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Implementing A Health And Wellness Program For Low Income Children And Their Families: A Community Outreach Program, Kailey Ann Geib, Hannah N. Moland, Emily Nicole Nelson Jan 2021

Implementing A Health And Wellness Program For Low Income Children And Their Families: A Community Outreach Program, Kailey Ann Geib, Hannah N. Moland, Emily Nicole Nelson

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Low income status has been proven to have negative effects on overall health, such as increased prevalence of chronic diseases and poor childhood development (Gupta, de Wit, & McKeown, 2007). Children living in communities of this status often do not have access to healthy foods or exercise facilities in comparison to middle and upper class children (Gupta, de Wit, & McKeown, 2007). Enhancement of education on these topics has the ability to combat the risk for poor health outcomes. A health and wellness program called SMILE was created and implemented at a child care center, called Carol Mathey’s Center for …


Pa School And Relationship Satisfaction, Hannah M. Kerkhof, Rebecca Kornowski Jan 2021

Pa School And Relationship Satisfaction, Hannah M. Kerkhof, Rebecca Kornowski

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Physician assistant programs are rigorous, fast-paced, and time intensive, putting significant stress on PA students themselves and their romantic relationships. Research has been done on the effects of medical school on student mental health and romantic relationships, but there is a lack of research on PA students who undergo a similar didactic education. Determining the relationship between PA school stressors and relationship satisfaction may aid in the development of coping mechanisms for couples, reduce student and partner stress, and improve student well-being. The study revealed students who were married, male, between the ages of 30-39,cohabiting, or in long term relationships …


Assessment Of Medical Experiences Of Hearing Guardians With Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing Children In The Twin Cities, Hannah R. Jaster, Erin R. Rudolph, Melinda Sorensen Jan 2021

Assessment Of Medical Experiences Of Hearing Guardians With Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing Children In The Twin Cities, Hannah R. Jaster, Erin R. Rudolph, Melinda Sorensen

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This paper assesses the medical experiences guardians of deaf or hard of hearing children have after their children are first diagnosed with a hearing loss within the Twin Cities region of Minnesota. Data collection used a mixed methods approach through a survey containing Likert scale questions and opportunities to elaborate on personal experiences. The non-profit organization MN Hands & Voices provided a population qualified to participate in this study who were hearing guardians with a child under ten years old diagnosed within the Twin Cities region of Minnesota. Hearing loss can cause delays in language development if not diagnosed early, …


Diagnosing Dermatological Conditions In The Non-Caucasian Population, Mackenzie M. Mellum, Candace Joyce Nysted, Kassidy E. Westrom Jan 2021

Diagnosing Dermatological Conditions In The Non-Caucasian Population, Mackenzie M. Mellum, Candace Joyce Nysted, Kassidy E. Westrom

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There is currently a lack of resources available on dermatological conditions in the non-Caucasian population; therefore, additional educational materials are needed to supplement the education of healthcare professionals (Ebede & Papier, 2006). The researchers created an educational module with common dermatological conditions, the presentation of various dermatological conditions, and descriptive pictures of how each condition presents in the non-Caucasian population to use as a supplement to the current dermatology modules that are used throughout various health and social science programs at Bethel University in Arden Hills, MN. The topics of the module include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, …


The Effects Of Socialization On The Progression Of Dementia, Caitlyn Hagstrom, Ashley G. Heppner, Katelyn N. Kunde Jan 2021

The Effects Of Socialization On The Progression Of Dementia, Caitlyn Hagstrom, Ashley G. Heppner, Katelyn N. Kunde

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Dementia is an umbrella term for a group of disorders marked by a decline from baseline in memory, executive function, and other cognitive functions such as reasoning, handling complex tasks, and spatial orientation, all of which interferes with activities of daily living and independence (Larson, 2019). Current pharmaceutical management of dementia and related symptoms is limited (Press & Alexander, 2019b). As dementia progresses, the cognitive skills required to maintain social interactions and familial relationships decline, therefore affecting the perceived loneliness and isolation of the person living with dementia. This research was conducted to understand the role of socialization in the …


Early Palliative Care Implementation In Metastatic Lung Cancer Patients: A Quality Improvement Project, Megan Joan Biegler, Erin Hamar, Stephanie Spinolo Jan 2021

