Geriatrics Commons^™

Clonal Dynamics And Somatic Evolution Of Haematopoiesis In Mouse, Chiraag D Kapadia, Nicholas Williams, Kevin J Dawson, Caroline Watson, Matthew J Yousefzadeh, Duy Le, Kudzai Nyamondo, Sreeya Kodavali, Alex Cagan, Sarah Waldvogel, Xiaoyan Zhang, Josephine De La Fuente, Daniel Leongamornlert, Emily Mitchell, Marcus A Florez, Krzysztof Sosnowski, Rogelio Aguilar, Alejandra Martell, Anna Guzman, David Harrison, Laura J Niedernhofer, Katherine Y King, Peter J Campbell, Jamie Blundell, Margaret A Goodell, Jyoti Nangalia

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Haematopoietic stem cells maintain blood production throughout life1. Although extensively characterized using the laboratory mouse, little is known about clonal selection and population dynamics of the haematopoietic stem cell pool during murine ageing. We isolated stem cells and progenitors from young and old mice, identifying 221,890 somatic mutations genome-wide in 1,845 single-cell-derived colonies. Mouse stem cells and progenitors accrue approximately 45 somatic mutations per year, a rate only approximately threefold greater than human progenitors despite the vastly different organismal sizes and lifespans. Phylogenetic patterns show that stem and multipotent progenitor cell pools are established during embryogenesis, after which …

Optimizing The Well-Being Of Residents Diagnosed With Dementia: An Activities Calendar And Guide For Cognitive And Physical Engagement, Kaylex L. Monteagudo Parra

Undergraduate Theses

This thesis explores the critical role of structured activities in enhancing the cognitive, emotional, and physical well-being of individuals with dementia. Drawing on evidence-based research and practical experience as an Activities Assistant, it emphasizes how engaging, person-centered activities can mitigate symptoms, improve quality of life, and promote social interaction across the stages of disease progression. The research culminates in the development of an ideal activities calendar tailored to patients with dementia, accompanied by a comprehensive guide detailing activity benefits, implementation strategies, and required resources. This framework addresses the unique challenges of dementia care, offering practical tools for caregivers to adapt …

Inhibition Of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Confers Neuroprotection And Restores Microglial Homeostasis In A Tauopathy Mouse Model, Shuo Wang, Chuangye Qi, Chetan Rajpurohit, Baijayanti Ghosh, Wen Xiong, Baiping Wang, Yanyan Qi, Sung Hee Hwang, Bruce D Hammock, Hongjie Li, Li Gan, Hui Zheng

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Background: The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are derivatives of the arachidonic acid metabolism with anti-inflammatory activities. However, their efficacy is limited due to the rapid hydrolysis by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Inhibition of sEH has been shown to stabilize the EETs and reduce neuroinflammation in Aβ mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the role of the sEH-EET signaling pathway in other CNS cell types and neurodegenerative conditions are less understood.

Methods: Here we investigated the mechanisms and functional role of the sEH-EET axis in tauopathy by treating PS19 mice with a small molecule sEH inhibitor TPPU and by crossing the …

Impact Of Age On Biology, Presentation And Outcomes In Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Results From A Multicenter Cohort Study, Pallawi Torka, Natalie S. Grover, Timothy J. Voorhees, Reem Karmali, Kaitlin Annunzio, Marcus P. Watkins, Andrea Anampa-Guzmán, Heather Reves, Montreh Tavakkoli, Beth Christian, Colin Thomas, Stefan K. Barta, Praveen Ramakrishnan Geethakumari, Nancy L. Bartlett, Geoffrey Shouse, Adam J. Olszewski, Narendranath Epperla

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Given the paucity of age-specific data about biology, presentation, and treatment outcomes in adults with MZL, we sought to evaluate differences between younger (≤ 70 years) and older (> 70 years) patients with MZL in a large retrospective cohort treated in the contemporary era (2010 onwards). The primary objective was progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary objectives included the evaluation of overall survival (OS) and the cumulative incidence of transformation between the 2 groups. A total of 598 patients were included in the analysis and among these 32% were > 70 years of age. There were no age-based differences in the prevalence …

The Havcr1-Centric Host Factor Network Drives Zika Virus Vertical Transmission, Wenzhe Yu, Jun Tao, Hongmin Cao, Wanshan Zheng, Beiang Zhang, Yue Zhang, Peiqun Xu, Yiwei Zhang, Xuan Liu, Yinan Wang, Han Cai, Gang Liu, Fan Liu, Haibin Wang, Haiyan Zhao, Indira U Mysorekar, Xiaoqian Hu, Bin Cao

