Medical Specialties Commons^™

Gene-Based Therapeutics For Rare Genetic Neurodevelopmental Psychiatric Disorders, Beverly L Davidson, Guangping Gao, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Allison M Bradbury, Carsten Bönnemann, Joseph D Buxbaum, Gavin R Corcoran, Steven J Gray, Heather Gray-Edwards, Robin J Kleiman, Adam J Shaywitz, Dan Wang, Huda Y Zoghbi, Terence R Flotte, Sitra Tauscher-Wisniewski, Cynthia J Tifft, Mustafa Sahin

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

We are in an emerging era of gene-based therapeutics with significant promise for rare genetic disorders. The potential is particularly significant for genetic central nervous system disorders that have begun to achieve Food and Drug Administration approval for select patient populations. This review summarizes the discussions and presentations of the National Institute of Mental Health-sponsored workshop "Gene-Based Therapeutics for Rare Genetic Neurodevelopmental Psychiatric Disorders," which was held in January 2021. Here, we distill the points raised regarding various precision medicine approaches related to neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders that may be amenable to gene-based therapies.

Reduced Rates Of Post-Transplant Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis, Ryan Lamm, Peter J Altshuler, Keyur Patel, Osama Shaheen, Angel Paulo Amante, Jesse Civan, Warren Maley, Adam Frank, Carlo Ramirez, Jaime Glorioso, Ashesh Shah, Hien Dang, Adam S Bodzin

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become the second leading cause of HCC-related liver transplantation in the United States. This study investigated post-transplant recurrence and survival for patients transplanted for NASH-related HCC compared to non-NASH HCC etiologies. Retrospective review of the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) database identified 7,461 patients with HCC—1,405 with underlying NASH and 6,086 with non-NASH underlying diseases. After propensity score matching (PSM) to account for patient- and tumor-related confounders 1,175 remained in each group. Primary outcomes assessed were recurrence rate and recurrence-free survival. Recurrent malignancy at 5 years …

Changing Global Epidemiology Of Liver Cancer From 2010 To 2019: Nash Is The Fastest Growing Cause Of Liver Cancer, Daniel Q Huang, Amit G Singal, Yuko Kono, Darren J H Tan, Hashem B El-Serag, Rohit Loomba

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Liver cancer epidemiology is changing due to increasing alcohol consumption, rising prevalence of obesity, and advances in hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. However, the impact of these changes on global liver cancer burden remains unclear. We estimated global and regional temporal trends in the burden of liver cancer and the contributions of various liver disease etiologies using the methodology framework of the Global Burden of Disease study. Between 2010 and 2019, there was a 25% increase in liver cancer deaths. Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) increased only in the Americas and remained stable or fell in …

A Comparison Of American Women's Experiences With Both Gestational Surrogate Pregnancies And Spontaneous Pregnancies, Jennifer Lahl, Kallie Fell, Kate Bassett, Frances H. Broghammer, William M. Briggs

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

This article evaluates the pregnancy experiences of American women by comparing their spontaneous or non-surrogate pregnancies with their gestational surrogate pregnancies. Data were collected through structured interviews using an online video platform. In total, 96 interviews were conducted. Data revealed that a woman was more likely to have a pregnancy that was high-risk during a surrogate pregnancy than during a non-surrogate pregnancy, independent of maternal age or gravidity (OR 11.4, 3.5-36.6; p<.0001). A surrogate pregnancy had three times higher odds of resulting in a cesarean section (p<.0001) and was five times more likely to deliver at an earlier gestational age (p<.0001). Women in this study were significantly more likely to experience postpartum depression following the delivery of surrogate children than after delivering their non-surrogate children (p=.01), and overall, they were more likely to have adverse outcomes during a surrogate pregnancy. The rate of new post-surrogacy chronic health issues for women of color was significantly higher than for women identified as white (p<.0001). We found that women’s economic disadvantage was a major contributor to the decision to proceed with surrogacy. This study confirms that health disparities exist for women with surrogate pregnancies compared to non-surrogate pregnancies, which can lead to long-term complications after a surrogate pregnancy. In terms of biomedical ethics, it raises important social, economic, and political issues related to surrogacy, all requiring further exploration. Future research will build on the present work in further helping us to understand the circumstances and consequences involved for women in surrogacy.

