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Articles 151 - 180 of 227
Full-Text Articles in Pediatrics
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, P. W. Speiser
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, P. W. Speiser
Journal Articles
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia associated with deficiency of steroid 21-hydroxylase is the most common inborn error in adrenal function and the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency in the pediatric age group. As patients now survive into adulthood, adult health-care providers must also be familiar with this condition. Over the past several years, F1000 has published numerous commentaries updating research and practical guidelines for this condition. The purposes of this review are to summarize basic information defining congenital adrenal hyperplasia and to highlight current knowledge and controversies in management.
Comparing Segmented Asl Perfusion Of Vascular Territories Using Manual Versus Semiautomated Techniques In Children With Sickle Cell Anemia, K. J. Helton, J. O. Glass, W. E. Reddick, A. Paydar, A. R. Zandieh, R. Dave, M. P. Smeltzer, S. Wu, B. Aygun, R. J. Ogg, +1 Additional Author
Comparing Segmented Asl Perfusion Of Vascular Territories Using Manual Versus Semiautomated Techniques In Children With Sickle Cell Anemia, K. J. Helton, J. O. Glass, W. E. Reddick, A. Paydar, A. R. Zandieh, R. Dave, M. P. Smeltzer, S. Wu, B. Aygun, R. J. Ogg, +1 Additional Author
Journal Articles
PURPOSE: Elevated cerebral blood flow (CBF) in sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an adaptive pathophysiologic response associated with decreased vascular reserve and increased risk for ischemia. We compared manual (M) and semiautomated (SA) vascular territory delineation to facilitate standardized evaluation of CBF in children with SCA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: ASL perfusion values from 21 children were compared for gray matter and white matter (WM) in vascular territories defined by M and SA delineation. SA delineated CBF was compared with clinical and hematologic variables acquired within 4 weeks of the MRI. RESULTS: CBF measurements from M (MCA 82 left, 79 right) …
High Incidence Of Noonan Syndrome Features Including Short Stature And Pulmonic Stenosis In Patients Carrying Nf1 Missense Mutations Affecting P.Arg1809: Genotype-Phenotype Correlation, K. Rojnueangnit, J. Xie, A. Gomes, A. Sharp, T. Callens, Y. Chen, Y. Liu, M. Cochran, M. G. Bialer, L. Messiaen, +63 Additional Authors
High Incidence Of Noonan Syndrome Features Including Short Stature And Pulmonic Stenosis In Patients Carrying Nf1 Missense Mutations Affecting P.Arg1809: Genotype-Phenotype Correlation, K. Rojnueangnit, J. Xie, A. Gomes, A. Sharp, T. Callens, Y. Chen, Y. Liu, M. Cochran, M. G. Bialer, L. Messiaen, +63 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most frequent genetic disorders, affecting 1:3,000 worldwide. Identification of genotype-phenotype correlations is challenging because of the wide range clinical variability, the progressive nature of the disorder, and extreme diversity of the mutational spectrum. We report 136 individuals with a distinct phenotype carrying one of five different NF1 missense mutations affecting p.Arg1809. Patients presented with multiple cafe-au-lait macules (CALM) with or without freckling and Lisch nodules, but no externally visible plexiform neurofibromas or clear cutaneous neurofibromas were found. About 25% of the individuals had Noonan-like features. Pulmonic stenosis and short stature were significantly …
Growth And Tolerance Of Preterm Infants Fed A New Extensively Hydrolyzed Liquid Human Milk Fortifier, J. H. Kim, G. Chan, R. Schanler, S. Groh-Wargo, B. Bloom, R. Dimmit, L. Williams, G. Baggs, B. Barrett-Reis
Growth And Tolerance Of Preterm Infants Fed A New Extensively Hydrolyzed Liquid Human Milk Fortifier, J. H. Kim, G. Chan, R. Schanler, S. Groh-Wargo, B. Bloom, R. Dimmit, L. Williams, G. Baggs, B. Barrett-Reis
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
[In Time: Human Milk Is The Feeding Strategy To Prevent Necrotizing Enterocolitis], R. J. Schanler
[In Time: Human Milk Is The Feeding Strategy To Prevent Necrotizing Enterocolitis], R. J. Schanler
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Inherited Disorders Of Bilirubin Clearance, N. Memon, B. I. Weinberger, T. Hegyi, L. M. Aleksunes
Inherited Disorders Of Bilirubin Clearance, N. Memon, B. I. Weinberger, T. Hegyi, L. M. Aleksunes
Journal Articles
Inherited disorders of hyperbilirubinemia may be caused by increased bilirubin production or decreased bilirubin clearance. Reduced hepatic bilirubin clearance can be due to defective (i) unconjugated bilirubin uptake and intrahepatic storage, (ii) conjugation of glucuronic acid to bilirubin (e.g., Gilbert syndrome, Crigler-Najjar syndrome, Lucey-Driscoll syndrome, breast milk jaundice), (iii) bilirubin excretion into bile (Dubin-Johnson syndrome), or (iv) conjugated bilirubin re-uptake (Rotor syndrome). In this review, the molecular mechanisms and clinical manifestations of these conditions are described, as well as current approaches to diagnosis and therapy.Pediatric Research (2015); doi:10.1038/pr.2015.247.
