Orthopedics Commons^™

Extracellular Vesicle Distribution And Localization In Skeletal Muscle At Rest And Following Disuse Atrophy, Ahmed Ismaeel, Douglas W. Van Pelt, Zachary Hettinger, Xu Fu, Christopher I. Richards, Timothy A. Butterfield, Jonathan J. Petrocelli, Ivan J. Vechetti Jr., Amy L. Confides, Micah J. Drummond, Esther E. Dupont-Versteegden

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Background Skeletal muscle (SkM) is a large, secretory organ that produces and releases myokines that can have autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine effects. Whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) also play a role in the SkM adaptive response and ability to communicate with other tissues is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate EV biogenesis factors, marker expression, and localization across cell types in the skeletal muscle. We also aimed to investigate whether EV concentrations are altered by disuse atrophy.

Methods To identify the potential markers of SkM‑derived EVs, EVs were isolated from rat serum using density gradient ultracentrifugation, …

Native Bk Polyomavirus Nephropathy In An Orthotopic Heart Transplant Patient, Zachary M Thompson, George Ajene, Prathit A Kulkarni, Nidhi Aggarwal, Savitri Fedson, Maulin K Shah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BK polyomavirus nephropathy (BKVN) is a common cause of nephropathy in kidney transplant patients and is typically seen within the first year after transplantation. BK polyomavirus nephropathy can occur in the native kidneys of patients with nonrenal solid-organ transplants (NRSOT). However, this is rare, especially outside the early post-transplant period, and BKVN is not usually considered in the differential diagnosis for acute kidney injury in NRSOT patients. We present a case of a 75-year-old man who had undergone orthotopic heart transplant 13 years prior with stable allograft function who developed progressive renal dysfunction in the setting of recent unilateral obstructive …

Quantification Of Manipulation Forces Needed For Robot-Assisted Reduction Of The Ankle Syndesmosis: An Initial Cadaveric Study, Mikias Gebremeskel, Babar Shafiq, Ali Uneri, Niral Sheth, Corey Simmerer, Wojciech Zbijewski, Jeffrey H Siewerdsen, Kevin Cleary, Gang Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Manual surgical manipulation of the tibia and fibula is necessary to properly align and reduce the space in ankle fractures involving sprain of the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis. However, manual reduction is highly variable and can result in malreduction in about half of the cases. Therefore, we are developing an image-guided robotic assistant to improve reduction accuracy. The purpose of this study is to quantify the forces associated with reduction of the ankle syndesmosis to define the requirements for our robot design.

METHODS: Using a cadaveric specimen, we designed a fixture jig to fix the tibia securely on the operating …

Effects Of Gabapentin And Pregabalin On Calcium Homeostasis: Implications For Physical Rehabilitation Of Musculoskeletal Tissues, Perla C Reyes Fernandez, Christian S Wright, Stuart J Warden, Julia Hum, Mary C Farach-Carson, William R Thompson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose of review: In this review, we discuss the mechanism of action of gabapentinoids and the potential consequences of long-term treatment with these drugs on the musculoskeletal system.

Recent findings: Gabapentinoids, such as gabapentin (GBP) and pregabalin (PGB) were designed as antiepileptic reagents and are now commonly used as first-line treatment for neuropathic pain and increasingly prescribed off-label for other pain disorders such as migraines and back pain. GBP and PGB exert their analgesic actions by selectively binding the α2δ1 auxiliary subunit of voltage-sensitive calcium channels, thereby inhibiting channel function. Numerous tissues express the α2δ1 subunit where GBP and PGB …

Clinicopathological And Prognostic Significance Of Cxcr4 Expression In Osteosarcoma: A Meta-Analysis, I Gusti Ngurah Ananda Wira Kusuma, Grace Yulia Alphani Yapson, John Nolan, I Gede Eka Wiratnaya, I Gede Putu Supadmanaba

BioMedicine

Background: The C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor (CXCR4) is an oncogene that has been widely studied and associated with worse clinicopathological features and prognosis outcomes in many types of cancer. Besides that, significance of CXCR4 expression on clinicopathological features and prognostic factors in osteosarcoma (OS) requires further validation.

