Pediatrics Commons^™

Efficacy And Safety Of Lumasiran For Infants And Young Children With Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1: 12-Month Analysis Of The Phase 3 Illuminate-B Trial, Wesley Hayes, David J Sas, Daniella Magen, Hadas Shasha-Lavsky, Mini Michael, Anne-Laure Sellier-Leclerc, Julien Hogan, Taylor Ngo, Marianne T Sweetser, John M Gansner, Tracy L Mcgregor, Yaacov Frishberg

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare genetic disease that causes progressive kidney damage and systemic oxalosis due to hepatic overproduction of oxalate. Lumasiran demonstrated efficacy and safety in the 6-month primary analysis period of the phase 3, multinational, open-label, single-arm ILLUMINATE-B study of infants and children < 6 years old with PH1 (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03905694 (4/1/2019); EudraCT: 2018-004,014-17 (10/12/2018)). Outcomes in the ILLUMINATE-B extension period (EP) for patients who completed ≥ 12 months on study are reported here.

METHODS: Of the 18 patients enrolled in the 6-month primary analysis period, all entered the EP and completed ≥ 6 additional months of lumasiran treatment (median (range) duration of total exposure, 17.8 (12.7-20.5) months).

RESULTS: Lumasiran treatment was previously reported to reduce spot urinary oxalate:creatinine ratio by 72% at month 6, …

Altered Lateralization Of The Cingulum In Deployment-Related Traumatic Brain Injury: An Enigma Military-Relevant Brain Injury Study, Emily L Dennis, Mary R Newsome, Hannah M Lindsey, Maheen Adamson, Tara A Austin, Seth G Disner, Blessen C Eapen, Carrie Esopenko, Carol E Franz, Elbert Geuze, Courtney Haswell, Sidney R Hinds, Cooper B Hodges, Andrei Irimia, Kimbra Kenney, Inga K Koerte, William S Kremen, Harvey S Levin, Rajendra A Morey, John Ollinger, Jared A Rowland, Randall S Scheibel, Martha E Shenton, Danielle R Sullivan, Leah D Talbert, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Maya Troyanskaya, William C Walker, Xin Wang, Ashley L Ware, John Kent Werner, Wright Williams, Paul M Thompson, David F Tate, Elisabeth A Wilde

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in military populations can cause disruptions in brain structure and function, along with cognitive and psychological dysfunction. Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) can detect alterations in white matter (WM) microstructure, but few studies have examined brain asymmetry. Examining asymmetry in large samples may increase sensitivity to detect heterogeneous areas of WM alteration in mild TBI. Through the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics Through Meta-Analysis Military-Relevant Brain Injury working group, we conducted a mega-analysis of neuroimaging and clinical data from 16 cohorts of Active Duty Service Members and Veterans (n = 2598). dMRI data were processed together along with …

Admixture Mapping In African Americans Identifies New Risk Loci For Hcv-Related Cirrhosis, Hyun-Seok Kim, Priya B Shetty, Spiridon Tsavachidis, Jing Dong, Christopher I Amos, Hashem B El-Serag, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cirrhosis is the main predisposing condition for hepatocellular carcinoma. Host genetic risk factors have been reported for cirrhosis; however, whether there is a genetic contribution to racial disparities in cirrhosis requires further investigation.

METHODS: We used an affected-only mapping by admixture linkage disequilibrium analysis to characterize the genetic risk of cirrhosis in 227 African American patients with cirrhosis genotyped at 19,804 ancestry-informative marker single nucleotide polymorphisms. We additionally performed analyses stratified by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection status. To replicate our findings, we conducted a case-control analysis in an external study population (452 cases and 196 controls). …

