Oncology Commons^™

Regulators Of Oncogenic Mutant Tp53 Gain Of Function., Satomi Yamamoto, Tomoo Iwakuma

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The tumor suppressor p53 (TP53) is the most frequently mutated human gene. Mutations in TP53 not only disrupt its tumor suppressor function, but also endow oncogenic gain-of-function (GOF) activities in a manner independent of wild-type TP53 (wtp53). Mutant TP53 (mutp53) GOF is mainly mediated by its binding with other tumor suppressive or oncogenic proteins. Increasing evidence indicates that stabilization of mutp53 is crucial for its GOF activity. However, little is known about factors that alter mutp53 stability and its oncogenic GOF activities. In this review article, we primarily summarize key regulators of mutp53 stability/activities, including genotoxic stress, post-translational modifications, ubiquitin …

Clinical Pharmacology Of Tisagenlecleucel In B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia., Karen Thudium Mueller, Edward Waldron, Stephan A. Grupp, John E. Levine, Theodore W. Laetsch, Michael A. Pulsipher, Michael W. Boyer, Keith August, Jason Hamilton, Rakesh Awasthi, Andrew M. Stein, Denise Sickert, Abhijit Chakraborty, Bruce L. Levine, Carl H. June, Lori Tomassian, Sweta S. Shah, Mimi Leung, Tetiana Taran, Patricia A. Wood, Shannon L. Maude

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

PURPOSE: Tisagenlecleucel is an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR19) T-cell therapy approved for the treatment of children and young adults with relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We evaluated the cellular kinetics of tisagenlecleucel, the effect of patient factors, humoral immunogenicity, and manufacturing attributes on its kinetics, and exposure-response analysis for efficacy, safety and pharmacodynamic endpoints in 79 patients across two studies in pediatric B-ALL (ELIANA and ENSIGN).

RESULTS: Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify levels of tisagenlecleucel transgene, responders (N = 62) had ≈2-fold higher tisagenlecleucel expansion in peripheral blood than nonresponders ( …

Precision Medicine In Pediatric Cancer: Current Applications And Future Prospects., Atif Ahmed, Divya S. Vundamati, Midhat S. Farooqi, Erin M. Guest

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Precision oncologic medicine is an emerging approach for cancer treatment that has recently taken giant steps in solid clinical practice. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics that can analyze the individual tumor's variability in genes have provided greater understanding and additional strategies to treat cancers. Although tumors can be tested by several molecular methods, the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has greatly facilitated our understanding of pediatric cancer and identified additional therapeutic opportunities. Pediatric tumors have a different genetic make-up, with a fewer number of actionable targets than adult tumors. Nevertheless, precision oncology in the pediatric population has greatly improved the …

Needs Assessment For Palliative Care In Pediatric Oncology: An Integrative Literature Review, Tabitha Negrete

Grace Peterson Nursing Research Colloquium

Abstract

Background: Cancer is the leading cause of non-accidental death in childhood. Cancer is the primary disease for which pediatric palliative care services are utilized worldwide. Improvement in pediatric palliative care has been identified as an ongoing research priority. There are still significant gaps in current knowledge of pediatric palliative care because education has not been integrated into curriculum and clinical experiences.

Objectives: The purpose of this integrative literature review aims to provide a comprehensive review of current research about the need of nursing education on palliative care for long-term care in pediatric oncology.

Methods: This integrative literature review focused …

A Brief Report Of Immunohistochemical Markers To Identify Aggressive Hepatoblastoma., Vivekanand Singh, Michelle Manalang, Meenal Singh, Udayan Apte

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant liver tumor in children. Although survival of patients has improved significantly over the last 2 decades, a significant number of patients do not respond to standard chemotherapy. We conducted a pilot study to understand if there was immunophenotypic difference between tumors that respond well to chemotherapy versus that do not. We selected 10 cases of HB from children presenting at our hospital. All patients had initial tissue diagnosis, underwent chemotherapy followed by surgical resection. The cases were divided into 2 groups: aggressive group with 5 cases (all of which had a poor response …

Review Of Karyotypic Data From Low Grade Glial Brain Tumors, Specifically Pilocytic Astrocytomas, And Correlation Of Genetic Aberrations With Tumor Recurrence., Linda D. Cooley, Scott C. Smith, Lisa Warren, Melissa Gener, Kevin Ginn, John Herriges

Posters

Abstract: Brain tumors are the most common solid tumor of childhood. Approximately 50% of pediatric CNS tumors are low grade gliomas (WHO grade I or II) and Pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) is the most common accounting for 33% of all gliomas in children 0-14 years and ~18% of all childhood brain tumors. Prognosis with this slow-growing tumor is excellent; 10 year overall survival of ~95%. However, event free survival averages ~50%. Patient age and extent of tumor resection are key prognostic factors; tumor location and size impact resection and outcome. Histopathological features indicate PA is a benign tumor and rarely are …

Cold Pressor Pain Response In Children With Cancer, Brooke N. Jenkins, Ryan J. Roemer, Ariana Martinez, Tara K. Torres, Michelle A. Fortier

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective:

The goal of this study was to examine pain responses in pediatric patients with cancer.

Method:

Children (ages 6 to 18) undergoing treatment for cancer (N=68) completed the cold pressor task.

