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- Metastasis (2)
- ALPPS (1)
- Angiogenesis (1)
- Cancer Stem Cells (1)
- Cancer cells (1)
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- Cancer therapy (1)
- Cell hypoxia (1)
- Cell metabolism (1)
- Circulating tumor cells (1)
- Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (1)
- Colorectal liver metastases (1)
- DREAM (1)
- DYRK1A (1)
- Dormancy (1)
- High-grade serous ovarian cancer (1)
- Hydrogen sulfide (1)
- Hypoxia (1)
- Integrated Stress Response (1)
- Iron (1)
- MAIT cells (1)
- MTOR (1)
- MagA (1)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- Oncolytic virus (1)
- Ovarian cancer (1)
- Plasticity (1)
- Relaxation rates (1)
- Spheroids (1)
- Translation (1)
- Tumor heterogeneity (1)
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Oncology
Functional Role Of Dream And Dyrk1a In High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cell Dormancy, Pirunthan Perampalam
Functional Role Of Dream And Dyrk1a In High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cell Dormancy, Pirunthan Perampalam
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common form of ovarian cancer. The majority of women are disproportionately diagnosed at an advanced stage (stage III-IV) of the disease when tumours have progressed beyond the ovaries or fallopian tubes and into the peritoneal cavity. Survival rates at late-stage are as low as 25% and chemoresistant disease recurrence is common, affecting up to 90% of patients. Multicellular clusters called spheroids contribute to dormancy, chemoresistance, and metastases and are a major challenge to treatment of HGSOC. Spheroid cells undergo reversible quiescence to evade chemotherapy in a process mediated by the mammalian DREAM …
Translational Control Of Stress Induced Breast Cancer Plasticity, Michael Jewer
Translational Control Of Stress Induced Breast Cancer Plasticity, Michael Jewer
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Cancer cell plasticity, whereby stem-cell-like properties are acquired in response to stress, represents a major challenge in cancer treatment. Using cell line and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, we demonstrate that translational reprogramming occurs in response to stresses such as hypoxia and chemotherapy which elicits stem cell properties in breast cancer. Other stresses like chemotherapy demonstrate the translational inhibition that has been well characterized as an integral hypoxic cellular response. The inhibition of translation is primarily regulated at initiation by mTOR/4E-BP1 and PERK/eIF2α signalling. We identify previously undescribed 5’ untranslated regions (5’UTRs) of plasticity-associated genes like NANOG, SNAIL and NODAL. …
Translational Study Of Liver Cancer And Hypertrophy: Translich, Mauro Enrique Tun Abraham
Translational Study Of Liver Cancer And Hypertrophy: Translich, Mauro Enrique Tun Abraham
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Abstract
Background: Associating liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged-hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a technique for inducing accelerated hypertrophy in patients with insufficient future liver remnant (FLR). It remains unknown whether this hypertrophy may lead to rapid cancer cell dissemination and/or alteration of immune cell/function reconstitution in the FLR. We aimed to determine if the rapid hypertrophy during ALPPS procedure results in more circulating tumour cell (CTCs) dissemination and whether the FLR remains immunologically competent in patients with CRLM.
Methods: In our prospective, observational, 2-arm study, we assessed the utility of CTCs as an evaluation tool for disease dissemination. Moreover, …
Oncolytic Virus Therapy For The Treatment Of Metastatic Ovarian Cancer, Jessica Tong
Oncolytic Virus Therapy For The Treatment Of Metastatic Ovarian Cancer, Jessica Tong
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The management of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) faces two major challenges which standard treatments fail to effectively address: 1) Diffuse metastasis as a consequence of late stage diagnosis and 2) intra-tumoral heterogeneity, which fuels tumor evolution and drives the acquisition of chemotherapeutic resistance. In this thesis, we tested new therapeutic strategies using a 3-dimensional in vitro spheroid culture model that mimics key steps of epithelial ovarian cancer metastasis; and another model that mimics both temporal and cellular heterogeneity by establishing multiple cell lines from a single patient over the course of disease progression. Using these models, we investigated …
Investigating The Role Of Hydrogen Sulfide In The Survival, Growth And Angiogenic Potential Of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines And Xenografts, Eric Sonke
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-deficiency, resulting in pseudohypoxic, angiogenic and glycolytic tumours. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenously-produced gasotransmitter that accumulates under hypoxia and has been shown to be pro-angiogenic and cytoprotective in cancer. It was hypothesized that H2S levels are elevated in VHL-deficient ccRCC, contributing to survival, metabolism, and angiogenesis. Using H2S-specific probes, it was found that H2S levels were higher in VHL-deficient ccRCC cell lines compared to cells with wild-type VHL. Inhibition of H2S-producing enzymes could reduce the proliferation, metabolism …
Mri Relaxation Rates: A Quantitative Approach To Track Tumour Cells Expressing Maga, Anindita Sengupta
Mri Relaxation Rates: A Quantitative Approach To Track Tumour Cells Expressing Maga, Anindita Sengupta
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Using magnetic resonance imaging, relaxation rate measurements were
performed in cancer cells overexpressing a magnetotactic bacterial gene, MagA.
Measurements of magnetic resonance relaxation rates in this expression
system is important for optimizing cell detection and specificity, for developing
quantification methods, and for refinement of gene-based iron contrast using
magnetosome associated genes. We measured the total transverse
relaxation rate (R2*), its irreversible and reversible components (R2 and R2′,
respectively) and the longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) in MDA-MB-435 tumor cells.
Clonal lines overexpressing MagA were cultured in the presence and absence of
iron supplementation, and mounted in a …