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Zika virus (ZIKV) vertical transmission results in devastating congenital malformations and pregnancy complications; however, the specific receptor and host factors facilitating ZIKV maternal-fetal transmission remain elusive. Here, we employ a genome-wide CRISPR screening and identify multiple placenta-intrinsic factors modulating ZIKV infection. Our study unveils that hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 (HAVCR1) serves as a primary receptor governing ZIKV entry in placental trophoblasts. The GATA3-HAVCR1 axis regulates heterogeneous cell tropism in the placenta. Notably, placenta-specific Havcr1 deletion in mice significantly impairs ZIKV transplacental transmission and associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. Mechanistically, the immunoglobulin variable-like domain of HAVCR1 binds to ZIKV via …

Incident Hearing Loss And Subsequent Risk Of Dementia: The Health And Retirement Study 2010-2018, Jingkai Wei, Youngran Kim, Yike Li, Donglan Zhang, Casey Crump

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and Objectives

Research Design and Methods

Life Course Analysis: How Social Needs And Family Dynamics Impact Clinical Decision-Making, Vito Agrusa, Laila N. Abdallah, Bryen Turco

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

The authors explore Life Course Analysis and how social needs (including pet care), changing demographics, and loneliness affect inpatient hospitalization and clinical decision making.

Histone H3 Cysteine 110 Enhances Iron Metabolism And Modulates Replicative Life Span In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Chen Cheng, Brenna S Mccauley, Nedas Matulionis, Maria Vogelauer, Dimitrios Camacho, Heather R Christofk, Weiwei Dang, Nicholas A T Irwin, Siavash K Kurdistani

Center on Aging Staff Publications

The discovery of histone H3 copper reductase activity provides a novel metabolic framework for understanding the functions of core histone residues, which, unlike N-terminal residues, have remained largely unexplored. We previously demonstrated that histone H3 cysteine 110 (H3C110) contributes to cupric (Cu2+) ion binding and its reduction to the cuprous (Cu1+) form. However, this residue is absent in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, raising questions about its evolutionary and functional significance. Here, we report that H3C110 has been lost in many fungal lineages despite near-universal conservation across eukaryotes. Introduction of H3C110 into S. cerevisiae increased intracellular Cu1+ levels and ameliorated the iron …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of A Non-Pharmacological Sleep Bundle For The Prevention Of Delirium In Geriatric Patients In The Intensive Care Unit: A Scoping Review, Morgan Wilkins Bsn, Rn, Vanessa D'Amico Bsn, Rn, Alyssa Goyda Bsn, Rn, Seema Janga Bsn, Rn, Kaylin Story Bsn, Rn, Tracy Mcclinton Dnp, Aprn, Agacnp-Bc

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Purpose/Background

Delirium is an acute disorder yielding cognitive deficits, such as disruption in attention and awareness. It impacts approximately 50% of individuals over the age of 65 who are admitted to the hospital and is prevalent with patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). ICU delirium is associated with adverse outcomes, including higher morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and chronic neurocognitive deficits. Research demonstrates that implementation of a non-pharmacological sleep bundle can reduce the overall occurrence of delirium. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine the efficacy of a non-pharmacological sleep bundle on the incidence of ICU delirium in …

Training To Move An Evidence-Based Dementia Caregiver Support Program Into Practice: A Pragmatic, Randomized, Non-Inferiority Trial Protocol, Nancy A. Hodgson, Miranda V. Mcphillips, Karen B. Hirschman, Emily Summerhayes, Catherine Verrier Piersol, Laura N. Gitlin

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Background

Objective

Increased Rates Of Dysphagia, Longer Length Of Stay, Nonroutine Discharge, And Higher Hospital Costs In Patients Over 65 Undergoing Single-Level Cervical Disc Arthroplasty: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis, Paul G. Mastrokostas, Leonidas E. Mastrokostas, Ahmed K. Emara, Ian J. Wellington, Elizabeth Ginalis, Jonathan Dalton, Amrit S. Khalsa, Jad Bou Monsef, Afshin E. Razi, Mitchell K. Ng

Rothman Institute Papers

CONTEXT: Cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) is a safe and effective treatment for cervical spine conditions, with increasing utilization. As the population over 65 grows, understanding the suitability of CDA in older patients is critical.