In-Hospital Mortality Risk Stratification In Children Aged Under 5 Years With Pneumonia With Or Without Pulse Oximetry: A Secondary Analysis Of The Pneumonia Research Partnership To Assess Who Recommendations (Prepare) Dataset, Shubhada Hooli, Carina King, Eric D Mccollum, Tim Colbourn, Norman Lufesi, Charles Mwansambo, Christopher J Gregory, Somsak Thamthitiwat, Clare Cutland, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Marta C Nunes, Bradford D Gessner, Tabish Hazir, Joseph L Mathew, Emmanuel Addo-Yobo, Noel Chisaka, Mumtaz Hassan, Patricia L Hibberd, Prakash Jeena, Juan M Lozano, William B Macleod, Archana Patel, Donald M Thea, Ngoc Tuong Vy Nguyen, Syed Ma Zaman, Raul O Ruvinsky, Marilla Lucero, Cissy B Kartasasmita, Claudia Turner, Rai Asghar, Salem Banajeh, Imran Iqbal, Irene Maulen-Radovan, Greta Mino-Leon, Samir K Saha, Mathuram Santosham, Sunit Singhi, Shally Awasthi, Ashish Bavdekar, Monidarin Chou, Pagbajabyn Nymadawa, Jean-William Pape, Glaucia Paranhos-Baccala, Valentina Sanchez Picot, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Vanessa Rouzier, Graciela Russomando, Mariam Sylla, Philippe Vanhems, Jianwei Wang, Sudha Basnet, Tor A Strand, Mark I Neuman, Luis Martinez Arroyo, Marcela Echavarria, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Nitya Wadhwa, Rakesh Lodha, Satinder Aneja, Angela Gentile, Mandeep Chadha, Siddhivinayak Hirve, Kerry-Ann F O'Grady, Alexey W Clara, Chris A Rees, Harry Campbell, Harish Nair, Jennifer Falconer, Linda J Williams, Margaret Horne, Shamim A Qazi, Yasir Bin Nisar, Pneumonia Research Partnership To Assess Who Recommendations (Prepare) Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: We determined the pulse oximetry benefit in pediatric pneumonia mortality risk stratification and chest-indrawing pneumonia in-hospital mortality risk factors.

METHODS: We report the characteristics and in-hospital pneumonia-related mortality of children aged 2-59 months who were included in the Pneumonia Research Partnership to Assess WHO Recommendations dataset. We developed multivariable logistic regression models of chest-indrawing pneumonia to identify mortality risk factors.

RESULTS: Among 285,839 children, 164,244 (57.5%) from hospital-based studies were included. Pneumonia case fatality risk (CFR) without pulse oximetry measurement was higher than with measurement (5.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.6-5.9% vs 2.1%, 95% CI 1.9-2.4%). One in five …

Functional Effects Of Disease-Associated Variants Reveal That The S1-M1 Linker Of The Nmda Receptor Critically Controls Channel Opening, Lingling Xie, Miranda J Mcdaniel, Riley E Perszyk, Sukhan Kim, Gerarda Cappuccio, Kevin A Shapiro, Beatriz Muñoz-Cabello, Pedro A Sanchez-Lara, Katheryn Grand, Jing Zhang, Kelsey A Nocilla, Rehan Sheikh, Lluis Armengol, Roberta Romano, Tyler Mark Pierson, Hongjie Yuan, Scott J Myers, Stephen F Traynelis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The short pre-M1 helix within the S1-M1 linker (also referred to as the pre-M1 linker) between the agonist-binding domain (ABD, S1) and the M1 transmembrane helix of the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) is devoid of missense variants within the healthy population but is a locus for de novo pathogenic variants associated with neurological disorders. Several de novo variants within this helix have been identified in patients presenting early in life with intellectual disability, developmental delay, and/or epilepsy. In this study, we evaluated functional properties for twenty variants within the pre-M1 linker in GRIN1, GRIN2A, and GRIN2B genes, including six novel missense …

Relationships Among Biochemical Measures In Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Nicole S Glaser, Michael J Stoner, Maria Y Kwok, Kimberly S Quayle, Kathleen M Brown, Jeff E Schunk, Jennifer L Trainor, Julie K Mcmanemy, Leah Tzimenatos, Arleta Rewers, Lise E Nigrovic, Jonathan E Bennett, Sage R Myers, Mckenna Smith, T Charles Casper, Nathan Kuppermann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: Investigating empirical relationships among laboratory measures in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) can provide insights into physiological alterations occurring during DKA. We determined whether alterations in laboratory measures during DKA conform to theoretical predictions.

METHODS: We used Pearson correlation statistics and linear regression to investigate correlations between blood glucose, electrolytes, pH and PCO2 at emergency department presentation in 1,681 pediatric DKA episodes. Among children with repeat DKA episodes, we also assessed correlations between laboratory measures at the first vs. second episode.

