychometric properties of a module of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) developed specifically for patients with lung cancer (MDASI-LC). The MDASI measures 13 common "core" symptoms of cancer and its treatment. The MDASI-LC includes the 13 core MDASI symptom items and three lung cancer-specific items: coughing, constipation, and sore throat. MDASI-LC items were administered to three cohorts of patients with lung cancer undergoing either chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Known-group validity and criterion (concurrent) validity of the MDASI-LC were evaluated using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and the 12-item Short-Form Health …

Students’ Research: Tradition Ahead Of Its Time, Haider A Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

This view point describes the experience of introducing research at an undergraduate level during clinical rotation in psychiatry. Objective of this initiative was to encourage critical thinking, self directed learning and sensitization to mental health issues. This contributed to student learning besides galvanizing their interest in the subject. The opinion piece aims to expose various issues to students’ research in the context of medical education in Pakistan.

Gender Difference In Age At Onset Of Schizophrenia: A Cross Sectional Study From Pakistan, Imama Naqvi, Muhammad Murtaza, Muhammad Ressam Nazir, Haider Ali Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

OBJECTIVE: To validate the effect of gender on age at onset of schizophrenia in a developing country

METHODS: Medical records of 252 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV criteria at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan between 2002 and 2008 were reviewed using a structured questionnaire. Age at onset was defined as age at onset of psychotic symptoms, age at first contact with a health care provider and age at first hospitalization. Socio-demographic variables were reported using descriptive statistics and all measures of age at onset were compared across gender using t-test.

RESULTS: There were 119 women and …

The Role Of Gender In Single Vs Married Individuals With Bipolar Disorder., Daniel Z Lieberman, Suena H Massey, Frederick K Goodwin

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of marriage as a source of social support, it has been largely neglected in studies of bipolar disorder; and differential effects on men and women have not been explored.

METHODS: Data on episodes of depression, mania, and mixed states were collected for the previous 2 years from a sample of 282 bipolar individuals using the National Institute of Mental Health Life Chart Methodology.

RESULTS: Effects unique to women included the following: Bipolar women were significantly more likely to be married. Married women had fewer episodes of depression during the past 2 years than never-married women, and …

A Randomized Comparison Of Online And Paper Mood Charts For People With Bipolar Disorder., Daniel Z Lieberman, Tammas F Kelly, Lanny Douglas, Frederick K Goodwin

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal mood instability is the essential feature of bipolar disorder, however most rating scales are cross sectional in nature, and focus on acute symptoms. By contrast, the NIMH Life Chart Methodology (LCM) characterizes in detail the severity, duration, and frequency of mood episodes. Adherence to daily rating, however, tends to be low. In this study an online version of the LCM, designed to enhance adherence, was compared to the standard paper version.

METHODS: Patients from a mood disorders specialty clinic were randomized to the standard LCM or an online, open-source adaptation. The online version used hypertext links embedded in …

Desvenlafaxine In Major Depressive Disorder: An Evidence-Based Review Of Its Place In Therapy., Daniel Z Lieberman, Suena H Massey

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Desvenlafaxine, the active metabolite of venlafaxine, is a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) recently approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder. It is one of only three medications in this class available in the United States.

AIMS: The objective of this article is to review the published evidence for the safety and efficacy of desvenlafaxine, and to compare it to other antidepressants to delineate its role in the treatment of depression.

EVIDENCE REVIEW: At the recommended dose of 50 mg per day the rate of response and remission was similar to other SNRIs, as was the adverse effect …

Terrorism And Health: The Responsibility Of Intellectuals, Haider A. Naqvi, Syed Faraz Kazim, Shafqat Huma

Department of Psychiatry

No abstract provided.

The Interim Window: Women’S Experiences During In Vitro Fertilization Leading To Maternal Embryo Attachment, Tammy Mackinnon Lampley

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Infertility affects about 7.3 million women and their partners in the U.S., about 12% of the reproductive-age population. In vitro fertilization (IVF) has been used successfully in the United States since 1981. The number of women seeking artificial reproductive techniques (ART) has increased dramatically and the number of ART cycles performed in the United States has more than doubled, from 64,681 in 1996 to 134,260 in 2005 and 99% of these are IVF. Studies indicated that women rank waiting for the outcome of and IVF treatment and a negative pregnancy result as the most stressful events during their treatment. Although …

Emerging Issues In Adolescent Healthcare : An Urgent Call For Action, Waris Qidwai Dr, Tabinda Ashfaq Ashfaq

