Allergy and Immunology Commons^™

Evaluation Of Heat Inactivation Of Human Norovirus In Freshwater Clams Using Human Intestinal Enteroids, Tsuyoshi Hayashi, Yoko Yamaoka, Atsushi Ito, Takashi Kamaishi, Ryuichi Sugiyama, Mary K Estes, Masamichi Muramatsu, Kosuke Murakami

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Foodborne disease attributed to the consumption of shellfish contaminated with human norovirus (HuNoV) is one of many global health concerns. Our study aimed to determine the conditions of the heat-inactivation of HuNoV in freshwater clams (Corbicula japonica) using a recently developed HuNoV cultivation system employing stem-cell derived human intestinal enteroids (HIEs). We first measured the internal temperature of the clam tissue in a water bath during boiling at 90 °C and found that approximately 2 min are required for the tissue to reach 90 °C. Next, GII.4 HuNoV was spiked into the center of the clam tissue, followed …

Migratory Dermatographic Urticaria Following Covid-19 Vaccine Booster In Young Adult Male, Richard A. Maiella, Kelly Staples, Ashok Veldanda

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

With the recent approval of booster vaccinations in the United States for adults who already received their primary vaccinations, millions of adults have been administered the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna booster vaccines.

Adverse events related to these vaccines continue to be reported and are majority self-limited. In this case report, we present a young male who acquired chronic, migratory dermatographic urticaria two weeks after administration of the Moderna mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine booster.

Myopericarditis In A Patient With Recent Covid-19 Mrna Vaccine, Zamran Masih, Wayne Tamaska, Nicholas Tomasello

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Myopericarditis after Covid-19 mRNA vaccination is not well described. However, there have been several cases described throughout the pandemic suggesting some correlation between Covid-19 vaccination and myopericarditis. We describe such a case where a patient developed myopericarditis after receiving Johnson & Johnson vaccine.

Evaluating Eosinophilic Colitis As A Unique Disease Using Colonic Molecular Profiles: A Multi-Site Study, Tetsuo Shoda, Margaret H Collins, Mark Rochman, Ting Wen, Julie M Caldwell, Lydia E Mack, Garrett A Osswald, John A Besse, Yael Haberman, Seema S Aceves, Nicoleta C Arva, Kelley E Capocelli, Mirna Chehade, Carla M Davis, Evan S Dellon, Gary W Falk, Nirmala Gonsalves, Sandeep K Gupta, Ikuo Hirano, Paneez Khoury, Amy Klion, Calies Menard-Katcher, John Leung, Vincent A Mukkada, Philip E Putnam, Jonathan M Spergel, Joshua B Wechsler, Guang-Yu Yang, Glenn T Furuta, Lee A Denson, Marc E Rothenberg, Consortium Of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases Researchers (Cegir)

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Colonic eosinophilia, an enigmatic finding often referred to as eosinophilic colitis (EoC), is a poorly understood condition. Whether EoC is a distinct disease or a colonic manifestation of eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases (EGIDs) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is undetermined.

METHODS: Subjects with EoC (n = 27) and controls (normal [NL, n = 20], Crohn's disease [CD, n = 14]) were enrolled across sites associated with the Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers. EoC was diagnosed as colonic eosinophilia (ascending ≥100, descending ≥85, sigmoid ≥65 eosinophils/high-power field) with related symptoms. Colon biopsies were subjected to RNA sequencing. Associations …

Use Of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir And Rilpivirine As An Alternative For Treatment In Hiv Positive Patients, Aravindh Nirmalan

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using

Mantsios A, Murray M, Karver TS, et al. Efficacy and Freedom: Patient Experiences with the Transition from Daily Oral to Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapy to Treat HIV in the Context of Phase 3 Trials. AIDS Behav. 2020;24(12):3473-3481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02918-x

for a young adult patient struggling with adherence.