RESULTS: pH and bicarbonate levels were strongly correlated (r=0.64), however, pH and PCO2 were only loosely correlated (r=0.17). …

Soybean Gmsaul1, A Bona Fide U-Box E3 Ligase, Negatively Regulates Immunity Likely Through Repressing The Activation Of Gmmpk3, Jun-Mei Li, Mei-Yan Ye, Chaofeng Wang, Xiao-Han Ma, Ni-Ni Wu, Chen-Li Zhong, Yanjun Zhang, Ninghui Cheng, Paul A Nakata, Lirong Zeng, Jian-Zhong Liu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

E3 ubiquitin ligases play important roles in plant immunity, but their role in soybean has not been investigated previously. Here, we used Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV)-mediated virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to investigate the function of GmSAUL1 (Senescence-Associated E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 1) homologs in soybean. When two closely related SAUL1 homologs were silenced simultaneously, the soybean plants displayed autoimmune phenotypes, which were significantly alleviated by high temperature, suggesting that GmSAUL1a/1b might be guarded by an R protein. Interestingly, silencing GmSAUL1a/1b resulted in the decreased activation of GmMPK6, but increased activation of GmMPK3 in response to flg22, …

Interleukins, Chemokines, And Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Ligands In The Pathogenesis Of West Nile Virus Infection, Emna Benzarti, Kristy O Murray, Shannon E Ronca

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that can lead to encephalitis and death in susceptible hosts. Cytokines play a critical role in inflammation and immunity in response to WNV infection. Murine models provide evidence that some cytokines offer protection against acute WNV infection and assist with viral clearance, while others play a multifaceted role WNV neuropathogenesis and immune-mediated tissue damage. This article aims to provide an up-to-date review of cytokine expression patterns in human and experimental animal models of WNV infections. Here, we outline the interleukins, chemokines, and tumor necrosis factor superfamily ligands associated with WNV infection and …

Catalyzing Next-Generation Artificial Intelligence Through Neuroai, Anthony Zador, Sean Escola, Blake Richards, Bence Ölveczky, Yoshua Bengio, Kwabena Boahen, Matthew Botvinick, Dmitri Chklovskii, Anne Churchland, Claudia Clopath, James Dicarlo, Surya Ganguli, Jeff Hawkins, Konrad Körding, Alexei Koulakov, Yann Lecun, Timothy Lillicrap, Adam Marblestone, Bruno Olshausen, Alexandre Pouget, Cristina Savin, Terrence Sejnowski, Eero Simoncelli, Sara Solla, David Sussillo, Andreas S Tolias, Doris Tsao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Neuroscience has long been an essential driver of progress in artificial intelligence (AI). We propose that to accelerate progress in AI, we must invest in fundamental research in NeuroAI. A core component of this is the embodied Turing test, which challenges AI animal models to interact with the sensorimotor world at skill levels akin to their living counterparts. The embodied Turing test shifts the focus from those capabilities like game playing and language that are especially well-developed or uniquely human to those capabilities - inherited from over 500 million years of evolution - that are shared with all animals. Building …

Human Schistosomiasis Vaccines As Next Generation Control Tools, Peter J Hotez, Maria Elena Bottazzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Post Hoc Analysis Examining Symptom Severity Reduction And Symptom Absence During Food Challenges In Individuals Who Underwent Oral Immunotherapy For Peanut Allergy: Results From Three Trials, Katharina Blumchen, Andreas Kleinheinz, Ludger Klimek, Kirsten Beyer, Aikaterini Anagnostou, Christian Vogelberg, Sergejus Butovas, Robert Ryan, David Norval, Stefan Zeitler, George Du Toit

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: Peanut allergy and its current management, involving peanut avoidance and use of rescue medication during instances of accidental exposure, are burdensome to patients and their caregivers and can be a source of stress, uncertainty, and restriction. Physicians may also be frustrated with a lack of effective and safe treatments other than avoidance in the current management of peanut allergy. Efficacy, determined using double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFCs), of oral immunotherapy with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp (PTAH; Palforzia

METHODS: Symptom data recorded during screening and/or exit DBPCFCs from participants aged 4 to 17 years receiving PTAH or placebo were …