Early Palliative Care Implementation In Metastatic Lung Cancer Patients: A Quality Improvement Project, Megan Joan Biegler, Erin Hamar, Stephanie Spinolo

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This was a quality improvement project that will allow improvements to be made in healthcare services offered and the overall health status of Stage IV metastatic lung cancer patients receiving palliative care referrals. Data was collected retrospectively from electronic medical records of Stage IV metastatic lung cancer patients with palliative care referrals between January 2019 and March 2020. The palliative care referrals between January 2019 and August 2019 were given per oncologist discretion in timing compared to August 2019-March 2020 when new patients received nurse navigator driven palliative care referrals immediately upon diagnosis. Data analysis looked at correlations for each …


Mitigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction In The Insulin Resistant Phenotype: A Ketogenic Diet And Intermittent Hypoxia, William Christian Grillo, Joshua Pinson, Bethany K. Tangen Jan 2021

Mitigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction In The Insulin Resistant Phenotype: A Ketogenic Diet And Intermittent Hypoxia, William Christian Grillo, Joshua Pinson, Bethany K. Tangen

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Chronic disease currently affects 45%, nearly half, of all persons in the United States (Raghupathi & Raghupathi, 2018). A systemic, cellular etiology of chronic disease has been proposed: literature supports the mechanism of a universal cell danger response (CDR) (Naviaux, 2019). The hallmark of the CDR, the shift in metabolism to anaerobic glycolysis, is initiated by altered functionality of the mitochondria (Naviaux, 2019). Current research on mitochondrial dysfunction has demonstrated that a hypoxic intervention has successfully increased longevity in mice with mitochondrial dysfunction, but such an intervention has not, to our knowledge, been attempted in humans (Jain et al., 2016). …


Registered Nurse Perception Of Physician Assistants, Erin Renee Alpers, Linda Charles, Kaitlyn Mellesmoen Jan 2020

Registered Nurse Perception Of Physician Assistants, Erin Renee Alpers, Linda Charles, Kaitlyn Mellesmoen

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The physician assistant (PA) profession is a relatively new and ever-growing field within healthcare. PAs serve patients in many different specialties alongside a wide variety of other members of healthcare teams. With the exponential growth of the PA profession the understanding of the role they provide is essential to other healthcare workers. Since the emergence of the PA there has been one study on the relationship between Registered Nurses (RNs) and PAs, and this occurred over thirty years ago. An understanding between team members continues to be key to promoting effective care of patients in healthcare teams. Therefore, the study …


A Community Service Project: Creating Awareness Of Chronic Malnutrition In Guatemalan Children, Mallory A. Beswick, Bree A. Blanchette, Brooke L. Elvehjem Jan 2020

A Community Service Project: Creating Awareness Of Chronic Malnutrition In Guatemalan Children, Mallory A. Beswick, Bree A. Blanchette, Brooke L. Elvehjem

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Guatemala City is home to one of Central America’s largest garbage dumps. Many individuals living in Guatemala City scavenge the dump for recyclables and other goods, that they can then sell for income. Family earnings vary greatly on a daily basis and can range anywhere from approximately $2.00 to $6.00. Since family income is very low and often unpredictable, many families living in the area struggle to supply not only a sufficient amount of food for their children, but also nutritious food needed for proper growth and development. As a result, many children in Guatemala face chronic malnutrition. Transforming Futures, …


Postpartum Depression Education Of Doulas For Incarcerated Women, Tatia Marie Hibbs, Mikaela Reed, Claire Sautner Jan 2020

Postpartum Depression Education Of Doulas For Incarcerated Women, Tatia Marie Hibbs, Mikaela Reed, Claire Sautner

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As of 2017, there were 111,360 females in a state or federal correctional facility (Bronson & Carson, 2019). Many women in prison are mothers with 5-10% being pregnant while imprisoned (Baldwin, Sobolewska, & Capper, 2018). Some programs have started in female prisons with the goal to provide opportunities to nourish relationships with their children and educate on prenatal health, mental and physical health, and parenting skills. One of these organizations is the Minnesota Prison Doula Project (MnPDP) which utilizes the skills of doulas to provide supportive care to the incarcerated women of the Minnesota Correctional Facility-Shakopee (MCF-Shakopee). MCF-Shakopee is the …


