Pathology Commons^™

Precise-Dyad: A Prospective Cohort Study Linking Maternal And Infant Health Trajectories In Sub-Saharan Africa, Marie-Laure Volvert, Robin Owino, Angela Koech, Onesmus Wanje, Isaac Mwaniki, Joseph Mutunga, Emily Mwadime, Geoffrey Omuse, Moses Mukhanya, Marvin Ochieng, Grace Mwashigadi, Agnes Mutua, Marleen Temmerman, Melissa Gladstone, Amina Abubakar, Helen Nabwera

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Purpose The PREgnancy Care Integrating Translational Science, Everywhere (PRECISE)-DYAD Study is a prospective observational cohort designed to investigate health outcomes among mother-child pairs (dyads) over the first 3 years of life in two contexts from sub-Saharan Africa. The primary objective of the study was to explore the effects of selected placenta-related complications, such as pregnancy hypertension, fetal growth restriction and preterm birth, on (1) Child health and development, and (2) Women’s health and well-being, including outcomes after stillbirth.

Participants The PRECISE-DYAD Study enrolled women (and their children) originally recruited into the PRECISE pregnancy cohort study in The Gambia and Kenya …

Incidence And Risk Factors For Stillbirth In Kenya, Mozambique And The Gambia: The Precise Cohort Study, Grace Mwashigadi, Joseph Akuze, Angela Koech, Hawanatu Jah, Anna Roca, Geoffrey Omuse, Moses Mukhanya, Marleen Temmerman, Amina Abubakar, Patricia Okiro

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background

Methods

Fetal Vascular Malperfusion And Other Placental Lesions In Relation To Maternal Sars-Cov-2 Exposure: A Case–Control Study, Irene Mwandoto, Marleen Temmerman, Ingrid Gichere, Patricia Okiro

Pathology, East Africa

Background:

The morphologic characteristics of placentas associated with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) have been described but with varying findings. Studies conducted at the onset of the pandemic reported frequency of Fetal Vascular Malperfusion (FVM), an umbrella term that describes occlusive vasculopathies that affect fetal circulation and their associated sequelae. Morphologic manifestations include thrombosis, avascular villi and vascular stromal karyorrhexis. Associated outcomes include fetal growth restriction, thromboembolic events such as neonatal stroke and fetal demise. Placental lesions associated with a severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection present a unique picture in histology, especially in the attempt to decipher the …

Brown Umbilical Nodule: A Case Of Primary Cutaneous Endometriosis, Richard G. Bindernagel Jr., Aleia Boccardi, Taylor C. Jindia, Parth Patel, Jaimie Bryan, Addie Walker, Summer Moon, Richard Miller

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Endometriosis is a common condition in which endometrial glands and stroma are implanted outside the uterine cavity. Rarely, the skin can be involved.

Case Presentation

We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman who presented to the dermatology clinic complaining of a brown umbilical nodule with slight erythema. It was occasionally painful and hemorrhagic. She denied a history of endometriosis and abdominal surgeries. A shave biopsy of the nodule was consistent with a diagnosis of cutaneous endometriosis. The patient was referred to her gynecologist for further evaluation and treatment.

Conclusion

This unique case demonstrates primary cutaneous endometriosis in the …

A Cancer Education Needs Assessment: Informing Middle-Aged Female Patients About The Relationships Between Obesity And Women’S Health Concerns In The Reproductive System, Breast, And Endometrial Health, Batul Mirza

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Obesity significantly impacts women’s health, particularly among middle-aged women, by increasing the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast, endometrial, and reproductive system cancers. This study examines the educational needs of this demographic group regarding obesity-related cancer risks and explores effective intervention strategies. Obesity-induced mechanisms – hormonal imbalances, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance – drive cancer susceptibility, emphasizing the need for targeted health education. The study employs a qualitative design, which includes interviews with subject matter experts (SMEs) and surveys of middle-aged women. The goal is to assess awareness, perceived barriers, and preferred learning methods. Findings suggest that with many …

The Long Road Of Drug Development For Endometriosis – Pains, Gains, And Hopes, Zian Liao, Diana Monsivais, Martin M Matzuk

