Sports Medicine Commons^™

Skeletal Muscle Index And Its Association With Mobility Among Community‐Dwelling Older Women, Zbigniew M. Ossowski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Conclusions: The study findings highlight the complaints of people with moderate myopia compared to people without myopia concerning both their quality of life and musculoskeletal problems.

The Quality Of Life, Neck And Shoulder Area Dysfunction And Upper Body Posture Among People With And Without Moderate Myopia, Hanna Kalajas-Tilga, Kuldar Kaljurand, Doris Vahtrik

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The current study aimed to examine the quality of life, dysfunction in the neck area and upper body posture among people with moderate myopia and to analyse the relationship between myopia and upper body posture. Material and methods: ‪Participants were 11 people with moderate myopia (MG) and 11 people without myopia (CG). The general quality of life was evaluated with the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), neck area pain with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and discomfort with the Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ). The National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ25) was used to measure vision-targeted health. Upper …

Purslane Supplementation Lowers Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory And Muscle Damage Biomarkers After High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise In Female Runners, Anis Charkhi Sahl Abad, Amine Ghram, Rahman Soori, Ali Akbarnejad, Fatemeh Azizi Ghuchan, Mohammad Mehdi Zare, Anthony C. Hackney, Stephen J. Bailey

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of purslane supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammation and muscle damage biomarkers after completing high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). Methods: Nine healthy female runners completed a HIIE treadmill protocol comprising 1 min at 100% of the peak treadmill velocity attained in a preliminary exhaustive incremental treadmill test, interspersed by 1 min of passive recovery, until they had run for 2.5 km. Athletes repeated this test following 10 days of supplementation with 1000 mg per day of purslane. Results: At baseline (i.e., absence of purslane supplementation) the HIIE protocol increased 9-HODE (p < 0.001), 13-HODE (p < 0.001), IL-17 (p < 0.001), TNF-α (p < 0.001), and LDH (p < 0.001). After purslane consumption, resting 9-HODE, 13-HODE, IL-17, TNF-α, and LDH were lowered (p < 0.001) and IL-10 was increased (p < 0.001) compared to before purslane supplementation. After purslane consumption and following the HIIE protocol, the responses of these biomarkers were lower compared to baseline (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Ten days of purslane supplementation blunted the perturbation to biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and muscle damage in female runners completing a HIIE protocol.

Static Balance And Proprioception Evaluation In Deaf National Basketball Players, Gamze Cobanoglu, Sinem Suner-Keklik, Cagatay Gokdogan, Nihan Kafa, Seyfi Savas, Nevin A. Guzel

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: ‪Because of the proximity of anatomical structures involved in auditory and vestibular functions, complications concerning the inner ear may lead to problems involving both systems. This study investigated whether static balance and knee proprioception in deaf basketball players are different from those in individuals with normal hearing. Material and methods: ‪12 deaf national basketball players and 13 individuals with normal hearing were included. Static balance was evaluated using the Biodex-BioSway Balance System. Knee proprioception was assessed using a Dualer IQ Digital Inclinometer with the active angle repetition test. Results: ‪The dominant-side mediolateral stability index and non-dominant-side overall, anteroposterior, and …

The Relationship Between Scapular Endurance And Core Endurance In Elite Amputee Football Players, Gurkan Gunaydin

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Body structure constitutes a kinetic chain with thoracolumbar fascia and this chain may induce a relationship between scapular and spinal stabilizers. Amputee soccer players use crutches during the game and, considering that the crutch use may also activate different muscle groups, the possibility of the relationship between scapular and spinal stabilizers becomes important for organizing training programs. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between scapular endurance and core endurance in elite amputee players. Material and methods: Fifteen male amputee national football team players took part in the study. The players’ scapular endurance was evaluated by …

How To Hiit While Pregnant? The Protocol Characteristics And Effects Of High Intensity Interval Training Implemented During Pregnancy – A Systematic Review, Anna Szumilewicz, Rita Santos-Rocha, Aneta Worska, Magdalena Piernicka, Hongli Yu, Simona Pajaujiene, Najmeh-Alsadat Shojaeian, Miguel Angel Oviedo-Caro

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

There is strong scientific evidence that prenatal physical activity of moderate-to-high in-tensity is a prerequisite of the proper course of pregnancy, childbirth and fetus development. How-ever, to date little data have been available on high intensity interval training (HIIT) performed during pregnancy. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review aimed at: first, to characterize HIIT protocols used or planned to be implemented during pregnancy; second, to determine their training effects on participant’s health and obstetric outcomes. We included nine original works and three clinical trials in the analysis. The HIIT protocols substantially differed in terms of the training components (type, …

Reiki For Recovery: Incorporating Japanese Health Practices To Increase Contemporary Resiliency In American Health, Leif Peterson

Master's Projects and Capstones

The Japanese health practice of Reiki attempts to maximize the latent ability of the human system to heal itself. The Reiki system, established over a century ago, combines multiple Asian health traditions, experimenting with practices that maximize the natural processes of the body to perform its own repairs. Reiki encourages healthy behaviors that balance the mind and body, return the human system to a lowered stress level, and allow for an optimal recovery state for the patient. This paper illustrates how this Japanese health-affirming method can be integrated and utilized within existing health and medical practices. An area that is …