Change In Empathy Levels Among Practicing Physician Assistants, Matthew P. Horn, Jacqueline Roff, Lisa Xiong Jan 2020

Change In Empathy Levels Among Practicing Physician Assistants, Matthew P. Horn, Jacqueline Roff, Lisa Xiong

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This research sought to determine whether empathy declined with either increased years of physician assistant (PA) clinical experience or increased years of pre-PA healthcare experience (HCE). Although there has been an abundance of research examining empathy level trends among healthcare providers, most of these studies have looked at student empathy and not empathy level changes among practicing healthcare providers. However, among clinical healthcare providers, burnout trends with increasing years of experience (Smith, 2018) and a decline in empathy (Wilkinson, Wittington, Perry, & Eames, 2017); therefore, this project examined the link between years of practice and empathy decline. This cross-sectional study …


Vaping Education In The Adolescent Population, Megan M. Meinders, Morgan Sauvage, Shania Scheidt, Alexa Trakalo Jan 2020

Vaping Education In The Adolescent Population, Megan M. Meinders, Morgan Sauvage, Shania Scheidt, Alexa Trakalo

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The prevalence of e-cigarette use in the United States is drastically rising, deeming vaping an epidemic. With the surge in the use of e-cigarettes, cases of e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) are simultaneously increasing. The most common tobacco product used among adolescents are e-cigarettes, posing serious concerns regarding health consequences. Adolescents are unaware of the potential harmful effects of e-cigarette use, due to the lack of vaping education provided in high school curriculums.The purpose of this research project is to educate high school students about the harmful effects of e-cigarette use. The need for vaping education was …


Hunger Solutions Market Bucks Program Improvement In The Rural Setting: A Research Project, Kollin D. Michels, Nicholas S. Reich, Jeffrey D. Sandquist Jan 2020

Hunger Solutions Market Bucks Program Improvement In The Rural Setting: A Research Project, Kollin D. Michels, Nicholas S. Reich, Jeffrey D. Sandquist

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Food insecurity – a lack of food required for a healthy and productive life – affects approximately 150 million households in the United States alone (Coleman-Jensen, Rabbit, Gregory, & Singh, 2018). The implications of this are numerous – as individuals who are “food insecure” have a statistically increased risk of numerous health conditions and disorders. In an effort to combat the burden of food insecurity, organizations such as the Supplemental Assistance and Nutrition Program (SNAP) have been created to provide increased access to food items. Furthermore, numerous state organizations have developed additional programs, which incentivize SNAP users to purchase nutrient …


The Need For A Physical Therapy Clinic In Pucallpa, Peru, Isabella M. Sutton, Abby M. Waldek, Brylie M. Wiedmaier Jan 2020

The Need For A Physical Therapy Clinic In Pucallpa, Peru, Isabella M. Sutton, Abby M. Waldek, Brylie M. Wiedmaier

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In developing countries, complications from traumatic injuries account for a significantly higher number of deaths annually compared to developed countries. Not only are traumatic injuries more likely to occur in developing countries, but limited access to quality healthcare and adequate funds to pay for services make it much more likely for individuals to be left with lifelong disabilities. With that, this community service project worked with Scalpel at the Cross (SATC), an orthopedic medical ministry based in Pucallpa, Peru to expand their ability to provide free orthopedic surgeries and physical therapy following traumatic injuries. The community service project will help …


Opioid Knowledge, Confidence, And Concern Of Bethel University Physician Assistant Students, Lealand A. Torgerson, Travis A. Williams Jan 2020

Opioid Knowledge, Confidence, And Concern Of Bethel University Physician Assistant Students, Lealand A. Torgerson, Travis A. Williams

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With more than 130 people dying daily, 47,000 overdose-related deaths per year, and $55 billion in societal costs, the opioid epidemic is producing widespread, catastrophic consequences on the population and healthcare system. Healthcare providers report high concern and lack of confidence that their training prepared them adequately to manage chronic pain with opioid therapy. There is insufficient evidence determining whether educating healthcare providers on opioid prescribing guidelines leads to improved knowledge, confidence, and a decrease in concern. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, confidence, and concern of 2020 Bethel University physician assistant (PA) students of opioid …