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Endometriosis, defined by the growth of endometrial tissues outside of the uterine cavity, is a global health burden for ∼200 million women. Patients with endometriosis usually present with chronic pain and are often diagnosed with infertility. The pathogenesis of endometriosis is still an open question; however, tissue stemness and immunological and genetic factors have been extensively discussed in the establishment of endometriotic lesions. Current treatments for endometriosis can be categorized into pharmacological management of hormone levels and surgical removal of the lesions. Both approaches have limited efficacy, with recurrences often encountered; thus, there is no complete cure for the disease …

Same Or Different? Resolution Of Diagnostic Difficulty Of Two Mixed Cell-Type Tumors In Ovarian Pathology., Sarah Ingram, Priyanka Raju Md, Wei Shaw Do, Steve Sowers Pa, Kelly Brenan-Rothschild Md

Transformative Medicine

Introduction: When confronted by two disease processes, physicians in all disciplines are faced with the question: Are they manifestations of a common etiology, or distinct entities co-occurring? Inherent in this dilemma is whether an aberration from normal is even a disease process at all. Tissue pathology plays a key role in resolving this conundrum. Although diagnoses can be challenging, there are various methodologies used in the field of pathology to ascertain whether two tumors are of the same or different origins.

Case Description: This case report reviews two patients with large ovarian neoplasms and surgical pathology revealing histopathological features of …

Affinity-Tagged Smad1 And Smad5 Mouse Lines Reveal Transcriptional Reprogramming Mechanisms During Early Pregnancy, Zian Liao, Suni Tang, Kaori Nozawa, Keisuke Shimada, Masahito Ikawa, Diana Monsivais, Martin Matzuk

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Endometrial decidualization, a prerequisite for successful pregnancies, relies on transcriptional reprogramming driven by progesterone receptor (PR) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-SMAD1/SMAD5 signaling pathways. Despite their critical roles in early pregnancy, how these pathways intersect in reprogramming the endometrium into a receptive state remains unclear. To define how SMAD1 and/or SMAD5 integrate BMP signaling in the uterus during early pregnancy, we generated two novel transgenic mouse lines with affinity tags inserted into the endogenous SMAD1 and SMAD5 loci (Smad1^HA/HA and Smad5^PA/PA). By profiling the genome-wide distribution of SMAD1, SMAD5, and PR in the mouse uterus, we demonstrated …

The Utility Of Interventional Anesthesia, Kylie Daguio, Kiley Jackson, Samantha Boever, Andrew Chang, James Keane, Leonard B. Goldstein

SOMA Faculty Publications

no abstract

Advancing Virtual At-Home Care For Community Health Center Patients Using Patient Self-Care Tools, Technology, And Education [Letter], Cheryl Modica, Joy H. Lewis, Curtis Bay

SOMA Faculty Publications

Abstract

Introduction

Health centers are community-based, patient directed primary care providers that offer accessible, high-quality primary care within medically underserved communities. Screening for cancer and managing complex chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and depression are vital services for the vulnerable populations seen by community health centers. Delivering care for complex chronic conditions and preventive services using virtual models that integrate self-care tools and technology is an important approach to increasing access for hard-to-reach patients served by health centers.

Objective

This study aimed to explore the use of a virtual care model, applied using a systems approach and patient-driven …

Sars-Cov-2 Seroprevalence In Pregnant Women In Kilifi, Kenya From March 2020 To March 2022, Angela Koech, Geoffrey Omuse, Alex Mugo, Isaac Mwaniki, Joseph Mutunga, Moses Mukhanya, Onesmus Wanje, Grace Mwashigadi, Geoffrey Katana, Marleen Temmerman

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Seroprevalence studies are an alternative approach to estimating the extent of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and the evolution of the pandemic in different geographical settings. We aimed to determine the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence from March 2020 to March 2022 in a rural and urban setting in Kilifi County, Kenya.

Methods: We obtained representative random samples of stored serum from a pregnancy cohort study for the period March 2020 to March 2022 and tested for antibodies against the spike protein using a qualitative SARS-CoV-2 ELISA kit (Wantai, total antibodies). All positive samples were retested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid antibodies (Euroimmun, ELISA kits, NCP, …

Microbiota Dynamics, Metabolic And Immune Interactions In The Cervicovaginal Environment And Their Role In Spontaneous Preterm Birth, Stanely Onyango, Jia Dai Mi, Anjela Koech, Patricia Okiro, Marleen Temmerman, Peter Von Dadelszen, Rachel Marie Tribe, Geoffrey Omuse