Effects Of Message Framing On Parents’ Attitudes Toward Concussion In Youth Sports, Christopher S. Rivera

Student Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the effects of message framing on parents’ attitudes toward concussion in youth sports. One of two digital surveys were sent via email to each of 250 participants. 125 participants received a survey preceded by a negative-framed infographic. The other 125 participants received a survey preceded by a positive-framed infographic. Our analysis shows the framed-message infographics had a negligible effect on parents’ attitudes toward concussion in youth sports. We conclude that regardless of knowledge or understanding of concussions, parents are likely to allow participation in full contact and collision sports. Limitations to this study were primarily stemmed from …

Risk Of Low Energy Availability In National And International Level Paralympic Athletes: An Exploratory Investigation, Kelly Pritchett, Alicia Difolco, Savannah Glasgow, Robert Pritchett, Katy Williams, Trent Stellingwerff, Patricia Roney, Susannah Scaroni, Elizabeth Broad

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the symptoms of low energy availability (LEA) and risk of relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) symptoms in para-athletes using a multi-parameter approach. (2) Methods: National level para-athletes (n = 9 males, n = 9 females) completed 7-day food and activity logs to quantify energy availability (EA), the LEA in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans to assess bone mineral density (BMD), and hormonal blood spot testing. (3) Results: Based on EA calculations, no athlete was at risk for LEA (females < 30 kcal·kg⁻¹ FFM·day⁻¹; and males …

Adolescent Perceptions Of Injury And Pressures Of Returning To Sport: A Retrospective Qualitative Analysis, Jordan J. West, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Jessica Edler, Bradley C. Jackson, Lindsey E. Eberman

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

The increase in sport participation among adolescents has led to the rise in sport-related injuries, many of which have unique characteristics based on the patient, their perceptions, and the pressures faced when returning to sport. The purpose of this study was to identify the underlying factors that contributed to adolescents’ perceptions of injury and the various pressures they experienced when returning to sport. Two themes emerged from the study: support and fear. Support was provided to participants through development, care, and the environment. Fear was the factor that affected the participant in their return to sport, which came in the …

Collegiate Rugby Players' Knowledge Of Concussions, Julia E. Bell

Student Theses and Dissertations

This investigation sought to discover if collegiate rugby players who have had a concussion were more knowledgeable about concussions than the players who had not had a concussion. The investigation also looked at the general amount of knowledge that the collegiate rugby players had about concussions, including the effects and prevention measures. This study was performed using a survey distributed to the Arkansas State University club rugby team. The survey consisted of several questions about concussions, the side effects of concussions, and players’ opinions on prevention and education of concussions. The data collection revealed that there were differing amounts of …

Understanding And Identifying The Knowledge And Attitudes Of High School Coaches On Sport-Related Concussions, Marc A. Mortellaro

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Background and Purpose of the Study: Sport-related concussions are a major public health issue, particularly so in the setting of sports. Sports dominate American culture and with millions of athletes of all ages participating in these sports these athletes predispose themselves to the risks of sport-related concussions. High-school athletes are of particular interest because of the heightened risks of long-term consequences and of particular note second impact syndrome, which is a catastrophic injury primarily reported in the adolescent aged athlete. Appropriate concussion assessment and management is necessary for reducing the possibility of these long- term effects of concussions. Properly trained …

'I Think I'M Gonna Hurl': A Narrative Review Of The Causes Of Nausea And Vomiting In Sport, Patrick B. Wilson

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Exercise-associated gastrointestinal (GI) distress can negatively impact athletic performance and interfere with exercise training. Although there are a few universal underlying causes of GI distress, each symptom often has its own unique triggers and, therefore, its own prevention and management strategies. One of the most troubling GI symptoms an athlete can experience during training and competition is nausea/vomiting. The prevalence of nausea varies with several factors, two of the most important being exercise intensity and duration. Relatively brief, high-intensity exercise (e.g., sprinting, tempo runs) and ultra-endurance exercise are both associated with more frequent and severe nausea. The potential causes of …

Disordered Eating Risk And Body Image Dissatisfaction Of Division I Male And Female Cheerleaders, Christopher Blaszka

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The sport of cheerleading is growing both in the high school and college setting, however there is little research on cheerleaders specifically, both sideline and competitive. It is clear that while this sport does not benefit from being affiliated with the NCAA, the athletes are still at large risk for disordered eating and eating disorders, and are in need of more accurate screening and prevention methods. With the lack of cheerleading studies in general, there is an even larger scarcity of studies that focus on males in cheerleading. The current study aims to fill the gap in the research regarding …

Enhanced Skeletal Muscle Ribosome Biogenesis, Yet Attenuated Mtorc1 And Ribosome Biogenesis-Related Signalling, Following Short-Term Concurrent Versus Single-Mode Resistance Training, Jackson J. Fyfe, David J. Bishop, Jonathan D. Bartlett, Erik D. Hanson, Mitchell J. Anderson, Andrew P. Garnham, Nigel K. Stepto

