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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Oncology
Incidence Of Cancer And Stage At Diagnosis Among People With Recent-Onset Psychotic Disorders, Jared C. Wootten
Incidence Of Cancer And Stage At Diagnosis Among People With Recent-Onset Psychotic Disorders, Jared C. Wootten
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Evidence on cancer incidence in people with psychotic disorders, compared to the general population, is equivocal, although those with psychotic disorders so have more advanced stage of cancer at the time of diagnosis. The objective of this thesis was to compare cancer incidence and stage at diagnosis for people with psychotic disorders, relative to the general population. Our systematic review did not observe a significant difference in overall cancer incidence among people diagnosed with psychotic disorders (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.16), however people with psychotic disorders were more likely to be present with advanced stage cancer at …
Addressing Bias In Non-Experimental Studies Assessing Treatment Outcomes In Prostate Cancer, David E. Guy
Addressing Bias In Non-Experimental Studies Assessing Treatment Outcomes In Prostate Cancer, David E. Guy
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
We evaluated the ability of matching techniques to balance baseline characteristics between treatment groups using non-experimental data. We identified a set of balance diagnostics that assessed key differences in baseline covariates with potential for confounding. These diagnostics were used in a novel systematic approach to developing and evaluating models for use in propensity score matching that optimized balance and data retention. We then compared the performance of propensity score and coarsened exact matching strategies in optimizing balance and data retention, using non-experimental data from a pan-Canadian prostate cancer database. Both matching techniques balanced baseline covariates adequately and retained approximately 70% …
The Role Of Inflammation In Colitis-Associated Cancer, Hayley Good
The Role Of Inflammation In Colitis-Associated Cancer, Hayley Good
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is a major complication associated with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Unfortunately, there are currently few, if any, effective chemopreventative strategies against CAC. Furthermore, the exact mechanism by which inflammation leads to CAC remains poorly understood. In this thesis, we focus on two inflammatory signaling pathways, the cyclooxygenase (COX) and NF-κB pathways, that have been shown to link inflammation and cancer. For instance, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that target COX-1 and/or -2 have previously been shown to be effective in chemoprevention of sporadic colorectal cancer. However, the ability of NSAIDs to prevent CAC has not fully been explored. …
Differential Effects Of Kim-1 In Subcutaneous And Orthotopic Renca Models Of Kidney Cancer, Demitra M. Yotis Dy
Differential Effects Of Kim-1 In Subcutaneous And Orthotopic Renca Models Of Kidney Cancer, Demitra M. Yotis Dy
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is the most common and fatal type of kidney cancer. Over 30% of patients that are diagnosed with RCC exhibit metastases. Almost 88% of patients with distant metastases succumb to the disease within 5 years of diagnosis. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) is a cell surface glycoprotein that is not expressed in a healthy kidney but becomes highly expressed on proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) following injury. Data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) reveals that >90% of RCC tumours express KIM-1 mRNA and that higher expression levels correlate with increased overall survival rates of patients. The …
Functional Role Of Dream And Dyrk1a In High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cell Dormancy, Pirunthan Perampalam
Functional Role Of Dream And Dyrk1a In High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cell Dormancy, Pirunthan Perampalam
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common form of ovarian cancer. The majority of women are disproportionately diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage III-IV) of the disease when tumours have progressed beyond the ovaries or fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity. Survival rates at late-stage are as low as 25% and chemoresistant disease recurrence is common, affecting up to 90% of patients. Multicellular clusters called spheroids contribute to dormancy, chemoresistance, and metastases and are a major challenge to treatment of HGSOC. Spheroid cells undergo reversible quiescence to evade chemotherapy in a process mediated by the mammalian DREAM …