Pathology, East Africa

Differences in the cervicovaginal microbiota are associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Although establishing a direct causal link between cervicovaginal microbiota and sPTB remains challenging, recent advancements in sequencing technologies have facilitated the identification of microbial markers potentially linked to sPTB. Despite variations in findings, a recurring observation suggests that sPTB is associated with a more diverse and less stable vaginal microbiota across pregnancy trimesters. It is hypothesized that sPTB risk is likely to be modified via an intricate host-microbe interactions rather than due to the presence of a single microbial taxon …

Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: Expert Consensus Report On The State Of The Science, Rachel N Grisham, Brian M Slomovitz, Nicole Andrews, Susana Banerjee, Jubilee Brown, Mark S Carey, Herman Chui, Robert L Coleman, Amanda N Fader, Stephanie Gaillard, Charlie Gourley, Anil K Sood, Bradley J Monk, Kathleen N Moore, Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Ie-Ming Shih, Shannon N Westin, Kwong-Kwok Wong, David M Gershenson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Compared with high-grade serous carcinoma, low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary or peritoneum is a less frequent epithelial ovarian cancer type that is poorly sensitive to chemotherapy and affects younger women, many of whom endure years of ineffective treatments and poor quality of life. The pathogenesis of this disease and its management remain incompletely understood. However, recent advances in the molecular characterization of the disease and identification of novel targeted therapies with activity in low-grade serous carcinoma offer the promise of improved outcomes. To update clinicians regarding recent scientific and clinical trial advancements and discuss unanswered questions related to low-grade …

Sars-Cov-2 Infection In Unvaccinated High-Risk Pregnant Women In The Bronx, Ny, Usa Is Associated With Decreased Apgar Scores And Placental Villous Infarcts, Sandra E. Reznik, Patricia M. Vuguin, Alexa Cohen, Rasha Khoury, Olivier Loudig, Ridin Balakrishnan, Susan A. Fineberg, Francine Hughes, Malini Harigopal, Maureen J. Charron

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Babies born to severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected mothers are at greater risk for perinatal morbidity and more likely to receive a neurodevelopmental diagnosis in the first year of life. However, the effect of maternal infection on placental function and neonatal outcomes varies depending upon the patient population. We set out to test our hypothesis that maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in our underserved, socioeconomically disadvantaged, mostly unvaccinated, predominantly African American and Latina population in the Bronx, NY would have effects evident at birth. Under IRB approval, 56 SARS-CoV-2-positive patients infected during the “first wave” of the pandemic with alpha …

The Association Between Higher Expression Of Talin-1 And The Reduced Survival Rate In Ovarian Serous Carcinoma Patients, Mina Sharbatoghli, Leili Saeednejad Zanjani, Fahimeh Fattahi, Elham Kalantari, Zohre Habibi Shams, Mahshid Panahi, Medhi Totonchi, Mohsen Asadi-Lari, Zahra Madjd

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Background & Objective: Talin-1 is a constituent of the multiprotein adhesion complexes that play main role in the formation of tumors and migration in different types of malignancies. The present study aimed to assess expression and prognostic significance of the talin-1 protein in ovarian serous carcinoma (OSC) patients.

Methods: The expression of talin-1 in mRNA and its protein levels were investigated for ovarian cancer (OC) by using bioinformatics tools, including Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2), Gene Expression Database of Normal and Tumor Tissue 2 (GENT2), and The University of ALabama at Birmingham CANcer data analysis Portal (UALCAN) databases. …

