Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons^™

Response To Comments On Aisha Sheikh Et Al (J Pak Med Assoc. 70: 1477, 2020) Changing Prevalence Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy Over More Than A Decade, Aisha Sheikh, Lumaan Sheikh

Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

No abstract provided.

Changing Prevalence Of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy Over More Than A Decade, Aisha Sheikh, Lumaan Sheikh

Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

No abstract provided.

Poorly Controlled Diabetes Mellitus Alters Placental Structure, Efficiency, And Plasticity., Jackson Nteeba, Kaela M. Varberg, Regan L. Scott, Mikaela E. Simon, Khursheed Iqbal, Michael J. Soares

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: The hemochorial placenta provides a critical barrier at the maternal-fetal interface to modulate maternal immune tolerance and enable gas and nutrient exchange between mother and conceptus. Pregnancy outcomes are adversely affected by diabetes mellitus; however, the effects of poorly controlled diabetes on placental formation, and subsequently fetal development, are not fully understood.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Streptozotocin was used to induce hyperglycemia in pregnant rats for the purpose of investigating the impact of poorly controlled diabetes on placental formation and fetal development. The experimental paradigm of hypoxia exposure in the pregnant rat was also used to assess properties of …

Prediction Of Neonatal Birthweight Associated With Maternal Obesity And Diabetes, Laura Gleason, Rebekah Mccurdy, Md, Mph

Phase 1

Introduction: To design a model that will predict neonatal birth weight within obese mothers by diabetic status.

Methods: A secondary data analysis of an RCT (NCT 02909582) was utilized to create a neonatal birth weight prediction model. Women (n=325) with a BMI > 35 kg/m2 from a tertiary academic institution, 2016 – 2019, were included to estimate the risk of large for gestational age (LGA) infants and neonatal birth weight based on maternal prepregnancy BMI and diabetic status. LGA was defined as an infant birth weight > 90th percentile. Analysis included Chi-square, t-test, multivariate logistic and linear regression.

Results: Mean birthweight did …

Increase Postpartum Gestational Diabetes Screening, Kari Ayala, Angela Bonin, Rachael Baker, Susan Chin, Brian Drake, Joseph Kaempf, Christina Malango, Judy Marvin, Shelly Johnson

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Introduction:

Diabetic women did not get follow up screening after delivery. Nurses are finding a way to screen more women.

Maternal Characteristics And Outcomes Affected By Hypothyroidism During Pregnancy (Maternal Hypothyroidism On Pregnancy Outcomes, Mhpo-1), Zareen Kiran, Aisha Sheikh, Sarwar Malik, Areeba Meraj, Maha Masood, Safana Ismail, Owais Rashid, Quratulain Shaikh, Numan Majeed, Lumaan Sheikh, Najmul Islam

Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism

Background: Hypothyroidism in pregnancy is an arena of ongoing research, with international conflicts regarding screening, management, and outcomes. Various studies have described the outcomes depending on geographical and international diagnostic criteria. No study has been conducted in this regard from the region of Pakistan. Therefore, we aim to report the clinical features and maternal outcomes of hypothyroid pregnancies and compare the maternal outcomes between uncontrolled and controlled TSH levels in the preconception as well as the gestational period.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study on 718 cases in the Aga Khan University Hospital after ethical approval. We collected information …

Colostrum And Mature Breast Milk Analysis Of Serum Irisin And Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Proteins-1c In Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Erum Khalid, Asma Akbar Ladak, Syed Adnan Ali

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: We aimed to evaluate irisin and SREBP-1c levels in serum, colostrum and mature breast milk in women with and without gestational diabetes (GDM); and to relate them with maternal glucose, lipid profile and weight status of babies.
Methods: GDM positive women (n = 33) and normal glucose tolerant women (NGT) (n = 33) were recruited. Maternal blood samples were collected at 28th week of gestation and later at 6-week post-partum while breast milk samples of the lactating mothers were collected within 72 hours of birth (colostrum) and at 6 weeks post-partum (mature milk). Irisin and SREBP-1c levels were analyzed …

Individual Free Fatty Acids Have Unique Associations With Inflammatory Biomarkers, Insulin Resistance And Insulin Secretion In Healthy And Gestational Diabetic Pregnant Women., Xinhua Chen, T Peter Stein, Robert A Steer, Theresa O Scholl

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Faculty Scholarship

Objective: We investigated the relationships of maternal circulating individual free fatty acids (FFA) with insulin resistance, insulin secretion and inflammatory biomarkers during mid-pregnancy.

Research design and methods: The data were drawn from a prospective cohort of generally healthy pregnant women (n=1368, African-American 36%, Hispanic 48%, Caucasian 16%) in Camden, NJ. We quantitatively determined 11 FFAs, seven cytokine/adipokine, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and C-peptide levels from the fasting blood samples that were collected at 16 weeks of gestation. Multivariate analyses were performed along with separate analyses for each individual FFA.