A Proposed Treatment Of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease By Competitive Inhibition Of Autoantibodies, Thomas Russell

Senior Honors Theses

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by Raynaud’s phenomenon and arthritis among other symptoms. It is primarily caused by antibodies that target the U1-RNP 70K peptide. The treatment proposed in this paper uses competitive inhibition to prevent the binding of the anti-U1-RNP 70K antibodies with the U1-RNP 70K peptide. A method for testing the designed treatment in silico is proposed using AutoDock Vina docking software.

The Emergence Of Covid-19 Associated Mucormycosis: A Review Of Cases From 18 Countries, Martin Hoenigl, Danila Seidel, Agostinho Carvalho, Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy, Amir Arastehfar, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Nosheen Nasir, Alexandro Bonifaz, Javier Araiza, Nikolai Klimko

Department of Medicine

Reports of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis have been increasing in frequency since early 2021, particularly among patients with uncontrolled diabetes. Patients with diabetes and hyperglycaemia often have an inflammatory state that could be potentiated by the activation of antiviral immunity to SARS-CoV2, which might favour secondary infections. In this Review, we analysed 80 published and unpublished cases of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis. Uncontrolled diabetes, as well as systemic corticosteroid treatment, were present in most patients with COVID-19-associated mucormycosis, and rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis was the most frequent disease. Mortality was high at 49%, which was particularly due to patients with pulmonary or disseminated mucormycosis or …

Relationships Of Serum Cc16 Levels With Smoking Status And Lung Function In Copd, Kelli C. Gribben, Jill A. Poole, Amy J. Nelson, Paraskevi A. Farazi, Christopher S. Wichman, Art J. Heires, Debra J. Romberger, Tricia D. Levan

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Background: The club cell secretory protein (CC16) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and low CC16 serum levels have been associated with both risk and progression of COPD, yet the interaction between smoking and CC16 on lung function outcomes remains unknown.

Methods: Utilizing cross-sectional data on United States veterans, CC16 serum concentrations were measured by ELISA and log transformed for analyses. Spirometry was conducted and COPD status was defined by post-bronchodilator FEV₁/FVC ratio < 0.7. Smoking measures were self-reported on questionnaire. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were employed to examine associations between CC16 levels and COPD, and lung function with adjustment for covariates. Unadjusted Pearson correlations described relationships between CC16 level and lung function measures, pack-years smoked, and years since smoking cessation.

Results: The study population (N = 351) was mostly male, white, with an average age over 60 years. An interaction between CC16 and smoking status on …

Identifying Individual Medications Affecting Pulmonary Outcomes When Multiple Medications Are Present, Yisha Li, Ran Dai, Yeongjin Gwon, Stephen I. Rennard, Barry J. Make, Dinah Foer, Matthew J. Strand, Erin Austin, Kendra A. Young, John E. Hokanson, Katherine A. Pratte, Rebecca Conway, Gregory L. Kinney, Copdgene Investigators

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

No abstract provided.

Updated Perspectives On The Role Of Biomechanics In Copd: Considerations For The Clinician, Jennifer M. Yentes, Wai-Yan Liu, Kuan Zhang, Eric Markvicka, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) demonstrate extra-pulmonary functional decline such as an increased prevalence of falls. Biomechanics offers insight into functional decline by examining mechanics of abnormal movement patterns. This review discusses biomechanics of functional outcomes, muscle mechanics, and breathing mechanics in patients with COPD as well as future directions and clinical perspectives. Patients with COPD demonstrate changes in their postural sway during quiet standing compared to controls, and these deficits are exacerbated when sensory information (eg, eyes closed) is manipulated. If standing balance is disrupted with a perturbation, patients with COPD are slower to return to baseline …

