Hematology Commons^™

Implementing Zero/Neutral Displacement Iv Connectors To Reduce Blood Stream Infections, Kirsten Mitchell, Barbara Mcclaskey

Posters

Catheter related blood stream infections are a major problem in the United States and account for over $225 million each year with over 1,300 infections occurring each day. By researching the most effective type of IV connector, health care providers can provide the best and safest care possible to patients requiring IV access. Zero/neutral IV connectors may be the answer to decreasing these infections as they produce no reflux in the connector which is a breeding ground for bacteria and occlusions. This literature review found that zero/neutral connectors performed better than positive and negative IV connectors when comparing both reflux …

Male Determining Gene Nix May Bring An End To Transmission Of Diseases Through Mosquitoes, Mohammed Mahdi

Thinking Matters Symposium Archive

Female mosquitoes take blood from humans to gain protein needed to produce eggs, and in the process they can transmit viruses, such as Zika, Dengue, and chikungunya, or parasites, such as malaria. Male mosquitoes do not transmit diseases. This literature review will examine what is known about how sex is determined in mosquitoes and how this can be used to manipulate the females that spread diseases to humans. Using CRISPR Cas9, the lab of Zhijian Tu removed the Nix gene from mosquito embryos; all of these were feminized. Ectopic overexpression of Nix gene product in mosquito embryos caused even genetically …

Dual Therapy Treatment Of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Blinotumomab And A Standard Chemotherapy Regimen, Tori I. Scheffler

Selected Honors Theses

Leukemia is the number one cancer affecting children in the nation, with acute lymphoblastic leukemia being the most prevalent classification.1 While new and innovative treatment protocols have greatly increased the success rate of primary cancer patients, those who face relapse receive a much more dismal prognosis. Recent studies have shown that patients who relapse quite frequently have developed drug-resistant clones of the original cancer cells, leading to a need for various secondary treatment options. The drug-resistance is due to clonal mutations that take place within the cancer cell, most often because of an outside pressure or stress within the environment …

The Effect Of Sepsis On Cerebral Microvascular Blood Flow, Laura Mawdsley, Mamadou Diop, Chris G. Ellis

Western Research Forum

Background: Sepsis is a dysregulated host response to infection that affects 18 000 000 people worldwide, and over 325 000 000 dollars are spent treating sepsis in Canada every year. One of the symptoms of severe sepsis is an altered mental state, which is accompanied with a measured decrease in oxygen levels in the skeletal muscle microvasculature. It is hypothesized that his altered mental state is due to a lack of oxygenated blood reaching the brain.

Hypothesis: After the onset of sepsis, microvascular cerebral blood flow and oxygen levels in the blood will decrease. Onset of decreased blood flow in …

Hematological Profile And Gametocyte Carriage In Malaria Patients From Southern Pakistan, Najia Karim Ghanchi, Mohammad Hassaan Khan, Muhammad Abdullah Arain, Mustafa Bin Ali Zubairi, Ahmed Raheem Buksh, Muhammad A. Khan, Mohammad A. Beg

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Malarial infection is a major cause of concern, both worldwide and in Pakistan. Gametocytes are the sexual forms of the parasite that are essential for transmission. They fuse inside the mosquito to develop sporozoites. Gametocytes of the plasmodium parasites, which cause the infection, differentiate into male and female gametocytes. These gametocytes constitute the sexual stage of the malaria parasite and are essential in transmission of the disease from human to vector Anopheles. Gametocytes are affected by factors such as host immunity, drug treatment, reticulocytemia, anemia, low levels of asexual parasitemia and stress to the parasite. The aim of this …

Effect Of Conditioning Regimen Dose Reduction In Obese Patients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation., Claudio G. Brunstein, Marcelo C. Pasquini, Soyoung Kim, Mingwei Fei, Kehinde Adekola, Ibrahim A. Ahmed, Mahmoud Aljurf, Vaibhav Agrawal, Jeffrey J. Auletta, Minoo Battiwalla, Nelli Bejanyan, Joseph Bubalo, Jan Cerny, Lynette Chee, Stefan O. Ciurea, Cesar Freytes, Shahinaz M. Gadalla, Robert Peter Gale, Siddhartha Ganguly, Shahrukh K. Hashmi, Peiman Hematti, Gerhard Hildebrandt, Leona A. Holmberg, Oscar B. Lahoud, Heather Landau, Hillard M. Lazarus, Marcos De Lima, Vikram Mathews, Richard Maziarz, Taiga Nishihori, Maxim Norkin, Richard Olsson, Ran Reshef, Seth Rotz, Bipin Savani, Harry C. Schouten, Sachiko Seo, Baldeep M. Wirk, Jean Yared, Shin Mineishi, John Rogosheske, Miguel-Angel Perales