P53 And Ovarian Carcinoma Survival: An Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis Consortium Study, Martin Köbel, Eun-Young Kang, Ashley Weir, Peter F Rambau, Cheng-Han Lee, Gregg S Nelson, Prafull Ghatage, Nicola S Meagher, Marjorie J Riggan, Jennifer Alsop, Michael S Anglesio, Matthias W Beckmann, Christiani Bisinotto, Michelle Boisen, Jessica Boros, Alison H Brand, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Michael E Carney, Penny Coulson, Madeleine Courtney-Brooks, Kara L Cushing-Haugen, Cezary Cybulski, Suha Deen, Mona A El-Bahrawy, Esther Elishaev, Ramona Erber, Sian Fereday, Aocs Group, Anna Fischer, Simon A Gayther, Arantzazu Barquin-Garcia, Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, C Blake Gilks, Helena Gronwald, Marcel Grube, Paul R Harnett, Holly R Harris, Andreas D Hartkopf, Arndt Hartmann, Alexander Hein, Joy Hendley, Brenda Y Hernandez, Yajue Huang, Anna Jakubowska, Mercedes Jimenez-Linan, Michael E Jones, Catherine J Kennedy, Tomasz Kluz, Jennifer M Koziak, Jaime Lesnock, Jenny Lester, Jan Lubiński, Teri A Longacre, Maria Lycke, Constantina Mateoiu, Bryan M Mccauley, Valerie Mcguire, Britta Ney, Alexander Olawaiye, Sandra Orsulic, Ana Osorio, Luis Paz-Ares, Teresa Ramón Y Cajal, Joseph H Rothstein, Matthias Ruebner, Minouk J Schoemaker, Mitul Shah, Raghwa Sharma, Mark E Sherman, Yurii B Shvetsov, Naveena Singh, Helen Steed, Sarah J Storr, Aline Talhouk, Nadia Traficante, Chen Wang, Alice S Whittemore, Martin Widschwendter, Lynne R Wilkens, Stacey J Winham, Javier Benitez, Andrew Berchuck, David D Bowtell, Francisco J Candido Dos Reis, Ian Campbell, Linda S Cook, Anna Defazio, Jennifer A Doherty, Peter A Fasching, Renée T Fortner, María J García, Marc T Goodman, Ellen L Goode, Jacek Gronwald, David G Huntsman, Beth Y Karlan, Linda E Kelemen, Stefan Kommoss, Nhu D Le, Stewart G Martin, Usha Menon, Francesmary Modugno, Paul Dp Pharoah, Joellen M Schildkraut, Weiva Sieh, Annette Staebler, Karin Sundfeldt, Anthony J Swerdlow, Susan J Ramus, James D Brenton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Our objective was to test whether p53 expression status is associated with survival for women diagnosed with the most common ovarian carcinoma histotypes (high-grade serous carcinoma [HGSC], endometrioid carcinoma [EC], and clear cell carcinoma [CCC]) using a large multi-institutional cohort from the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis (OTTA) consortium. p53 expression was assessed on 6,678 cases represented on tissue microarrays from 25 participating OTTA study sites using a previously validated immunohistochemical (IHC) assay as a surrogate for the presence and functional effect of TP53 mutations. Three abnormal expression patterns (overexpression, complete absence, and cytoplasmic) and the normal (wild type) pattern were …

Educational Case: Ovarian Neoplasms: A Series Of Educational Cases To Review Malignancies Of Epithelial, Stromal, And Germ Cell Origin, Jordyn B. Tumas, Joanna Chan

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Metabolomics Of A Neonatal Cohort From The Alliance For Maternal And Newborn Health Improvement Biorepository: Effect Of Preanalytical Variables On Reference Intervals, Lena Jafri, Aysha Habib Khan, Muhammad Ilyas, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Javairia Khalid, Hafsa Majid, Aneeta Hotwani, Fyezah Jehan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: The study was conducted to determine reference interval (RI) and evaluate the effect of preanalytical variables on Dried blood spot (DBS)-amino acids, acylcarnitines and succinylacetone of neonates.
Methodology: DBS samples were collected within 48-72 hours of life. Samples were analyzed for biochemical markers on tandem mass spectrometer at the University of Iowa. Comparison of RI across various categorical variables were performed.
Results: A total of 610 reference samples were selected based on exclusion criteria; 53.2% being females. Mean gestational age (GA) of mothers at the time of delivery was 38.7±1.6 weeks; 24.5% neonates were of low birth weight and …

Vaginal Microbiota In Women With Spontaneous Preterm Labor Versus Those With Term Labor In Kenya: A Case Control Study, Edgar Gulavi, Fridah Mwendwa, David Atandi, Patricia Okiro, Michael Hall, Robert G. Beiko, Rodney Adam

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Preterm birth is a global problem with about 12% of births in sub-Saharan Africa occurring before 37 weeks of gestation. Several studies have explored a potential association between vaginal microbiota and preterm birth, and some have found an association while others have not. We performed a study designed to determine whether there is an association with vaginal microbiota and/or placental microbiota and preterm birth in an African setting.

