Allergy and Immunology Commons^™

A Real-World Characterization Of Patients Receiving Biologics For Type 2 Inflammatory Diseases In A Tertiary Rhinology Practice, T. Blaise Marshall, Matthew Lelegren, Joseph K. Han, Kent Lam

Eastern Virginia Medical Journal

Background: Biologic therapies, such as omalizumab, mepolizumab, dupilumab, and benralizumab, are increasingly used in the treatment of various type 2 inflammatory diseases, including chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP), asthma, and atopic dermatitis. While these biologic therapies have demonstrated efficacy and safety in their respective clinical trials, real-world characterization of the use of biologic therapies provides insight into how these treatments are prescribed and utilized among the general population.

Objective: We aim to characterize the patient population in a single tertiary otolaryngology practice that is receiving biologic therapies for all type 2 inflammatory diseases.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart …

The Prevalence And Effects Of Gestational Maternal Allergy: A Narrative Review, Alice Werynski Bs, Kang Chen Phd

Medical Student Research Symposium

Title:

The Prevalence and Effects of Gestational Maternal Allergy: A Narrative Review

Authors:

Alice Werynski B.S, Kang Chen Ph.D

Background:

Maternal allergies are a prevalent yet overlooked category of gestational disease. Pregnancy is characterized by a Th2 dominant immunological environment, and because many allergic diseases also rely on Th2 cytokines and IgE-mediated pathways, allergy during pregnancy may impact symptoms and influence maternal and fetal outcomes.

Methods:

This narrative review summarizes and compares literature on the prevalence of allergic conditions in pregnancy, their immunologic mechanisms, and their effects on maternal health, fetal development, and treatment safety. The search was conducted through …

Ai Model For Predicting Asthma Prognosis In Children, Elham Sagheb, Chung-Il Wi, Katherine S King, Bhavani Singh Agnikula Kshatriya, Euijung Ryu, Hongfang Liu, Miguel A Park, Hee Yun Seol, Shauna M Overgaard, Deepak K Sharma, Young J Juhn, Sunghwan Sohn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Childhood asthma often continues into adulthood, but some children experience remission. Utilizing electronic health records (EHRs) to predict asthma prognosis can aid health care providers and patients in developing effective prioritized care plans.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to develop artificial intelligence (AI) models using various clinical variables extracted from EHRs to predict childhood asthma prognosis (remission vs no remission) in different age groups.

METHODS: We developed AI models utilizing patients' EHRs during the first 6, 9, or 12 years of their lives to predict their asthma prognosis status at ages 6 to 9, 9 to 12, or 12 to 15 …

Association Of Delayed Asthma Diagnosis With Asthma Exacerbations In Children, Chung-Il Wi, Euijung Ryu, Katherine S King, Jung Hyun Kwon, Joshua T Bublitz, Miguel Park, Sergio E Chiarella, Jason D Greenwood, Thanai Pongdee, Lynnea Myers, Björn Nordlund, Sunghwan Sohn, Elham Sagheb, Bhavani Singh Agnikula Kshatriya, Dave Watson, Hongfang Liu, Beverley J Sheares, Carla M Davis, Wade Schulz, Young J Juhn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There is a significant delay between symptom onset and diagnosis of childhood asthma, but the impact of this delay on asthma outcomes has not been well understood.

Objectives: We sought to study the association of delayed diagnosis of asthma with asthma exacerbations (AEs) in children.

Methods: Using the Mayo Clinic birth cohort, we identified children with a diagnosis of asthma from electronic health records. We defined onset date as the date when subjects first met predetermined asthma criteria ascertained by an electronic health records-based natural language processing algorithm. Delay in diagnosis (DD) was defined as first diagnosis >30 days …