AIMS: This study evaluates differences in postoperative complications, hospital course, and costs between patients aged 18 and 65 and those over 65 undergoing CDA.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient Sample, a nationally representative database of U.S. hospital discharges.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing single-level CDA from 2016 to 2020 were identified. The cohort was divided into two groups: …

Aging-Related Hearing Decline And Resting State Networks, Cassidy S. T. Ellsworth

College of Education and Human Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This study investigated the effects of age-related hearing decline on functional networks using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The main objective of the present study was to examine resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and graph theory-based network efficiency metrics in forty-nine adults categorized by age and hearing thresholds to identify the neural mechanisms of age-related hearing decline. RsFC within key brain networks and auditory-related brain regions, including the default mode network, salience network, dorsal attention network, and primary auditory cortices, was assessed using region-of-interest (ROI)-based and graph theory approaches. Functional metrics, such as rsFC strength and global and local efficiency, …

Pencegahan Sindrom Delirium Akut Pada Pasien Lansia Di Rawat Inap, Vera Vera

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Acute delirium syndrome is often found in hospitalized older patients, requiring longer hospital stay and higher hospital cost. Studies showed that 40% of these delirium cases in older patients may be prevented with multicomponent intervention based on National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) guidelines. This article explained multicomponent intervention, which includes protocols for disorientation, dehydration, hypoxia, constipation, malnutrition, pain control, infection control, infection prevention, drugs evaluation, early mobilization, and education for patients’ family / caregiver. Prevention of acute delirium syndrome in hospitalized older patients will reduce the medical cost and distress among …

Stop The Bleed! Acute Epistaxis Management, Christopher R. Cannell

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Epistaxis, the most common Otolaryngology-related emergency, is responsible for one in 200 emergency department (ED) visits in the United States (US) and one-third of otolaryngology visits.^1,11 Up to 60% of the population will experience epistaxis during their lifetime, and 6% -10 % will require medical intervention.^2,3 Epistaxis occurs in children and adults and has a seasonal variation. Although 85% of nosebleeds are idiopathic, they are more frequent in those on supplemental oxygen, anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, and in those with other conditions that may predispose them to bleeding. Most clinicians will encounter patients with acute epistaxis; therefore, it is …

Using The 5ms Framework To Advance Aging-Responsive Care For Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction, Abigail Latimer, Debra K. Moser, Jia-Rong Wu, Kim K. Birtcher, Malachy J. Clancy, Jennifer D. Portz, Joanna Paladino, Daniel D. Matlock, Christopher E. Knoepke

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Complexity of care is the inevitable consequence of an aging population and is particularly true in instances where patients are managing chronic conditions such as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). HFrEF itself is complex, with an undulating course of illness, increased risk of sudden cardiac death, and myriad accompanying treatment considerations. Generalist management of HFrEF among older patients is further complicated by competing comorbidities, potential for financial toxicity, potential for mental health symptoms, and risk of care with does not align with goals and preferences. The 5Ms (multicomplexity, mind, mobility, medications, and matters most) is a holistic conceptualization …

Cancer Of Unknown Primary With Squamous Cell Carcinoma Phenotype Presenting As Isolated Axillary Mass, Nicole Liang, Mohamed Ashal, Lynne J. Goebel

Internal Medicine

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a rare metastatic malignancy where no primary tumor can be found. We report the case of a 71-year-old female with a strong family history of breast cancer presenting with isolated axillary lymphadenopathy after a tick bite. A biopsy of the axillary mass revealed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and after extensive evaluation, she was diagnosed with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma with unknown primary tumor. We present this case because of the role of confounding history complicating her initial diagnosis and bringing awareness to a rare disease.

A Preliminary Report Of The Carotenoid Assessment In Adults 50 Years Of Age And Older In Louisiana, Mary-Catherine Feazell

Master's Theses

Fruits and vegetables are at the core of a healthy, balanced diet. They assist in preventing the development of chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer (Fadnes, et al., 2022). Aging is a natural biological process followed by disease, cognitive impairment, and a natural decline of the body’s ability to perform at its best. The older adult population is currently the fastest-growing population globally (El-Shebiney et al., 2022). Vitamin A is crucial for several parts of the body to function correctly. Despite the positive effects of Vitamin A on the body, the recommended dietary intake is not …

Management Of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Current Strategies And Future Prospects, Munish Sharma, Vivek Paudyal, Saifullah Khalid Syed, Rubi Thapa, Nadeem Kassam, Salim Surani

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), now known as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), has induced significant treatment breakthroughs in the past decade. Treatment has focused on improving patient survival and quality of life, and delaying disease progression. Current therapies are categorized based on targeting different pathways known to contribute to PAH, including endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs), phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5 inhibitors), prostacyclin analogs, soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, and activin signaling inhibitors such as Sotatercept. The latest addition to treatment options is soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, such as Riociguat, which directly stimulates the nitric oxide pathway, facilitating vasodilation. Looking to the future, advancements in …