Interactions Between Plasmodium Falciparum Skeleton-Binding Protein 1 And The Membrane Skeleton Of Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cells, L. M. Kats, N. I. Proellocks, D. W. Buckingham, L. Blanc, J. Hale, X. Guo, X. Pei, S. Herrmann, E. G. Hanssen, B. M. Cooke, +3 Additional Authors
Interactions Between Plasmodium Falciparum Skeleton-Binding Protein 1 And The Membrane Skeleton Of Malaria-Infected Red Blood Cells, L. M. Kats, N. I. Proellocks, D. W. Buckingham, L. Blanc, J. Hale, X. Guo, X. Pei, S. Herrmann, E. G. Hanssen, B. M. Cooke, +3 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
During development inside red blood cells (RBCs), Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites export proteins that associate with the RBC membrane skeleton. These interactions cause profound changes to the biophysical properties of RBCs that underpin the often severe and fatal clinical manifestations of falciparum malaria. P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) is one such exported parasite protein that plays a major role in malaria pathogenesis since its exposure on the parasitised RBC surface mediates their adhesion to vascular endothelium and placental syncytioblasts. En route to the RBC membrane skeleton, PfEMP1 transiently associates with Maurer's clefts (MCs), parasite-derived membranous structures in the …
Predictors Of Resolution And Persistence Of Renal Laboratory Abnormalities In Pediatric Hiv Infection, C. D. Mitchell, M. C. Chernoff, G. R., 3rd Seage, M. U. Purswani, H. M. Spiegel, G. Zilleruelo, C. Abitbol, B. Heckman, J. M. Oleske, V. Bonagura, Impaact 219/219c Study Team
Predictors Of Resolution And Persistence Of Renal Laboratory Abnormalities In Pediatric Hiv Infection, C. D. Mitchell, M. C. Chernoff, G. R., 3rd Seage, M. U. Purswani, H. M. Spiegel, G. Zilleruelo, C. Abitbol, B. Heckman, J. M. Oleske, V. Bonagura, Impaact 219/219c Study Team
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected youth, the role of renal disease (RD) and its management has become increasingly important as these children/adolescents mature into young adults. The identification of predictors of abnormal renal laboratory events (RLE) may be helpful in the management of their HIV infection and its associated renal complications. METHODS: Data collected from HIV-infected youth followed for >/= 48 months were analyzed to identify predictors of resolution versus persistence of RLE and determine the utility of RLE to predict the onset of RD. Analysis included descriptive and inferential methods using a multivariable extended Cox proportional hazards model. …
Prevention Of Conversion To Abnormal Tcd With Hydroxyurea In Sickle Cell Anemia: A Phase Iii International Randomized Clinical Trial, J. S. Hankins, M. B. Mccarville, A. Rankine-Mullings, M. E. Reid, C. L. Lobo, P. G. Moura, S. Ali, D. Soares, B. Aygun, R. E. Ware, +7 Additional Authors