A Systematic Review And Expert Delphi Consensus Recommendation On The Use Of Vaccines In Patients Receiving Dupilumab: A Position Paper Of The American College Of Allergy, Asthma And Immunology, Jay A Lieberman, Derek K Chu, Tasnuva Ahmed, Timothy E Dribin, Elissa M Abrams, Aikaterini Anagnostou, Kimberly G Blumenthal, Mark Boguniewicz, Nicole M Chase, David B K Golden, Nicholas L Hartog, Jennifer R Heimall, Tina Ho, Monica G Lawrence, David A Khan, Timothy Dean Minniear, S Shahzad Mustafa, John J Oppenheimer, Elizabeth J Phillips, Allison Ramsey, Nicholas L Rider, Lynda Schneider, Marcus S Shaker, Jonathan M Spergel, Cosby A Stone, David R Stukus, Julie Wang, Matthew J Greenhawt

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the interleukin (IL)-4 receptor alpha subunit, thus blocking the effects of IL-4 and IL-13, and has shown efficacy in treating various conditions including asthma, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and others. Because of its immune modulatory effects, clinical trials that studied dupilumab did not allow patients to receive live vaccines during the clinical trials because of an abundance of caution, and thus package inserts recommend that patients who are being treated with dupilumab should avoid live vaccines. Because dupilumab is now approved for use in patients from 6 months of age for the …

Knowledge And Attitude Of Lebanese Adults Towards Asthma In Beirut, Lebanon, Farah Hatem Haidar, Doaa Issa, Maha Aboul Ela, Karim Raafat

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Asthma, a serious global health problem, has been an area of interest due to its increasing prevalence, expanding treatment costs, and rising burden on patients and the community. Since asthma cannot be cured, clinical episodes can be prevented and controlled by adequate management and sufficient knowledge of the disease. Appropriate treatment may relieve asthma symptoms and improve quality of life. However, poor knowledge of asthma disease and medication use, misdiagnoses, misuse of inhalers and inadequate self-management of disease symptoms may have a greater impact on the disease process. Therefore, assessment of the population’s knowledge and attitude toward asthma is essential. …

Analytical Challenges In Omics Research On Asthma And Allergy: A National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases Workshop, Supinda Bunyavanich, Patrice M Becker, Matthew C Altman, Jessica Lasky-Su, Carole Ober, Karsten Zengler, Evgeny Berdyshev, Richard Bonneau, Talal Chatila, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Kian Fan Chung, Colleen Cutcliffe, Wendy Davidson, Gang Dong, Gang Fang, Patricia Fulkerson, Blanca E Himes, Liming Liang, Rasika A Mathias, Shuji Ogino, Joseph Petrosino, Nathan D Price, Eric Schadt, James Schofield, Max A Seibold, Hanno Steen, Lisa Wheatley, Hongmei Zhang, Alkis Togias, Kohei Hasegawa

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Studies of asthma and allergy are generating increasing volumes of omics data for analysis and interpretation. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) assembled a workshop comprising investigators studying asthma and allergic diseases using omics approaches, omics investigators from outside the field, and NIAID medical and scientific officers to discuss the following areas in asthma and allergy research: genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, microbiomics, metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, integrative omics, systems biology, and causal inference. Current states of the art, present challenges, novel and emerging strategies, and priorities for progress were presented and discussed for each area. This workshop report summarizes …

To Compare The Efficacy Of Oral Deflazacort, Oral Prednisolone And Inhaled Budesonide In The Treatment Of Salbutamol Refractory Acute Asthma In Children, Santosh Kondekar, Unmesh Dev M, Surbhi Rathi, Gulrej N. Shaikh

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Background: A 22-month open-label randomized comparative study was conducted at tertiary care centre attached to medical college in metropolitan city in Maharashtra from Dec 2011 to Oct 2013, aiming to compare the effectiveness of three corticosteroid treatments - oral deflazacort, oral prednisolone, and inhaled budesonide in managing salbutamol-refractory asthma in children aged 1-14 years.

