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Ua61/6 Newsletter, Issue 2, Wku Institute For Rural Health Development & Research

WKU Archives Records

Newsletter created by and about the Institute for Rural Health Development & Research. This issue contains:

• College of Health & Human Services Has New Dean – John Bonaguro
• Simpson, Staci. Institute Aims to Improve Oral Health of Children
• Whitfield, Beth. WKU Mobile Unit KICS Off Dental Event with Webster County – Kentucky Interdisciplinary Community Screening
• Stone, Glynda. TEACH KY: Teachers Exploring & Advocating Careers in Health in Kentucky
• Institute Sponsors Hispanic Health Fair
• HIV Prevention Counseling & Testing Training Program Initiated at WKU
• New Web-based Course Offered Through Communications Disorders Department at WKU
• Lashley, Donita. Child Passenger Safety Training
• Handy, …

Il-7 Enhances Peripheral T Cell Reconstitution After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation., Onder Alpdogan, Stephanie J Muriglan, Jeffrey M Eng, Lucy M Willis, Andrew S Greenberg, Barry J Kappel, Marcel R M Van Den Brink

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

We used clinically relevant murine allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) models to study the mechanisms by which IL-7 administration can improve posttransplant peripheral T cell reconstitution. After transplant we could distinguish two populations of mature donor T cells: (a) alloreactive T cells with decreased expression of CD127 (IL-7 receptor alpha chain) and (b) nonalloreactive T cells, which express CD127 and undergo homeostatic proliferation. IL-7 administration increased the homeostatic proliferation of nonalloreactive T cells, but had no effect on alloreactive T cells and the development of graft-versus-host disease. Allogeneic transplant of purified hematopoietic stem cells and adoptive transfer of thymocytes into …

Requirement For The Betai And Betaiv Tubulin Isotypes In Mammalian Cilia., Heather C Jensen-Smith, Richard F Ludueña, Richard Hallworth

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

Nielsen et al., [2001: Curr Biol 11:529-533], based on studies in Drosophila, have proposed that beta tubulin in axonemal microtubules must contain a specific acidic seven amino acid sequence in its carboxyl terminus. In mammals, the two betaIV isotypes (betaIVa and betaIVb) contain that sequence. In order to test the application of this hypothesis to mammals, we have examined the expression of beta tubulin isotypes in four different ciliated tissues (trachea, ependyma, uterine tube, and testis) using isotype-specific antibodies and indirect immunofluorescence. We find that betaIV tubulin is present in all ciliated cell types examined, but so is betaI tubulin. …

High Dietary Level Of Synthetic Vitamin E On Lipid Peroxidation, Membrane Fatty Acid Composition And Cytotoxicity In Breast Cancer Xenograft And In Mouse Host Tissue, Ivan L. Cameron, Jesus Munoz, Christopher J. Barnes, W. Elaine Hardman

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background

d-α-tocopherol is a naturally occurring form of vitamin E not previously known to have antitumor activity. Synthetic vitamin E (sE) is a commonly used dietary supplement consisting of a mixture of d-α-tocopherol and 7 equimolar stereoisomers. To test for antilipid peroxidation and for antitumor activity of sE supplementation, two groups of nude mice bearing a MDA-MB 231 human breast cancer tumor were fed an AIN-76 diet, one with and one without an additional 2000 IU/kg dry food (equivalent to 900 mg of all-rac-α-tocopherol or sE). This provided an intake of about 200 mg/kg body weight per day. The mice …

Breast Diseases: A Histopathological Analysis Of 3279 Cases At A Tertiary Care Center In Pakistan, M. S. Siddiqui, Naila Kayani, Shahid Pervez, S. A. Aziz, S. Muzaffar, Z. Setna, M. Israr, S. H. Hasan, M. S. Gill

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To know the frequency of breast diseases in Pakistani females.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 3279 breast specimens received over a period of 4 years (1 993-1996) at the department of pathology, the Aga Khan University Hospital.