Engineered Cord Blood Megakaryocytes Evade Killing By Allogeneic T-Cells For Refractory Thrombocytopenia, Bijender Kumar, Vahid Afshar-Kharghan, Mayela Mendt, Robert Sackstein, Mark R Tanner, Uday Popat, Jeremy Ramdial, May Daher, Juan Jimenez, Rafet Basar, Luciana Melo Garcia, Mayra Shanley, Mecit Kaplan, Xinhai Wan, Vandana Nandivada, Francia Reyes Silva, Vernikka Woods, April Gilbert, Ricardo Gonzalez-Delgado, Sunil Acharya, Paul Lin, Hind Rafei, Pinaki Prosad Banerjee, Elizabeth J Shpall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The current global platelet supply is often insufficient to meet all the transfusion needs of patients, in particular for those with alloimmune thrombocytopenia. To address this issue, we have developed a strategy employing a combination of approaches to achieve more efficient production of functional megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets collected from cord blood (CB)-derived CD34+ hematopoietic cells. This strategy is based on ex-vivo expansion and differentiation of MKs in the presence of bone marrow niche-mimicking mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), together with two other key components: (1) To enhance MK polyploidization, we used the potent pharmacological Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, KD045, …

Pathologic Inflammation In Malnutrition Is Driven By Proinflammatory Intestinal Microbiota, Large Intestine Barrier Dysfunction, And Translocation Of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide, Grace T Patterson, Elvia Y Osorio, Alex Peniche, Sara M Dann, Erika Cordova, Geoffrey A Preidis, Ji Ho Suh, Ichiaki Ito, Omar A Saldarriaga, Michael Loeffelholz, Nadim J Ajami, Bruno L Travi, Peter C Melby

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Acute malnutrition, or wasting, is implicated in over half of all deaths in children under five and increases risk of infectious disease. Studies in humans and preclinical models have demonstrated that malnutrition is linked to an immature intestinal microbiota characterized by increased prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae. Observational studies in children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) have also observed heightened systemic inflammation and increased circulating bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS; endotoxin). However, the mechanisms that underpin the systemic inflammatory state and endotoxemia, and their pathophysiological consequences, remain uncertain. Understanding these pathophysiological mechanisms is necessary to design targeted treatments that will improve the unacceptable rate …

Gut Microbiota From Sjögren Syndrome Patients Causes Decreased T Regulatory Cells In The Lymphoid Organs And Desiccation-Induced Corneal Barrier Disruption In Mice, Laura Schaefer, Claudia M Trujillo-Vargas, Firas S Midani, Stephen C Pflugfelder, Robert A Britton, Cintia S De Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by secretory dysfunction in the eye and mouth; in the eye, this results in tear film instability, reduced tear production, and corneal barrier disruption. A growing number of studies show that homeostasis of the ocular surface is impacted by the intestinal microbiome, and several 16S sequencing studies have demonstrated dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota in SS patients. In this study, we utilized metagenomic sequencing to perform a deeper analysis of the intestinal microbiome using stools collected from sex- and age-matched healthy (n = 20), dry eye (n = 4) …

The Effects Of Glucocorticoids And Immunosuppressants On Cancer Outcomes In Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy, Sebastian Bruera, Maria E Suarez-Almazor

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The emergence of checkpoint inhibitors has created a paradigm shift for the treatment of various malignancies. However, although these therapies are associated with improved survival rates, they also carry the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Moderate to severe irAEs are typically treated with glucocorticoids, sometimes with the addition of immunosuppressants as steroid-sparing therapy. However, it is unclear how glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants may impact cancer survival and the efficacy of immune checkpoint therapy on cancer. In this narrative review, we discuss the effects of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants including methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-inhibitors, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, …

Cytomegalovirus Infection Among Patients With Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, Kavea Panneerselvam, David Szafron, Rajan N Amin, Dongguang Wei, Dongfeng Tan, Mehmet Altan, Pablo C Okhuysen, Malek Shatila, Gottumukkala Subba Raju, Anusha S Thomas, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), used for the treatment of solid and hematologic malignancies, come with the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Opportunistic infections (e.g., cytomegalovirus [CMV]) mimic irAE symptoms and are understudied in this population. We aimed to describe the incidence, characteristics, treatment and outcomes of CMV infection in ICI-treated patients.