Quantitative Profiling Ph Heterogeneity Of Acidic Endolysosomal Compartments Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy, Dinghuan Deng, Youchen Guan, Ayse Sena Mutlu, Baiping Wang, Shihong Max Gao, Hui Zheng, Meng C Wang

Center on Aging Staff Publications

The endolysosomal system plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and promoting organism fitness. The pH of its acidic compartments is a crucial parameter for proper function, and it is dynamically influenced by both intracellular and environmental factors. Here, we present a method based on fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for quantitatively analyzing the pH profiles of acidic endolysosomal compartments in diverse types of primary mammalian cells and in live organism Caenorhabditis elegans. This FLIM-based method exhibits high sensitivity in resolving subtle pH differences, thereby revealing heterogeneity within a cell and across cell types. This method enables rapid …

Robotic First Rib Resection With Adjuvant Endovascular Therapy For Chronic Paget-Schroetter Syndrome, Alejandro Zulbaran-Rojas, Miguel Montero-Baker, Nihanth Palivela, Catherine Park, Bijan Najafi, Jayer Chung, Joseph L Mills, Bryan M Burt

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Background: Patients with acute Paget-Schroetter syndrome (PSS) are treated with endovascular therapy and first rib resection (FRR); however the care of patients with chronic PSS is less well understood. This report describes an emerging approach of robotic-FRR, with adjuvant endovascular therapy, for chronic PSS.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective analysis was conducted of patients undergoing robotic-FRR for chronic PSS between 2017 and 2020. Chronic PSS was defined by subclavian vein (SCV) fibrosis identified on duplex ultrasound examination. Patency and clinical outcomes were compared before and after robotic-FRR.

Results: Fifteen robotic-FRRs in 14 patients with chronic PSS were analyzed. Median time between …

Preserving Privacy In Senior Care At Home Monitoring Systems, Sam Russel, Ryan Benton, Amy Campbell, Scott Sittig

Shelby Hall Graduate Research Forum Posters

Many seniors prefer to live at home which necessitates research into the application of technologies to provide a safer environment with less caregiver resources. However, the application of home health care (HHC) monitoring for seniors is still in an evolutionary stage. Present HHC systems are produced by private companies with general regulatory guidelines lacking specific care of the elderly. As such, each company that produces such a system claims to have better safety, privacy, and security that their competitors. A pressing issues is devising and applying a general framework for the application of technologies that delivers safety while preserving privacy. …

Acute Care For Elders Unit Implementation At Banner Health: A Quality Improvement Analysis, Jacob Lahti, Tony Gaidici, Shreya Bharath, Esha Saraswat, Nimit Agarwal

Annual Research Symposium

There is an increasing need to optimize hospital care for older adults as Age Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) become increasingly popular. Geriatric patients may often be subject to extended hospital stays, which can result in functional decline, increases in hospital-acquired injury, infections, and neurocognitive deterioration. Early acute inpatient rehabilitation (IRF) is known to improve functional optimization of older adults as compared to therapy in a skilled nursing facility (SNF). In this study we demonstrate the effect of a structured program based on the 4Ms of AFHS in our newly established Acute Care for Elders (ACE) unit, a first in Arizona. …

Synergistic Effects Of Plasma S100b And Mri Measures Of Cerebrovascular Disease On Cognition In Older Adults, Colleen A. Pappas, Christopher E. Bauer, Valentinos Zachariou, Timothy Justin Libecap, Beatriz Rodolpho, Tiffany L. Sudduth, Peter T. Nelson, Gregory Jicha, Anika M. S. Hartz, Xingfeng Shao, Danny J. J. Wang, Brian T. Gold

Neurology Faculty Publications

There is growing interest in studying vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and developing biomarkers to identify at-risk individuals. A combination of biofluid and neuroimaging markers may better profile early stage VCID than individual measures. Here, we tested this possibility focusing on plasma levels of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), which has been linked with blood– brain-barrier (BBB) integrity, and neuroimaging measures assessing BBB function (water exchange rate across the BBB (kw)) and cerebral small vessel disease (white matter hyperintensities (WMHs)). A total of 74 older adults without dementia had plasma samples collected and underwent cognitive assessment. A …

Associations Between Deficit Accumulation Frailty And Baseline Markers Of Lifestyle In The Us Pointer Trial, Mark A Espeland, Yitbarek N Demesie, Kayloni Olson, Samuel N Lockhart, Sarah E Tomaszewski Farias, Maryjo L Cleveland, Christy C Tangney, Lucia Crivelli, Heather M Snyder, Michele K York, Laura D Baker, Rachel A Whitmer, Rena R Wing, Katelyn R Garcia, Kathryn E Callahan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Multidomain lifestyle interventions may have the potential to slow biological aging as captured by deficit accumulation frailty indices. We describe the distribution and composition of the 49-component frailty index developed by the U.S. POINTER clinical trial team of investigators and assess its cross-sectional associations with sociodemographic factors and markers chosen to be representative of behaviors targeted by the trial's multidomain interventions.

