Orthopedics Commons^™

Is Your Cyst Really A Ganglion Cyst? A Case Report Of Angioleiomyoma Mimicking A Plantar Fascia Cystic Lesion, Christopher Anjorin Ms Dpmc, Joseph Bender Dpm

School of Podiatric Medicine - Student Research

Ganglion cysts are among the most common benign soft tissue masses encountered in podiatric clinical practice, and their diagnosis is often presumed based on location, clinical observation, and transillumination. However, this case highlights a diagnostic idiosyncrasy: a lesion clinically presumed to be a ganglion cyst within the plantar fascia was ultimately identified as an angioleiomyoma following surgical excision and histopathological evaluation. This finding underscores the importance of maintaining a broad differential diagnosis when assessing cystic lesions, particularly those that transilluminate, as benign vascular tumors may closely mimic more common entities in both clinical presentation and imaging. More importantly, what if …

Hands Up! A Case Of Bilateral Luxatio Erecta, Madison Heck Do, Henry Kramarski Do, Adam Sigal Md

Transformative Medicine

Background:  An inferior shoulder dislocation, luxatio erecta, is a rare phenomenon that is seen in approximately 0.5% of shoulder dislocations; the incidence of bilateral luxatio erecta is even more uncommon. They can often be mistaken for anterior shoulder dislocations.

Case Description: This case report discusses the rare occurrence, identification and management of bilateral luxatio in a 48-year-old man after he dove 6 feet from a bridge and into a body of water.

Discussion: The pathognomonic presentation is a patient arriving with an arm hyper-abducted above the head with flexed elbows and pronated forearms. There are several concomitant injuries that can …

Evaluating The Readability Of Online Patient Education Materials For Avascular Necrosis, Gabriella B. Smith, Grady H. Hofmann, Anna V. Gussner, Nicole S. Pham, Nneoma O. Duru, Kevin G. Shea

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is a progressive pathology affecting pediatric and adult patients. Given the risks of joint collapse and surgery, patients frequently research their condition online. The average reading level in the United States is approximately the eighth-grade level. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recommend that patient materials be written at or below a sixth-grade level. This study aimed to assess the readability and quality of online AVN resources.

Methods: A Google search using the terms “avascular necrosis” and “osteonecrosis” was conducted, and firstpage results were aggregated. Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning Fog Index, and Flesch Reading Ease tests …

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Due To Post-Traumatic Osseous Tunnel Formation: A Rare Case And Surgical Management, Dev Y. Patel, Eshan Doshi, Fiona Zimmerman, Jamal Revolus, Michael Kimball, Michael Franco

Cooper Rowan Medical Journal

Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is classically a compressive neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve beneath the flexor retinaculum, presenting with plantar foot pain and paresthesias. Standard surgical management of TTS involves release of the flexor retinaculum to decompress the nerve. We report a rare and unusual case of TTS in which the posterior tibial nerve was encased within a post-traumatic osseous tunnel accompanied by dense fibrotic tissue, representing an atypical and previously undescribed etiology of nerve entrapment. In this case, surgical decompression required a modified approach involving meticulous dissection of the tibial nerve from its encasement by heterotopic ossification and …

Diversity Among Academic Orthopaedic Surgery Sports Medicine Faculty Across Us Residency Programs, Terence L. Thomas, Alexander Zavitsanos, Claude Regis, John Czarnicki, Harrison S. Fellheimer, Gabriel I. Onor, William Justice, Jalen Broome, Damon V. Briggs, Edward S. Chang, Meghan Bishop, Christopher C. Dodson

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Despite growing attention to workforce diversity in orthopaedic surgery, limited data exist describing the demographic composition of academic sports medicine faculty. This study examines the diversity of sports medicine fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgery faculty across US orthopaedic surgery residency training programs.

METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of all ACGME-accredited orthopaedic surgery sports medicine faculty was conducted. Faculty data included sex, race, level of professorship, residency attended, year of residency graduation, and h-index. Underrepresented in Orthopaedics (URiO) was defined as non-White and non-Asian by race and all women. Descriptive statistics were performed.