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Data are limited on whether to adjust high-dose chemotherapy before autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (autoHCT) in obese patients. This study explores the effects of dose adjustment on the outcomes of obese patients, defined as body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Dose adjustment was defined as a reduction in standard dosing ≥20%, based on ideal, reported dosing and actual weights. We included 2 groups of US patients who had received autoHCT between 2008 and 2014. Specifically, we included patients with multiple myeloma (MM, n = 1696) treated with high-dose melphalan and patients with Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphomas (n = 781) …

Survival Probability In Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia Using The Competitive Risk Statistical Model., Emilia Matos Do Nascimento, Clarisse Lopes De Castro Lobo, Basilio De Bragança Pereira, Samir K. Ballas

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

The clinical picture of patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) is associated with several complications some of which could be fatal. The objective of this study is to analyze the causes of death and the effect of sex and age on survival of Brazilian patients with SCA. Data of patients with SCA who were seen and followed at HEMORIO for 15 years were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Statistical modeling was performed using survival analysis in the presence of competing risks estimating the covariate effects on a sub-distribution hazard function. Eight models were implemented, one for each cause of death. The …

Sickle Cell Disease And Variation In The Par4 Receptor, Matthew Lankiewicz, Steven E. Mckenzie, Leonard Edelstein, Stephanie Renna

Phase 1

Sickle cell disease disproportionately affects African Americans in the U.S. Much can still be learned regarding determinants of frequency and severity of painful vaso-occlusive episodes in these patients. It has been reported that a variant in PAR4 (protease-activated receptor 4) has a unique distribution among African Americans. One variant (Thr120) is hyperactive, while the other (Ala120) is hypoactive. This receptor is present on platelets, vascular cells, and nociceptors. We wish ultimately to test the hypothesis that sickle cell patients with the hyperactive PAR4 receptor have greater pain severity. A genotype-phenotype correlation would have prognostic value. An adequately powered study to …

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Provides Effective Salvage Despite Refractory Disease Or Failed Prior Autologous Transplant In Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma: A Cibmtr Analysis, Narendranath Epperla, Kwang W. Ahn, Carlos Litovich, Sairah Ahmed, Minoo Battiwalla, Jonathon B. Cohen, Parastoo Dahi, Nosha Farhadfar, Umar Farooq, Cesar O. Freytes, Nilanjan Ghosh, Bradley Haverkos, Alex Herrera, Mark Hertzberg, Gerhard C. Hildebrandt, David Inwards, Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja, Farhad Khimani, Hillard Lazarus, Aleksandr Lazaryan, Lazaros Lekakis, Hemant Murthy, Sunita Nathan, Taiga Nishihori, Attaphol Pawarode, Tim Prestidge, Praveen Ramakrishnan, Andrew R. Rezvani, Rizwan Romee, Nirav N. Shah

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: There is a paucity of data on the role of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Using the CIBMTR registry, we report here the outcomes of AITL patients undergoing an allo-HCT.

Methods: We evaluated 249 adult AITL patients who received their first allo-HCT during 2000–2016.

Results: The median patient age was 56 years (range = 21–77). Majority of the patients were Caucasians (86%), with a male predominance (60%). Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis was predominantly calcineurin inhibitor-based approaches while the most common graft source was peripheral blood (97%). Median follow-up of survivors was 49 …

Investigational Monoclonal Antibodies In The Treatment Of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review Of Agents Under Clinical Development, Ahmad Iftikhar, Hamza Hassan, Nimra Iftikhar, Adeela Mushtaq, Atif Sohail, Nathaniel Rosko, Rajshekhar Chakraborty, Faryal Razzaq, Sonia Sandeep, Jason Neil Valent, Abraham Sebastian Kanate, Faiz Anwer

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Immunotherapy for multiple myeloma (MM) has been the focus in recent years due to its myeloma-specific immune responses. We reviewed the literature on non-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to highlight future perspectives. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov to include phase I/II clinical trials. Data from 39 studies (1906 patients) were included. Of all the agents, Isatuximab (Isa, anti-CD38) and F50067 (anti-CXCR4) were the only mAbs to produce encouraging results as monotherapy with overall response rates (ORRs) of 66.7% and 32% respectively. Isa showed activity when used in combination with …