METHODS: We conducted a single-center retrospective review of all adult patients who were CMV-positive after ICI therapy between 06/2011 and 05/2020. A CMV-positive non-ICI cohort was matched to the ICI group based on age, sex and cancer type. Variables of interest were collected through electronic medical records. …

Early Antibiotic Exposure Is Not Detrimental To Therapeutic Effect From Immunotherapy In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Petros Fessas, Muntaha Naeem, Matthias Pinter, Thomas U Marron, David Szafron, Lorenz Balcar, Anwaar Saeed, Tomi Jun, Sirish Dharmapuri, Anuhya Gampa, Yinghong Wang, Uqba Khan, Mahvish Muzaffar, Musharraf Navaid, Pei-Chang Lee, Anushi Bulumulle, Bo Yu, Sonal Paul, Neil Nimkar, Dominik Bettinger, Hannah Hildebrand, Yehia I Abugabal, Tiziana Pressiani, Nicola Personeni, Naoshi Nishida, Masatoshi Kudo, Ahmed Kaseb, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Celina Ang, Anjana Pillai, Lorenza Rimassa, Abdul Rafeh Naqash, Elad Sharon, Alessio Cortellini, David J Pinato

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is an expanding therapeutic option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Antibiotics (ATB) taken prior to or early during ICI therapy can impact immunotherapy efficacy across indications; however, the effect of ATB is undefined in HCC.

METHODS: In a large international cohort of 450 ICI recipients from Europe, North America, and Asia, we categorized patients according to timing of ATB focusing on exposure within -30 to +30 days from ICI (early immunotherapy period [EIOP]). EIOP was evaluated in association with overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and best radiologic response using RECIST 1.1 criteria. …

Alpha-Gal Allergy: A New Threat To Appalachia, Adam M. Franks Md, Makala Murphy Bs, Madison Griffis Md, Rebekah Franks Ba, Cwr, Colin M. Franks, Gary Petty Md

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Abstract

Alpha-gal allergy, or mammalian meat allergy, is described as the development of IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide galactose-a-1,3-galactose following a bite from the tick species Amblyomma americanum (Lone Star tick) or Dermacentor variabillis (Wood tick). Dermatologic or gastrointestinal symptoms are usually delayed by four to six hours after exposure, making the diagnosis difficult. Due to the use of mammalian proteins in many common medications, surgical equipment and prosthesis, unexpected reactions can occur. In the United States, this pathology is predominately seen in the southeast, but has been associated with other tick species on every continent except Antarctica. As the …

Acute Encephalitis, Myoclonus And Sweet Syndrome After Mrna-1273 Vaccine, Gabriel Torrealba-Acosta, Jennifer C Martin, Yve Huttenbach, Catherine R Garcia, Muhammad R Sohail, Sandeep Krishna Agarwal, Carina Wasko, Eric M Bershad, Mohammad I Hirzallah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A patient presented with fever, generalised rash, confusion, orofacial movements and myoclonus after receiving the first dose of mRNA-1273 vaccine from Moderna. MRI was unremarkable while cerebrospinal fluid showed leucocytosis with lymphocyte predominance and hyperproteinorrachia. The skin evidenced red, non-scaly, oedematous papules coalescing into plaques with scattered non-follicular pustules. Skin biopsy was consistent with a neutrophilic dermatosis. The patient fulfilled the criteria for Sweet syndrome. A thorough evaluation ruled out alternative infectious, autoimmune or malignant aetiologies, and all manifestations resolved with glucocorticoids. While we cannot prove causality, there was a temporal correlation between the vaccination and the clinical findings.

