Otolaryngology Commons^™

Head And Neck Manifestations Of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Systematic Review., Jared M. Goldfarb, Mindy R. Rabinowitz, Shristi Basnyat, Gurston G. Nyquist, Marc R. Rosen

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To conduct the first and only systematic review of the existing literature on head and neck manifestations of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis to guide clinical decision making for the otolaryngologist.

DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and LILACS.

REVIEW METHODS: A systematic review of the aforementioned sources was conducted per the PRISMA guidelines.

RESULTS: From an initial 574 studies, 28 trials and reports were included, accounting for a total of 1175 patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Among clinical and cohort studies, 48.0% to 96.0% of all included patients presented with head and neck manifestations. In a distinct group …

Using Low-Dose Radiation To Potentiate The Effect Of Induction Chemotherapy In Head And Neck Cancer: Results Of A Prospective Phase 2 Trial, Susanne M. Arnold, Mahesh Kudrimoti, Emily V. Dressler, John F. Gleason, Natalie L. Silver, William F. Regine, Joseph Valentino

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: Low-dose fractionated radiation therapy (LDFRT) induces effective cell killing through hyperradiation sensitivity and potentiates effects of chemotherapy. We report our second investigation of LDFRT as a potentiator of the chemotherapeutic effect of induction carboplatin and paclitaxel in locally advanced squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN).

Experimental Design: Two cycles of induction therapy were given every 21 days: paclitaxel (75 mg/m²) on days 1, 8, and 15; carboplatin (area under the curve 6) day 1; and LDFRT 50 cGy fractions (2 each on days 1, 2, 8, and 15). Objectives included primary site complete response …

Frequency Of Sensorineural Hearing Loss In Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media, Syed Sajjad Ali Zaidi, Hamdan Ahmed Pasha,, Anwar Suhail,, Talha Ahmed Qureshi

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as chronic otorrhea (i.e., lasting > 6-12 weeks) through a perforated tympanic membrane. It is generally associated with some degree of conductive hearing loss. However, recurrent ear infections due to perforated eardrum result in absorption of toxins and macromolecules into the cochlea leading to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). We planned to determine the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in chronic suppurative otitis media. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Aga Kgan University Hospital, Karachi, from October 2013 to March 2014. Average threshold of speech frequencies was calculated via pure tone audiogram for …

The Use Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In Idiopathic Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Case Study, Chad B. Crigger, Md, Stephen L. Wilson, Md

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) is an otologic emergency that can provoke anxiety in the patient and can be clinically challenging for the practitioner. The natural history of the condition can be as varied as its possible etiologies. Adding to the clinical challenge is the current debate of treatment modalities available. In what follows, we provide a case detailing our treatment course, including the novel use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) as an emerging therapy for sensorineural hearing loss. Additionally, we provide a brief review of the current state of treatment options available in the armament for ISSHL. As …

Relationship Of Tumor Thickness With Neck Node Metastasis In Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Experience At A Tertiary Care Hospital, Sadaf Qadeer Ahmed, Montasir Junaid, Sohail Awan, Moaz M. Choudhary, Maliha Kazi, Aria Masoom, Hareem Usman Khan

Department of Surgery Docs

Introduction Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the head and neck, with the buccal mucosa being the most common site involved. Early locoregional metastasis is a hallmark of this disease, and early stage tumors may harbor metastatic nodes that are occult. Certain parameters can help identify high-risk patients for whom the pattern of occult nodal metastasis can be predicted. Tumor thickness is one such objective parameter. Objective To determine the relationship of tumor thickness with neck node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa. Methods A retrospective chart review of 102 patients with biopsy-proven squamous …

Gastric Pepsin In Post-Tympanostomy Tube Otorrhea, Jill N. D'Souza, Md, Erin Fields, Pa-C, Zhaoping He, Phd, Robert O' Reilly, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Posters

Introduction

Otorrhea is the most common complication following tympanostomy tube placement, with an incidence commonly reported at around 20%. Topical otic antibiotic drops are typically used for relief of otorrhea in children with tympanostomy tubes. In children with recurrent otorrhea, gastroesophageal reflux and extraesophageal reflux have been postulated to be involved in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion¹. Middle ear inflammation is thought to be mediated by proteolytic activity of pepsin, as well as by the decrease in pH associated with reflux of gastric acid through Eustachian tube. The goal of this study is to examine the …