Vaccine Hesitancy And Betrayal Aversion, Abdelaziz Alsharawy, Esha Dwibedi, Jason Aimone, Sheryl Ball

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The determinants of vaccine hesitancy remain complex and context specific. Betrayal aversion occurs when an individual is hesitant to risk being betrayed in an environment involving trust. In this pre-registered vignette experiment, we show that betrayal aversion is not captured by current vaccine hesitancy measures despite representing a significant source of unwillingness to be vaccinated. Our survey instrument was administered to 888 United States residents via Amazon Mechanical Turk in March 2021. We find that over a third of participants have betrayal averse preferences, resulting in an 8-26% decline in vaccine acceptance, depending on the betrayal source. Interestingly, attributing betrayal …

Socioeconomic Status And Gastric Cancer Surgical Outcomes: A National Cancer Database Study., Ryan Lamm, D Brock Hewitt, Michael Li, Adam C Powell, Adam C Berger

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgical resection is the gold standard of treatment. In the United States, race and socioeconomic status are associated with the diagnosis of GC; however, no studies have examined these as independent risk factors for surgical outcomes. Our study sought to investigate socioeconomic factors and GC surgical outcomes using a national cancer registry.

METHODS: GC patients between 2004 and 2016 were identified using the National Cancer Database. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze associations between socioeconomic factors and 30-d mortality, 90-d mortality, and unplanned readmission …

Insurance Coverage And Respiratory Morbidities In Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia., Joseph M. Collaco, Michael C. Tracy, Catherine A. Sheils, Jessica L. Rice, Lawrence M. Rhein, Leif D. Nelin, Paul E. Moore, Winston M. Manimtim, Jonathan C. Levin, Khanh Lai, Lystra P. Hayden, Julie L. Fierro, Eric D. Austin, Stamatia Alexiou, Amit Agarwal, Natalie Villafranco, Roopa Siddaiah, Antonia P. Popova, Ioana A. Cristea, Christopher D. Baker, Manvi Bansal, Sharon A. Mcgrath-Morrow

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Preterm infants and young children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are at increased risk for acute care utilization and chronic respiratory symptoms during early life. Identifying risk factors for respiratory morbidities in the outpatient setting could decrease the burden of care. We hypothesized that public insurance coverage was associated with higher acute care usage and respiratory symptoms in preterm infants and children with BPD after initial neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge.

METHODS: Subjects were recruited from BPD clinics at 10 tertiary care centers in the United States between 2018 and 2021. Demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained through chart …

Crispr Detection Of Circulating Cell-Free Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Dna In Adults And Children, Including Children With Hiv: A Molecular Diagnostics Study, Zhen Huang, Sylvia M Lacourse, Alexander W Kay, Joshua Stern, Jaclyn N Escudero, Brady M Youngquist, Wenshu Zheng, Debrah Vambe, Muyalo Dlamini, Godwin Mtetwa, Lisa M Cranmer, Irene Njuguna, Dalton C Wamalwa, Elizabeth Maleche-Obimbo, Donald G Catanzaro, Christopher J Lyon, Grace John-Stewart, Andrew Dinardo, Anna M Mandalakas, Bo Ning, Tony Y Hu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis remains a leading cause of global mortality, especially for adults and children living with HIV (CLHIV) underdiagnosed by sputum-based assays. Non-sputum-based assays are needed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis and tuberculosis treatment monitoring. Our aim in this study was to determine whether ultrasensitive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell-free DNA (Mtb-cfDNA) in blood can diagnose tuberculosis and evaluate tuberculosis treatment responses.

METHODS: In this molecular diagnostics study we analysed archived serum from two patient populations evaluated for tuberculosis in Eswatini and Kenya to detect Mtb-cfDNA, analysing serum from all individuals who had both sufficient serum volumes and clear diagnostic results. …

Estimated Size Of The Clinical Medical Imaging Physics Workforce In The United States, Sean D Rose, David W Jordan, Nicholas B Bevins, Jaydev K Dave, David E Hintenlang, Brad K Lofton, Pankaj Patel

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

There is no current authoritative accounting of the number of clinical imaging physicists practicing in the United States. Information about the workforce is needed to inform future efforts to secure training pathways and opportunities. In this study, the AAPM Diagnostic Demand and Supply Projection Working Group collected lists of medical physicists from several state registration and licensure programs and the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors (CRCPD) registry. By cross-referencing individuals among these lists, we were able to estimate the current imaging physics workforce in the United States by extrapolating based on population. The imaging physics workforce in the United …

United States Healthcare Burden Of Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Pain Disorder Hospitalizations From 2002 To 2018, John M Hollier, Jason L Salemi, Robert J Shulman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The healthcare burden of pediatric functional gastrointestinal pain disorders (FGIDs) is unclear. Our study aimed to characterize the burden of these hospitalizations in the United States (US).