Enhancing The Effectiveness Of Special Olympics Minnesota’S Health Promotion Programming, Avery R. Bajema, Laura Marie Hayes, Kelsey B. Kostreba, Shelly Winslow Jan 2019

Enhancing The Effectiveness Of Special Olympics Minnesota’S Health Promotion Programming, Avery R. Bajema, Laura Marie Hayes, Kelsey B. Kostreba, Shelly Winslow

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Nearly 3% of the world’s population have an intellectual disability. A link exists between intellectual disability and higher rates of chronic and preventable diseases, which is partially attributed to lack of health education geared toward individuals with intellectual disability. Health promotion programs can provide health-related resources and education. Health promotion programs are often standardized, making it challenging to meet the various learning needs of individuals with intellectual disability. Special Olympics is the largest organization that provides health-related programming for those with intellectual disability. In Minnesota, the Special Olympics branch known as Health Promotion has reported difficulty with meeting the goal …


Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: Physician Assistants' Perspectives, Understandings, And Ethical Considerations, Sarah K. Barnes, Samantha J. Caron, Claire E. Johnson Jan 2019

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: Physician Assistants' Perspectives, Understandings, And Ethical Considerations, Sarah K. Barnes, Samantha J. Caron, Claire E. Johnson

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While factors contributing to rates of approval and disapproval of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) have been studied at length, the perspective of Physician Assistants’ (PA) approval and disapproval of PGD has not been studied, nor the common reasons why PAs approve or disapprove of PGD. The first goal of this study was to identify approval and disapproval rates of PGD amongst PAs. The next goal was to identify common reasons PAs approve or disapprove of PGD utilization. Members of the California Academy of Physician Assistants [CAPA (CA)] and Kansas Academy of Physician Assistants [KAPA (KS)] completed an adapted, electronic survey …


A Qualitative Examination Of Vaccine Hesitancy Among Mothers, Alicia L. Benner, Annie Vasterling, Teia Wolter Jan 2019

A Qualitative Examination Of Vaccine Hesitancy Among Mothers, Alicia L. Benner, Annie Vasterling, Teia Wolter

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Vaccine hesitancy describes the reluctance to vaccinate or the delay of vaccines (World Health Organization [WHO], 2017a). Various factors contribute to vaccine hesitancy for patients (Salmon, Dudley, Glanz, & Somer, 2015), and multiple sources are used by patients to gain vaccine information (Salmon et al., 2015), making it difficult for healthcare providers to address vaccine hesitancy. This research was conducted to identify factors that cause mothers to be vaccine hesitant and information sources used to support the mothers’ vaccination beliefs. Phone interviews were conducted with twelve vaccine hesitant mothers. Participants were asked if the following factors contributed to their vaccine …


An Overview Of Diabetes And Community Health Concerns In Guatemala, Jennifer A. Davidson, Halie M. Higgins, Alex Krona, Danny R. Luna Jan 2019

An Overview Of Diabetes And Community Health Concerns In Guatemala, Jennifer A. Davidson, Halie M. Higgins, Alex Krona, Danny R. Luna

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a worldwide epidemic in recent years. Rates of this disease continue to rise annually. While many countries have adequate access to prevent and treat T2DM, developing countries often lack education and resources to combat the diabetes epidemic. This shortcoming results in alarming rates of uncontrolled T2DM cases among individuals in developing countries, namely, Guatemala. Additionally, the lack of resources in Guatemala results in a myriad of other health disparities beyond T2DM including deficiencies in sanitation and adequate nutrition. This community service project specifically aims to address the disproportionate burden of T2DM, sanitation, …


Nutrition Education For The Underserved Youth Within The Greater Twin Cities Area Through The Insports Foundation, Paige D. Deters, Allison Kaper, Maura Romanshek Jan 2019

Nutrition Education For The Underserved Youth Within The Greater Twin Cities Area Through The Insports Foundation, Paige D. Deters, Allison Kaper, Maura Romanshek

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It has been examined that poor access to nutritious foods and limited opportunities for physical activity is prevalent among children from underserved families. These deficiencies contribute to increasing childhood obesity rates and emphasize the need for early interventions. Establishing nutritional literacy and understanding the importance of an active lifestyle in early childhood can lead to long-term health benefits and reduction in chronic disease later in life (HHS & USDA, 2015; Tsai et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2011). The InSports Foundation serves as a comprehensive non-profit organization that addresses many of these issues by providing children from underserved families with …