Results: Out of a total of 3279 breast specimens, common breast lesions included infiltrating duct carcinoma 37%, followed by fibro adenoma 16.95%, fibrocystic change13.96%, mastitis 6.83% and duct ectasia 5.33%. Majority of the cases of infiltrating duct carcinoma were encountered in the 5th and 6th decades of life. Tumour size was 2 or >2 cms. in 93% of cases and 40% of …

Expression And Localization Of Estrogen Receptor-Alpha Protein In Normal And Abnormal Term Placentae And Stimulation Of Trophoblast Differentiation By Estradiol, A Bukovsky, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Mr Caudle, J Wimalasena, Js Foster, Dc Henley, Rf Elder

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology

Estrogens play an important role in the regulation of placental function, and 17-beta-estradiol (E2) production rises eighty fold during human pregnancy. Although term placenta has been found to specifically bind estrogens, cellular localization of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) in trophoblast remains unclear. We used western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry with h-151 and ID5 monoclonal antibodies to determine the expression and cellular localization of ER-alpha protein in human placentae and cultured trophoblast cells. Western blot analysis revealed a ~65 kDa ER-alpha band in MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells (positive control). A similar band was detected in five normal term placentae exhibiting strong …

The Effect Of Mirthful Laughter On Stress And Natural Killer Cell Activity, Mary P. Bennett, Janice M. Zeller, Lisa Rosenberg, Judith Mccann

Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Intra-And Inter-Fraction Motion In Breast Radiotherapy Using Electronic Portal Imaging Cine Loops, Chrison Lee, Edward Yu, Tomas Kron

Oncology Presentations

Parallel tangent breast irradiation is commonly used postbreast conservation surgery for early breast cancer patient without lymph node involvement to improve local disease control. Intra-fractional and inter-fractional variabilities are often presented in daily treatment setup. The present pilot study used Electronic Portal Imaging (EPI) to evaluate intra-and inter-fraction motion in patients undergoing simple breast tangent radiotherapy.

Placental Expression Of Estrogen Receptor Beta And Its Hormone Binding Variant – Comparison With Estrogen Receptor Alpha And A Role For Estrogen Receptors In Asymmetric Division And Differentiation Of Estrogen-Dependent Cells, Antonin Bukovsky, Michael R. Caudle, Maria Cekanova Ms, Rndr, Phd, Romaine I. Fernando, Jay Wimalasena, James S. Foster, Donald C. Henley, Robert F. Elder

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology

During human pregnancy, the production of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) rises steadily to eighty fold at term, and placenta has been found to specifically bind estrogens. We have recently demonstrated the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) protein in human placenta and its localization in villous cytotrophoblast (CT), vascular pericytes, and amniotic fibroblasts. In vitro, E2 stimulated development of large syncytiotrophoblast (ST) aggregates. In the present study we utilized ER-beta affinity purified polyclonal (N19:sc6820) and ER-alpha monoclonal (clone h-151) antibodies. Western blot analysis revealed a single ~52 kDa ER-beta band in chorionic villi (CV) protein extracts. In CV, strong cytoplasmic ER-beta immunoreactivity …

Susceptibility Scoring In Family-Based Association Testing, Laila M. Poisson, Benjamin A. Rybicki, Steven W. Coon, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Gary A. Chase

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Family-based association testing is an important part of genetic epidemiology. Tests are available to include multiple siblings, unaffected offspring, and to adjust for environmental covariates. We explore a susceptibility residual method of adjustment for covariates.

Results

Through simulation, we show that environmental adjustments that down-weight persons who are "destined" to be affected decrease the power to detect genetic association. We used the residual adjusted method on the Framingham Heart Study offspring data, provided for Genetic Analysis Workshop 13, and got mixed results.