RESULTS: A total of 812 sports medicine-fellowship trained faculty were …

Sports Injuries You May Overlook, Sarah Gubara, Greg Canty

Pediatrics in Practice: A CME Podcast

Could this recurring pain or sudden limp mean something more than a sprain? Greg Canty, MD, Medical Director, Sports Medicine Center at Children's Mercy, walks through how to recognize concerning pediatric sports injuries that are often missed. This episode covers X‑ray‑negative knee injuries (patella dislocation, ACL tear, meniscus), pelvic avulsion and transitional ankle growth plate fractures, and overuse conditions such as gymnast wrist, spondylolysis, Little League elbow, and shoulder impingement. Dr. Canty outlines practical red flags—swelling, inability to weight‑bear, point tenderness, pain persisting beyond two weeks in single‑sport athletes, and declines in participation—and explains how assessing training load, sleep, nutrition, …

The Rise And Fall Of Lateral Electrical Surface Stimulation (Less) Through The Lens Of Srs Archives., Ali Rezazadeh Shirazi, Jay I. Kumar, Katie Dold, George H. Thompson, Andrew G. King, Richard M. Schwend, John P. Lubicky, Jay Shapiro, Behrooz A. Akbarnia, History Committee Of The Scoliosis Research Society

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

PURPOSE: Lateral electrical surface stimulation (LESS), commercially known as the ScoliTron™, emerged in the late 1970s as a noninvasive alternative to bracing for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Early clinical reports generated considerable enthusiasm and adoption, but the technique was ultimately abandoned. This study examined the rise and fall of LESS through a combined analysis of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) archives and published literature, with the goal of understanding factors that influence the adoption, evaluation, and abandonment of innovation in scoliosis care.

METHODS: A structured historical review was conducted using archival materials from the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS), including meeting abstracts, …

Postoperative Complications In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty, Katie Zehner, Gwyneth C. Maloy, John Slevin, Wesley Day, Mitchell K. Ng, Xuan Luo, Jonathan N. Grauer, Arya G. Varthi

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Sickle cell disease (SCD) encompasses a spectrum of genetic hematologic disorders characterized by erythrocyte sickling. Patients may experience musculoskeletal manifestations, such as osteonecrosis, which may warrant consideration for total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). While prior literature suggests patients with SCD more frequently suffer complications after orthopaedic procedures, this is not well characterized for TSA.

METHODS: Adult TSA patients (older than 18 years) were identified in the 2010 to 2023 PearlDiver M170 database. Patients with SCD were matched 1:4 to patients without SCD based on age, sex, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI). Ninety-day postoperative complications, emergency department (ED) visits, and readmissions …

Timing Of Isotretinoin Exposure And Early Postoperative Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Areeb Ahmad, Ronald J. Shamus, Kassem Ghayyad, Daryl C. Osbahr, Adam J. Money, Michael G. Ciccotti, George J. Richard

Rothman Institute Papers

INTRODUCTION: Isotretinoin (ITN) is widely prescribed for severe acne in adolescents and young adults, a population where anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is commonly performed. Long-standing concerns about impaired wound healing have prompted many surgeons to delay procedures, despite limited orthopaedic-specific evidence. This retrospective case series evaluates early postoperative clinical complications in patients with documented ITN exposure undergoing ACLR.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed primary ACLR cases from 2015 to 2025 at a multisite orthopaedic practice with documented ITN exposure within 12 months of surgery and at least 3 months of follow-up. ITN exposure was categorized as perioperative (≤10 days), recent …

Neuromotor Compromise As A Presenting Symptom In Advanced Lower Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Case Series, Adam Maestas, Parsa Charkhchi, Farbod Malek

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin, representing less than 1% of adult cancers. Approximately half arise in the extremities, most often presenting as a painless, enlarging mass. Symptoms are often misattributed to benign neuropathic or musculoskeletal causes, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Neurological deficits such as foot drop or distal weakness are exceptionally uncommon presenting signs and generally indicate advanced local invasion or compression of major peripheral nerves. Recognizing acute neuromotor compromise as a potential manifestation of soft tissue malignancy is crucial for timely oncologic evaluation and limb-sparing management.