Methods: 90 afebrile children were equally allocated to the different treatment arms. Treatment arm A received oral Deflazacort (1mg/kg/day alternate day), treatment arm B received oral prednisolone (1mg/kg/day), and treatment arm C received budesonide inhaler (100 mcg/puff twice a day) for seven days, along with …

Early Administration Of Steroids In The Ambulance Setting: An Observational Design Trial (Easi-As-Odt), Jennifer N Fishe, Gerard Garvan, Andrew Bertrand, Shannon Burcham, Phyllis Hendry, Manish Shah, Kathryn Kothari, David W Ashby, Daniel Ostermeyer, Lauren Riney, Olga Semenova, Benjamin Abo, Benjamin Abes, Nichole Shimko, Emily Myers, Marshall Frank, Tim Turner, Mac Kemp, Kim Landry, Greg Roland, Kathryn V Blake

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: In the emergency department (ED), prompt administration of systemic corticosteroids for pediatric asthma exacerbations decreases hospital admission rates. However, there is sparse evidence for whether earlier administration of systemic corticosteroids by emergency medical services (EMS) clinicians, prior to ED arrival, further improves pediatric asthma outcomes.

METHODS: Early Administration of Steroids in the Ambulance Setting: An Observational Design Trial is a multicenter, observational, nonrandomized stepped-wedge design study with seven participating EMS agencies who adopted an oral systemic corticosteroid (OCS) into their protocols for pediatric asthma treatment. Using univariate analyses and multivariable mixed-effects models, we compared hospital admission rates for pediatric …

Metabolic Dysfunction, Triglyceride-Glucose Index, And Risk Of Severe Asthma Exacerbation, Kristen A Staggers, Charles Minard, Michelle Byers, Drew A Helmer, Tianshi David Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Metabolic conditions may worsen asthma. There is a need to define a composite biomarker of metabolic dysfunction that has relevance to asthma outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), a biomarker of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, with risk of severe asthma exacerbation.

METHODS: A 5-year retrospective cohort of patients with asthma receiving health care from the US Veterans Health Administration from January 1, 2015, to December 31, 2019, was constructed. Fasting TyG values were extracted. Patients were followed for a severe asthma exacerbation, defined as an asthma-related corticosteroid prescription fill or an emergency encounter …

The Evolving Landscape Of Immunotherapy For The Treatment Of Allergic Conditions., Aarti Pandya, Esosa Adah, Bridgette Jones, Rachel Chevalier

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Allergic conditions, such as asthma, chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis (AD), and eosinophilic esophagitis, have long been treated with oral and topical steroids which resulted in negative off-target effects. However, newer biologic medications are increasingly being developed and approved for treatment of these conditions. These medications have a variety of mechanisms of action to target pathophysiology specific to these diseases. As biologics become more targeted, fewer off-target effects are seen improving tolerability for patients as well as expanded options for treatment of these conditions. This review discusses monoclonal antibody therapies (omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab, tezepelumab, and tralokinumab) including their safety …

Isoprenylation Inhibition Significantly Reduces Ige Mediated Mast Cell Function And Allergic Disease, Jordan Dailey

Theses and Dissertations

Allergic disease is the 6^th leading cause of chronic illness in the US and accounts for billions of dollars in healthcare annually. Mast cells are tissue resident innate immune cells linked to allergic disease and activated by IgE and other ligands. Upon activation, they release histamine, cytokines, chemokines, proteases, and lipid mediators evoking allergic symptoms. New ways of targeting mast cells could greatly benefit allergic disease therapy. Previous findings supported repurposing statin drugs, such as Fluvastatin, as a therapeutic treatment of allergic disease reduced allergic symptoms in vitro and in vivo. We found that Fluvastatin suppressed IgE-mediated mast cell …

Ems Administration Of Systemic Corticosteroids To Pediatric Asthma Patients: An Analysis By Severity And Transport Interval, Lauren Riney, Sam Palmer, Erik Finlay, Andrew Bertrand, Shannon Burcham, Phyllis Hendry, Manish Shah, Kathryn Kothari, David Ashby, Daniel Ostermayer, Olga Semenova, Benjamin N Abo, Benjamin Abes, Nichole Shimko, Emily Myers, Marshall Frank, Tim Turner, Mac Kemp, Kim Landry, Greg Roland, Jennifer Fishe

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric asthma exacerbations are a common cause of emergency medical services (EMS) encounters. Bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids are mainstays of asthma exacerbation therapy, yet data on the efficacy of EMS administration of systemic corticosteroids are mixed. This study's objective was to assess the association between EMS administration of systemic corticosteroids to pediatric asthma patients on hospital admission rates based on asthma exacerbation severity and EMS transport intervals.