Conclusion

When the genetic effect and environmental effects are independent, a susceptibility residual method of adjustment …

Analysis Of Gene × Environment Interactions In Sibships Using Mixed Models, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Laila M. Poisson, Steven W. Coon, Gary A. Chase, Benjamin A. Rybicki

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Gene × environment models are widely used to assess genetic and environmental risks and their association with a phenotype of interest for many complex diseases. Mixed generalized linear models were used to assess gene × environment interactions with respect to systolic blood pressure on sibships adjusting for repeated measures and hierarchical nesting structures. A data set containing 410 sibships from the Framingham Heart Study offspring cohort (part of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 13 data) was used for all analyses. Three mixed gene × environment models, all adjusting for repeated measurement and varying levels of nesting, were compared for …

Cell Type-Specific Reduction Of Beta Tubulin Isotypes Synthesized In The Developing Gerbil Organ Of Corti, Heather Jensen Smith, Jonquille Eley, Peter S. Steyger, Richard F. Ludueña, Richard Hallworth

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

There are seven isotypic forms of the microtubule protein beta tubulin in mammals, but not all isotypes are synthesized in every cell type. In the adult organ of Corti, each of the five major cell types synthesizes a different subset of isotypes. Inner hair cells synthesize only betaI and betaII tubulin, while outer hair cells make betaI and betaIV tubulin. Only betaII and betaIV tubulin are found in inner and outer pillar cells, while betaI, betaII, and betaIV tubulin are present in Deiters cells, and betaI, betaII and betaIII tubulin are found in organ of Corti dendrites. During post-natal organ …

Selective Expression Of Beta Tubulin Isotypes In Gerbil Vestibular Sensory Epithelia And Neurons, Brian Perry, Heather Jensen Smith, Richard F. Ludueña, Richard Hallworth

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

The seven mammalian isotypes of beta tubulin are strikingly similar in amino acid sequence. The differences in isotypic sequence, although small, are nonetheless conserved in evolution, which suggests that they may confer distinct functional roles. If so, such roles should be reflected in the selective expression of isotypes by cell type, or even in the sorting of isotypes to within-cell pools. Hair cells of the vestibular sensory epithelia each possess a kinocilium, a microtubule-based organelle that could represent a distinct microtubule compartment, separate from the extensive microtubule network in the soma. The afferent neurons that innervate the vestibular sensory epithelia …

Prenatal Chromosomal Diversification Of Leukemia In Monozygotic Twins, Helena Kempski, Karen A. Mensa- Bonsu, Lyndal Kearney, G. Reza Jalali, Ian Hann, Mohammad Khurshid, Mel Greaves

Section of Haematology/Oncology

Previous studies on concordant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in identical twins have identified the leukemia as monoclonal with MLL or ETV6-RUNX1 gene fusion as early or initiating events in utero. In the latter case, postnatal latency is associated with secondary genetic events such as ETV6 deletion. We describe here a pair of infant twins with concordant acute monoblastic leukemia (AML). They are a unique pair in that their leukemia blasts display extensive intraclonal chromosomal diversity. Comparison of the leukemic cells between the two twins by karyotype and fluorescence in situ hybridization identifies a common or shared stem line …

Lupus Anticoagulunt Associated With Transient Severe Factor X Deficiency: A Report Of Two Patients Presenting With Major Bleeding Complications, Aneel A. Ashrani, Agnes Aysola, Hani Al-Khatib Md, William L. Nichols

Articles

Abstract

Acquired factor X (FX) deficiency is rare, but has been reported in diverse disease states, including systemic amyloidosis and respiratory infections. FX deficiency associated with lupus anticoagulant (LA) and a bleeding diathesis has not been previously reported. We report two patients both of whom presented with a severe bleeding diathesis after a preceding respiratory infection due to isolated FX deficiency associated with a LA. The FX deficiency and LA were transient. We conclude that patients with LA may rarely present with severe acquired FX deficiency. This may be another mechanism whereby patients with antiphospholipid antibodies present with bleeding complications.

Prostate Cancer: Some Clinical And Scientific Dilemmas., Paul D. Abel, El-Nasir Lalani

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.