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Full-Text Articles in Pathology

Neuropsychological Outcomes In Adults Commencing Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Treatment In South Africa: A Prospective Study, John A. Joska, John A. Joska, Jennifer Westgarth-Taylor, Jacqueline Hoare, Kevin Gf Thomas, Robert Paul, Landon Myer, Dan J. Stein Nov 2012

Neuropsychological Outcomes In Adults Commencing Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Treatment In South Africa: A Prospective Study, John A. Joska, John A. Joska, Jennifer Westgarth-Taylor, Jacqueline Hoare, Kevin Gf Thomas, Robert Paul, Landon Myer, Dan J. Stein

Robert Paul

Background
Infection with HIV may result in significant neuropsychological impairment, especially in late stage disease. To date, there have been no cohort studies of the impact of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) in South Africa where clade C HIV is predominant.
Methods
Participants in the current study were recruited from a larger study of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and included a group of individuals commencing HAART (n = 82). Baseline and one-year neuropsychological function was assessed using a detailed battery, and summary global deficit scores (GDS) obtained. Associations with change in GDS were calculated.

Results
Participants had a median CD4 …


A Compact Guide To The Diagnosis And Management Of Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Timothy Beer, David Strayer, Md, Phd Mar 2012

A Compact Guide To The Diagnosis And Management Of Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Timothy Beer, David Strayer, Md, Phd

Timothy C Beer

Brief Introduction Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) is a multisystem neurocutaneous disorder resulting from mutations in the NF-1 gene on chromosome 17 (q11.2). Mutations in NF-1 result in deficient activity of the tumor suppresor protein neurofibromin, allowing for uncontrolled constitutive activity of the proliferative Raspathway in several neural cell types, including neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and Schawnn cells. Half of NF-1 cases are inherited in autosomal dominant fashion, while half develop sporadically. The syndrome has 100% penetrance but highly variable expressivity. The prevalence of this syndrome is 1/3,000, making it common enough to warrant YOU, the physician, taking a moment to learn …