A Comprehensive And Integrative Approach To Mecp2 Disease Transcriptomics, Alexander J Trostle, Lucian Li, Seon-Young Kim, Jiasheng Wang, Rami Al-Ouran, Hari Krishna Yalamanchili, Zhandong Liu, Ying-Wooi Wan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mutations in MeCP2 result in a crippling neurological disease, but we lack a lucid picture of MeCP2's molecular role. Individual transcriptomic studies yield inconsistent differentially expressed genes. To overcome these issues, we demonstrate a methodology to analyze all modern public data. We obtained relevant raw public transcriptomic data from GEO and ENA, then homogeneously processed it (QC, alignment to reference, differential expression analysis). We present a web portal to interactively access the mouse data, and we discovered a commonly perturbed core set of genes that transcends the limitations of any individual study. We then found functionally distinct, consistently up- and …

Child Weight Status: The Role Of Feeding Styles And Highly Motivated Eating In Children, Maria A Papaioannou, Thomas G Power, Teresia M O'Connor, Jennifer O Fisher, Nilda E Micheli, Sheryl O Hughes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Although parental feeding plays an important role in child eating and weight status, high food motivation among children may also be a factor shaping how feeding impacts child weight. This study explored whether individual differences in preschool children’s food motivation interacted with mothers’ feeding styles in predicting subsequent child weight status. Participants included 129 Hispanic Head Start mother/child dyads. Data were collected at ages 4–5 years (Time 1) and 7–9 (Time 3). Staff measured heights/weights and observed children in an eating in the absence of hunger task. Mothers reported on feeding styles/practices and children’s eating behaviors. A principal components analysis …

Association Of Qaca/B And Smr Carriage With Staphylococcus Aureus Survival Following Exposure To Antiseptics In An Ex Vivo Venous Catheter Disinfection Model, J Chase Mcneil, Lauren M Sommer, Jesus G Vallejo, Kristina G Hulten, Sheldon L Kaplan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Many health care centers have reported an association between Staphylococcus aureus isolates bearing efflux pump genes and an elevated MIC/minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) to chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and other antiseptics. The significance of these organisms is uncertain, given that their MIC/MBC is typically far lower than the CHG concentration in most commercial preparations. We sought to evaluate the relationship between carriage of the efflux pump genes qacA/B and smr in S. aureus and the efficacy of CHG-based antisepsis in a venous catheter disinfection model. S. aureus isolates with and without smr and/or qacA/B were utilized. The CHG MICs were determined. …

Hyperoxia Disrupts Lung Lymphatic Homeostasis In Neonatal Mice, Nithyapriya Shankar, Shyam Thapa, Amrit Kumar Shrestha, Poonam Sarkar, M Waleed Gaber, Roberto Barrios, Binoy Shivanna

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Inflammation causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a common lung disease of preterm infants. One reason this disease lacks specific therapies is the paucity of information on the mechanisms regulating inflammation in developing lungs. We address this gap by characterizing the lymphatic phenotype in an experimental BPD model because lymphatics are major regulators of immune homeostasis. We hypothesized that hyperoxia (HO), a major risk factor for experimental and human BPD, disrupts lymphatic endothelial homeostasis using neonatal mice and human dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs). Exposure to 70% O2 for 24–72 h decreased the expression of prospero homeobox 1 (Prox1) and …

Novel And Replicated Clinical And Genetic Risk Factors For Toxicity From High-Dose Methotrexate In Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Mark Zobeck, M Brooke Bernhardt, Kala Y Kamdar, Karen R Rabin, Philip J Lupo, Michael E Scheurer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Methotrexate (MTX) is a key component of treatment for high-risk pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) but may cause acute kidney injury and prolonged hospitalization due to delayed clearance. The purpose of this study is to identify clinical and genetic factors that may predict which children are at risk for creatinine increase and prolonged MTX clearance.

DESIGN: We conducted a single-center, retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients with ALL who received 4000-5000 mg/m

MAIN RESULTS: Hispanic ethnicity, body mass index (BMI) < 3%, BMI between 85%-95%, and Native American genetic ancestry were found to be associated with an increased risk for creatinine elevation. Older age, Black race, and use of the intensive monitoring protocol were associated with a decreased risk for creatinine elevation. Older age, B- compared to T-ALL, and the minor alleles of rs2838958/SLC19A1 and rs7317112/ABCC4 were associated with an increased risk for delayed clearance. Black race, MTX dose reduction, and the minor allele of rs2306283/SLCO1B1 were found to be associated with a decreased risk for delayed clearance.