Case Presentation

This series …

Opioid Free Anesthesia In Arthroscopic Knee Surgery: A Feasible Approach To Patient Care, Carson Gifford, Denise Vidal, Dail Kim, Austin Goff, Paul Reynolds

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

The opioid epidemic has prompted exploration of opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) techniques, but the optimal approach is still debated. While some OFA protocols substitute opioids with other agents, these alternatives can introduce their own risks. The objective of this study was to investigate whether eliminating intraoperative opioids without analgesic substitution in arthroscopic knee procedures affects postoperative pain control and opioid requirements.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 205 patients who underwent arthroscopic knee procedures between August and November 2023. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those who received intraoperative fentanyl (25-200 mcg, n = 144) and those who received …

Identifying Pyle's Metaphyseal Dysplasia – An Incidental Finding Of Skeletal Pathology On A Dental Checkup, Shruthi Parthasarathy, Amudhan Azhagan, Arthisri Anandhi Sekar, Poongodi V, Ram Shankar

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Introduction:

Pyle's disease, also known as familial metaphyseal dysplasia, is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder that primarily affects the skeletal system, particularly in children and adolescents. Characterized by distinctive radiographic features such as Erlenmeyer flask deformity and metaphyseal widening, Pyle's disease often goes underdiagnosed due to its mild clinical manifestations.

Case report:

This case report details a 15-year-old female patient presenting with retained milk teeth and unerupted permanent teeth, alongside notable skeletal abnormalities including genu valgum and kyphosis. Clinical and radiographic evaluations revealed significant dental anomalies, including multiple impacted permanent teeth and mild dysmorphic facial features. Although genetic testing …

An Investigation Of Pelvic Kinematics And Implications For Total Hip Arthroplasty, Kathryn Holland Colone

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most commonly performed orthopaedic procedures, with approximately 500,000 surgeries performed annually in the United States alone. Although THA is widely regarded as highly successful, postoperative complications persist, highlighting the multifactorial nature of THA outcomes. Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of implant positioning and soft tissue mechanics, yet challenges remain in optimizing surgical decisions on a patient-specific basis. Recent advances in surgical planning tools have shifted the focus of preoperative planning toward optimizing patient-specific outcomes, highlighting the need to better understand how patient anatomy, surgical technique, and joint mechanics interact to influence …

Improved Foraminal Expansion And Pain Scores Following Placement Of Novel Expandable Interlaminar Stabilization Device For Lumbar Spinal Stenosis, Robert P. Norton, Ian Koch, Kendra Primavera, Roy Y. Miloh, Alex R. Vaccaro, Mitchell K. Ng

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate radiographic durability and clinical outcomes following placement of a novel expandable interlaminar stabilization device for single-level lumbar spinal stenosis. Specifically, we aimed to: 1) quantify immediate postoperative posterior column distraction; 2) determine whether foraminal expansion is improved postoperatively without radiographic subsidence; and (3) assess potential improvements in patient-reported pain/clinical outcomes.

METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of adult patients undergoing single-level decompression supplemented by an interlaminar device for symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis by a single surgeon from 2024 to 2025. Radiographic parameters included anterior, middle, and posterior disc height, foraminal height, and …

Stemless Arthroplasty For Avascular Necrosis Of The Humerus: Implant Survival And Outcomes, Alyssa R. Henriquez, Damon V. Briggs, Eoghan T. Hurley, Samuel Lorentz, Christopher S. Klifto, Michael A. Moverman, Oke Anakwenze

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the humeral head often affects younger patients and may lead to progressive pain and functional deficits. While stemmed hemiarthroplasty and total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) are established treatments for advanced-stage AVN, stemless arthroplasty offers potential advantages including bone preservation and facilitation of future revision. However, the impact of bone necrosis on stemless humerus fixation is yet to be elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of stemless hemiarthroplasty and TSA in treating humeral head AVN and, further, to determine if stemless humeral fixation is appropriate in this population.