Results: High HOMA-IR (p

Conclusion: Our results suggest …

Metabolism During Pregnancy And Postpartum: How Does It Change And What Factors Influence It?, Kristin Yoho

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

PURPOSE: Pregnancy is a physically impactful process in a woman’s life. During this time, a woman will gain weight and research has shown that many women will retain some extra weight after delivery. Because of this, recovery in the postpartum period is pivotal to avoiding the implications of weight retention. The postpartum period is vastly understudied in both the research and medical communities and this gap between pregnancy and postpartum research needs to be bridged. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate metabolic changes from pregnancy to postpartum and to study how factors such as sleep and breastfeeding …

Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (Acls) And Obstetrical Critical Care (Ob Cc) Education For High Risk Labor And Delivery Nurses In Caring For Growing Population Of High Risk Patients, Tracey E. Mcmillan

Interprofessional Research and Innovations Council

Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) and Obstetrical Critical Care (OB CC) education for high risk Labor and Delivery nurses in caring for growing population of high risk patients

Tracey E. McMillan RNC, BSN

Clinical Nurse III

Labor and Delivery Unit Coordinator

BACKGROUND: Many studies show that an increasing number of pregnant women in the United States have chronic health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic heart disease. The factors that place a pregnancy at risk can be divided into four categories: existing health conditions, age, lifestyle factors and conditions of pregnancy. The recent statistics from the Centers for Disease …

Web-Based Glucose Monitoring Using The Telcare® Wireless System For Management Of Pregnant Women With Pregestational Diabetes., Marc A. Vengrove Do, Facp, Emma Qureshey Md, Helai Hesham Md, Meredith Rochon Md, Joshua Cohen Bs, John C. Smulian Md, Mph

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

“Just Because A Doctor Says Something, Doesn’T Mean That [It] Will Happen”: Self-Perception As Having A Fertility Problem Among Infertility Patients, Ophra Leyser-Whalen, Arthur L. Greil, Julia Mcquillan, Katherine M. Johnson

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Only some individuals who have the medically defined condition ‘infertility’ adopt a self-definition as having a fertility problem, which has implications for social and behavioral responses, yet there is no clear consensus on why some people and not others adopt a medical label. We use interview data from 28 women and men who sought medical infertility treatment to understand variations in self-identification. Results highlight the importance of identity disruption for understanding the dialectical relationship between medical contact and self-identification, as well as how diagnosis acts both as a category and a process. Simultaneously integrating new medical knowledge from testing and …

Risk Of Glucose Intolerance And Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Relation To Maternal Habitual Snoring During Early Pregnancy., Chunfang Qiu, Wayne Lawrence, Bizu Gelaye, Lee Stoner, Ihunnaya O Frederick, Daniel A Enquobahrie, Tanya K Sorensen, Michelle A Williams

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or habitual snoring is known to be associated with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes among both men and non-pregnant women. We examined the association of habitual snoring during early pregnancy with risk of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

METHODS: A cohort of 1,579 women was interviewed during early pregnancy. We collected information about snoring frequency during early pregnancy. Results from screening and diagnostic tests for IGT and GDM were abstracted from medical records. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% …

Antenatal Glucocorticoid Treatment Is Associated With Diurnal Cortisol Regulation In Term-Born Children, M. N. Edelmann, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn, D. A. Wing, Elyssia Poggi Davis

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Due to the rapid developmental changes that occur during the fetal period, prenatal influences can affect the developing central nervous system with lifelong consequences for physical and mental health. Glucocorticoids are one of the proposed mechanisms by which fetal programing occurs. Glucocorticoids pass through the blood-brain barrier and target receptors throughout the central nervous system. Unlike endogenous glucocorticoids, synthetic glucocorticoids readily pass through the placental barrier to reach the developing fetus. The synthetic glucocorticoid, betamethasone, is routinely given prenatally to mothers at risk for preterm delivery. Over 25% of the fetuses exposed to betamethasone will be born at term. Few …

Enhanced Estrogen-Induced Proliferation In Obese Rat Endometrium, Qian Zhang, Qi Shen, Joseph Celestino, Michael R Milam, Shannon N Westin, Robin A Lacour, Larissa A Meyer, Gregory L Shipley, Peter J A Davies, Lei Deng, Adrienne S Mccampbell, Russell R Broaddus, Karen H Lu

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that the proliferative estrogen effect on the endometrium is enhanced in obese vs lean animals.

STUDY DESIGN: Using Zucker fa/fa obese rats and lean control, we examined endometrial cell proliferation and the expression patterns of certain estrogen-regulated proproliferative and antiproliferative genes after short-term treatment with estradiol.

RESULTS: No significant morphologic/histologic difference was seen between the obese rats and the lean rats. Estrogen-induced proproliferative genes cyclin A and c-Myc messenger RNA expression were significantly higher in the endometrium of obese rats compared with those of the lean control. Expression of the antiproliferative gene p27Kip1 was suppressed …

Pregnancy Outcome In Primiparae Of Advanced Maternal Age, Ilse Delbaere, Hans Verstraelen, Sylvie Goetgeluk, Guy Martens, Guy De Backer, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objective: To investigate the impact of maternal age on singleton pregnancy outcome, taking into account intermediate and confounding factors.

Study design: In this population-based retrospective cohort study, perinatal data of primiparous women aged 35 years or more ( n = 2970), giving birth to a singleton child of at least 500 g, were compared to data of primiparous women aged 25–29 years old ( n = 23,921). Univariate analysis was used to assess the effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. The effects of intermediate (hypertension, diabetes and assisted conception) and confounding factors (level of education) were assessed through multivariable …

Prevalence And Risk Factors For Vaginal Candida Colonization In Women With Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes, Ella M. De Leon, Scott J. Jacober, Jack D. Sobel, Betsy Foxman

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Diabetes mellitus increases the rate of vaginal colonization and infection with Candida species

Methods

We surveyed women with diabetes receiving care at either an urban or suburban diabetes clinic to examine the relationship between vaginal Candida colonization, diabetes type and duration, and HbA_1c level. 101 participants completed the self-administered questionnaire and self-collected a vaginal swab for Candida culture. Candida colonization was similar by age and race.

Results

Type 1 diabetics were three times as likely as type 2 diabetics to be colonized with any Candida species (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.03, 11.41; p = 0.04); even …