CONCLUSIONS: These predictors of MTX toxicities may allow for more precise individualized toxicity risk prediction.

Prevalence And Predictors Of Using Antibiotics Without A Prescription In A Pediatric Population In The United States, Kiara Olmeda, Barbara W Trautner, Lindsey Laytner, Juanita Salinas, Stephanie Marton, Larissa Grigoryan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Non-prescription antibiotic use (using antibiotics without clinical guidance) increases the risk of the development of antibiotic resistance, adverse drug reactions, and other potential patient harm. Few studies have explored non-prescription use in children in the U.S. From January 2021 to April 2022, a diverse sample of caregivers of children under 18 years were surveyed in English and Spanish at two safety net clinics in Texas. We assessed the prevalence of antibiotic use in children in the previous 12 months, storage of antimicrobials, and intended use of non-prescription antibiotics (professed intention for future non-prescription antibiotic use). We also measured sociodemographic factors, …

Thoracolumbar Scoliosis In Pediatric Patients With Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: A Case Series, Melissa A Lopresti, Prazwal Athukuri, A Basit Khan, Marc Prablek, Rajan Patel, Rory Mayer, David F Bauer, Frank T Gerow, Shaine A Morris, Sandi Lam, Vijay Ravindra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a genetic connective tissue disorder that predominantly affects cardiovascular, skeletal, and craniofacial structures. Associated thoracolumbar scoliosis in LDS can be challenging to manage, though other etiologies of pediatric scoliosis have better-defined management guidelines. We examined our institutional experience regarding the treatment of pediatric patients with LDS and scoliosis. Methodology In this retrospective study, all patients seen at our pediatric tertiary care center from 2004 through 2018 with a diagnosis of LDS were reviewed, and those with radiographic diagnoses of scoliosis (full-length scoliosis X-rays) were included. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic parameters were collected, and management strategies …

Urinary Cd163 Is A Marker Of Active Kidney Disease In Childhood-Onset Lupus Nephritis, Haleigh Inthavong, Kamala Vanarsa, Jessica Castillo, M John Hicks, Chandra Mohan, Scott E Wenderfer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of urine CD163 for detecting disease activity in childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) patients.

METHODS: Sixty consecutive pediatric patients fulfilling four or more ACR criteria for SLE and 20 healthy controls were recruited for testing of urinary CD163 using ELISA. SLE disease activity was assessed using the SLEDAI-2K.

RESULTS: Urine CD163 was significantly higher in patients with active LN than inactive SLE patients and healthy controls, with receiver operating characteristics area under the curve values ranging from 0.93 to 0.96. LN was ascertained by kidney biopsy. Levels of CD163 significantly correlated …

Urine Complement Factor Ba Is Associated With Aki In Critically Ill Children, Erin K Stenson, Charles L Edelstein, Zhiying You, Shinobu Miyazaki-Anzai, Joshua M Thurman, Bradley P Dixon, Michael Zappitelli, Stuart L Goldstein, Ayse Akcan Arikan, Jessica Kendrick

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

KEY POINTS: Complement activation, specifically factor B, is implicated in AKI pathogenesis in animal models. Urine Ba (an activation fragment of factor B) was significantly higher in critically ill children with stage 3 AKI and sepsis-AKI. If larger studies show similar association between urine Ba and AKI severity, clinical trials of factor B inhibition are warranted.

BACKGROUND:: Critically ill children with AKI have high morbidity and mortality rates and lack treatment options. Complement activation is implicated in AKI pathogenesis, which could be treated with complement-targeted therapeutics. We assessed for an association between urine Ba, an activation fragment of the alternative …

Systemic Inflammatory Markers And Eeg Features Of Children With Fires Receiving Anakinra, Yi-Chen Lai, Gabriella Abou-El-Kheir, Thao Nguyen, Margo Hanerhoff, James J Riviello, Eyal Muscal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In a retrospective case series of 10 children with cryptogenic FIRES, we sought to describe the early clinical course and potential biomarkers following anakinra initiation. Six children achieved anesthetic withdrawal within 3 weeks of therapy and one in week four. Of the available cEEG (six children), CRP (10 children), and serum cytokine (six children) studies, there were temporal changes in highly epileptiform bursts (observed in three children), CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 levels that might parallel clinical progression. These observations may represent candidate biomarkers for monitoring clinical progression and therapeutic interventions including anakinra, which merits further investigation in future studies.