Increasing Staff Awareness And Screening Practices For Adverse Childhood Experiences At A Primary Care Clinic, Kayla Wright

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are present in approximately 60% of the adult population in the United States. There is a correlation between adverse childhood experiences and chronic health conditions as adults. Despite the evidence showing this correlation, there is a lack of screening for ACEs in the primary care setting. Many primary care providers and staff are unaware of ACEs or the correlation with chronic health conditions and substance abuse and, therefore, do not understand how to or recognize the benefits of screening in primary care. With education for providers and staff, primary care is the ideal setting to perform …

Full Issue: The International Undergraduate Journal Of Health Sciences, Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2021, Iujhs Full Issue

International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences

The full June 2021 issue (Volume 1, Issue 1) of the International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences

Personalized Digital Phenotype Score, Healthcare Management And Intervention Strategies Using Knowledge Enabled Digital Health Framework For Pediatric Asthma, Utkarshani Jaimini, Amit Sheth

Publications

Asthma is a personalized, and multi-trigger respiratory condition which requires continuous monitoring and management of symptoms and medication adherence. We developed kHealth: Knowledge-enabled Digital Healthcare Framework to monitor and manage the asthma symptoms, medication adherence, lung function, daily activity, sleep quality, indoor, and outdoor environmental triggers of pediatric asthma patients. The kHealth framework collects up to 1852 data points per patient per day. It is practically impossible for the clinicians, parents, and the patient to analyze this vast amount of multimodal data collected from the kHealth framework. In this chapter, we describe the personalized scores, clinically relevant asthma categorization using …

Managing Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis In The Allergy Clinic: Use Of An Eczema Action Plan To Improve Caregiver Understanding And Self-Efficacy, A Pilot Study, Danielle Hubacek

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a complex and chronic condition that affects approximately 10% of children throughout the United States (Brown et al., 2018). The American Academy of Allergy Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) (2017) estimates the average cost of eczema management for each patient is approximately $3,302 per year. The complex nature of atopic dermatitis indicates a need for individualized treatment plans. Research has shown that standardized patient teaching, written education materials, and Eczema Action Plans (EAP) reinforce patient teaching, parental understanding, and improve quality of life. This evidence-based practice (EBP) project introduces the use of a written Eczema Action …

A Prospective Surveillance Study On The Kinetics Of The Humoral Immune Response To The Respiratory Syncytial Virus Fusion Protein In Adults In Houston, Texas, Brittani N Blunck, Letisha Aideyan, Xunyan Ye, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Laura Ferlic-Stark, Lynn Zechiedrich, Brian E Gilbert, Pedro A Piedra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-specific serum antibody has been correlated to protection of infection and reduction of severe disease, but reinfection is still frequent. In this study, we evaluated RSV-specific serum antibody activity following natural RSV re-infection to examine the longevity of the humoral immune response in adults. Nineteen healthy adult volunteers under sixty-five years of age were enrolled during the 2018-2019 RSV season in Houston, TX. Blood was collected at three study visits. The kinetics of RSV-neutralizing, RSV F site-specific competitive, and RSV-binding antibodies in serum samples were measured by microneutralization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Three distinct profiles of RSV-specific …

Latent Traits Of Lung Tissue Patterns In Former Smokers Derived By Dual Channel Deep Learning In Computed Tomography Images, Frank Li, Jiwoong Choi, Chunrui Zou, John D. Newell, Alejandro P. Comellas, Chang Hyun Lee, Hongseok Ko, R. Graham Barr, Eugene R. Bleecker, Christopher B. Cooper, Fereidoun Abtin, Igor Barjaktarevic, David Couper, Meilan Han, Nadia N. Hansel, Richard E. Kanner, Robert Paine, Ella A. Kazerooni, Fernando J. Martinez, Wanda O'Neal, Stephen I. Rennard, Benjamin M. Smith, Prescott G. Woodruff, Eric A. Hoffman, Ching-Long Lin