Benefits Of A Surgical Safety Checklist For Otolaryngology Patients, Lindsay A. Goodstein, Md, Nadia K. Mostovych, Md, Michael B. Hall, Md, David Hsu, Md, David Cognetti, Md, Maurits S. Boon, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Posters

Introduction

The volume and complexity of knowledge today has exceeded any single individual's ability to manage it consistently without error despite advances in technology, years of training, and specialization of functions and responsibilities. Checklists have been employed since the 1930s in aviation and high-risk industries to prevent accidents caused by human error. Only recently has their use been introduced to surgery after the World Health Organization (WHO) heightened awareness of the significant number of deaths, about a half million worldwide, that occur each year as a result of avoidable surgical error.¹ With over 275,000 surgical procedures performed daily, an …

The Effects Of Formalized Team Training On Key Patient Outcomes In An Otolaryngology- Head And Neck Surgery Residency, Natalie Vercillo, Md, Adam Vasconcellos, Md, David Cognetti, Md, Maurits Boon, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Posters

BACKGROUND

• Errors in medical care have consistently been linked to communication failures among team members. TeamSTEPPS^® is a team training system which was co-developed by the Department of Defense and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) which provides a full curriculum of ways to improve patient safety through four main skills: communication, mutual support, leadership and situation monitoring¹.
• Training in these skills through TeamSTEPPS^® has been shown to improve patient safety and outcomes by reducing destructive barriers within the healthcare field such as poor communication, conflicts, ambiguous responsibilities of each team member, hierarchical constraints …

Dual Kidney Allocation Score: A Novel Algorithm Utilizing Expanded Donor Criteria For The Allocation Of Dual Kidneys In Adults, Jill N. D'Souza, Md, Katherine Mckee-Cole, Md, Abigail Strang, Md, Patrick Barth, Md, Aaron Chidekel, Md, Udayan Shah, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Posters

Abstract:

Objective The recognition of wound-related complications following pediatric tracheotomy is on the rise. These complications can have a significant impact on clinical course as well as on hospital healthcare costs to the tracheotomy dependent child and family

Methods A tracheotomy database was created in 2000 and reviewed for incidence of major and minor complications.

Setting Tertiary Care Pediatric Referral Center

Results We identified a post-tracheotomy complication rate of 19.9%, of which the most common complication was wound breakdown (65% of complications).

Conclusion Rate of post-tracheotomy wound-care complications is 12.9%. Wound description is subjective and prone to inter-observer variability. A …

Expression And Function Of Pannexins In The Inner Ear And Hearing, Hong-Bo Zhao

Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery Faculty Publications

Pannexin (Panx) is a gene family encoding gap junction proteins in vertebrates. So far, three isoforms (Panx1, 2 and 3) have been identified. All of three Panx isoforms express in the cochlea with distinct expression patterns. Panx1 expresses in the cochlea extensively, including the spiral limbus, the organ of Corti, and the cochlear lateral wall, whereas Panx2 and Panx3 restrict to the basal cells of the stria vascularis in the lateral wall and the cochlear bony structure, respectively. However, there is no pannexin expression in auditory sensory hair cells. Recent studies demonstrated that like connexin gap junction gene, Panx1 deficiency …

Benefits Of Wireless Telephone Technologies For Bilaterally Implanted Adults, Louisa Liang, Au.D., Paula Marcinkevich, Au.D.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Posters

Introduction

Cochlear implant (CI) recipients often have difficulty conversing on the telephone, particularly in noise. Successful use of landline and cellular telephones also can be limited because of less-than-optimal phone placement with respect to the sound processor microphone. One solution for recipients of Advanced Bionics cochlear implants may be the use of new streaming technologies from Phonak to improve the ability to talk on the phone. In addition to reducing interference caused by noise, use of these technologies is not strictly placement-dependent and also allows bilateral/bimodal recipients to take advantage of hearing with two ears.

The primary objective of this …

Using Elasticated Retractors In Head And Neck Surgeries, Montasir Junaid, Manal Shafiq, Sadaf Qadeer, Sohail Haleem, Maliha Kazi

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Elasticated retractors, a recent advancement in surgical techniques, provide an enhanced and effective way of retraction during head and neck surgeries. These have been used for a number of procedures and are known for their effective retraction and minimizing surgical time span. This article highlights the authors' experience and the pros and cons of this technique