Prevention Of Conversion To Abnormal Tcd With Hydroxyurea In Sickle Cell Anemia: A Phase Iii International Randomized Clinical Trial, J. S. Hankins, M. B. Mccarville, A. Rankine-Mullings, M. E. Reid, C. L. Lobo, P. G. Moura, S. Ali, D. Soares, B. Aygun, R. E. Ware, +7 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Children with sickle cell anemia (SCA) and conditional transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound velocities (170-199 cm/sec) may develop stroke. However, with limited available clinical data, the current standard of care for conditional TCD velocities is observation. The efficacy of hydroxyurea in preventing conversion from conditional to abnormal TCD (>/=200 cm/sec), which confers a higher stroke risk, has not been studied prospectively in a randomized trial. Sparing Conversion to Abnormal TCD Elevation (SCATE #NCT01531387) was an NHLBI-funded Phase III multicenter international clinical trial comparing alternative therapy (hydroxyurea) to standard care (observation) to prevent conversion from conditional to abnormal TCD velocity in …
Prkag2 Mutation: An Easily Missed Cardiac Specific Non-Lysosomal Glycogenosis, V. Aggarwal, N. Dobrolet, S. Fishberger, J. Zablah, P. Jayakar, Z. Ammous
Prkag2 Mutation: An Easily Missed Cardiac Specific Non-Lysosomal Glycogenosis, V. Aggarwal, N. Dobrolet, S. Fishberger, J. Zablah, P. Jayakar, Z. Ammous
Journal Articles
Mutations in PRKAG2 gene that regulates the gamma2 subunit of the adenosine monophosphate (AMP) dependent protein kinase have been associated with the development of atrioventricular (AV) accessory pathways, cardiac hypertrophy, and conduction system abnormalities. These patients can potentially be misdiagnosed as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) and/or Wolf-Parkinson White (WPW) syndrome due to similar clinical phenotype. Early recognition of this disease entity is very important as ablation of suspected accessory pathways is not effective and the natural history of the disease is very different from HOCM and WPW syndrome.
Therapeutic Phlebotomy Is Safe In Children With Sickle Cell Anaemia And Can Be Effective Treatment For Transfusional Iron Overload, B. Aygun, N. A. Mortier, K. Kesler, A. Lockhart, W. H. Schultz, A. R. Cohen, O. Alvarez, Z. R. Rogers, J. L. Kwiatkowski, R. E. Ware, +4 Additional Authors
Therapeutic Phlebotomy Is Safe In Children With Sickle Cell Anaemia And Can Be Effective Treatment For Transfusional Iron Overload, B. Aygun, N. A. Mortier, K. Kesler, A. Lockhart, W. H. Schultz, A. R. Cohen, O. Alvarez, Z. R. Rogers, J. L. Kwiatkowski, R. E. Ware, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Serial phlebotomy was performed on sixty children with sickle cell anaemia, stroke and transfusional iron overload randomized to hydroxycarbamide in the Stroke With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea trial. There were 927 phlebotomy procedures with only 33 adverse events, all of which were grade 2. Among 23 children completing 30 months of study treatment, the net iron balance was favourable (-8.7 mg Fe/kg) with significant decrease in ferritin, although liver iron concentration remained unchanged. Therapeutic phlebotomy was safe and well-tolerated, with net iron removal in most children who completed 30 months of protocol-directed treatment.