METHODS: We utilized the US National Inpatient Sample from 2002 to 2018 to capture pediatric hospitalizations (ages 4 to 18 years old) with a primary discharge diagnosis of abdominal pain, constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, dyspepsia, abdominal migraine, cyclic vomiting syndrome, or fecal incontinence. We calculated the FGID hospitalization prevalence rate, length of stay (LOS), and inflation-adjusted costs annually and assessed for statistically significant trend changes using joinpoint analyses.

KEY RESULTS: 22.3 million …

Signal Detection Of Adverse Events Associated With Trastuzumab In A Cohort Of Elderly Patients With Breast Cancer, Efstathia Polychronopoulou, Sharon H Giordano, Lin-Na Chou, Xiaoying Yu, Yong-Fang Kuo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

AIM: Utilization of signal detection methods in longitudinal claims data can improve post-marketing drug surveillance, but to date there has been limited application. The aim of this study is to use 3 approaches, the proportional reporting ratio, Gamma Poisson Shrinker, and tree-based scan statistic in detecting adverse drug events (ADEs) attributed to trastuzumab using an administrative claims dataset.

METHODS: Using data from the Texas Cancer Registry and SEER linked to Medicare from 2010 to 2013, we conducted 1:2 propensity score matching. Breast cancer HER2+ patients treated with trastuzumab in addition to standard chemotherapy were matched to HER2- patients treated with …

Better Care For Older Hispanics: Identifying Priorities And Harmonizing Care, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Mary Tinetti, Lee A Jennings, Rebeca Wong, Jennifer Arney, Aanand D Naik

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Does Gender Impact A Diagnosis Of Ankylosing Spondylitis?, Mark C Hwang, Martin Rozycki, David Kauffman, Theresa Arndt, Esther Yi, Michael H Weisman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: The study objective was to explore differences in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) diagnosis experiences between men and women by examining the coding of health events over the 2 years preceding AS diagnosis.

Methods: Claims data (January 2006-April 2019) from the MarketScan databases were examined. Patients who had received two or more AS diagnoses at least 30 days apart and had at least 2 years of insurance enrollment before their first AS diagnosis were analyzed. Men were matched 1:1 to women by age, diagnosis date, insurance type, and enrollment duration. Health events (diagnosis and provider codes) were examined over 2 years …

Assessing Real-World Racial Differences Among Patients With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer In Us Community Practices, Ruoding Tan, Lourenia Cassoli, Ying Yan, Vincent Shen, Bann-Mo Day, Edith P. Mitchell

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Objective: Real-world data characterizing differences between African American (AA) and White women with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) are limited. Using 9 years of data collected from community practices throughout the United States, we assessed racial differences in the proportion of patients with mTNBC, and their characteristics, treatment, and overall survival (OS).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed de-identified data from 2,116 patients with mTNBC in the Flatiron Health database (January 2011 to March 2020). Characteristics and treatment patterns between AA and White patients with mTNBC were compared using descriptive statistics. OS was examined using Kaplan-Meier analysis and a multivariate Cox …

Central Nervous System Immune Interactome Is A Function Of Cancer Lineage, Tumor Microenvironment, And Stat3 Expression, Hinda Najem, Martina Ott, Cynthia Kassab, Arvind Rao, Ganesh Rao, Anantha Marisetty, Adam M Sonabend, Craig Horbinski, Roel Verhaak, Anand Shankar, Santhoshi N Krishnan, Frederick S Varn, Víctor A Arrieta, Pravesh Gupta, Sherise D Ferguson, Jason T Huse, Gregory N Fuller, James P Long, Daniel E Winkowski, Ben A Freiberg, Charles David James, Leonidas C Platanias, Maciej S Lesniak, Jared K Burks, Amy B Heimberger

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND

Immune cell profiling of primary and metastatic CNS tumors has been focused on the tumor, not the tumor microenvironment (TME), or has been analyzed via biopsies.