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Comprehensive Approach To Obesity, Hypertension, And Mental Health Evaluation, Stefan G. Kiessling, Kimberly K. Mcclanahan, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The global epidemic of childhood and adolescent obesity in developing and developed countries has become a major public health concern. Given the relationship between obesity and hypertension as documented in several landmark studies, it is no surprise that, as the prevalence of obesity has increased in the pediatric population, rates of hypertension have also increased substantially. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and stroke; therefore, evaluation and initiation of appropriate treatment are extremely important in the pediatric population. Evaluation for secondary causes of hypertension, including renovascular, renoparenchymal, and endocrine disease, is the approach most …

Evaluation Of Concurrent Medications Pre- And Post Initiation Of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Therapy, Lindsay Pokallus Pharmd, Laurence Karper Md, Jessica Price Pharmd, Bcps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Youth Suicide Prevention In Rural Kentucky, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Youth suicide continues to be one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Nation wide it is the third leading cause of death in the 10-24 year old age group. The rate of suicide varies somewhat from state to state. In the state of Kentucky, youth suicide is the second leading cause of death. This article describes a grass roots, community based program for youth suicide prevention and its impact on the community. The Stop Youth Suicide Campaign was launched in 2000 and included more than 30 local agencies. This program worked through public education, education of …

Quality Of Life And Persons With Intellectual Disability: Can We Measure Qol In This Population?, Søren Ventegodt, Hatim A. Omar, Flemming Struve, Tove K. Nielsen, Isack Kandel, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Quality of life (QOL) has been discussed by professionals working with persons with intellectual disability (ID) for some time, but since QOL is concerned with subjective well-being, satisfaction and happiness, how is it possible to measure, when the person in question is unable to communicate? Consciousness is believed to be an internal and personal thing, but we have done the simple experiment to ask observers to rate QOL of another person, also in sub dimensions like self-assessed physical and mental health, relationship with self, self-assessed sexual ability, self-assessed social ability, and we have found that people are able to assess …

The Role Of The Arts Toward Healing Trauma And Building Resilience In The Palestinian Community, Yousef Al-Ajarma

Expressive Therapies Dissertations

This study has investigated the sources of resilience in a sample of Palestinians who experienced the first Intifada and are now studying in the United States. The study found that family and community support, the pursuit of an education, and participation in artistic activities all contribute to individual resilience among Palestinians. In addition, political awareness and activity are another source of resilience, because they help individuals living under the Occupation to find meaning in their life and make sense of their struggles. Currently, young people in Palestine are at risk of developing psychological trauma from exposure to the violence of …

Mainstreaming Emergency Contraception Pills In Kenya, Jill Keesbury, Monica Wanjiru, Katherine Maina

Reproductive Health

To improve access to emergency contraception (ECP) and ensure that adequate information is provided to all users, the Kenyan Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, the Population Council, and Population Services International-Kenya undertook a three-year effort to mainstream ECP in Kenya. This brief presents the results of this initiative and discusses strategies for further strengthening ECP provision. Kenya has emerged as a leader in ECP programming in the region and has demonstrated that it is possible to strengthen ECP services in both the public and private sectors while at the same time increasing public awareness, knowledge, and use of the …

Community Mobilization For Postabortion Care In Kenya: Baseline Evaluation Report, Chi-Chi Undie, Saumya Ramarao

Reproductive Health

Maternal health complications, including those arising from unsafe abortion and miscarriage, are a leading cause of morbidity among women in Kenya. These realities necessitate interventions to prevent unintended or unwanted pregnancies and to ensure access to quality care for women with postabortion complications. In response to this need, the RESPOND Project designed an intervention package aimed at increasing awareness and use of postabortion care (PAC) services and improving family planning, reproductive health, and maternal health outcomes. As part of the intervention, RESPOND works with districts and communities to: strengthen service delivery points to provide PAC services; conduct community mobilization to …

Psychosocial Correlates Of Insomnia Severity In Primary Care, Daniel Bluestein, Carolyn M. Rutledge, Amanda C. Healey

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Purpose: Insomnia is a substantive primary care issue that leads to adverse outcomes. These can be improved by addressing factors that accentuate insomnia severity. Accordingly, this study identifies correlates of insomnia severity and determines whether these relationships vary with sociodemographic attributes.

Methods: This correlational cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital-sponsored primary care clinic and 2 urban, academic family practice centers. Participants consisted of 236 patients 18 years old or older with clinically significant insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index scores of 7 or more). Surveys instruments included the Insomnia Severity Index, SF-8 (Medical Outcomes Study SF-8 global health status measure), CES-D …

The Impact Of A Mental Health-Related Diagnosis On Readmission Rates For Heart Failure, Ronald S. Freudenberger Md, Carol A. Foltz Phd, Lou A. Lukas Md, Donna F. Petruccelli Crnp, Hannah D. Paxton Rn, Mph, Victoria Sabella Bsn

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Prenatal Beta-Endorphin As An Early Predictor Of Postpartum Depressive Symptoms In Euthymic Women, Ilona S. Yim, Laura M. Glynn, Christine Dunkel Schetter, Calvin J. Hobel, Aleksandra Chicz-Demet, Curt A. Sandman

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

After delivery, many women experience symptoms of postpartum depression (PPD), and early identification of women at risk is therefore important. The opioid peptide [beta]-endorphin has been implicated in non-puerperal depression but its role in the development of PPD is unknown.