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease and the traditional variables extracted from computed tomography (CT) images may not be sufficient to describe all the topological features of lung tissues in COPD patients. We employed an unsupervised three-dimensional (3D) convolutional autoencoder (CAE)-feature constructor (FC) deep learning network to learn from CT data and derive tissue pattern-clusters jointly. We then applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to discover the unobserved latent traits (factors) among pattern-clusters. CT images at total lung capacity (TLC) and residual volume (RV) of 541 former smokers and 59 healthy non-smokers from the cohort of the SubPopulations …

Small Airway Determinants Of Airflow Limitation In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Vasiliy V. Polosukhin, Sergey S. Gutor, Rui-Hong Du, Bradley W. Richmond, Pierre P. Massion, Pingsheng Wu, Justin M. Cates, Kim L. Sandler, Stephen I. Rennard, Timothy S. Blackwell

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: Although a variety of pathological changes have been described in small airways of patients with COPD, the critical anatomic features determining airflow limitation remain incompletely characterised.

METHODS: We examined lung tissue specimens from 18 non-smokers without chronic lung disease and 55 former smokers with COPD for pathological features of small airways that could contribute to airflow limitation. Morphometric evaluation was performed for epithelial and subepithelial tissue thickness, collagen and elastin content, luminal mucus and radial alveolar attachments. Immune/inflammatory cells were enumerated in airway walls. Quantitative emphysema scoring was performed on chest CT scans.

RESULTS: Small airways from patients with …

Genetic Variation In Genes Regulating Skeletal Muscle Regeneration And Tissue Remodelling Associated With Weight Loss In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Preeti Lakshman Kumar, Ava C. Wilson, Alison Rocco, Michael H. Cho, Emily Wan, Brian D. Hobbs, George R. Washko, Victor E. Ortega, Stephanie A. Christenson, Xingnan Li, J. Michael Wells, Surya P. Bhatt, Dawn L. Demeo, Sharon M. Lutz, Harry Rossiter, Richard Casaburi, Stephen I. Rennard, David A. Lomas, Wassim W. Labaki, Ruth Tal-Singer, Russel P. Bowler, Craig P. Hersh, Hemant K. Tiwari, Mark Dransfield, Anna Thalacker-Mercer, Deborah A. Meyers, Edwin K. Silverman, Merry-Lynn N. Mcdonald, Copdgene, Eclipse And Spiromics Investigators

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death globally. COPD patients with cachexia or weight loss have increased risk of death independent of body mass index (BMI) and lung function. We tested the hypothesis genetic variation is associated with weight loss in COPD using a genome-wide association study approach.

METHODS: Participants with COPD (N = 4308) from three studies (COPDGene, ECLIPSE, and SPIROMICS) were analysed. Discovery analyses were performed in COPDGene with replication in SPIROMICS and ECLIPSE. In COPDGene, weight loss was defined as self-reported unintentional weight loss > 5% in the past year or low …

The Effect Of Long-Acting Dual Bronchodilator Therapy On Exercise Tolerance, Dynamic Hyperinflation, And Dead Space During Constant Work Rate Exercise In Copd, William W. Stringer, Janos Porszasz, Min Cao, Harry B. Rossiter, Shahid Siddiqui, Stephen I. Rennard, Richard Casaburi

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

We investigated whether dual bronchodilator therapy (glycopyrrolate/formoterol fumarate; GFF; Bevespi Aerosphere) would increase exercise tolerance during a high-intensity constant work rate exercise test (CWRET) and the relative contributions of dead space ventilation (V_D/V_T) and dynamic hyperinflation (change in inspiratory capacity) to exercise limitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In all, 48 patients with COPD (62.9 ± 7.6 yrs; 33 male; GOLD spirometry stage 1/2/3/4, n = 2/35/11/0) performed a randomized, double blind, placebo (PL) controlled, two-period crossover, single-center trial. Gas exchange and inspiratory capacity (IC) were assessed during cycle ergometry at 80% incremental exercise peak …