METHODS: This retrospective …

Predictive Factors For Humeral And Ulnar Stem Loosening After Total Elbow Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Akash Singh, James Satalich, Miguel Fiandeiro, Harrison S. Fellheimer, Matthew Ramsey, Surena Namdari

Rothman Institute Conference Posters

BACKGROUND: There has been a significant increase in the use of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) in advanced osteoarthritis, post-traumatic arthritis, and complex distal humerus fractures. The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of total elbow loosening and association with patient demographics, implant specifications, and cement mantle characteristics.

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients who underwent primary TEA between 2013 and 2022 at a single institution. Revisions and conversions from prior open reduction and internal fixation were excluded. Pre-operative distal humeral cortical thickness and bone quality were assessed. Variables included anterior humeral flange contact with …

Comparison Of Training Background And Characteristics Between Osteopathic And Allopathic Team Physicians In Professional Sports Leagues., Brandon D Rust, Ambika Singh, Matthew T Mckinley, Joseph Imler, Mackenzie Elting, Ryan Callahan, Christopher L Rennie, Leighann C Krasney

Orthopedic Surgery Resident Research

CONTEXT: Team physicians (TPs) play a critical role in professional sports, providing medical care for athletes under high-pressure conditions. These positions are highly competitive, influenced by previous affiliations, training pedigree, and institutional connections, with fellowship training increasingly essential. Although the number of osteopathic (Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine [DO]) physicians in the United States has grown substantially, TPs in professional sports remain predominantly filled by allopathic (Doctor of Medicine [MD]) physicians, and the training pathways of DO TPs are not well characterized.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to compare the training and demographic characteristics of DO and MD TPs …

In Reply To The Letter To The Editor Regarding "The Effect Of Glp-1 Receptor Agonists On Reoperation Following Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion", Nicholas C. Bank, Daniel Whittingslow, Sam Duggan, Joshua L. Morningstar, Douglas S. Weinberg

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

No abstract available

The Biological Response Of Human Np Cells To Soluble Collagen Vi, Jonathan Dalton, Srikanth N. Divi, Yasmine Eichbaum, Panya Luksanapruksa, Mitchell K. Ng, Rachel Huang, Alan S. Hilibrand, Alex R. Vaccaro, Dessislava Z. Markova, Christopher K. Kepler

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation plays a significant role in the development of intervertebral disc disease (IVDD). The ECM around the chondrocytes in the nucleus pulposus (NP) is unique in that it contains ColVI. While linked to chondrocyte proliferation in cartilage, ColVI's specific role in IVD degeneration is less clear. Our aim was to determine the expression of ColVI in NP cells from degenerative IVDs, along with the effects of soluble ColVI on NP cells. Thus, we compared the expression levels of ColVI in human degenerated IVD samples, along with the effect of soluble ColVI on primary human NP cells. A …

Depression And Psychotic Disorders Elevate Inpatient Burden After Posterior Cervical Decompression And Fusion: Prioritizing Screening And Targeted Discharge Planning, Leonidas E. Mastrokostas, Paul G. Mastrokostas, Daniel Yusupov, Abigail Razi, Aaron B. Lavi, Luke B. Schwartz, Sean Inzerillo, Mohamed Said, Alexander Kucherina, Pemla Jagtiani, Arie Monas, John K. Houten, Christopher K Kepler, Jad Bou Bou Monsef, Afshin E. Razi, Mitchell K. Ng

Rothman Institute Papers

CONTEXT: Psychiatric comorbidity has been associated with worse perioperative outcomes and greater healthcare utilization after spine surgery.