Antidepressant-Induced Mania With Concomitant Mood Stabilizer In Patients With Comorbid Substance Abuse And Bipolar Disorder., Daniel Z Lieberman, George Kolodner, Suena H Massey, Kenneth P Williams

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

Antidepressant use in the treatment of bipolar disorder is controversial due the risks of affective switching and cycle acceleration. Studies of non-comorbid samples suggest that the risk can be mitigated with the use of a concomitant mood stabilizer. However, the majority of patients with bipolar disorder will experience a comorbid substance use disorder and little is known about these individuals because they are typically excluded from clinical trials. Patients entering a substance abuse treatment program who had a history of bipolar disorder were interviewed to evaluate antidepressant-induced affective switching with and without concomitant mood stabilizer. Among 41 comorbid participants, the …

Physiological Changes And Participation To Exercise In Older Adults Living In Age Restricted Communities, Mary F. Shaughnessy

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is known that the aging population is more susceptible to musculoskeletal and metabolic disease and would benefit from a regular exercise program. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether older adults (55 years of age and older) participation in a more regular exercise program would increase if there was supervision from a health professional. The second objective was to evaluate whether supervision in a regular exercise program would show physiological benefits. Subjects were recruited from three age-restricted communities; however one community was disregarded due to lack of subjects. A physical activity plan based on the American …

Consanguinity Among The Risk Factors For Underweight In Children Under Five: A Study From Rural Sindh, S. F. Hasnain, S. K. Hashmi

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is a common problem, especially in developing countries. Of the 11 million children under 5 who die each year in the developing countries mainly from preventable causes, the death of about 54% are either directly or indirectly attributable to malnutrition. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence and associated factors for underweight in rural Sindh.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Jhangara Town, located in District Dadu, Sindh. Eight hundred children under 5 years of age were enrolled. A questionnaire was used to elicit required information and anthropometric measurements were made.RESULTS: The overall prevalence for …

Switching And Selecting Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs: Quetiapine, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Ageing Population: Status, Challenges And Opportunities For Health Care Providers In Pakistan, Waris Qidwai Dr

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Urdu Version Of Strengths And Difficulties Questionnaire (Sdq) And The Child Behaviour Check List (Cbcl) Amongst Primary School Children In Karachi, Ehsan Ullah Syed, Sajida Abdul Hussein, Syed Iqbal Azam, Abdul Ghani Khan

Department of Psychiatry

OBJECTIVE: To compare CBCL (Child Behaviour Check Llist) Urdu, with the validated Urdu version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) used as "gold standard" among school children in Karachi, Pakistan, and to develop local cutoffs for CBCL using SDQ as a gold standard.

STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Schools of Karachi metropolitan area from January to December 2006.

METHODOLOGY: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) was completed by parents of 5-11 years old primary school children in Karachi. Appropriate cutoff points for total problem, internalizing and externalizing scales were …

Benzodiazepine: Slow Sand Of Addiction, Haider Naqvi, Sajjad Hussan, Fatema Dossa

Department of Psychiatry

No abstract provided.

Acetabular Morphometry And Prevalence Of Hip Dysplasia In The South Asian Population, Masood Umer, Yasir J. Sepah, Sharjeel Asif, Iqbal Azam Syed, Muhammad Umar Jawad

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

We carried out a cross-sectional study to measure the association of the seven acetabular parameters with pelvic morphometry and prevalence of hip dysplasia in our population. Convenience sampling was carried out and 250 consecutive patients who came to AKUH for intravenous pyelogram and had no complaints in the region of the hip joint were enrolled in the study. Post-micturition standardized plain antero-posterior pelvic radiographs of 250 asymptomatic adults (500 hip joints) was studied. There were 136 males (54.4%) and 114 females (45.6%). Mean age of our study population was 38 years (15-78 years). The average center edge angle was 35.5±6.6° …

Vih Y Alcohol En Arica, Chile: Percepciones De Portadores Y Profesionales, Lena Sessions

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This paper investigated the relationship between alcohol consumption and HIV in Arica, Chile. The objectives of this investigation were to understand the demographics of HIV positive Ariqueños who consume alcohol, and understand their perceptions of alcohol consumption with respect to whether they believed they had a drinking problem, whether they believed that the consumption of alcohol facilitated their contracting HIV, and whether the consumption of alcohol affected their treatment. Although there is no literature that specifically addresses the topic of how HIV positive individuals who consume alcohol perceive their disease, former research suggests that a significant number (25-50%) of individuals …