Identification Of Medical Distress By Washington County Correctional Officers: A Community Service Project, Laura Driscoll, Lauren Gimmestad, Mary Gritton Jan 2019

Identification Of Medical Distress By Washington County Correctional Officers: A Community Service Project, Laura Driscoll, Lauren Gimmestad, Mary Gritton

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Throughout the United States incidence of suicide, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and drug withdrawal is increasing. Not only are these issues prevalent in the general population, but are also a regular cause of medical distress within the walls of correctional facilities (Centers for Disease Control, 2017b). At Washington County Jail, correctional officers are often the first responders in cases of medical distress (R. Heinin, personal communication, October 16th, 2018). It is for this reason that correctional officers are required to undergo mandatory training regarding medical care. The Washington County Jail Commander felt that current correctional officer training could be improved upon …


A Community Outreach Project Addressing Mental Health, Obesity, And Asthma In Underserved Saint Paul Youth, Anna Ehnstrom, Ellie Hoopman, Caitlin Olson Jan 2019

A Community Outreach Project Addressing Mental Health, Obesity, And Asthma In Underserved Saint Paul Youth, Anna Ehnstrom, Ellie Hoopman, Caitlin Olson

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Due to a lack of resources, awareness, and reinforcement of information, underserved youth are predisposed to unique health concerns. The health disparities prevalent among children living in poverty are many, but the topics of focus for this community outreach project include mental health, obesity, and asthma. Supplemental health education curriculum has the potential to alleviate the health disparities prevalent among such a vulnerable population (Thomas & Aggleton, 2016). To address the health disparities present specifically among underserved youth in St. Paul, MN, the group partnered with the after-school tutoring program at Central Baptist Church to provide education on the topics …


Smoking In The Homeless Population: Implementation Of A Smoking Cessation Program At The Union Gospel Mission Men’S Campus In St. Paul, Minnesota, Benjamin James Hageman, Chandler R. Hutton, Matthew Schull, Nathaniel Van Loon Jan 2019

Smoking In The Homeless Population: Implementation Of A Smoking Cessation Program At The Union Gospel Mission Men’S Campus In St. Paul, Minnesota, Benjamin James Hageman, Chandler R. Hutton, Matthew Schull, Nathaniel Van Loon

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The health consequences of smoking disproportionately impact the homeless population. The homeless population has a higher rate of smoking (70%) than the general population (21%) and has a 5-fold decrease in smoking cessation success rates (Baggett & Rigotti, 2010). However, the percentage of homeless smokers who wish to quite is comparable with non-homeless populations (84% to 82% respectively) (Baggett, Lebrun-Harris, & Rigotti, 2013). The purpose of this community service project was to alleviate some of the smoking cessation barriers that homeless populations face, allowing them to pursue better health and greater independence. By partnering with the homeless shelter, Union Gospel …


Prevalence Of Mental Health Stigma Among Practicing Pas In Regard To Personal Experience And Patient Exposure, Bailey J. Hanson, Allison Hoy, Madeline Lieberson Jan 2019

Prevalence Of Mental Health Stigma Among Practicing Pas In Regard To Personal Experience And Patient Exposure, Bailey J. Hanson, Allison Hoy, Madeline Lieberson

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Stigmatizing attitudes can be destructive to both the emotional and physical wellbeing of individuals living with mental illness. In fact, individuals with a mental illness are more likely to be seen as responsible for their illness and more likely to be falsely accused of a violent crime (Rüsch, Angermeyer, & Corrigan, 2005). Current research on mental health stigma in healthcare has involved a variety of occupations, but published research has yet to examine stigma held by physician assistants (PAs). This research study attempted to answer the following question: What effect, if any, does personal experience with a family member, friend, …


Significance Of Spirituality Among Individuals With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Carlee N. Hunter, Sarah E. Kivisto Jan 2019

Significance Of Spirituality Among Individuals With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Carlee N. Hunter, Sarah E. Kivisto