METHODS

En bloc resections of gliomas (n = 10) and lung metastases (n = 10) were analyzed via tissue segmentation and high-dimension Opal 7-color multiplex imaging. Single-cell RNA analyses were used to infer immune cell functionality.

RESULTS

Within gliomas, T cells were localized in the infiltrating edge and perivascular space of tumors, while residing mostly in the stroma of metastatic tumors. CD163⁺ macrophages were evident throughout the TME of metastatic …

Racial And Ethnic Differences In Genomic Profiling Of Early Onset Colorectal Cancer, David M Hein, Weiye Deng, Marylena Bleile, Syed Ali Kazmi, Brooke Rhead, Francisco M De La Vega, Amy L Jones, Radhika Kainthla, Wen Jiang, Brandi Cantarel, Nina N Sanford

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The incidence and mortality of early onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is rising; outcomes appear to differ by race and ethnicity. We aimed to assess differences in mutational landscape and gene expression of EOCRC by racial and ethnic groups (non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, White Hispanic) using data from the American Association for Cancer Research Project GENIE (10.2) and University of Texas Southwestern, the latter enriched in Hispanic patients. All statistical tests were 2-sided. Of 1752 EOCRC patients, non-Hispanic Black patients had higher rates of KRAS mutations (60.9%; P = .001, q = 0.015), and non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black …

The Impact Of Racial Disparities And Outcomes On Urinary Anastomotic Leak In Radical Prostatectomy, Young Son, Benjamin A. Fink, Lance Earnshaw, Brian Thomas, Fred Okoye, Ryan Moriarty, Kathryn Goettle, Thomas Mueller

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Prostate cancer is the leading malignancy and third most common cause of cancer death among men. In the United States, racial disparities exist in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates. According to the National Cancer Institute, African American (AA) men have a significantly increased incidence of prostate cancer compared to Caucasians or Asians. Urinary leak at the urethrovesical anastomosis has been cited as a complication of radical prostatectomy (RP), with incidence rates as high as 23%. Urinary anastomotic leak is associated with increased rates of ileus, prolonged hospitalization rates, and longer time to achieve continence. The etiology of risk factors …

Assessing The Coverage Of Us Cancer Center Primary Catchment Areas., Amy E Leader, Christopher Mcnair, Christina Yurick, Matthew Huesser, Elizabeth Schade, Emily E Stimmel, Caryn Lerman, Karen E Knudsen

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Background: Cancer centers are expected to engage communities and reduce the burden of cancer in their catchment areas. However, the extent to which cancer centers adequately reach the entire US population is unknown. Methods: We surveyed all members of the Association of American Cancer Institutes (N ¼ 102 cancer centers) to document and map each cancer center’s primary catchment area. Catchment area descriptions were aggregated to the county level. Catchment area coverage scores were calculated for each county and choropleths generated representing coverage across the US. Similar analyses were used to overlay US population density, cancer incidence, and cancer-related mortality …

Predictive Performance Of Newborn Small For Gestational Age By A Us Intrauterine Versus Birth Weight-Derived Standard For Short-Term Neonatal Morbidity And Mortality, Nathan R Blue, Lisa Mele, William A Grobman, Jennifer L Bailit, Ronald J Wapner, John M Thorp, Steve N Caritis, Mona Prasad, Alan T N Tita, George R Saade, Dwight J Rouse, Sean C Blackwell, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (Mfmu) Network

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective:

The use of birth weight standards to define small for gestational age (SGA) may fail to identify neonates affected by poor fetal growth since they include births associated with sub-optimal fetal growth. Our objective was to compare intrauterine versus birth weight-derived standards to define newborn SGA to predict neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Study Design:

This was a secondary analysis of a multi-center observational study of 118,422 births. Liveborn singleton, non-anomalous newborns born at 23–41 weeks were included. Those with missing gestational age estimation or without a 1^st or 2^nd trimester ultrasound to confirm dating, birth weight, or …