Methods: Women presenting to the study hospital in labor with a gestational age of 26 to 36 weeks plus six days were prospectively enrolled in a study of the …

Foci Of Idc In Phyllodes Tumors: Should We Be Worried?: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Kathryn Eckert, Victoria Tiedemann, Linda Szczurek

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Phyllodes tumors are rare, fast growing fibroepithelial tumors of the breast that account for less than 1% of all breast tumors globally. They were first characterized by Johannes Muller in 1838 and most often present in the 5th decade of life. Phyllodes tumors are histologically composed of a stromal component and an epithelial component. The stromal component has a widely accepted malignant potential in up to 30% of cases. Grading of the stromal malignant potential of phyllodes tumors has been defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as benign, borderline, or malignant based on the presence and degree of stromal …

Epidemiological Profile And Clinico-Pathological Features Of Pediatric Gynecological Cancers At Moi Teaching & Referral Hospital, Kenya, Anisa W. Mburu, Peter M. Itsura, Elkanah Omenge, Philiph K. Tonui, Elly B. Odongo, Afrin F. Shaffi, Hellen N. Muliro, Thomas N. Achia, Allan L. Covens, Barry P. Rosen

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: The main pediatric (0–18 years) gynecologic cancers include stromal carcinomas (juvenile granulosa cell tumors and Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors), genital rhabdomyosarcomas and ovarian germ cell. Outcomes depend on time of diagnosis, stage, tumor type and treatment which can have long-term effects on the reproductive career of these patients. This study seeks to analyze the trends in clinical-pathologic presentation, treatment and outcomes in the cases seen at our facility. This is the first paper identifying these cancers published from sub-Saharan Africa.

Method: Retrospective review of clinico-pathologic profiles and treatment outcomes of pediatric gynecologic oncology patients managed at MTRH between 2010 and …

Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics Of High-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma, Elaine Stur, Sara Corvigno, Mingchu Xu, Ken Chen, Yukun Tan, Sanghoon Lee, Jinsong Liu, Emily Ricco, Daniel Kraushaar, Patricia Castro, Jianhua Zhang, Anil K Sood

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing do not provide full characterization of tissue spatial diversity in cancer samples, and currently available in situ techniques (multiplex immunohistochemistry and imaging mass cytometry) allow for only limited analysis of a small number of targets. The current study represents the first comprehensive approach to spatial transcriptomics of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma using intact tumor tissue. We selected a small cohort of patients with highly annotated high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma, categorized them by response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (poor or excellent), and analyzed pre-treatment tumor tissue specimens. Our study uncovered extensive differences in tumor composition between the …

Rare Occurrence Of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei (Pmp) Syndrome Arising From A Malignant Transformed Ovarian Primary Mature Cystic Teratoma Treated By Cytoreductive Surgery And Hipec: A Case Report, Francesca Ponzini, Luke Kowal, Mariam Ghafoor, Allison F Goldberg, Joanna Chan, Ryan Lamm, Shawnna Cannaday, Scott D. Richard, Avinoam Nevler, Harish Lavu, Wilbur Bowne, Norman G Rosenblum

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Background: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) syndrome is a disease process that typically occurs from ruptured appendiceal mucocele neoplasms. PMP syndrome arising from malignant transformation of an ovarian primary mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a pathogenesis rarely encountered.

Case presentation: Herein, we report a 28-year-old patient evaluated and treated for a right ovarian mass and large volume symptomatic abdominopelvic mucinous ascites. Molecular profiling and genetic analysis revealed mutations in ATM, GNAS, and KRAS proteins while IHC demonstrated gastrointestinal-specific staining for CK20, CDX2, CK7, and SATB2. Peritoneal cytology showed paucicellular mucin. Diffuse peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM) variant of PMP arising from a ruptured ovarian …

Real-World Evaluation Of Universal Germline Screening For Cancer Treatment-Relevant Pharmacogenes, Megan L. Hutchcraft, Nan Lin, Shulin Zhang, Catherine Sears, Kyle Zacholski, Elizabeth A. Belcher, Eric B. Durbin, John L. Villano, Michael J. Cavnar, Susanne M. Arnold, Frederick R. Ueland, Jill M. Kolesar

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of clinically actionable treatment-relevant germline pharmacogenomic variants in patients with cancer and assess the real-world clinical utility of universal screening using whole-exome sequencing in this population. Cancer patients underwent research-grade germline whole-exome sequencing as a component of sequencing for somatic variants. Analysis in a clinical bioinformatics pipeline identified clinically actionable pharmacogenomic variants. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines defined clinical actionability. We assessed clinical utility by reviewing electronic health records to determine the frequency of patients receiving pharmacogenomically actionable anti-cancer agents and associated outcomes. This observational study evaluated 291 patients with …