Psychological Profile Of Laryngectomized Patients, Bogdan Popescu, Oana A. Paun, Razvan V. Scaunasu, Cristian Balalau, Serban V. Bertesteanu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Larynx cancer is one of the most susceptible form of cancer susceptible to induce alteration of the patient’s psychological profile due to the social role that the larynx has in communication. Oral communication is severely impaired even after voice rehabilitation of the laryngectomized patients, so that the social rehabilitation is somewhat not only a medical but also a social problem. The psychological profile of these patients is altered in a way that dealing with the disease is sometimes neglected and the interaction with the outside world in terms of oral communication is totally abandoned. The starting point for depression in …

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak After Microvascular Reconstruction Of Large Craniofacial Defects With Orbital Exenteration, Kurren Gill, Ba, David Hsu, Md, Patrick Tassone, Md,, John Pluta, Md, Gurston G. Nyquist, Md, Howard Krein, Md, Phd, Jurij Bilyk, Md, Ann P. Murchison, Md, Alfred Iloreta, Md, James J. Evans, Md, Ryan N. Heffelfinger, Md, Joseph M. Curry, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Posters

Abstract

Objectives: To assess risk factors for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak after microvascular reconstruction of extensive cranio-orbitofacial resection with orbital exenteration (CFOE).

Study Design: Retrospective Case Series

Methods: 70 consecutive patients at a tertiary hospital underwent 76 procedures with microvascular reconstruction of CFOE defects. Patients were stratified by extent of skull base exposure and presence or absence of dural resection. Patients with exposure of the orbital apex and roof alone were classified as minimal skullbase exposure (MSE, n=32). Those with exposure beyond the orbital apex and roof were classified as significant skullbase exposure (SSE, n=38), including those with dural resection …

Thyroid Cancer Metabolism: A Review, Kurren Gill, Ba, Patrick Tassone, Md,, James Hamilton, Md, Nikolaus Hjelm, Md, Adam J. Luginbuhl, Md, David Cognetti, Md, Madalina Tuluc, Md, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Md, Jennifer Johnson, Md, Joseph Curry, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Posters

Abstract

Metabolic dysregulation within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is critical to the process of tumorigenesis in various cancer types. Thyrocyte metabolism in papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancer, however, remains poorly characterized, and studies analyzing the role of multicompartment metabolism in thyrocyte oncogenesis are sparse. We present a review of the current knowledge on cellular metabolism in non-cancerous and cancerous thyroid tissues, focusing on the monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT4, and on a transporter of the outer mitochondrial membrane TOMM20. Understanding the metabolic phenotype of tumor cells and associated stromal cells in thyroid cancer can have profound implications on the use …

Otolaryngology For Internal Medicine: Increasing Exposure To Otolaryngology Using Computer Assisted Instruction, Arielle Thal, Philip Zapanta

GW Research Days 2016 - 2020

It has been well identified in previous literature that there is a lack of otolaryngology teaching for general practitioners. There is not currently a standardized curriculum for otolaryngology in undergraduate medical education or during residency for those pursuing a general field such as Emergency Medicine, Internal Medicine, Pediatrics or Family Medicine. While the need for more exposure to otolaryngology within these fields has been well documented, as 25% of primary care complaints are otolaryngology related, little has been done to identify the best method for educational intervention. Important topics for inclusion in such a curriculum have been identified and methods …

Malt Lymphoma Of The Base Of The Tongue: A Rare Case Entity, Haissan Iftikhar, Moghira Siddiqui, Khurram Minhas

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Lymphoma is a malignant tumour arising from lymphoid tissue, with the majority of cases being in the lymph nodes, however, in 1/4th of cases, these tumours are found in extralymphoid tissue. Lymphoid tissue is also found in organs having mucosa, such as the digestive tract, salivary gland and in tracheal tissue. This collection of lymphoid tissue is known as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving this extralymphoidal lymph tissue is known as MALT lymphoma. It was first reported by Isaacson and Wright in 1983, however, it was not included as a working diagnosis in clinical use until …

Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of Oral Tongue In Young Patients — A 10 Years Tertiary Care Experience, Shakeel Uz Zaman, Muhammad Adeel, Anwar Suhail

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the clinical and pathological profile of young patients with squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.

METHODS:

The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised record of patients20.