Transcriptional Activation Of The Mir-17-92 Cluster Is Involved In The Growth-Promoting Effects Of Myb In Human Ph-Positive Leukemia Cells., Manuela Spagnuolo, Giulia Regazzo, Marco De Dominici, Andrea Sacconi, Andrea Pelosi, Etleva Korita, Francesco Marchesi, Francesco Pisani, Alessandra Magenta, Valentina Lulli, Iole Cordone, Andrea Mengarelli, Sabrina Strano, Giovanni Blandino, Maria G. Rizzo, Bruno Calabretta

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

MicroRNAs, non-coding regulators of gene expression, are likely to function as important downstream effectors of many transcription factors including MYB. Optimal levels of MYB are required for transformation/maintenance of BCR-ABL-expressing cells. We investigated whether MYB silencing modulates microRNA expression in Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) leukemia cells and if MYB-regulated microRNAs are important for the "MYB addiction" of these cells. Thirty-five microRNAs were modulated by MYB silencing in lymphoid and erythromyeloid chronic myeloid leukemia-blast crisis BV173 and K562 cells; 15 of these were concordantly modulated in both lines. We focused on the miR-17-92 cluster because of its oncogenic role in tumors and found …

การศึกษาฤทธิ์ของ Fluoxetine ในการยับยั้งการเจริญเติบโตและเหนี่ยวนำการตายแบบ Apoptosis ผ่านวิถี Pi3k/Akt และ Sigma-1 Receptor ใน Leukemic Cell Lines, ชนิชนม์ ชมเชย

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Fluoxetine เป็นยากลุ่ม SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) ที่ใช้ในการรักษาโรคซึมเศร้า ยาหลายตัวในกลุ่ม SSRI สามารถจับแบบจำเพาะ sigma-1 receptor แต่ในกรณี fluoxetine จะมีกลไกออกฤทธิ์จำเพาะต่อ serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.81 nM) มากกว่า sigma-1 receptor (Ki = 214–240 nM) หลายงานวิจัยรายงานว่า sigma-1 receptor แสดงออกบนเซลล์มะเร็งหลายชนิด และมีรายงานว่า antagonist สามารถลดการเพิ่มจำนวนและเหนี่ยวนำให้เกิด apoptosis แต่การทำงานร่วมกันระหว่าง fluoxetine กับ sigma-1 receptor ต่อเซลล์มะเร็ง ยังไม่ทราบกลไกการออกฤทธิ์ที่ชัดเจน งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาฤทธิ์ของ fluoxetine ในการยับยั้งการแบ่งตัวและเหนี่ยวนำให้เกิด apoptosis ผ่าน sigma-1 receptor ในเซลล์มะเร็งเม็ดเลือดขาว ผลการทดสอบพบว่า fluoxetine สามารถลดเปอร์เซ็นต์การรอดชีวิตของเซลล์ Jurkat และ U937 ได้ โดยมีค่า IC50 เท่ากับ 28 ± 1.4 และ 36 ± 1.6 uM ตามลำดับ เมื่อเซลล์ Jurkat ถูกทดสอบด้วย fluoxetine ตามระดับความเข้มข้นและระยะเวลาที่เพิ่มขึ้น พบว่าfluoxetine สามารถยับยั้งการแบ่งตัวของเซลล์ Jurkat ได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ โดยมีกลไกหยุดยั้งวัฎจักรเซลล์ที่ระยะ G2/M และลดการหลั่งไซโตไคน์ IL-2 รวมทั้งเหนี่ยวนำให้เกิด apoptosis โดยการลดการแสดงออกของโปรตีน pro caspase 9 ผ่านการยับยั้งการเกิด phosphorylation ของ AKT ในวิถี PI3K/Akt และ การถูกกระตุ้นของ sigma-1 receptor …

Detection Of Human Plasma Glucose Using A Self-Powered Glucose Biosensor, Gymama Slaughter, Tanmay Kulkarni

Bioelectrics Publications

This work presents the characterization of a self-powered glucose biosensor using individual sequential assays of human plasma glucose obtained from diabetic patients. The self-powered glucose biosensor is exploited to optimize the assay parameters for sensing plasma glucose levels. In particular, the biofuel cell component of the system at pH 7.4, 37 °C generates a power density directly proportional to plasma glucose and exhibited a maximum power density of 0.462 mW·cm⁻² at a cell voltage of 0.213 V in 5 mM plasma glucose. Plasma glucose is further sensed by monitoring the charge/discharge frequency (Hz) of the integrated capacitor functioning as …