Recurrent Gain Of Function Mutation In Calcium Channel Cacna1h Causes Early-Onset Hypertension With Primary Aldosteronism, U. I. Scholl, G. Stolting, C. Nelson-Williams, A. A. Vichot, M. Choi, E. Loring, M. L. Prasad, G. Goh, C. B. Sethna, R. P. Lifton, +11 Additional Authors
Recurrent Gain Of Function Mutation In Calcium Channel Cacna1h Causes Early-Onset Hypertension With Primary Aldosteronism, U. I. Scholl, G. Stolting, C. Nelson-Williams, A. A. Vichot, M. Choi, E. Loring, M. L. Prasad, G. Goh, C. B. Sethna, R. P. Lifton, +11 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Many Mendelian traits are likely unrecognized owing to absence of traditional segregation patterns in families due to causation by de novo mutations, incomplete penetrance, and/or variable expressivity. Genome-level sequencing can overcome these complications. Extreme childhood phenotypes are promising candidates for new Mendelian traits. One example is early onset hypertension, a rare form of a global cause of morbidity and mortality. We performed exome sequencing of 40 unrelated subjects with hypertension due to primary aldosteronism by age 10. Five subjects (12.5%) shared the identical, previously unidentified, heterozygous CACNA1H(M1549V) mutation. Two mutations were demonstrated to be de novo events, and all mutations …
Safety And Clinical Activity Of Elosulfase Alfa In Pediatric Patients With Morquio A Syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis Iva) Less Than 5 Years, S. A. Jones, M. Bialer, R. Parini, K. Martin, H. Wang, K. Yang, A. J. Shaywitz, P. Harmatz
Safety And Clinical Activity Of Elosulfase Alfa In Pediatric Patients With Morquio A Syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis Iva) Less Than 5 Years, S. A. Jones, M. Bialer, R. Parini, K. Martin, H. Wang, K. Yang, A. J. Shaywitz, P. Harmatz
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that elosulfase alfa has a favorable efficacy/safety profile in Morquio A patients aged >/=5 years. This study evaluated safety and impact on urine keratan sulfate (uKS) levels and growth velocity in younger patients. METHODS: Fifteen Morquio A patients aged/kg/week for 52 weeks during the primary treatment phase of a phase II, open-label, multinational study. Primary endpoint was safety and tolerability, secondary endpoints were change in uKS and growth velocity over 52 weeks. RESULTS: All 15 patients completed the primary treatment phase. Six of 743 infusions (0.8%) administered led to adverse events (AEs) requiring infusion interruption …
Tat-Hsp70 Attenuates Experimental Lung Injury, M. M. Lyons, N. N. Raj, J. L. Chittams, L. Kilpatrick, C. S. Deutschman
Tat-Hsp70 Attenuates Experimental Lung Injury, M. M. Lyons, N. N. Raj, J. L. Chittams, L. Kilpatrick, C. S. Deutschman
Journal Articles
Sepsis, a poorly understood syndrome of disordered inflammation, is the leading cause of death in critically ill patients. Lung injury, in the form of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is the most common form of organ injury in sepsis. The heat shock response, during which heat shock proteins (HSPs) are expressed, is an endogenous mechanism to protect cells from injury. We have found that the abundance of pulmonary HSP70 is not increased after cecal ligation and double puncture (CLP) in a rat model of sepsis-induced ARDS. Using the HIV-1 trans-activator of transcription (TAT) cell-penetrating protein, we enhanced HSP70 protein abundance …
A Self-Paced Oral Feeding System That Enhances Preterm Infants' Oral Feeding Skills, C. Lau, S. Fucile, R. J. Schanler
A Self-Paced Oral Feeding System That Enhances Preterm Infants' Oral Feeding Skills, C. Lau, S. Fucile, R. J. Schanler
Journal Articles
AIM: Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants have difficulty transitioning to independent oral feeding, be they breast- or bottle-feeding. We developed a 'self-paced' feeding system that eliminates the natural presence of the positive hydrostatic pressure and internal vacuum build-up within a bottle during feeding. Such system enhanced these infants' oral feeding performance as monitored by overall transfer (OT; % ml taken/ml prescribed), rate of transfer (RT; ml/min over an entire feeding). This study hypothesizes that the improvements observed in these infants resulted from their ability to use more mature oral feeding skills (OFS). METHODS: 'Feeders and growers' born between 26-29 …
Therapeutic Hypothermia After Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Children, F. W. Moler, F. S. Silverstein, R. Holubkov, B. S. Slomine, J. R. Christensen, V. M. Nadkarni, K. L. Meert, C. L. Schleien, J. M. Dean, +35 Additional Authors