METHODS: We draw baseline data from the 2 111 volunteers enrolled in U.S. POINTER who were ages 60-79 years and at increased risk for cognitive decline. Frailty components were grouped into 9 domains. Associations that frailty index scores …

Art And Design As Tools For Memory Care Navigation And Connection Building, Vidhi Mishra, Muskan Malik, Rhea P. Nawaz, Erin E. Partridge

Art Therapy | Project Reports

Memory care environments present unique challenges for residents experiencing cognitive decline. This white paper explores the role of art-centered design and innovative UX research to develop tools that enhance navigation autonomy and foster social connections. The proposed solutions prioritize resident well-being while offering scalable frameworks for implementation across senior living communities.

An Evaluation Of Nhmrc Funded Dementia And Diabetes Research, Etienne Vignola-Gagné Phd, Dmitrii Malkov, Elisabeth Browning, Jörg Hellwig Phd, Luigi Rocco Phd, Henrique Pinheiro, Alexandre Bédard-Vallée

Public Reports

This report, commissioned by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), provides comprehensive insights into the research outputs, outcomes, and impacts of NHMRC-funded health and medical research in the areas of dementia and diabetes to support NHMRC's mission of ‘building a healthy Australia.’

A Quality Improvement Approach To Reducing Post-Surgical Acute Care Falls, Tiffany C. Mitchell

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Projects - Archive

Inpatient falls remain one of the most preventable adverse events in hospitals. Falls result in serious injuries and increasing healthcare costs. This quality improvement project evaluates the implementation of Fall TIPS to reduce fall incidence and promote sustainable safety practices.

Multisociety Guidance For Infection Prevention And Control In Nursing Homes, Lona Mody, Sonali D. Advani, Muhammad Salman Ashraf, Allison H. Bartlett, Suzanne F. Bradley, Deborah P. Burdsall, Jennifer A. Hanrahan, Susan S. Huang, Robert L.P. Jump, Lindsay Nicolle, Mary-Claire Roghmann, Patricia Stone, Rekha K. Murthy

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

This multisociety guidance was endorsed by SHEA, APIC, IDSA, PALTmed, and AGS. It provides recommendations for infection prevention and control (IPC) in the context of the complexity of nursing home care in the United States: increased medical acuity of residents, the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms, and the threat of emerging pathogens. Recommendations and implementation suggestions address IPC leadership, staffing, and resources, healthcare personnel and residents‘ adherence to precautions and effective hand hygiene, outbreak preparedness, training, occupational health, cleaning and disinfection in the care environment, and the involvement of IPC in the facility. The guidance also addresses the challenges of maintaining …

A Rare Case Of Metastatic Myxofibrosarcoma To The Right Colon, Timothy K. Farrell, Matthew A. Carnell, Vincent J. Obias

Department Surgery Faculty Publications

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is a common soft tissue sarcoma typically arising in the extremities of older adults. Metastatic spread usually involves the lungs, lymph nodes, or bone. We describe a rare case of metastatic MFS to the colon in a 76-year-old man, three years after surgical excision and radiation treatment for a left flank primary tumor. The patient presented with symptoms of obstipation and was found to have a 4 cm cecal mass confirmed by imaging and colonoscopy. Biopsy and surgical pathology confirmed metastatic MFS. A right colectomy was performed without complication. This case highlights an uncommon site of MFS metastasis …

Awareness Of The Physiological Changes Occurring In Older Adults Can Reduce Dehydration And Electrolyte Imbalances, Lisa Isley

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Background: Individuals over 65 years are at an increased risk of dehydration. The physiological changes that occur with age and medication consumption can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances that can physically and mentally impair individuals over 65 years old. Objective: By providing education to individuals 65 years and older regarding the significance of drinking water and consuming electrolytes daily, older adults can reduce their dehydration symptoms and improve their quality of life. Method: The proposed research is a quasi-experimental study geared towards individuals 65 years and older. The quasi-experimental study will include two pre-surveys and then two post-surveys. The survey …