AIMS: This study compared complications and healthcare utilization among posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF) patients with depression, psychotic disorders, or no mental-health diagnosis.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Retrospective cohort analysis of the National Inpatient Sample from 2016 to 2022.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The database was queried for elective adult PCDF encounters. Mental-health exposures were defined using Elixhauser indicators for depression and psychoses. Outcomes included medical complications, non-routine discharge, inpatient mortality, length of stay (LOS), and costs.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Chi-square and multivariate logistic …

Higher Mortality And Distinct Complications After Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion In Dialysis Patients, Despite Improvements Over Prior Decade: A National Inpatient Study, Mitchell K. Ng, Leonidas E. Mastrokostas, Paul G. Mastrokostas, William A. Green, Joshua Mathew, Gregorio Baek, Yasmine Eichbaum, Yulia Lee, Morgan Hitchner, Jonathan Dalton, Adam Fano, Alec Giakas, Rajendra Singh, Brendan Reitman, Afshin E. Razi, Daniel R. Fassett, Alan S. Hilibrand, Alex R. Vaccaro, Christopher K. Kepler, Gregory D. Schroeder, Andrew P. Alvarez

Rothman Institute Papers

Introduction: Dialysis patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) face elevated perioperative risk due to complex comorbidities. This study aimed to (1) identify associations between dialysis status and perioperative complications after ACDF, (2) quantify differences in length of stay (LOS), hospitalization costs, and discharge disposition, and (3) provide a contemporary national benchmark for outcomes in this high-risk population. Materials and Methods: The 2016–2022 National Inpatient Sample was queried for adult elective ACDF cases. Dialysis dependence was identified through International Classification of Diseases-10 codes for end-stage renal disease with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Demographics, comorbidities, complications, LOS, costs, and discharge …

What Factors Do Patients Consider When Choosing A Hand Surgeon?, Monik Debkowska, Jeremy Ruskin, Brian Lynch, Samuel Caradonna, David Komatsu, Edward Wang, Samantha Muhlrad

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Introduction: Many patients find themselves frustrated wasting time and money when searching for the right hand specialist, only to be referred to a different one. There has been little research evaluating patient decision making when choosing a hand surgeon. Specialists would benefit from learning how to optimize their practice to reach their appropriate patient population for maximum benefit and minimum resource waste, both for the patients and physicians. We therefore conducted a survey study to evaluate which factors patients consider important when choosing a hand surgeon, and if these factors differ based on patient demographics. Our hypothesis is that patients …

Intravenous Versus Oral Tranexamic Acid In Shoulder Arthroplasty, Tarishi Parmar, Akin Adio, Mohammad Daher, Adam Khan, John Horneff, Joseph A. Abboud

Rothman Institute Papers

PURPOSE: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is used in shoulder arthroplasty to reduce blood loss. While intravenous (IV) TXA is standard, oral TXA offers advantages in cost and administration. This study compares 90-day complications and postoperative laboratory values between IV and oral TXA in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA).

METHODS: A retrospective cohort study using TriNetX identified adults undergoing primary TSA (2005-2025) receiving TXA on the day of surgery, stratified by route (IV vs. oral). One-to-one propensity score matching was performed. Ninety-day outcomes included transfusion, thromboembolic events, cardiac and renal complications, neurologic events, infection, wound dehiscence, readmissions, emergency department visits, opioid utilization, and …

Full Issue: Volume 4, Issue 1 - 2026

Bone Bulletin

i - Editors’ Note by Elijah Hoffman and Liam Gibbons

ii - Foreword by Dr. Alan Hilibrand

7 - Clinical Uncertainty in Digital Monitoring After Shoulder Arthroplasty by Abhi Pandey

10 - The Changing Value of Joint Arthroplasty Under the RVU System by Kiley Hamou

13 - SCALPEL TO ROBOT TO ALGORITHM: Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and the Evolution of Spine Surgery by Mateja Stefanovic

18 - Suture-Free Nerve Repair in Upper-Extremity Surgery by Adam Gaughan

20 - The Impact of Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet Surgery on Distal Radius Fracture Plating by Michael Carey