Therapeutic Hypothermia After Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Children, F. W. Moler, F. S. Silverstein, R. Holubkov, B. S. Slomine, J. R. Christensen, V. M. Nadkarni, K. L. Meert, C. L. Schleien, J. M. Dean, +35 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Therapeutic hypothermia is recommended for comatose adults after witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but data about this intervention in children are limited. METHODS: We conducted this trial of two targeted temperature interventions at 38 children's hospitals involving children who remained unconscious after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Within 6 hours after the return of circulation, comatose patients who were older than 2 days and younger than 18 years of age were randomly assigned to therapeutic hypothermia (target temperature, 33.0 degrees C) or therapeutic normothermia (target temperature, 36.8 degrees C). The primary efficacy outcome, survival at 12 months after cardiac arrest with a …
Use Of Serogroup B Meningococcal Vaccines In Persons Aged >= 10 Years At Increased Risk For Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease: Recommendations Of The Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices, 2015, T. Folaranmi, L. Rubin, S. W. Martin, M. Patel, J. R. Macneil
Use Of Serogroup B Meningococcal Vaccines In Persons Aged >= 10 Years At Increased Risk For Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease: Recommendations Of The Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices, 2015, T. Folaranmi, L. Rubin, S. W. Martin, M. Patel, J. R. Macneil
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Yellow Fever Vaccine Booster Doses: Recommendations Of The Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices, 2015, J. E. Staples, J. A. Bocchini, L. Rubin, M. Fischer
Yellow Fever Vaccine Booster Doses: Recommendations Of The Advisory Committee On Immunization Practices, 2015, J. E. Staples, J. A. Bocchini, L. Rubin, M. Fischer
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Choledochal Cyst Mimicking Gallbladder With Stones In A Six-Year-Old With Right-Sided Abdominal Pain, R. Subramony, N. Kittisarapong, I. Barata, M. Nelson
Choledochal Cyst Mimicking Gallbladder With Stones In A Six-Year-Old With Right-Sided Abdominal Pain, R. Subramony, N. Kittisarapong, I. Barata, M. Nelson
Journal Articles
Choledochal cysts are rare but serious bile duct abnormalities are found in young children, usually during the first year of life.1 They require urgent surgical intervention due to the risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma.2 Clinicians should consider this diagnosis and perform a point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) when a child presents to the emergency department (ED) with findings of jaundice, abdominal pain, and the presence of an abdominal mass. We present the case of a six-year-old child presenting only with abdominal pain upon arrival to our ED and was ultimately diagnosed by POCUS to have a choledochal cyst.
Effects Of Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells On Neonatal Neutrophils, I. Khan, L. Zhang, M. Mohammed, F. E. Archer, J. Abukharmah, Z. Yuan, S. S. Rizvi, M. G. Melek, B. Weinberger, A. M. Vetrano, +2 Additional Authors
Effects Of Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells On Neonatal Neutrophils, I. Khan, L. Zhang, M. Mohammed, F. E. Archer, J. Abukharmah, Z. Yuan, S. S. Rizvi, M. G. Melek, B. Weinberger, A. M. Vetrano, +2 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as autologous therapy for inflammatory diseases in neonates. MSCs from umbilical cord Wharton's jelly (WJ-MSCs) are accessible, with high proliferative capacity. The effects of WJ-MSCs on neutrophil activity in neonates are not known. We compared the effects of WJ-MSCs on apoptosis and the expression of inflammatory, oxidant, and antioxidant mediators in adult and neonatal neutrophils. METHODS: WJ-MSCs were isolated, and their purity and function were confirmed by flow cytometry. Neutrophils were isolated from cord and adult blood by density centrifugation. The effects of neutrophil/WJ-MSC co-culture on apoptosis and gene and protein expression …
The Erythroblastic Island As An Emerging Paradigm In The Anemia Of Inflammation, J. Hom, B. M. Dulmovits, N. Mohandas, L. Blanc
The Erythroblastic Island As An Emerging Paradigm In The Anemia Of Inflammation, J. Hom, B. M. Dulmovits, N. Mohandas, L. Blanc
Journal Articles
Terminal erythroid differentiation occurs in the bone marrow, within specialized niches termed erythroblastic islands. These functional units consist of a macrophage surrounded by differentiating erythroblasts and have been described more than five decades ago, but their function in the pathophysiology of erythropoiesis has remained unclear until recently. Here we propose that the central macrophage in the erythroblastic island contributes to the pathophysiology of anemia of inflammation. After introducing erythropoiesis and the interactions between the erythroblasts and the central macrophage within the erythroblastic islands, we will discuss the immunophenotypic characterization of this specific subpopulation of macrophages. We will then integrate these …
