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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Oncology
Genetic And Epigenetic Determinants Of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Tanner Bakhshi, Philippe T. Georgel
Genetic And Epigenetic Determinants Of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Tanner Bakhshi, Philippe T. Georgel
Biomedical Sciences
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma and is notorious for its heterogeneity, aggressive nature, and the frequent development of resistance and/or relapse after treatment with standard chemotherapy. To address these problems, a strong emphasis has been placed on researching the molecular origins and mechanisms of DLBCL to develop effective treatments. One of the major insights produced by such research is that DLBCL almost always stems from genetic damage that occurs during the germinal center (GC) reaction, which is required for the production of high-affinity antibodies. Indeed, there is significant overlap between the mechanisms that …
Effect Of High-Dose Vs Standard-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation On Body Composition Among Patients With Advanced Or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial, Justin C. Brown, Michael H. Rosenthal, Chao Ma, Sui Zhang, Halla S. Nimeiri, Nadine J. Mccleary, Thomas A. Abrams, Matthew B. Yurgelun, James M. Cleary, Douglas A. Rubinson, Deborah Schrag, Andrea J. Bullock, Jill Allen, Dan Zuckerman, Emily Chan, Jennifer A. Chan, Brian Wolpin, Michael Constantine
Effect Of High-Dose Vs Standard-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation On Body Composition Among Patients With Advanced Or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial, Justin C. Brown, Michael H. Rosenthal, Chao Ma, Sui Zhang, Halla S. Nimeiri, Nadine J. Mccleary, Thomas A. Abrams, Matthew B. Yurgelun, James M. Cleary, Douglas A. Rubinson, Deborah Schrag, Andrea J. Bullock, Jill Allen, Dan Zuckerman, Emily Chan, Jennifer A. Chan, Brian Wolpin, Michael Constantine
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue express the vitamin D receptor and may be a mechanism through which vitamin D supplementation slows cancer progression and reduces cancer death. In this exploratory analysis of a double-blind, multicenter, randomized phase II clinical trial, 105 patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer who were receiving chemotherapy were randomized to either high-dose vitamin D3 (4000 IU) or standard-dose (400 IU) vitamin D3. Body composition was measured with abdominal computed tomography at enrollment (baseline) and after cycle 8 of chemotherapy (16 weeks). As compared with standard-dose vitamin D3, high-dose vitamin D3 did not significantly change body …
The Membrane-Associated Form Of Cyclin D1 Enhances Cellular Invasion, Ke Chen, Xuanmao Jiao, Anthony Ashton, Agnese Di Rocco, Timothy G Pestell, Yunguang Sun, Jun Zhao, Mathew C Casimiro, Zhiping Li, Michael P Lisanti, Peter Mccue, Duanwen Shen, Samuel Achilefu, Hallgeir Rui, Richard G Pestell
The Membrane-Associated Form Of Cyclin D1 Enhances Cellular Invasion, Ke Chen, Xuanmao Jiao, Anthony Ashton, Agnese Di Rocco, Timothy G Pestell, Yunguang Sun, Jun Zhao, Mathew C Casimiro, Zhiping Li, Michael P Lisanti, Peter Mccue, Duanwen Shen, Samuel Achilefu, Hallgeir Rui, Richard G Pestell
Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers
The essential G1-cyclin, CCND1, is a collaborative nuclear oncogene that is frequently overexpressed in cancer. D-type cyclins bind and activate CDK4 and CDK6 thereby contributing to G1-S cell-cycle progression. In addition to the nucleus, herein cyclin D1 was also located in the cytoplasmic membrane. In contrast with the nuclear-localized form of cyclin D1 (cyclin D1NL), the cytoplasmic membrane-localized form of cyclin D1 (cyclin D1MEM) induced transwell migration and the velocity of cellular migration. The cyclin D1MEM was sufficient to induce G1-S cell-cycle progression, cellular proliferation, and colony formation. The cyclin D1MEM was sufficient to induce phosphorylation of the serine threonine …
Endogenous Cyclin D1 Promotes The Rate Of Onset And Magnitude Of Mitogenic Signaling Via Akt1 Ser473 Phosphorylation., Ke Chen, Xuanmao Jiao, Agnese Di Rocco, Duanwen Shen, Shaohua Xu, Adam Ertel, Zuoren Yu, Gabriele Di Sante, Min Wang, Zhiping Li, Timothy G Pestell, Mathew C Casimiro, Emmanuel Skordalakes, Samuel Achilefu, Richard G Pestell
Endogenous Cyclin D1 Promotes The Rate Of Onset And Magnitude Of Mitogenic Signaling Via Akt1 Ser473 Phosphorylation., Ke Chen, Xuanmao Jiao, Agnese Di Rocco, Duanwen Shen, Shaohua Xu, Adam Ertel, Zuoren Yu, Gabriele Di Sante, Min Wang, Zhiping Li, Timothy G Pestell, Mathew C Casimiro, Emmanuel Skordalakes, Samuel Achilefu, Richard G Pestell
Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers
Cyclin D1 encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates RB and functions as a collaborative nuclear oncogene. The serine threonine kinase Akt plays a pivotal role in the control of cellular metabolism, survival, and mitogenic signaling. Herein, Akt1-mediated phosphorylation of downstream substrates in the mammary gland is reduced by cyclin D1 genetic deletion and is induced by mammary-gland-targeted cyclin D1 overexpression. Cyclin D1 is associated with Akt1 and augments the rate of onset and maximal cellular Akt1 activity induced by mitogens. Cyclin D1 is identified in a cytoplasmic-membrane-associated pool, and cytoplasmic-membrane-localized cyclin D1-but not nuclear-localized cyclin D1-recapitulates Akt1 …
Comparative Molecular Transporter Properties Of Cyclic Peptides Containing Tryptophan And Arginine Residues Formed Through Disulfide Cyclization, Eman H. M. Mohammed, Dindyal Mandal, Saghar Mozaffari, Magdy Abdel-Hamied Zahran, Amany Mostafa Osman, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Keykavous Parang