Future Of Biomedical, Agricultural, And Biological Systems Research Using Domesticated Animals, Thomas E Spencer, Kevin D Wells, Kiho Lee, Bhanu P Telugu, Peter J Hansen, Frank F Bartol, Leann Blomberg, Lawrence B Schook, Harry Dawson, Joan K Lunney, John P Driver, Teresa A Davis, Sharon M Donovan, Ryan N Dilger, Linda J Saif, Adam Moeser, Jodi L Mcgill, George Smith, James J Ireland

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Increased knowledge of reproduction and health of domesticated animals is integral to sustain and improve global competitiveness of U.S. animal agriculture, understand and resolve complex animal and human diseases, and advance fundamental research in sciences that are critical to understanding mechanisms of action and identifying future targets for interventions. Historically, federal and state budgets have dwindled and funding for the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) competitive grants programs remained relatively stagnant from 1985 through 2010. This shortage in critical financial support for basic and applied research, coupled with the underappreciated knowledge of …

Exploring A Role For Occupational Therapists In Adult Eating Disorder Treatment, Felicia Titus, Karen Park

Spring 2022 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

Background: Occupational therapists working in eating disorder (ED) treatment in the United States is an emerging practice area. The main objective of this study was to seek an understanding of the perceived gaps in current adult ED treatment in the United States, from both the perspectives of ED treatment providers and individuals with an ED to discover if there is a role for occupational therapists.

Methods: The design of this study was a convergent mixed methods in which the data was collected through online surveys and recorded semi-structured interviews of ED treatment providers (N = 15) and individuals diagnosed …

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Review Of The Evidence For The 2021 Centers For Disease Control And Prevention Of Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines., Paul Nyirjesy, Carolyn Brookhart, Gweneth Lazenby, Jane Schwebke, Jack D Sobel

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common cause of vulvovaginal itching and discharge. This article discusses the latest CDC STI Treatment Guidelines for VVC.

METHODS: A literature search of relevant topics was performed, and a team of experts was convened to discuss (1) diagnosis/testing modalities; treatment of (2) uncomplicated VVC , (3) complicated VVC, and (4) VVC caused by non-albicans yeast; (5) alternative treatment regimens; (6) susceptibility testing of yeast; Special Populations: (7) pregnancy and (8) HIV and VVC.

RESULTS: Yeast culture remains the gold standard for diagnoses. Newer molecular assays have been developed for the diagnosis of VVC and …

Envisioning Future Urinary Tract Infection Diagnostics, Robin Patel, Christopher R Polage, Jennifer Dien Bard, Larissa May, Francesca M Lee, Valeria Fabre, Mary K Hayden, Sarah D B Doernberg, David A Haake, Barbara W Trautner, Larissa Grigoryan, Ephraim L Tsalik, Kimberly E Hanson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in the United States and are a major driver of antibiotic use, both appropriate and inappropriate, across healthcare settings. Novel UTI diagnostics are a strategy that might enable better UTI treatment. Members of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group Laboratory Center and the Infectious Diseases Society of America Diagnostics Committee convened to envision ideal future UTI diagnostics, with a view towards improving delivery of healthcare, patient outcomes and experiences, and antibiotic use, addressing which types of UTI diagnostics are needed and how companies might approach development of novel UTI diagnostics.

Demographic And Regional Trends Of Mortality In Patients With Aortic Dissection In The United States, 1999 To 2019, Salik Nazir, Robert W Ariss, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Rochell Issa, Erin D Michos, Yochai Birnbaum, George V Moukarbel, P Kasi Ramanathan, Hani Jneid

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background Aortic dissection (AoD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, the burden of AoD mortality is not well characterized, and contemporary data and mortality trends in different demographic and geographic subgroups have not been described. Methods and Results Trends in AoD mortality were assessed using a cross-sectional analysis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. Crude and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 1 million people with associated annual percent changes were determined. Joinpoint regression was used to assess trends in the overall sample and different demographic (sex, race and ethnicity, …

Methods For Cross-Cultural Communication In Clinic Encounters, Princess U Ogbogu, Lenora Mendoza Noroski, Kimberly Arcoleo, Benjamin D Reese, Andrea J Apter