Judging Quality Of Current Septic Shock Definitions And Criteria, M. Shankar-Hari, G. Bertolini, F. M. Brunkhorst, R. Bellomo, D. Annane, C. S. Deutschman, M. Singer
Judging Quality Of Current Septic Shock Definitions And Criteria, M. Shankar-Hari, G. Bertolini, F. M. Brunkhorst, R. Bellomo, D. Annane, C. S. Deutschman, M. Singer
Journal Articles
Septic shock definitions are being revisited. We assess the feasibility, reliability, and validity characteristics of the current definitions and criteria of septic shock. Septic shock is conceptualised as cardiovascular dysfunction, tissue perfusion and cellular abnormalities caused by infection. Currently, for feasibility, septic shock is identified at the bedside by using either hypotension or a proxy for tissue perfusion/cellular abnormalities (e.g., hyperlactatemia). We propose that concurrent presence of cardiovascular dysfunction and perfusion/cellular abnormalities could improve validity of septic shock diagnosis, as we are more likely to identify a patient population with all elements of the illness concept. This epidemiological refinement should …
Mutations In Ddx3x Are A Common Cause Of Unexplained Intellectual Disability With Gender-Specific Effects On Wnt Signaling, L. Snijders Blok, E. Madsen, J. Juusola, C. Gilissen, D. Baralle, M. R. Reijnders, H. Venselaar, J. Fox, J. Mclaughlin, T. Kleefstra, +73 Additional Authors
Mutations In Ddx3x Are A Common Cause Of Unexplained Intellectual Disability With Gender-Specific Effects On Wnt Signaling, L. Snijders Blok, E. Madsen, J. Juusola, C. Gilissen, D. Baralle, M. R. Reijnders, H. Venselaar, J. Fox, J. Mclaughlin, T. Kleefstra, +73 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Intellectual disability (ID) affects approximately 1%-3% of humans with a gender bias toward males. Previous studies have identified mutations in more than 100 genes on the X chromosome in males with ID, but there is less evidence for de novo mutations on the X chromosome causing ID in females. In this study we present 35 unique deleterious de novo mutations in DDX3X identified by whole exome sequencing in 38 females with ID and various other features including hypotonia, movement disorders, behavior problems, corpus callosum hypoplasia, and epilepsy. Based on our findings, mutations in DDX3X are one of the more common …
Obtaining Research Biopsies During Pediatric Colonoscopy: Safety And Adverse Events, J. Mait-Kaufman, S. Kahn, G. Tomer
Obtaining Research Biopsies During Pediatric Colonoscopy: Safety And Adverse Events, J. Mait-Kaufman, S. Kahn, G. Tomer
Journal Articles
AIM: To investigate the safety profile of acquiring additional intestinal biopsies for research purposes in children undergoing a medically indicated colonoscopy. METHODS: A retrospective review of 122 pediatric patients who underwent colonoscopy over a 9 mo time period was completed. 38/122 participants consented to a research study in which 4 additional biopsies were obtained, in addition to routine biopsies. The outcomes after colonoscopy were measured in the research participants, and compared to 84 control participants who did not consent for the study. Groups were compared with regard to number of biopsies obtained, underlying diagnosis, and both serious and minor adverse …
Oral Feeding Assessment Predicts Length Of Hospital Stay In Late Preterm Infants, C. Lau, K. Bhat, D. Potak, R. J. Schanler
Oral Feeding Assessment Predicts Length Of Hospital Stay In Late Preterm Infants, C. Lau, K. Bhat, D. Potak, R. J. Schanler
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: When compared with term infants, late preterm (LP) infants have greater morbidity and mortality, longer hospital stay, and greater rate of hospital readmission. Oral feeding difficulty is one of the prominent reasons for delayed discharge in LP infants. OBJECTIVE: To identify the maturity levels of LP infants' oral feeding skills (OFS) at the time of their first oral feeding and to determine the relationship between OFS maturity levels and length of hospital stay. METHODS: OFS was assessed in 48 LP infants born between 340/7 and 356/7 weeks gestational age at the time of their first oral feeding within 24 …
Risk Factors Associated With Intracranial Hemorrhage In Neonates With Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension On Ecmo, S. Doymaz, M. Zinger, T. Sweberg
Risk Factors Associated With Intracranial Hemorrhage In Neonates With Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension On Ecmo, S. Doymaz, M. Zinger, T. Sweberg