Aim: We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between positive CXCR4 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in OS.

Methods: Literature searches on Pubmed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were conducted systematically up to December 2021 to find relevant references. The effects of CXCR4 expression on clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic were …

Optimisation Of Imaging Parameters During Ct Guided Interventional Procedures In Patients With Total Hip Arthroplasty, Anish Patel, Christine Azzopardi, Scott Evans, A Mark Davies, Steven James, Rajesh Botchu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine the optimal KV and mAs settings during CT guided injections in the presence of a total hip arthroplasty so that image quality is maintained whist keeping the dose as low as reasonably achievable.

METHODS: A total hip arthroplasty phantom with needles with differing gauges was scanned using different CT parameters (from low dose to high dose) and evaluating if this had any effect on needle conspicuity. Conspicuity was graded from 1 to 3 by 2 independent blinded reviewers.

RESULTS: Irrespective of the CT settings used (high dose or low dose parameters) needle conspicuity was not adversely affected …

Clinical Practice Guidelines: The Road Map To Better Care, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are important tools in translating research evidence into clinical practice as they critically evaluate and summarize the body of evidence on clinical topics. Clinicians can use these studies to quickly survey the current literature base to increase understanding of a clinical diagnosis they make, with the intent of using this information to improve their clinical practice. A well-written systematic review or meta-analysis, with critical evaluation of study quality, is then that Cliffs Note version of what to know and what to do. Therefore, with the proliferation of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, we should see a corresponding …

Screening And Assessment Of Cancer-Related Fatigue: An Executive Summary And Road Map For Clinical Implementation, Joy C. Cohn, Shana Harrington, Jeannette Lee, Daniel Malone, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) prevalence is reported as high as 90%. Cancer-related fatigue is multidimensional and associated with lower health-related quality of life. Effective screening and assessment are dependent upon use of valid, reliable, and clinically feasible measures. This Executive Summary of the Screening and Assessment of Cancer-related Fatigue Clinical Practice Guideline provides recommendations for best measures to screen and assess for CRF based on the quality and level of evidence, psychometric strength of the tools, and clinical utility.

Methods: After a systematic review of the literature, studies evaluating CRF measurement tools were assessed for quality; data extraction included psychometrics …

Acute Effects Of Percussive Therapy On The Posterior Shoulder Muscles Differ Based On The Athlete's Soreness Response, Jack H Trainer, Matthew Pascarella, Ryan W. Paul, Stephen J. Thomas

Department of Exercise Science Faculty Papers

Background: Percussive therapy is hypothesized to speed recovery by delivering gentle, rhythmic pulses to soft tissue. However, patients often present with a differential soreness response after percussive therapy, which may lead to altered clinical outcomes.

Purpose: To compare the acute effects of percussion therapy on passive range of motion (ROM) and tissue-specific ultrasound measures (pennation angle [PA] and muscle thickness [MT]) between healthy individuals responding positively vs. negatively to percussive therapy performed on the dominant arm posterior rotator cuff.

Study design: Cross-sectional laboratory study.

Methods: Fifty-five healthy individuals were assessed on a subjective soreness scale before and after a five-minute …

Screening And Assessment Of Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Clinical Practice Guideline For Health Care Providers, Mary I. Fisher, Joy C. Cohn, Shana Harrington, Jeannette Lee, Daniel Malone

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most common side effect of cancer treatment. Regular surveillance is recommended, but few clinical practice guidelines transparently assess study bias, quality, and clinical utility in deriving recommendations of screening and assessment methods. The purpose of this clinical practice guideline (CPG) is to provide recommendations for the screening and assessment of CRF for health care professions treating individuals with cancer. Following best practices for development of a CPG using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) Statement and Emergency Care Research Institute (ECRI) Guidelines Trust Scorecard, this CPG included a systematic search of the …