RESULTS:

Of the 29 patients, 17(58.6%) were men and 12(41.3%) were women. The overall mean age at presentation was 29.6+/-4.4 years. All patients (100%) had some sort of addiction, with 15(51.7%) having more than one addiction. Of the total, 20(68.9%) patients had moderately differentiated carcinoma. At presentation, 20(68.9%) had advanced stage (III-IV) disease. Surgery was the primary modality used in all the patients (100%). Median …

Gap Junction Mediated Mirna Intercellular Transfer And Gene Regulation: A Novel Mechanism For Intercellular Genetic Communication, Liang Zong, Yan Zhu, Ruqiang Liang, Hong-Bo Zhao

Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery Faculty Publications

Intercellular genetic communication is an essential requirement for coordination of cell proliferation and differentiation and has an important role in many cellular processes. Gap junction channels possess large pore allowing passage of ions and small molecules between cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that can regulate gene expression broadly. Here, we report that miRNAs can pass through gap junction channels in a connexin-dependent manner. Connexin43 (Cx43) had higher permeability, whereas Cx30 showed little permeability to miRNAs. In the tested connexin cell lines, the permeability to miRNAs demonstrated: Cx43 > Cx26/30 > Cx26 > Cx31 > Cx30 = Cx-null. However, consistent with a uniform …

Transoral Fundoplication Offers Durable Symptom Control For Chronic Gerd: 3-Year Report From The Tempo Randomized Trial With A Crossover Arm, Karim S. Trad, Mark Fox, Gilbert Simoni, Ahmad Shughoury, Peter Mavrelis, Mamoon Raza, Jeffrey Heise, William Barnes

Surgery Faculty Publications

Background

Four randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the short-term efficacy and safety of transoral esophagogastric fundoplication (TF) performed with the EsophyX® device in eliminating troublesome gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms in well-selected patient populations. The aim of this study was to assess the durability of these outcomes at 3 years post-procedure.

Methods

The TF EsophyX versus Medical PPI Open Label trial was conducted in seven US sites. Between June and August 2012, we enrolled patients with small (<2 cm) or absent hiatal hernias who suffered from troublesome GERD symptoms while on PPI therapy for at least 6 months and had abnormal esophageal acid exposure (EAE). Randomization was to TF group (n = 40) or to PPI group (n = 23). Following evaluation at 6 months, all remaining PPI patients (n …

A Dramaturgical Analysis Of The Miracle Worker, Abby Butzer

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This document is a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the Master of Arts degree in theatre. It is a dramaturgical analysis for William Gibson's play The Miracle Worker, providing a reference for directors and actors. The thesis explores the play's medical and pedagogical history in six chapters: the physiology and psychology of language acquisition as it pertains to sight and/or hearing impaired children, a pedagogical comparison of Samuel G. Howe and Annie Sullivan, a modern diagnosis of the fever that destroyed Helen Keller's vision and hearing, the 19th century pathology and treatment options for the disease of the eye …

Patient-Reported Variables Associated With The Success Of Behavioral Intervention For Patients With Chronic Cough, Bridget Loomis

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Purpose: To determine if patient-related variables exist that can potentially discriminate patients with refractory chronic cough (RCC) that are reasonable candidates for behavioral cough therapy (BCT). This study is a small sub-set of a larger, ongoing study, which aims to create and validate a screening tool that primary care physicians can use in order to refer patients early and appropriately for medical or behavioral intervention.

Methods: In this prospective, exploratory study, 20 adult participants, aged 29-68 years of age, answered a bank of questions developed by an expert panel, and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), before and after BCT. Questions …

Investigating The Efficacy Of Vocal Function Exercises In Improving Vocal Function In Adults Irradiated For Laryngeal Cancers: A Three Part Dissertation, Vrushali Angadi

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Deterioration in voice quality following radiation therapy for the treatment of laryngeal cancers (LC) is well documented in literature. The majority of studies show that these voice problems are long term and in some cases permanent. Deterioration in voice quality, especially over a period of time could lead to significant communication difficulties in daily life or in some cases could even result in loss of profession. Despite the negative effects of radiation therapy on voice quality being well documented, few studies have focused on the efficacy of voice therapy in the irradiated LC population.

The purpose of this study was …

An Unusual Case Of Cauda Equina Secondary To Spinal Metastasis Of Thyroid Cancer, Shabbir Akhtar, Mohammad Adeel

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Cauda equina secondary to metastatic follicular thyroid cancer of the lumbosacral area is a rare entity.

CASE REPORT:

We report an unusual case of a 52-year-old male who presented with backache, lower limb weakness, and perianal numbness. A CT-scan of the lumbosacral area showed an enhancing mass at the L4, L5 and S1 vertebrae. Histopathology after excision revealed a metastatic thyroid cancer. Hence, a CT scan of the neck and chest was performed which showed a nodule in the left lobe of the thyroid and a mass in the left chest wall. A total thyroidectomy and excision of …