Results:

Average pain tolerance was 118.22 seconds (SD=101.18) and 40% of the children kept their hand in the water the entire 4-minute ceiling. On a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale, children reported a pain severity of 5.07 (SD=3.47) at their first report of pain, a pain severity of 5.94 (SD=3.54) at their maximum report of pain, and a pain severity of 5.33 (SD=3.72) at the time they …

Economic Evaluation Of Patient Navigation Programs In Colorectal Cancer Care, A Systematic Review., Chloé Gervès-Pinquié, Anne Girault, Serena Phillips, Sarah Raskin, Mandi Pratt-Chapman

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Patient navigation has expanded as a promising approach to improve cancer care coordination and patient adherence. This paper addresses the need to identify the evidence on the economic impact of patient navigation in colorectal cancer, following the Health Economic Evaluation Publication Guidelines. Articles indexed in Medline, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Web of Science between January 2000 and March 2017 were analyzed. We conducted a systematic review of the literature using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The quality assessment of the included studies was based on the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist. Inclusion criteria …

Benchmarking Rectal Cancer Care: Institutional Compliance With A Longitudinal Checklist., William C. Chapman, Pamela Choi, Alexander T. Hawkins, Steven R. Hunt, Matthew L. Silviera, Paul E. Wise, Matthew G. Mutch, Sean C. Glasgow

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: In 2012, the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons published the Rectal Cancer Surgery Checklist, a consensus document listing 25 essential elements of care for all patients undergoing radical surgery for rectal cancer. The authors herein examine checklist adherence in a mature, multisurgeon specialty academic practice.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective medical record review of patients undergoing elective radical resection for rectal adenocarcinoma over a 23-mo period was conducted. Checklists were completed post hoc for each patient, and these results were tabulated to determine levels of compliance. Subgroup analyses by compliance and experience levels of the treating surgeon …

Chronic Stress And Reproductive Function In Female Childhood Cancer Survivors, Theresa Marie Hardy

Dissertations (1934 -)

Reproductive dysfunction is reported as a major concern for childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and is highly correlated with quality of life in this population. Few predictors of post-treatment reproductive function in CCS have been identified. CCS report high levels of psychological stress. Psychological stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which can disrupt reproductive function. The purpose of this exploratory study was to explore the relationship between perceived stress, biomarkers of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity, gonadotropin levels, and anti-Müllerian hormone levels in female CCS. This exploratory cross-sectional study included female cancer survivors (ages 16-35) treated for pediatric cancer at the Royal Hospital for Sick …

Communicating Effectively In Pediatric Cancer Care: Translating Evidence Into Practice., Lindsay J Blazin, Cherilyn Cecchini, Catherine Habashy, Erica C Kaye, Justin N Baker

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Effective communication is essential to the practice of pediatric oncology. Clear and empathic delivery of diagnostic and prognostic information positively impacts the ways in which patients and families cope. Honest, compassionate discussions regarding goals of care and hopes for patients approaching end of life can provide healing when other therapies have failed. Effective communication and the positive relationships it fosters also can provide comfort to families grieving the loss of a child. A robust body of evidence demonstrates the benefits of optimal communication for patients, families, and healthcare providers. This review aims to identify key communication skills that healthcare providers …

Emotion Regulation And Positive Affect In The Context Of Salivary Alpha-Amylase Response To Pain In Children With Cancer, Brooke N. Jenkins, Douglas A. Granger, Ryan J. Roemer, Ariana Martinez, Tara K. Torres, Michelle A. Fortier

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Children with cancer routinely undergo painful medical procedures invoking strong physiological stress responses. Resilience to this pain may be conferred through resources such as emotion regulation strategies and positive affect.

Procedure

This study measured dispositional positive affect in children with cancer (N = 73) and randomly assigned participants to one of three emotion regulation strategy conditions (distraction, reappraisal, or reassurance). Children applied their assigned strategy during an experimental pain procedure (the cold pressor task [CPT]) and provided saliva samples before, immediately after, and 15 min after the CPT. Saliva samples were later assayed for salivary alpha amylase (sAA)—a surrogate …

Surgical Interventions For Advanced Parameningeal Rhabdomyosarcoma Of Children And Adolescents., Paul J Choi, Joe Iwanaga, R Shane Tubbs, Emre Yilmaz

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Owing to its rarity, rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck (HNRMS) has seldom been discussed in the literature. As most of the data is based only on the retrospective experiences of tertiary healthcare centers, there are difficulties in formulating a standard treatment protocol. Moreover, the disease is poorly understood at its pathological, genetic, and molecular levels. For instance, 20% of all histological assessment is inaccurate; even an experienced pathologist can confuse rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, and lymphoma. RMS can occur sporadically or in association with genetic syndromes associated with predisposition to other cancers such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome and …

The Evaluation Of Mefloquine Drug Repurposing On Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Jessica L. Phan, Bhavuk Garg, Hrishikesh Mehta, Seth Corey

Undergraduate Research Posters

The aim of this study is to observe cell proliferation, cell viability, apoptosis, and autophagy on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines, NB4 and U937, with the drug repurposing of mefloquine (MQ). Methods such as the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay and trypan blue staining have shown a decrease in live cells with high concentrations of mefloquine. Using their average perspective IC50 values of MQ concentration, Western blotting was applied by means of apoptosis and autophagy markers to determine if the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of autophagy was present in MQ-treated AML cells. The experiment will be continued with more …

Cancer Care Annual Report 2017-2018, Children's Mercy Hospital

Cancer Center Annual Reports

Annual report of cancer care and oncology services at the Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center. This report has a focus on the HOPE Clinic (Clinica de Hematologia/Oncologia: Puente de Esperanza).

Implementation Of Bedside Huddle To Improve Communication When Coordinating Care For Picu Patients With Newly Diagnosed Anterior Mediastinal Masses, Laura Mccarthy, Pam Nicklaus, Paul Sheeran, Tara Benton, Jenna Miller, Douglas C. Rivard, Melissa Gener, Susan Whitney, Keith August

Posters

No abstract provided.