Trustworthiness And Quality In Research For Clinical Application, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Role Of Lipid-Lowering Therapy In Peripheral Artery Disease, Agastya Deepak Belur, Aangi J. Shah, Salim S. Virani, Mounica Vorla, Dinesh K. Kalra

Office of the Provost

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial, lipoprotein-driven condition that leads to plaque formation within the arterial tree, leading to subsequent arterial stenosis and thrombosis that accounts for a large burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Atherosclerosis of the lower extremities is called peripheral artery disease and is a major cause of loss in mobility, amputation, and critical limb ischemia. Peripheral artery disease is a common condition with a gamut of clinical manifestations that affects an estimated 10 million people in the United States of America and 200 million people worldwide. The role of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins, such as LDL and remnant …

The Effects Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Athletic Performance And Injury Prevention, Amani Adeeb Abushamma

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Vitamin D supplementation has numerous effects on athletic performance and plays a significant role in preventing an athlete’s risk of getting injuries. Vitamin D has an impact on numerous physiological functions such as: bone health, muscle function, inflammatory response, and immune function. An athlete’s bone and muscle health are essential for maximum performance and career success. A bone fracture due to vitamin D deficiency can delay an athlete’s training and ultimately inhibit obtaining a collegiate scholarship and/or contract. A cross sectional study found that more than half of athletic trainers did not view 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25[OH]) testing and vitamin D supplementation …

Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1-Bound Extracellular Vesicle As Novel Therapy For Osteoarthritis, Bryan Gervais De Liyis, John Nolan, Made Agus Maharjana

BioMedicine

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint condition that causes significant impairment of the chondrocyte. The gradual degradation of the cartilage lining of one or more freely moving joints, as well as persistent inflammation, are the causes of osteoarthritis. Current medication focus on alleviating symptoms rather than curing the condition. The aim of this review is to evaluate the potential use of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 extracellular vesicle as novel therapy for osteoarthritis. This review article was completed by searching for the keywords “Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1”, “Extracellular Vesicle”, and “Osteoarthritis” in various journals in several search engines. Of the …

When Problems Become Solutions: Harnessing The Osteogenic Capacity Of Disease-Causing Stem Cells To Repair Bone Fractures, Mehreen Pasha

University Scholar Projects

While we often perceive disease as negative, there is potential to engineer seemingly negative biological phenomena into therapeutics to treat a variety of human illnesses. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a genetic disorder involving uncontrolled, widespread, extraskeletal bone growth, or heterotopic ossification (HO). In FOP patients, stem cells called fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) follow an abnormal, osteogenic pathway. In the present study, we investigate whether we can adapt these Acvr1 mutant FAPs, which are exceptional at producing bone, to repair bone fractures in otherwise normal patients. The primary aims of this study are (1) to devise and optimize a novel method …

Self-Reported Arm Function Is Associated With Stress And Fear Of Physical Activity Among Women Treated For Breast Cancer, Mary Insana Fisher, Anne Fleischer, Kimberly Ulmer, Megan Mcclure, Renee Waldron, Lynn Difede

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: Self-reported upper extremity function and objective measures are not strongly associated with each other in women treated for breast cancer (BC). It is not known if the lack of relationship between self-reported upper extremity function and objective measurements may be influenced by perceived levels of stress and fear of physical activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between self-reported upper extremity function and the following: perceived stress levels (PS), fear of physical activity (FPA), health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and objective measures of upper extremity function among women treated for BC.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational …

Mountains Of Evidence, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Knowledge Regarding Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Survey Of Physical Therapists And Individuals Diagnosed With Cancer, Shana Harrington, Mary Insana Fisher, Jeannette Lee, Joy C. Cohn, Daniel Malone

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common side effect and remains under-diagnosed. Screening of CRF by physical therapists (PTs) and patient perspectives of their experiences has not been comprehensively examined.

Purpose: To survey PTs to understand the frequency of CRF screening, and to assess the knowledge and experiences of survivors as it relates to CRF.

Methods: Two separate electronic surveys developed by the authors were distributed. One targeted oncology PTs, the other for adult survivors of cancer.