METHODS: This is a sub-analysis of the Early Administration of Steroids in the Ambulance Setting: An Observational Design Trial (EASI AS ODT). EASI AS ODT is a non-randomized, stepped wedge, observational study …

Myeloid-Associated Differentiation Marker Is Associated With Type 2 Asthma And Is Upregulated By Human Rhinovirus Infection, Sasipa Tanyaratsrisakul, Alane Blythe C Dy, Francesca Polverino, Mari Numata, Julie G Ledford

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Human rhinoviruses are known to predispose infants to asthma development during childhood and are often associated with exacerbations in asthma patients. MYADM epithelial expression has been shown to associate with asthma severity. The goal of this study was to determine if MYADM expression patterns were altered in asthma and/or rhinovirus infection and if increased MYADM expression is associated with increased asthma-associated factors.

METHODS: Utilizing H1HeLa cells and differentiated primary human airway epithelial cells (AECs), we measured the expression of MYADM and inflammatory genes by qRT-PCR in the presence or absence of RV-1B infection or poly I:C treatment and with …

Community-Based Asthma Assessment In Young Children: Adaptations For A Multicentre Longitudinal Study In South Asia, Mohammad Shahidul Islam, Samin Huq, Steven Cunningham, Jurgen Schwarze, Asmd Ashraful Islam, Mashal Amin, Farrukh Raza, Benazir Baloch, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Sajid Bashir Soofi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Systematic assessment of childhood asthma is challenging in low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings due to the lack of standardised and validated methodologies. We describe the contextual challenges and adaptation strategies in the implementation of a community-based asthma assessment in four resource-constrained settings in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan.
Method: We followed a group of children of age 6-8 years for 12 months to record their respiratory health outcomes. The study participants were enrolled at four study sites of the 'Aetiology of Neonatal Infection in South Asia (ANISA)' study. We standardised the research methods for the sites, trained field staff …

Impact Of Social Determinants On The Burden Of Asthma And Eczema: Results From A Us Patient Survey., Don A. Bukstein, Adam Friedman, Erika Gonzalez Reyes, Mary Hart, Bridgette Jones, Tonya Winders

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Little is known about how patients with asthma and eczema perceive their medical care and burden of disease. A survey was conducted to evaluate the perceptions among the general patient population with asthma and/or eczema regarding disease and treatment burden and barriers to adequate care.

METHODS: An online survey was completed by market research panelists in the USA between March 24, 2020 and April 6, 2020. Eligible participants were at least 18 years of age and endorsed a diagnosis of asthma and/or eczema. Survey responses are described for all participants, by designated racial/ethnic groups, and by income level.

RESULTS: …

Digital Health Technology In Asthma: A Comprehensive Scoping Review., Giselle Mosnaim, Guilherme Safioti, Randall Brown, Michael Depietro, Stanley J. Szefler, David M. Lang, Jay M. Portnoy, Don A. Bukstein, Leonard B. Bacharier, Rajan K. Merchant

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: A variety of digital intervention approaches have been investigated for asthma therapy during the past decade, with different levels of interactivity and personalization and a range of impacts on different outcome measurements.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of digital interventions in asthma with regard to acceptability and outcomes and evaluate the potential of digital initiatives for monitoring or treating patients with asthma.

METHODS: We evaluated digital interventions using a scoping review methodology through a literature search and review. Of 871 articles identified, 121 were evaluated to explore intervention characteristics, the perception and acceptability of digital interventions to patients and …

An International Study Of Interobserver Variability Of “String Sign” Of Pancreatic Cysts Among Experienced Endosonographers, Wanda Phipatanakul, David T Mauger, Theresa W Guilbert, Leonard B Bacharier, Sandy Durrani, Daniel J Jackson, Fernando D Martinez, Anne M Fitzpatrick, Amparito Cunningham, Susan Kunselman, Lisa M Wheatley, Cindy Bauer, Carla M Davis, Bob Geng, Kirsten M Kloepfer, Craig Lapin, Andrew H Liu, Jacqueline A Pongracic, Stephen J Teach, James Chmiel, Jonathan M Gaffin, Matthew Greenhawt, Meera R Gupta, Peggy S Lai, Robert F Lemanske, Wayne J Morgan, William J Sheehan, Jeffrey Stokes, Peter S Thorne, Hans C Oettgen, Elliot Israel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Asthma remains one of the most important challenges to pediatric public health in the US. A large majority of children with persistent and chronic asthma demonstrate aeroallergen sensitization, which remains a pivotal risk factor associated with the development of persistent, progressive asthma throughout life. In individuals with a tendency toward Type 2 inflammation, sensitization and exposure to high concentrations of offending allergens is associated with increased risk for development of, and impairment from, asthma. The cascade of biological responses to allergens is primarily mediated through IgE antibodies and their production is further stimulated by IgE responses to antigen exposure. In …

