Otolaryngology Commons^™

A Preliminary Report Of Percutaneous Craniofacial Osteoplasty In A Rat Calvarium., William Parkes, Jewel Greywoode, Brian J O'Hara, Ryan N. Heffelfinger, Howard Krein

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential for injectable, permanent bone augmentation by assessing the biocompatability and bioactivity of subperiosteal hydroxylapatite (Radiesse) deposition in a rat model.

STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal model METHODS: Fourteen adult Sprague Dawley rats were injected in the parietal skull with 0.2 ml of hydroxylapatite (10 animals) or a carrier gel control (4 animals), using a subperiosteal injection technique on the right and a subcutaneous injection technique on the left. At 1, 3, and 6 months, 3 rats (1 negative control, 2 variables) were sacrificed and calvaria were harvested. At 12 months, the remaining 5 rats were …

Incidence And Management Of Rhinosinusitis After Complex Orbitofacial Reconstruction., William Parkes, Gurston G. Nyquist, Christopher Rizzi, Sarah Zhang, James J. Evans, Ryan N. Heffelfinger, Marc Rosen, Joseph Curry

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To examine the sinus-related sequelae of free flap reconstruction for complex orbitofacial defects.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review METHODS: Demographic, clinical, and radiographic data on a series of 55 patients who had undergone free tissue transfer for orbitofacial reconstruction was retrospectively reviewed. Follow-up of ≥ 3 months was available for 49 patients. Outcome measures studied included clinical or radiographic evidence of sinusitis and the need for sinus surgery.

RESULTS: The most commonly involved sinuses were the ethmoid (n=40) and maxillary (n=38) sinuses, and the anterolateral thigh was the most common flap used (n=41). Clinical and/or radiographic sinusitis was evident …

Incidence And Management Of Rhinosinusitis After Complex Orbitofacial Reconstruction, Wiliam Parkes, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objective:

To discuss the incidence and management of rhinosinusitis after complex orbitofacial reconstruction.

Noise-Induced Tinnitus Using Individualized Gap Detection Analysis And Its Relationship With Hyperacusis, Anxiety, And Spatial Cognition, Edward Pace, Jinsheng Zhang

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Research Publications

Tinnitus has a complex etiology that involves auditory and non-auditory factors and may be accompanied by hyperacusis, anxiety and cognitive changes. Thus far, investigations of the interrelationship between tinnitus and auditory and non-auditory impairment have yielded conflicting results. To further address this issue, we noise exposed rats and assessed them for tinnitus using a gap detection behavioral paradigm combined with statistically-driven analysis to diagnose tinnitus in individual rats. We also tested rats for hearing detection, responsivity, and loss using prepulse inhibition and auditory brainstem response, and for spatial cognition and anxiety using Morris water maze and elevated plus maze. We …

Sentinel Node Localisation Using Pre-Operative Lymphoscintigraphy And Intraoperative Gamma Probe In Early Oral Cavity Cancer, Mubasher Ikram, Shabbir Akhtar, Montasir Junaid, Tariq Dhari, Maseeh-Uz Zaman, Riffat Hussain, Zubair Ahmad

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Objectives: To assess the diagnostic value of sentinel lymph node localisation using pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy and intra-operative gamma probe radio localisation in Pakistani patients suffering from early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.
Methods: The prospective case series was conducted between September 2007 and April 2010 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. It comprised patients with T1and T2 oral cavity cancer with clinically and radiologically negative neck. Pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy was performed one day before surgery and intra-operative gamma probe was used to detect sentinel node. Final histo-pathological evaluation was taken as the gold standard.
Results: The study comprised …

Marine-Lenhart Harboring Papillary Thyroid Cancer, Brian Y. Chou, Md, Sharon Segal, Do, Edmund A. Pribitkin, Md, Jeffery L. Miller, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Presentations and Grand Rounds

Introduction

Graves' disease with functioning nodules is referred to as Marine-Lenhart Syndrome. Only 2.7% of the patients with Graves’disease have concomitant functioning nodules.¹ Thyroid scintigraphy often definitively confirms the diagnosis. However, in addition to a hyperfunctioning (i.e. "hot") nodule, the thyroid scan may reveal isofunctioning (i.e. "warm"), and or a nonfuntioning (i.e. "cold") nodule as compared to the normal surrounding thyroid. Since hyperfuntioning nodules rarely harbor malignancy, if one is found that corresponds to the nodule in question, no cytologic evaluation is usually necessary.² Conversely, the majority of all nonfunctioning nodules may be benign or less frequently malignant, …

Frequency And Predisposing Factors Of Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy, Asif Ali Arain, Mubasher Ikram, Shabbir Akhtar, Muhammad Shaheryar Ahmed Rajput, Mohammad Adeel, Moaz Maqbool Choudhary

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Objective

The objective of our study was to determine the frequency and predisposing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula in postlaryngectomy patients.