Results: Of the 199 PT respondents, 36% reported screening for CRF at every encounter. Screening included interviews (46%) and/or standardized questionnaires (37%). The …

The Correlation Of D-Dimer To Stroke Diagnosis Within 24 Hours: A Meta-Analysis, Adeel Ahmad, Zara Islam, Saad Manzoor Ahmad, Zouina Sarfraz, Azza Sarfraz, Miguel Felix, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Diagnosing D-Dimer early is essential to optimize clinical treatment and quality of life and reduce mortality. This study aims to identify the difference of D-Dimer levels (ng/ml) in patients with stroke within the 6- and 24-h period compared to patients that mimic stroke.
Methods: An electronic database search across PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Scopus was conducted until December 10, 2021. Studies were eligible if they included adult patients with stroke compared to stroke mimics or controls reporting D-Dimer values. Quality assessment was conducted using GRADE. The standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were calculated …

Long-Lasting Impairments In Quadriceps Mitochondrial Health, Muscle Size, And Phenotypic Composition Are Present After Non-Invasive Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury, Steven M. Davi, Ahram Ahn, Mckenzie S. White, Timothy A. Butterfield, Kate Kosmac, Oh Sung Kwon, Lindsey K. Lepley

Center for Muscle Biology Faculty Publications

Introduction: Despite rigorous rehabilitation aimed at restoring muscle health, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is often hallmarked by significant long-term quadriceps muscle weakness. Derangements in mitochondrial function are a common feature of various atrophying conditions, yet it is unclear to what extent mitochondria are involved in the detrimental sequela of quadriceps dysfunction after ACL injury. Using a preclinical, non-invasive ACL injury rodent model, our objective was to explore the direct effect of an isolated ACL injury on mitochondrial function, muscle atrophy, and muscle phenotypic transitions.

Methods: A total of 40 male and female, Long Evans rats (16-week-old) were exposed to …

Forty Years, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Rotator Cuff Tendon-To-Bone Interface: Maturation, Aging, And 3d Bioprinting For Regeneration, Xiping Jiang

Theses & Dissertations

Rotator cuff tendon injuries often occur at the tendon-to-bone interface (i.e., enthesis) area with a high prevalence for the elderly population. In addition, regeneration of the gradient structure of the enthesis is still a significant clinical challenge. Our studies aim to identify the histological, molecular, and biomechanical alterations of the rotator cuff enthesis with maturation and aging, and develop a novel therapeutic method using three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technique to regenerate a functional enthesis. Striking variations of the entheses were observed both histologically and biomechanically during the maturation process. The histological features did not show many differences at the insertion site …

The Ironman, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Why We Can’T Wait, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

We Are People First, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Training For A Marathon – Responding To A Pandemic, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Lessons Amidst A Pandemic, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of Stress-Related Factors And Injury Occurrence In Division Iii Ice Hockey Athletes 2020., Christian Kiesel

Master's Theses

Many variables can factor into a student athlete sustaining an injury, but one of the most interesting is stress. The Stress and Injury Model is excellent in explaining how exactly history of stressors, personality, and coping mechanisms play a pivotal role in the stress response. If these three factors cause a negative stress response, then that will lead to an athlete becoming more likely to become injured. This study used 40 ice hockey players from a Division III NCAA institution. Each participant completed the Inventory of College Students’ Recent Life Experiences (ICSRLE) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) every month …

Reaching The Peak, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Quantitative Comparison Of Arm Activity Between Women With Breast Cancer And Healthy, Mary Insana Fisher, Claire Davies, Timothy L. Uhl

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

Purpose: Survivors of breast cancer (BC) on the non-dominant side have more persistent deficits than those with cancer on the dominant limb. What is not known is whether those with BC use their involved upper limbs more, less, or at the same level as women without BC. Accelerometer use offers a quantifiable method to measure activity levels of upper limbs. The purpose of this study was to quantify the activity levels of the non-dominant involved limb among survivors of BC and compare these values to their dominant limb, as well as the non-dominant limb of a control group.

Methods: Participants …