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Up to 40% of infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) remains refractory to conventional therapies, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is offered as an effective support for this group. However, ECMO is a highly invasive and risky procedure with devastating complications such as intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In this study, we aimed to determine the risk factors for ICH in infants with PPHN. METHODS: A case-control study of patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with PPHN requiring ECMO support was conducted. The study was carried out at a 25-bed PICU in large urban tertiary care children's hospital. …
Antigen-Based Immunotherapy For Autoimmune Disease: Current Status, D. L. Hirsch, P. Ponda
Antigen-Based Immunotherapy For Autoimmune Disease: Current Status, D. L. Hirsch, P. Ponda
Journal Articles
Autoimmune diseases are common chronic disorders that not only have a major impact on the quality of life but are also potentially life-threatening. Treatment modalities that are currently favored have conferred signifcant clinical benefts, but they may have considerable side effects. An optimal treatment strategy for autoimmune disease would specifcally target disease-associated antigens and limit systemic side effects. Similar to allergen-specifc immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis, antigen-specifc immunotherapy for autoimmune disease aims to induce immune deviation and promote tolerance to specifc antigens. In this review, we present the current status of studies and clinical trials in both human and animal hosts …
Assessing The Associations Of Sodium Intake With Long-Term All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In A Hypertensive Cohort, P. Singer, H. Cohen, M. Alderman
Assessing The Associations Of Sodium Intake With Long-Term All-Cause And Cardiovascular Mortality In A Hypertensive Cohort, P. Singer, H. Cohen, M. Alderman
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Although higher sodium intake is known to increase blood pressure, its association with cardiovascular mortality is less established. We examined the association of baseline sodium intake in a hypertensive cohort with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality over a mean follow-up of 18.6 years. METHODS: Three thousand five hundred five subjects were participants in a worksite hypertension program. Sodium intake was estimated by 24-hour urine excretion. Mortality data were obtained from the U.S. National Death Index. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted associations between sodium quartiles (quartile I (QI) to quartile IV (QIV)) and mortality were assessed using Cox models. RESULTS: Estimated mean +/- …
Chronic Hiv Infection Is Associated With Upregulation Of Proinflammatory Cytokine And Chemokine And Alpha Defensin Gene Expression In Colorectal Mucosa, J. Mait-Kaufman, E. Fakioglu, P. M. Mesquita, J. Elliott, Y. Lo, R. P. Madan
Chronic Hiv Infection Is Associated With Upregulation Of Proinflammatory Cytokine And Chemokine And Alpha Defensin Gene Expression In Colorectal Mucosa, J. Mait-Kaufman, E. Fakioglu, P. M. Mesquita, J. Elliott, Y. Lo, R. P. Madan
Journal Articles
HIV may induce gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal immune dysregulation similar to inflammation observed in ulcerative colitis (UC). Colorectal biopsies from healthy controls (N=12) and from participants with HIV (N=20) or UC (N=9) were subjected to real time (RT)-PCR for selected cytokines, chemokines, antimicrobial peptides, Toll-like receptors, and inflammatory signaling and epithelial barrier proteins. HIV long terminal repeat relative copy number (RCN) in HIV participant biopsies was quantified by RT-PCR. Mean interleukin (IL)-6 mRNA levels did not differ significantly between HIV and UC participants (p=0.48) but were significantly higher relative to control mRNA levels only for HIV participants (p=0.03). Mean IL-8 and …
Immune Dysregulation In Patients Persistently Infected With Human Papillomaviruses 6 And 11, A. V. Lucs, J. A. Devoti, L. Hatam, A. Afzal, A. L. Abramson, B. M. Steinberg, V. R. Bonagura
Immune Dysregulation In Patients Persistently Infected With Human Papillomaviruses 6 And 11, A. V. Lucs, J. A. Devoti, L. Hatam, A. Afzal, A. L. Abramson, B. M. Steinberg, V. R. Bonagura
Journal Articles
Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) 6 and 11 are part of a large family of small DNA viruses, some of which are commensal. Although much of the population can contain or clear infection with these viruses, there is a subset of individuals who develop persistent infection that can cause significant morbidity and on occasion mortality. Depending on the site of infection, patients chronically infected with these viruses develop either recurrent, and on occasion, severe genital warts or recurrent respiratory papillomas that can obstruct the upper airway. The HPV-induced diseases described are likely the result of a complex and localized immune suppressive milieu …