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Previous literature has demonstrated a relationship between spirituality and positive health outcomes in the general population. However, little research has been done on the role spirituality plays in the lives of individuals with DD (intellectual and developmental disabilities). The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of spirituality in IDD individuals and involvement in spiritual activities. This was done with the goal of identifying potential barriers preventing the optimal practice of spirituality in the lives of those with disabilities. This study targeted IDD individuals living in a residential group home setting by collaborating with ACR Homes, a residential …


Understanding Public Perception Of Telemedicine, Carolyn Majkrzak, Sarah Strenke, Katie Vraspir Jan 2019

Understanding Public Perception Of Telemedicine, Carolyn Majkrzak, Sarah Strenke, Katie Vraspir

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The healthcare system in the United States is struggling to meet the needs of a growing patient population amidst the burden of provider shortages and rising costs, where no simple or easy answer exists. However, telemedicine has emerged as a possible solution with well documented benefits such as increasing provider coverage and saving costs. Despite the proven benefits, many people do not use telemedicine and there is little data to answer why it is underutilized. Therefore, this study sought to understand the public’s perception of telemedicine service. It was hypothesized that gender, age, number of children in the household, education …


Education And Support For Patients And Families With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: A Community Service Project, Dulcey Amaia Milek, Emily Josephine Petersen, Aimie Beth Seehafer Jan 2019

Education And Support For Patients And Families With Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: A Community Service Project, Dulcey Amaia Milek, Emily Josephine Petersen, Aimie Beth Seehafer

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With any chronic illness, there may be difficulties that arise such as symptom control, medical management, and resource and support availability. In addition, pediatric populations may require more complex care due to the child’s continuing development, the need for family involvement, and the eventual transition into adult healthcare. With that, the purpose of the community service project was to provide education and support for families living with pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD), a chronic illness that affects children worldwide. By working with the National Kidney Foundation (NKF), the research team was able to build an educational track for the pediatric …


Patient Disclosure Of Complementary And Alternative Medicine And The Patient-Provider Relationship, Kathryn V. Ortmann, Norsha Scheil, Thomas Stearns Jan 2019

Patient Disclosure Of Complementary And Alternative Medicine And The Patient-Provider Relationship, Kathryn V. Ortmann, Norsha Scheil, Thomas Stearns

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Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States, with notable usage of supplements, deep breathing exercises, and chiropractic care. Despite this influx of CAM, nearly half of patients do not report their CAM use to their medical provider (Jou & Johnson, 2016). Disclosing these practices to a medical provider is pertinent to patient safety, as a number of potential drug interactions and side effects are associated with different CAM practices. Current literature illustrates specific provider attributes help facilitate an open dialogue with patients, or more specifically, a positive patient-provider relationship. This research study examines if …


The Effect Of Patient Education On Oral Contraceptive Adherence Rates, Brook M. Anderson, Anmol G. Clairmont, Lydia Lutz Jan 2019

The Effect Of Patient Education On Oral Contraceptive Adherence Rates, Brook M. Anderson, Anmol G. Clairmont, Lydia Lutz

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We would like to acknowledge our project chair, Jeanne Szarzynski, PA-C, for dedicating her time, expertise, leadership and patience to truly guide the success of our research project. We appreciate her incredible insight, knowledge and skill in literature as well as clinical research to support our research project. Recognition to Barbara Leafblad, CNM, is also appropriate for her time and effort as a reader throughout the project. A very special thank you is appropriated to Lisa Naser, PA-C, and Wallace Boeve, PA-C, for lending their time and professional skills to editing this paper and providing invaluable feedback, with their help, …


Anxiety Reduction Among Washington County Jail Inmates: A Community Service Project, Tyler J. Back, Laura Bakke, Daniel Cuppy Jan 2018

Anxiety Reduction Among Washington County Jail Inmates: A Community Service Project, Tyler J. Back, Laura Bakke, Daniel Cuppy

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The general principle of anxiety has been thoroughly studied in many populations and shown to have variable underlying etiology, partially related to abnormalities in brain chemistry as well as unfamiliar or uncomfortable social situations. The role of environmental factors pertaining to anxiety is the particular interest of this community service project, to which the research team and the staff of the Washington County Jail have focused the efforts of this community service project in improving and reducing anxiety levels among Washington County Jail inmates.The research team and the staff of the Washington County Jail identified the use of pharmacologic agents …