23 - Unicompartmental Versus Total Knee …

Biologic Adjuncts In Hand Surgery: Current Evidence, Limitations, And Clinical Implications, Joseph Kelly

Bone Bulletin

Introduction Biologic therapies such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) based treatments, have gained substantial attention across orthopaedics as agents that may enhance tissue healing and modulate inflammation.^1,4 Their use has expanded in the management of degenerative joint disease, tendinopathies, and fracture nonunion across multiple subspecialties within the field.^1,3,6 Despite the developing research base, prior hand-focused reviews have noted that orthobiologics in hand surgery remains an underdeveloped area, leaving limited guidance available to inform clinical decision making.^1-2

Optimizing Total Knee Arthroplasty In Young Patients: Strategies For Enhancing Durability And Function, Bridger Bell

Bone Bulletin

Introduction

The subspecialty of orthopaedics focuses on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and injuries impacting the musculoskeletal system.1 Within orthopaedics, surgery for arthritis and related conditions make up half of those performed.² Of the surgical interventions for arthritis, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most frequent, with over 700,000 performed per year in the United States and an expectation that nearly one million will be performed by 2030.3 Interestingly, since the 1980s, the prevalence of surgery in younger patients has continually increased.⁴ This has been accompanied by a declining average age of primary TKA …

Hazards For The Female Athlete: Disparities In Acl Injury Risk And The Evolving Research Base, Abby Skiena

Bone Bulletin

Introduction

Sex plays a significant role in sports medicine risk factors, but historically, there has been a lack of research involving female participants and investigating physiologic factors unique to female athletes.^1–4 Male athletes face a 2.26 times higher risk of hip and groin injuries, a 2.4 times higher risk of hamstring injuries, and a 1.8-2.8 times higher risk of acute fractures, especially in competitive situations.² Alternatively, female athletes experience a 2-8 times higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, a 3.4 times higher risk of bone stress injuries, a 1.25 times higher rate of foot and ankle …

Outcomes In Robotic Knee Surgery, Tyler West

Bone Bulletin

Introduction

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most common orthopedic surgeries worldwide and is the mainstay for treating severe knee arthritis. In the United States, surgeons perform over 700,000 TKAs each year, and that number is expected to climb as osteoarthritis becomes more common in an aging population.^1,2 Roughly, two TKAs are completed for every one total hip arthroplasty (THA) and yet patient satisfaction after TKA has always lagged behind the THA.³ Hip replacements routinely see satisfaction rates above 90 percent.^2,3 For knees, however, satisfaction rates historically have fallen between 80 and 89 percent.^{4 …}

Conceptual Frameworks, Evolving Technology, And Common Misconceptions: How Orthopedic Hand Surgeons Choose Fracture Fixation Technique, Sudesh Jaisi

Bone Bulletin

Fracture fixation is often taught as a binary decision between operative and nonoperative management, which fails to reflect the complexity of real-world clinical decision-making. This article analyzes fracture fixation through a conceptual, fracture personality-based framework incorporating biomechanics, fracture characteristics, patient-specific factors, and evolving implant technology. Clinical decision-making is best understood as a spectrum of interventions, where multiple fixation strategies may be technically appropriate but differ in invasiveness, stability, complication risk, and functional recovery. Across representative fracture types, including distal radius and olecranon injuries, management is driven by fracture stability, anticipated behavior under physiologic load, and patient functional demands rather than …

Unicompartmental Versus Total Knee Arthroplasty In Osteoarthritis: Indications, Outcomes, And Value-Based Care, Spencer Uggla

Bone Bulletin

Introduction

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent and disabling condition, affecting an estimated 654 million people worldwide in 2023. It is the most common diagnosis among patients over 45 years of age who present with activity-related knee pain.1 When nonoperative management fails, surgical intervention is frequently required to relieve pain and restore function. Traditionally, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been considered the gold standard surgical treatment for advanced OA, with approximately 700,000 procedures performed annually and projections exceeding 1 million by 2030.²