Materials and methods

Charts of those patients who were treated with total laryngectomy for laryngeal carcinoma in our department from 2000 to 2008 were reviewed. Total 77 patients were included in the study. The variables studied for the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after total laryngectomy were: age and gender, diabetes mellitus, post-operative hemoglobin, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tumor characteristics including tumor site, stage, differentiation and extension into pyriform sinus, pre-operative radiotherapy, pre-operative chemotherapy, pre-operative tracheostomy and …

Toluidine Blue: Yet Another Low Cost Method For Screening Oral Cavity Tumour Margins In Third World Countries, Montasir Junaid, Anwar Suhail, Beena Umer, Mubasher Ikram, Zain-Ul-Abedeen Sobani, Naeem Sultan Ali, Ahmad Nawaz

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Objective: To use toluidine blue intra-operatively to identify tumour involved margins after the removal of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, and to compare the findings with those of final histopathology.
Methods: The study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital from December 1, 2009, to March 14, 2010, and comprised 56 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity regardless of grade and stage of tumour. Intra-operatively toluidine blue was used on the resected tumour margins and the staining patterns were assessed. Results were then compared with the final histopathology report.
Results: A total of 11(19.64%) margins …

Cochlear Implant In A Patient With Mondini's Deformity Of The Cochlea: Pilot Patient In Pakistan, Sadaf Qadeer Ahmed, Montasir Junaid, Zainul Abedeen Sobani, N Naila, Mohammad Sohail Awan

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Autosomal-recessive genes account for about 80% of the patients of non-syndromic deafness, and a major portion of those lead to cochlear pathology. Given the strong cultural practice of consanguineous marriages and the lack of awareness regarding screening modalities, a high prevalence of hereditary pre-lingual deafness is seen in Pakistan. Considering the situation, cochlear implant surgery was introduced by Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan, in 2003. Recently we decided to expand the profile and services available and conducted the first ever cochlear implant on an anatomically-challenged cochlea. The case report relates to the experience of our pilot patient …

A Preliminary Report Of Percutaneous Craniofacial Osteoplasty In A Rat Calvarium, William J. Parkes, Md, Jewel Greywoode, Md, Brian J. O'Hara, Md, Ryan N. Heffelfinger, Md, Howard Krein, Md, Phd

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objective: To evaluate the potential for injectable, permanent bone augmentation by assessing the biocompatibility and bioactivity of subperiosteal hydroxylapatite (Radiesse) deposition in a rat model.

Methods: Fourteen adult Sprague Dawley rats were injected in the parietal skull with hydroxylapatite (n=10) or a carrier gel control (n=4), using a subperiosteal injection technique on the right and a subcutaneous injection technique on the left. At 1, 3, and 6 months, 3 rats (1 negative control, 2 variables) were sacrificed. At 12 months, the remaining 5 rats were sacrificed. After each harvest, the calvaria were examined under both light and polarized microscopy.

Results: …

Treatment Of Intractable Neurogenic Cough With Cricopharyngeal Myotomy, Anne Lee Durstenfeld, Bs, Joseph Spiegel, Md, Mauritis Boon, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objectives: Neuropathic cough that is incompletely responsive to medical therapy may be due to cricopharyngeal hypertonicity. The objective was to describe the utility of cricopharyngeal myotomy in alleviating symptoms of intractable neuropathic cough.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for three patients who underwent cricopharyngeal myotomy for intractable cough. Trigger phenomena, previous evaluation and treatment, and outcomes after surgery, namely patient perception of improvement and medication use after surgery, were assessed and documented.

Results: After cricopharyngeal myotomy, all three patients noted symptomatic improvement and were weaned off medication. Continued improvement was noted at follow …

Utility Of Clinical Examination And Ct Scan In Assessment Of Penetrating Neck Trauma, Maliha Kazi, Montasir Junaid, Mumtaz Jamshed Khan, Naeem Sultan Ali, Aria Masoom

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Managing penetrating injuries adequately and effectively depends a great deal on proper assessment of the injury. This study carried out was done at The Aga Khan University Hospital to assess the role of clinical examination and CT scan imaging in evaluation of penetrating neck injuries. A total of 68 students were included, with ages ranging from 3 to 74 years. The involved zones and the injured structures were noted. Results showed a high sensitivity of clinical examination in assessing vascular (81%) and airway trauma (77%), with a low sensitivity for esophageal trauma (34%). For CT scan the sensitivity was 90% …

Anatomical Variations Of Nose And Para-Nasal Sinuses; Ct Scan Review, Mohammad Adeel, Muhammad Shaheryar Ahmed Rajput, Shabbir Akhter, Mubasher Ikram, Asif Arain, Yasir Jameel Khattak

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Objective: To determine the frequency of anatomic variations on computed tomography scan of para-nasal sinuses.
Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised computed tomography scans of 77 patients who had presented between October 2007 and March 2011. All the scans were reviewed using Picture Archiving Communication System computer software. The scans were reviewed for the presence of deviated nasal septum, paradoxical middle turbinate, Haller cell, Onodi cell, and pneumatisation of the middle turbinate and uncinate process.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 31±13.15 years. One or more types of anatomical …

A Case Of Orbital Apex Syndrome In A Patient With Malignant Otitis Externa, Rashid Baig, Qazi Assad Khan, Mohammed Ali Sadiq, Mohammad Sohail Awan, Khabir Ahmad