Longitudinal Imaging-Based Clusters In Former Smokers Of The Copd Cohort Associate With Clinical Characteristics: The Subpopulations And Intermediate Outcome Measures In Copd Study (Spiromics), Chunrui Zou, Frank Li, Jiwoong Choi, Babak Haghighi, Sanghun Choi, Prathish K. Rajaraman, Alejandro P. Comellas, John D. Newell, Chang Hyun Lee, R. Graham Barr, Eugene Bleecker, Christopher B. Cooper, David Couper, Meilan Han, Nadia N. Hansel, Richard E. Kanner, Ella A. Kazerooni, Eric C. Kleerup, Fernando J. Martinez, Wanda O'Neal, Robert Paine, Stephen I. Rennard, Benjamin M. Smith, Prescott G. Woodruff, Eric A. Hoffman, Ching-Long Lin

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

PURPOSE: Quantitative computed tomography (qCT) imaging-based cluster analysis identified clinically meaningful COPD former-smoker subgroups (clusters) based on cross-sectional data. We aimed to identify progression clusters for former smokers using longitudinal data.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We selected 472 former smokers from SPIROMICS with a baseline visit and a one-year follow-up visit. A total of 150 qCT imaging-based variables, comprising 75 variables at baseline and their corresponding progression rates, were derived from the respective inspiration and expiration scans of the two visits. The COPD progression clusters identified were then associated with subject demography, clinical variables and biomarkers.

RESULTS: COPD severities at baseline …

An International Study Of Interobserver Variability Of “String Sign” Of Pancreatic Cysts Among Experienced Endosonographers, Wanda Phipatanakul, David T Mauger, Theresa W Guilbert, Leonard B Bacharier, Sandy Durrani, Daniel J Jackson, Fernando D Martinez, Anne M Fitzpatrick, Amparito Cunningham, Susan Kunselman, Lisa M Wheatley, Cindy Bauer, Carla M Davis, Bob Geng, Kirsten M Kloepfer, Craig Lapin, Andrew H Liu, Jacqueline A Pongracic, Stephen J Teach, James Chmiel, Jonathan M Gaffin, Matthew Greenhawt, Meera R Gupta, Peggy S Lai, Robert F Lemanske, Wayne J Morgan, William J Sheehan, Jeffrey Stokes, Peter S Thorne, Hans C Oettgen, Elliot Israel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Asthma remains one of the most important challenges to pediatric public health in the US. A large majority of children with persistent and chronic asthma demonstrate aeroallergen sensitization, which remains a pivotal risk factor associated with the development of persistent, progressive asthma throughout life. In individuals with a tendency toward Type 2 inflammation, sensitization and exposure to high concentrations of offending allergens is associated with increased risk for development of, and impairment from, asthma. The cascade of biological responses to allergens is primarily mediated through IgE antibodies and their production is further stimulated by IgE responses to antigen exposure. In …

Intrapulmonary Administration Of Purified Neil2 Abrogates Nf-Κb-Mediated Inflammation, Nisha Tapryal, Shandy Shahabi, Anirban Chakraborty, Koa Hosoki, Maki Wakamiya, Gobinda Sarkar, Gulshan Sharma, Victor J Cardenas, Istvan Boldogh, Sanjiv Sur, Gourisankar Ghosh, Tapas K Hazra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aberrant or constitutive activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) contributes to various human inflammatory diseases and malignancies via the upregulation of genes involved in cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, inflammation, and metastasis. Thus, inhibition of NF-κB signaling has potential for therapeutic applications in cancer and inflammatory diseases. We reported previously that Nei-like DNA glycosylase 2 (NEIL2), a mammalian DNA glycosylase, is involved in the preferential repair of oxidized DNA bases from the transcriptionally active sequences via the transcription-coupled base excision repair pathway. We have further shown that Neil2-null mice are highly sensitive to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)- and lipopolysaccharide-induced …