Molecular Mechanisms And Epidemiology Of Covid-19 From An Allergist’S Perspective, Koa Hosoki, Abhijit Chakraborty, Sanjiv Sur

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The global pandemic caused by the newly described severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused worldwide suffering and death of unimaginable magnitude from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The virus is transmitted through aerosol droplets, and causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 uses the receptor-binding domain of its spike protein S1 to attach to the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor in lung and airway cells. Binding requires the help of another host protein, transmembrane protease serine S1 member 2. Several factors likely contribute to the efficient transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 has a 10- to 20-fold …

Automatic Recognition, Segmentation, And Sex Assignment Of Nocturnal Asthmatic Coughs And Cough Epochs In Smartphone Audio Recordings: Observational Field Study, Filipe Barata, Peter Tinschert, Frank Rassouli, Claudia Steurer-Stey, Elgar Fleisch, Milo Puhan, Martin Brutsche, David Kotz, Tobias Kowatsch

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases. Despite increased investment in treatment, little progress has been made in the early recognition and treatment of asthma exacerbations over the last decade. Nocturnal cough monitoring may provide an opportunity to identify patients at risk for imminent exacerbations. Recently developed approaches enable smartphone-based cough monitoring. These approaches, however, have not undergone longitudinal overnight testing nor have they been specifically evaluated in the context of asthma. Also, the problem of distinguishing partner coughs from patient coughs when two or more people are sleeping in the same room using contact-free audio …

The Effects Of Implementing A Smartphone Application To Improve Asthma Self-Management In Adults, Lindsay J. Humpfer

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases, affecting 20.4 million adults in the United States (CDC, 2018). While asthma can generally be controlled, patients having an exacerbation may experience missed days of work and school, limitations in daily activities, decreased enjoyment of life, and decreased productivity at home, work, and school (MarcanoBelisario et al., 2013). Therefore, the purpose of this project was to improve patients’ overall asthma control and asthma-related quality of life by encouraging self-management through patient education and the implementation of a mobile smartphone application. A total of 26 adult primary care patients with asthma participated …

Allergen Specific Immunotherapy And The Effect On Allergy Induced Asthma, Cord Tanner Landrum

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Papers

Allergies are a major public health problem affecting over 300 million people worldwide (Asamoah et. al). An allergic response can occur when a harmless substance, such as tree pollen, is inhaled into the body and mistakenly identified as a harmful substance. Antibodies then bind to the allergen causing a release of chemicals that leads to symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this reaction can also affect the lungs and airways leading to asthma symptoms.

This review analyzes articles from PubMed, Cochran, Clinical Key and references found from UpToDate articles to assess …

Deficiency Of Klf4 Compromises The Lung Function In An Acute Mouse Model Of Allergic Asthma, Jeanette A. Nimpong, Wintana Gebregziabher, Udai P. Singh, Prakash Nagarkatti, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Johnie Hodge, Chunming Liu, Daping Fan, Walden Ai

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways and the mechanisms are not fully understood. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of monocytes, granulocyte and myeloid cells at early stage of differentiation. They possess phenotypic plasticity and regulate airway inflammation. We recently reported that Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) regulates MDSC differentiation into fibrocytes, emerging effectors in chronic inflammation. However, the role of KLF4 in asthma is not known. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial cell-derived cytokine and a key initiator of allergic airway inflammation. Given the fact that TSLP promotes Th2 cytokine production that increases MDSC …