Dach1 Mutation Frequency In Endometrial Cancer Is Associated With High Tumor Mutation Burden, Mckayla J. Riggs, Nan Lin, Chi Wang, Dava W. Piecoro, Rachel W. Miller, Oliver A. Hampton, Mahadev Rao, Frederick R. Ueland, Jill M. Kolesar

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: DACH1 is a transcriptional repressor and tumor suppressor gene frequently mutated in melanoma, bladder, and prostate cancer. Loss of DACH1 expression is associated with poor prognostic features and reduced overall survival in uterine cancer. In this study, we utilized the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN) Avatar database to determine the frequency of DACH1 mutations in patients with endometrial cancer in our Kentucky population.

METHODS: We obtained clinical and genomic data for 65 patients with endometrial cancer from the Markey Cancer Center (MCC). We examined the clinical attributes of the cancers by DACH1 status by comparing whole-exome sequencing (WES), …

Maternal Inflammatory Markers For Chorioamnionitis In Preterm Prelabour Rupture Of Membranes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies, Angela Koech, Geoffrey Omuse, Abraham Mukaindo, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: There is no consensus on the role of inflammatory markers in identifying chorioamnionitis in preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM). We set out to evaluate the accuracy of maternal blood C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin and interleukin 6 (IL6) in diagnosis of histological chorioamnionitis and/or funisitis (HCA/Funisitis) in PPROM.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library from inception to January 2020 for studies where maternal blood CRP, procalcitonin or IL6 was assessed against a reference standard of HCA/Funisitis in PPROM. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 (QUADAS-2) tool was used to assess methodological quality. Hierarchical summary …

Point-Of-Care Hpv Molecular Diagnostics For A Test-And-Treat Model In High-Risk Hiv Populations, Shahin Sayed, Michael Chung, Marleen Temmerman

Pathology, East Africa

Strategies for cervical cancer prevention and control in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) require concerted efforts to improve screening and access to treatment, especially in high-risk HIV populations. LMICs bear the largest burden of HIV infection, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is common among HIV-infected women, risk of cervical cancer is increased in women with HIV/AIDS, and HIV clinics provide opportunities to screen and treat for cervical cancer in this population.

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Outbreak In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Seema Irfan, Imran Ahmed, Farida Lalani, Naureen Anjum, Nadia Mohammad, Maria Owais, Afia Zafar

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

The global and national burden of communicable and noncommunicable diseases continues to rise, thus making access to Healthcare workers (HCWs) colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) may pose transmission risk to vulnerable patients including neonates. This study reports an MRSA outbreak in a level-II neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a secondary care hospital in Pakistan. Once identified, an infection control team from the parent hospital visited the facility, risk factors were listed and infection control measures taken to control the outbreak. Screening cultures of NICU staff and environmental cultures from NICU were obtained for the presence of MRSA. Five …

Clear Cell Carcinoma Of The Pelvic Side Wall Arising From Endometriosis., Lisa N Abaid, John S Cupp, Miles Chang, Steven R Beanes, Bram H Goldstein

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Endometriosis is a condition wherein an ectopic layer of endometrial tissue arises in an extra-uterine location, often effecting significant pelvic pain and infertility. While very uncommon, there have been reported cases of endometriosis undergoing malignant transformation, frequently involving the ovaries and seldom in extra-gonadal regions. We recount a case depicting a 63 year-old woman who presented with an apparent inguinal hernia in 2017; she was ultimately diagnosed with a pelvic side wall clear cell carcinoma and attendant metastatic disease to the medial groin, which emanated from endometriosis. Malignant transformation of endometriosis identified in the pelvic side wall is a very …

Chat Expression In Chlamydia Muridarum-Infected Female Murine Genital Tract, Hallie Sartain

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent agent of bacterial sexually transmitted infections in the world. However, a profuse number of cases are unreported, as the infection is often asymptomatic. Sequelae such as pelvic inflammatory disease, an increased risk of cervical cancer, premature birth, and perinatal infections in pregnant women can occur. Inflammation occurs in the body in response to infection or injury. Although inflammation can lead to some unwanted secondary effects, such as pain, it serves to return the body to homeostasis by restoring injured tissues and eliminating pathogens. One recently identified connection between the central nervous system and the …