Community-Onset Bacterial Coinfection In Children Critically Ill With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection, Kristin L Moffitt, Mari M Nakamura, Cameron C Young, Margaret M Newhams, Natasha B Halasa, J Nelson Reed, Julie C Fitzgerald, Philip C Spinella, Vijaya L Soma, Tracie C Walker, Laura L Loftis, Aline B Maddux, Michele Kong, Courtney M Rowan, Charlotte V Hobbs, Jennifer E Schuster, Becky J Riggs, Gwenn E Mclaughlin, Kelly N Michelson, Mark W Hall, Christopher J Babbitt, Natalie Z Cvijanovich, Matt S Zinter, Mia Maamari, Adam J Schwarz, Aalok R Singh, Heidi R Flori, Shira J Gertz, Mary A Staat, John S Giuliano, Saul R Hymes, Katharine N Clouser, John Mcguire, Christopher L Carroll, Neal J Thomas, Emily R Levy, Adrienne G Randolph

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Community-onset bacterial coinfection in adults hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is reportedly uncommon, though empiric antibiotic use has been high. However, data regarding empiric antibiotic use and bacterial coinfection in children with critical illness from COVID-19 are scarce.

METHODS: We evaluated children and adolescents agedadmission, we adjudicated whether patients had community-onset bacterial coinfection. We compared demographic and clinical characteristics of those who did and did not (1) receive antibiotics and (2) have bacterial coinfection early in admission. Using Poisson regression models, we assessed factors associated with these outcomes.

RESULTS: Of the 532 patients, 63.3% received empiric antibiotics, but …

Peripheral Nerve Stimulation: A New Horizon For Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injury, A Case Report, Christian Vangeison, Colton Reeh, Daniel Briggi, Royce Copeland, Loc Lam, Ryan D'Souza, Abdulhammeed Qashqary, Emanuel Narcis Husu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The management of traumatic brachial plexus injury is challenging. Treatment options consisting of physical therapy, pharmacologic therapy, and injection therapy often provide inadequate analgesia. Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has emerged as a potential therapy for treatment of pain related to brachial plexus injury.

Case report: We present a case of a 37-year-old man with painful ballistic trauma to multiple cords of the left brachial plexus refractory to medications and therapies. The patient was treated with a temporary 60-day PNS targeting the brachial plexus providing 90% improvement in pain intensity persisting 7 months postintervention.

Conclusions: The case supports the efficacy …

Covid-19 Induced Environments, Health-Related Quality Of Life Outcomes And Problematic Behaviors: Evidence From Children With Syndromic Autism Spectrum Disorders, Corneliu Bolbocean, Kayla B Rhidenour, Maria Mccormack, Bernhard Suter, J Lloyd Holder

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Between July 2020 and January 2021, 230 principal caregivers completed a questionnaire to measure proxy-assessed health-related quality of life outcomes (HRQoL), behavioral outcomes in children with syndromic autism spectrum disorders and COVID-19 induced changes to lifestyle and environments. HRQoL and behavioral outcomes reported earlier during the pandemic were generally worse compared to those reported later. COVID-19 induced reduction to a caregiver's mental health appointments, and hours spent watching TV were associated with decreases in HRQoL and increased the likelihood of problematic behaviors. Increasing time outdoors and time away from digital devices were positively associated with HRQoL and behaviors and might …

Pediatric Consultation-Liaison Psychology: Insights And Lessons Learned During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Nicole M Schneider, Dara M Steinberg, Andrea M Garcia, Jessy Guler, Emily Mudd, A Monica Agoston, Katherine N Schwartzkopf, Kristin A Kullgren, Laura Judd-Glossy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

COVID-19 has presented a variety of challenges to the provision of psychology services. In the first month of the pandemic, pediatric consultation-liaison (CL) psychologists reported significant changes in methodology of service delivery (Steinberg et al. in Clin Pract Pediatr Psychol 9:1, 2020). To better understand how and if these changes persisted, as well as other emerging trends, a follow-up study examined changes and challenges six months into the pandemic. An anonymous questionnaire assessed topics related to pediatric CL psychology including practice changes, perception of changes, and institutional support. The questionnaire was sent to the APA Society of Pediatric Society's special …