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

A rare case of skull base infection with a rapid clinical course leading to visual loss and eventually death in a poorly-controlled diabetic patient is presented. A 37-year-old woman presented with a history of visual loss and painful protrusion of the right eye for the preceding 3 days.This was accompanied by vertigo and right-side facial weakness. The patient had perception of light in her right eye and 20/25 (presenting visual acuity) in the fellow eye, accompanied by right-side proptosis, total ophthalmoplegia, optic disc pallor and central retinal artery occlusion. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of oedema with soft-tissue …

Endoscopic Ultrasonic Dacryocystorhinostomy For Recurrent Dacryocystitis Following Rhinoplasty, Nadia Mostovych, Md, Mindy R. Rabinowitz, Md, Edmund A. Pribitkin, Md, Jurij R. Bilyk, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Presentations and Grand Rounds

Abstract:

The lacrimal sac is the structure most vulnerable to injury when performing osteotomies for rhinoplasty. When performed in a low lateral position or along the frontal process of the frontal-maxillary suture, osteotomies have the potential to tear the medial canthal ligament and injure the underlying lacrimal sac resulting in dacryocystitis. We report a case of dacryocystitis in a 19 year old male who presented with recurrent episodes of pain, tearing, and discharge from his left eye following primary rhinoplasty. He was found to have obstruction of the lacrimal system secondary to a low lateral osteotomy with an impinging bone …

Castleman Disease In The Pediatric Neck: Case Report And Literature Review, Mindy R. Rabinowitz, Md, Jessica R. Levi, Md, Katrina Conard, Md, Udayan Shah, Md

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objective: To investigate the common features of cervical pediatric Castleman disease (CD).

Study Design: Case report and literature review of pediatric patients with cervical CD.

Methods: Online medical journal databases were searched for patients aged 18 years or younger. Eighteen published papers were found, comprising 29 cases. One case from our institution was also included for a total of 30 patients.

Results: An asymptomatic mass in level V was the most common presentation. No gender differences were noted. Multiple forms of imaging were pursued, and no particular modality showed signs specific for CD. All cases were treated with complete surgical …

Is The Use Of Intestinal Helminths Safe And Effective In The Treatment Of Allergic Rhinitis?, Tanner Mccalley

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this EBM review is to determine whether the use of intestinal helminths is safe and effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of three English language, blinded randomized controlled trials from 2009, 2010, and 2010.

DATA SOURCE: Randomized, controlled, blinded trials comparing the use of intestinal helminths versus visually matched placebo as a treatment for allergic rhinitis found using PubMed and Ovid databases.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: Several different systems were used to evaluate the symptoms or occurrence of AR. Bager et al.2010 uses symptom scores of AR scale of 0 …

Development Of Skin Hypopigmentation In A Patient With Metastatic Papillary Carcinoma Thyroid Treated With Sorafenib., Syed Zubair Hussain, Ali Asghar, Mubasher Ikram, Najmul Islam

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Background: Sorafenib can be considered as the effective option of treatment in patients with metastatic radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancers. The cutaneous manifestations of Sorafenib include rash, desquamation, hand foot skin reactions, pruritus, alopecia and erythema. We report the first case of hypopigmentation related to sorafenib therapy. Case presentation: We report the case of a middle aged gentleman with metastatic papillary carcinoma of thyroid diagnosed in 2005. He was managed with total thyroidectomy, radioactive iodine and TSH suppressive therapy. Despite receiving radioactive iodine 530 mci cumulative dose, patient had persistant disease with lung metastasis. Therefore a TKI, sorafenib, was started. …

Tuberculosis Verrucosa Cutis In A Patient With Keloid Over Ear Lobule, Muhammad Sohail Halim, Sadaf Qadeer Ahmed, Montasir Junaid, Muhammad Rizwan Bashir

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health problem with predominance in resource-poor countries. Extrapulmonary TB constitutes approximately 10% of the cases and can present as different forms depending on the route of entry. Cutaneous TB is a small subset of the extrapulmonary TB. Cutaneous TB can either be of primary origin or secondary origin or it can be a part of a systemic infection. TB verrucosa cutis (TBVC) is the exogenous reinfection of TB in a previously sensitised patient. Routine cultures do not have a high yield in TBVC due to the paucibacillary nature of the organism. Here we are presenting …

Value-Based Analysis Of Routine Pathologic Septal And Inferior Turbinate Specimens., James J Daniero, Jaemi S Chu, Brian J O'Hara, Edmund A. Pribitkin

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

This article was presented at the 2012 AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting & OTO EXPO; September 9-12, 2012; Washington, DC.

Objective To determine the frequency and clinical relevance of unanticipated histopathologic results in routine sinonasal surgery and evaluate the necessity for histologic processing of nasal septal cartilage, bone, and inferior turbinate specimens. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Tertiary care academic medical center. Subjects and Methods A retrospective review of surgical pathology reports on adult patients undergoing sinonasal surgery during a 5-year period from 2005 to 2010 was performed. All cases with the preoperative diagnosis of sinonasal neoplasia, autoimmune disease, …