Allergen Immunotherapy For Allergic Asthma: Protocol For A Systematic Review., Sangeeta Dhami, Ulugbek Nurmatov, Ioana Agache, Susanne Lau, Antonella Muraro, Marek Jutel, Graham Roberts, Cezmi Akdis, Matteo Bonini, Moises Calderon, Thomas Casale, Ozlem Cavkaytar, Linda Cox, Pascal Demoly, Breda Flood, Eckard Hamelmann, Kenji Izuhara, Ömer Kalayci, Jörg Kleine-Tebbe, Antonio Nieto, Nikolaos Papadopoulos, Oliver Pfaar, Lanny Rosenwasser, Dermot Ryan, Carsten Schmidt-Weber, Stan Szefler, Ulrich Wahn, Roy-Gerth Van Wijk, Jamie Wilkinson, Aziz Sheikh

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) is in the process of developing the EAACI Guidelines for Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT) for Allergic Asthma. We seek to critically assess the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and safety of AIT in the management of allergic asthma.

METHODS: We will undertake a systematic review, which will involve searching international biomedical databases for published, in progress and unpublished evidence. Studies will be independently screened against pre-defined eligibility criteria and critically appraised using established instruments. Data will be descriptively and, if possible and appropriate, quantitatively synthesised.

DISCUSSION: The findings from this review will be used …

Effects Of Two Inhaled Corticosteroid/Long-Acting Beta-Agonist Combinations On Small-Airway Dysfunction In Mild Asthmatics Measured By Impulse Oscillometry, Bill Diong, Kshitiz Singh, Rogelio Menendez

Faculty Articles

Background: We previously showed that the long-acting beta agonist (LABA) salmeterol as inhalation powder or metered-dose inhaler improves lung-function parameters assessed by impulse oscillometry (IOS) in 2- to 5-year-old children with reversible-airway disease within 15 minutes. Objective: We studied 12- to 45-year-olds with mild persistent asthma in order to compare the onset and extent of peripheral airway effects following the first dose and after 4 weeks dosing with two inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/LABA combinations: fluticasone propionate/salmeterol 115/21 and budesonide/formoterol 160/4.5. Methods: Thirty subjects with mild persistent asthma using only an as-needed short-acting beta-agonist (albuterol) who had at least a 40% change …

A Program To Change The Approach To Care Of Children With Asthma In The Primary Care Setting Did Not Reduce Rates Of Hospital Admissions: Lessons Learned From A Descriptive Study, Sheniz Moonie, Robert C. Strunk, Mario Castro

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

Asthma is a critical global health issue. It affects people of all ages in countries throughout the world. The prevalence of asthma is increasing in most countries among young children who also represent the greatest proportion of health care utilization. Outpatient asthma-treatment programs managed by chest physicians or allergists have reduced hospitalizations, yet programs in pediatric offices have not successfully impacted hospitalizations. The Community Asthma Program (CAP) was designed to support pediatrician use of clinical guidelines in their everyday office practice. The goal was to reduce asthma hospitalizations by 15 percent from selected pediatric practices. A study was done in …

Efficient Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide Hydrolyzing Autoantibody Light Chains Selected By Phage Display, Sonia Tyutyulkova, Qing-Sheng Gao, Austin Thompson, Stephen I. Rennard, Sudhir Paul

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

An immunoglobulin light chain (L chain) library derived from the peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with asthma was cloned into a phagemid vector. Phage particles displaying L chains capable of binding vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were isolated by affinity chromatography. Two VIP binding L chains were expressed in Escherichia coli in soluble form and purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by metal chelating and protein L affinity chromatography. Both L chains catalyzed the hydrolysis of [tyr10-125I]VIP substrate. The catalytic activity eluted at the molecular mass of the monomer form of the L chain (28 kDa) from a gel filtration column. The …

Plants And Asthma, Robert Dunlop Royce

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ASTHMA is defined in the dictionary as being a disease characterised by recurring attacks of difficulty in breathing, and the causes are stated to include the inhalation of dust, or the odour of plants, flowers or animals.

Hay fever is a similar condition and this too, is caused by plants, usually at the time of flowering, when large quantities of pollen are produced.