Comparative Molecular Transporter Properties Of Cyclic Peptides Containing Tryptophan And Arginine Residues Formed Through Disulfide Cyclization, Eman H. M. Mohammed, Dindyal Mandal, Saghar Mozaffari, Magdy Abdel-Hamied Zahran, Amany Mostafa Osman, Rakesh Kumar Tiwari, Keykavous Parang
Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research
We have previously reported cyclic cell-penetrating peptides [WR]5 and [WR]4 as molecular transporters. To optimize further the utility of our developed peptides for targeted therapy in cancer cells using the redox condition, we designed a new generation of peptides and evaluated their cytotoxicity as well as uptake behavior against different cancer cell lines. Thus, cyclic [C(WR)xC] and linear counterparts (C(WR)xC), where x = 4–5, were synthesized using Fmoc/tBu solid-phase peptide synthesis, purified, and characterized. The compounds did not show any significant cytotoxicity (at 25 µM) against ovarian (SK-OV-3), leukemia (CCRF-CEM), gastric adenocarcinoma (CRL-1739), breast …
How Can We Stop Cancer?, Joseph R. Current
How Can We Stop Cancer?, Joseph R. Current
The Review: A Journal of Undergraduate Student Research
Cancer is a disease that humans have been struggling to combat for centuries. It originates from the accumulation of several mutations over the life of a cell that causes it to evade cell death and multiply rapidly. It can affect any tissue in the body and can spread to other parts of the body through metastasis. Cancer comes in numerous shapes and sizes with different levels of aggression, growth speeds, and health risks. Many treatments for cancer exist today, three of the most popular being surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, which can be used in combinations with other treatments to …
Genetic Relationships And Therapeutic Options For Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Hailie Shertzer
Genetic Relationships And Therapeutic Options For Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Hailie Shertzer
Senior Honors Theses
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of cancer among children and can be lethal to the adult population. Though 80% of patients with ALL reach complete remission after treatment, about 20% of those diagnosed fail to remain cancer-free. Genetic rearrangements are the hallmark of relapsed ALL, but the mechanism by which these rearrangements occur is still unclear. Recent research suggests these mutations may be detectable during initial diagnosis. If researchers are able to accurately assess the probability of relapse during diagnosis by analyzing the genome of the leukemic cells, the likelihood of administering effective therapy would increase. …
Prostate Field Cancerization And Exosomes: Association Between Cd9, Early Growth Response 1 And Fatty Acid Synthase, Farideh Amirrad, Philip A. Pytak, Neda Sadeghiani-Pelar, Julie P. T. Nguyen, Emily L. Cauble, Anna C. Jones
Prostate Field Cancerization And Exosomes: Association Between Cd9, Early Growth Response 1 And Fatty Acid Synthase, Farideh Amirrad, Philip A. Pytak, Neda Sadeghiani-Pelar, Julie P. T. Nguyen, Emily L. Cauble, Anna C. Jones
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Intracapsular and well‑defined adenocarcinomas of the prostate are often surrounded by tissue areas that harbor molecular aberrations, including those of genetic, epigenetic and biochemical nature. This is known as field cancerization, or a field effect and denotes a state of pre‑malignancy. Such alterations in histologically normal tumor‑adjacent prostatic tissues have been recognized as clinically important and are potentially exploitable as biomarkers of disease and/or targets for preventative/therapeutic intervention. The authors have previously identified and validated two protein markers of field cancerization: The expressional upregulation of the transcription factor early growth response 1 (EGR‑1) and the lipogenic enzyme fatty acid synthase …
Expression Of Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase In Metastatic Uveal Melanoma, Mizue Terai, Eric R Londin, Ankit Rochani, Emma Link, Bao Lam, Gagan Kaushal, Alok Bhushan, Marlana Orloff, Takami Sato
Expression Of Tryptophan 2,3-Dioxygenase In Metastatic Uveal Melanoma, Mizue Terai, Eric R Londin, Ankit Rochani, Emma Link, Bao Lam, Gagan Kaushal, Alok Bhushan, Marlana Orloff, Takami Sato
Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary eye malignancy in adults and up to 50% of patients subsequently develop systemic metastasis. Metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) is highly resistant to immunotherapy. One of the mechanisms for resistance would be the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, we have investigated the role of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) in UM. Both TDO and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) catalyze tryptophan and produce kynurenine, which could cause inhibition of T cell immune responses. We first studied the expression of TDO on tumor tissue specimens obtained from UM hepatic metastasis. High expression of TDO protein was confirmed in all …
Examining The Role Of Metabolic Pathways As Therapeutic Modalities For Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Jeremy Andrew Johnson
Examining The Role Of Metabolic Pathways As Therapeutic Modalities For Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Jeremy Andrew Johnson
Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 15-20% of breast cancers, affects a younger patient population than other subtypes, and is very aggressive. TNBC is comprised of a diverse group of tumors that have proven refractory to targeted therapy and can be difficult to treat. Patients generally receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), surgery, and radiotherapy. The standard of care for NAC includes a taxane, an anthracycline, and/or cyclophosphamide, and administration of NAC has resulted in pathological complete response (pCR) in 30-40% of patients. However, a majority of TNBC patients will not reach pCR and instead have residual disease (RD), which is associated …