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Combining endurance training with resistance training (RT) may attenuate skeletal muscle hypertrophic adaptation versus RT alone; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We investigated changes in markers of ribosome biogenesis, a process linked with skeletal muscle hypertrophy, following concurrent training versus RT alone. Twenty-three males underwent eight weeks of RT, either performed alone (RT group, n = 8), or combined with either high-intensity interval training (HIT+RT group, n = 8), or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT+RT group, n = 7). Muscle samples (vastus lateralis) were obtained before training, and immediately before, 1 h and 3 h after the final training session. …

An Epidemiological Look At Injuries Among High School Athletes Participating In A Variety Of Sports For Both Sexes, Emily H. Wills

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Physical activity is part of a healthy lifestyle, but participating in athletic activities like team sports can lead to injury. This study was designed to find the differences in types of high school sports injuries and how frequently these injuries occur among different sports and between males and females. A survey was given to members of the football, boys’ basketball, girls’ basketball, baseball, softball, and volleyball teams of a central Appalachian high school. The highest rate of injury was found in girls’ basketball at 86.7%, followed by football at 85.2%, boys’ basketball at 70.6%, softball and volleyball each at 69.2%, …

Intra And Inter-Rater Reliability And Convergent Validity Of Fit-Hansa In Individuals With Grade П Whiplash Associated Disorder, Michael Pierrynowski, Colleen Mcphee, Saurabh Mehta, Joy C. Macdermid, Anita Gross

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

BACKGROUND: Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WAD) are common following a motor vehicle accident. The Functional Impairment Test - Hand, and Neck/Shoulder/Arm (FIT-HaNSA) assesses upper extremity physical performance. It has been validated in patients with shoulder pathology but not in those with WAD.

OBJECTIVES: Establish the Intra and inter-rater reliability and the known-group and construct validity of the FIT-HaNSA in patients with Grade II WAD (WAD2).

METHODS: Twenty-five patients with WAD2 and 41 healthy controls were recruited. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), cervical range of motion (CROM), and FIT-HaNSA were completed …

Designing A Mechanical Linkage Capable Of Decreasing Force Transfer From The Facemask To The Protective Helmet When Loading Occurs, Levi Hansen

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Introduction

Sports that involve extensive personal contact have a high incidence of injury. The introduction of regulations mandating the use of personal protective equipment in these sports is the most common injury control strategy (Marshall et al., 2002). Negligible attention has been paid to the mechanical linkage between the facemask and helmet as a means of reducing force transfer from the facemask, through the helmet, and to the head and or neck of the athlete.

Methods

A novel prototype mechanical linkage of reasonable simplicity that provides 360° of freedom in motion capable of decreasing force transfer from the facemask to …

Effectiveness Of Improving Performance With The Bigger Faster Stronger In-Season Training Program, Alicia D. Crelinsten

Masters Theses

This study investigated the effectiveness of improving performance of adolescents with the in-season Bigger Faster Stronger (BFS) program. Thirty seven high school athletes were divided into three groups; BFS (n=l4 ), traditional weight training (n= l0), and control (n= 13 ). Each participant went through a battery of seven performance pre-tests and post-tests ( estimated 1 ORM incline bench, broad jump, one minute sit-up test, t-test, line drill, 40 yard sprint, 1.5 mile run). Following the pre-testing, the control group continued to participate in their sport. The BFS group participated in the in-season BFS program (30 minute supervised session consisting …

Temporal And Emg Relationships Among The Phases Of Vertical And Depth Jumps, Amanda Albright

Masters Theses

Plyometric exercises blend speed and strength training and are often used to help an athlete reach his or her ultimate power potential. Specifically, plyometric training is a technique that enhances neuromuscular excitability, which may in tum increase the ability to achieve a greater work output.

The purpose of this study was to examine the temporal and EMG differences between two different jumping techniques: a vertical jump and depth jumps of varying heights. The study consisted of 20 female physical education majors grouped as skilled or unskilled. Temporal and EMG data were collected for (a) the duration of time spent in …

Looking Back: Synthetic Turf And Football Injuries, Allan Mazur, Jennifer Bretsch

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

From the Astrodome to Astro-Turf, the authors revisit the issue of sports injuries and synthetic surfaces. The first in a series of comments exploring historic risk topics.

The Biomechanical Analysis Of Two Types Of Place Kicks: The Toe And Instep Kicks, Kaylynn Albers

Masters Theses

This study described the biomechanical differences between two styles of the place kick; the toe kick and instep kick. The biomechanical variables included joint angles, velocities, and displacements. Five high school age subjects kicked five trials of the toe kick and five trials of the instep kick at both 20 and 35 yards. The place kicks were filmed with a high speed camera, digitized and analyzed with peak 4.2 computer software.

The findings for joint angles were consistent with those found in the literature. The velocity for the kicking foot and the ball were lower in this study than found …

The Effect Of Gymnastic Routines On Blood Pressure And Pulse Rate, Robert Ferguson

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.