Child Abuse Pediatrics Research Network: The Capnet Core Data Project, Joanne N Wood, Kristine A Campbell, James D Anderst, Angela N Bachim, Rachel P Berger, Kent P Hymel, Nancy S Harper, Megan M Letson, John D Melville, Oluwatimilehin Okunowo, Daniel M Lindberg

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Examine the epidemiology of subspecialty physical abuse evaluations within CAPNET, a multicenter child abuse pediatrics research network.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of children(in-person or remote) by a child abuse pediatrician (CAP) due to concerns for physical abuse at ten CAPNET hospital systems from February 2021 through December 2021.

RESULTS: Among 3667 patients with 3721 encounters, 69.4% wereold; 44.3%old, 59.1% male; 27.1% Black; 57.8% White, 17.0% Hispanic; and 71.0 % had public insurance. The highest level of care was outpatient/emergency department in 60.7%, inpatient unit in 28.0% and intensive care in 11.4%. CAPs performed 79.1% in-person consultations and …

Sars-Cov-2 Variants Offer A Second Chance To Fix Vaccine Inequities, Peter J Hotez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Global COVID-19 vaccine equity remains aspirational for much of the world. But the emergence of rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants provides new opportunities to correct past public policies, support local vaccine production and combat rising anti-vaccine aggression.

Case Report: Exposure To Relapsing Fever Group Borreliae In Patients With Undifferentiated Febrile Illness In Mexico, Edwin Vázquez-Guerrero, Guadalupe Gordillo-Pérez, Nora Ríos-Sarabia, Job E Lopez, J Antonio Ibarra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Relapsing fever (RF) borreliosis is a neglected disease in Mexico. A retrospective serological survey using diagnostic antigens GlpQ and BipA from Borrelia turicatae was performed to evaluate human exposure to RF borreliae. Seventy serum samples were used from a cohort of patients with undifferentiated febrile illness in Mexico. Four samples were positive to GlpQ and three to BipA. Results indicate that RF borreliae continue to circulate in regions of Mexico and pose a risk to human health.

Initial Evidence For Reliable And Valid Use Of Scores On The 8-Item Econ-Qol Short Form To Measure Economic Quality Of Life In Caregivers Of Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury, Noelle E Carlozzi, Christopher Graves, Jonathan P Troost, Michael A Kallen, David S Tulsky, Robin A Hanks, Phillip A Ianni, Jennifer A Miner, Angelle M Sander

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To provide reliability and validity data to support the clinical utility of Economic Quality of Life Measure (Econ-QOL) scores in caregivers of civilians and service members/veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey study.

SETTING: Three academic medical centers and a Veterans Affairs treatment facility.

PARTICIPANTS: 376 caregivers of civilians (n=213) and service members/veterans (n=163) with TBI (N=376).

INTERVENTIONS: N/A.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Econ-QOL and several patient-reported outcome measures (Traumatic Brain Injury Caregiver Quality of Life Caregiver-Specific Anxiety and Caregiver Strain, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System sleep-related impairment, Neurological Quality of Life Measurement System positive affect and well-being) …

Clinical Characteristics, Impairment, And Psychiatric Morbidity In 102 Youth With Misophonia, Andrew G Guzick, Matti Cervin, Eleanor E A Smith, Jane Clinger, Isabel Draper, Wayne K Goodman, Marijn Lijffijt, Nicholas Murphy, Adam B Lewin, Sophie C Schneider, Eric A Storch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: There is little information on the clinical presentation, functional impact, and psychiatric characteristics of misophonia in youth, an increasingly recognized syndrome characterized by high emotional reactivity to certain sounds and associated visual stimuli.

METHOD: One-hundred-two youth (8-17 years-old) with misophonia and their parents were recruited and compared with 94 youth with anxiety disorders. Participants completed validated assessments of misophonia severity, quality of life, as well as psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses.

RESULTS: The most common misophonia triggers included eating (96 %), breathing (84 %), throat sounds (66 %), and tapping (54 %). Annoyance/irritation, verbal aggression, avoidance behavior, and family impact …