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Successful cross-cultural communication is critical for adequate exchange of ideas with our patients. Our communities have become more diverse, and thus, the necessity has increased. The murder of George Floyd and other atrocities have sparked recognition of the need to address social injustice and racism and as we fight the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Allergist-immunologists are uniquely trained to explain the complex immunology of COVID-19 to patients, but they have less experience discussing issues of health equity. Here, we explore critical components of patient-provider communication: communicating with those for whom English is a second language, advising patients with …

Differences In Covid-19-Related Testing And Healthcare Utilization By Race And Ethnicity In The Veterans Health Administration, Javad Razjouyan, Drew A Helmer, Ang Li, Aanand D Naik, Christopher I Amos, Venkata Bandi, Amir Sharafkhaneh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Recent reports indicate differences in COVID-19-related care and outcomes between Black and White Americans.

OBJECTIVE: We examine the COVID-19-related healthcare utilization and mortality by race and ethnicity of patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA).

DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: We used the VHA COVID-19 shared data resources between February 1 and June 30, 2020.

PARTICIPANTS: Veterans tested for SARS-CoV-2 virus by VHA.

EXPOSURE(S): Three racial-ethnicity groups of Black, Hispanic, and White (as reference) veterans.

MAIN OUTCOME(S) AND MEASURE(S): Main outcomes are testing rate, positivity rate, hospitalization rate, ICU admission rate, and in-hospital mortality. Controlling …

Predictive Radiation Oncology - A New Nci-Doe Scientific Space And Community, Jeffrey C Buchsbaum, David A Jaffray, Demba Ba, Lynn L Borkon, Christine Chalk, Caroline Chung, Matthew A Coleman, C Norman Coleman, Maximilian Diehn, Kelvin K Droegemeier, Heiko Enderling, Michael G Espey, Emily J Greenspan, Christopher M Hartshorn, Thuc Hoang, H Timothy Hsiao, Cynthia Keppel, Nathan W Moore, Fred Prior, Eric A Stahlberg, Georgia Tourassi, Karen E Willcox

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

With a widely attended virtual kickoff event on January 29, 2021, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the Department of Energy (DOE) launched a series of 4 interactive, interdisciplinary workshops-and a final concluding "World Café" on March 29, 2021-focused on advancing computational approaches for predictive oncology in the clinical and research domains of radiation oncology. These events reflect 3,870 human hours of virtual engagement with representation from 8 DOE national laboratories and the Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (FNL), 4 research institutes, 5 cancer centers, 17 medical schools and teaching hospitals, 5 companies, 5 federal agencies, 3 research centers, …

Trends In Acromioplasty Utilization During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: An Epidemiological Study Of 139,586 Patients, Taylor J Willenbring, Marijke J Devos, Ryan J Warth, James M Gregory

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Acromioplasty remains very common during rotator cuff repair (RCR) despite limited evidence of clinical efficacy. This study observed the incidence of acromioplasty from 2010 to 2018 in Texas using a publicly available database.

METHODS: A total of 139,586 records were analyzed from the Texas Healthcare Information Collection database ranging from 2010 to 2018. These cases were divided into those with and without acromioplasty (N = 107,427 and N = 32,159, respectively). Acromioplasty use was standardized as the number of acromioplasties per RCR (acromioplasty rate). Two subgroup analyses were conducted: surgical institution type and payor status.

RESULTS: In 2010, acromioplasty …

Exposure To Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances And Markers Of Liver Injury: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Elizabeth Costello, Sarah Rock, Nikos Stratakis, Sandrah P Eckel, Douglas I Walker, Damaskini Valvi, Dora Cserbik, Todd Jenkins, Stavra A Xanthakos, Rohit Kohli, Stephanie Sisley, Vasilis Vasiliou, Michele A La Merrill, Hugo Rosen, David V Conti, Rob Mcconnell, Leda Chatzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Experimental evidence indicates that exposure to certain pollutants is associated with liver damage. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent synthetic chemicals widely used in industry and consumer products and bioaccumulate in food webs and human tissues, such as the liver.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis evaluating PFAS exposure and evidence of liver injury from rodent and epidemiological studies.

METHODS: PubMed and Embase were searched for all studies from earliest available indexing year through 1 December 2021 using keywords corresponding to PFAS exposure and liver injury. For …

Predicting Health-Related Social Needs In Medicaid And Medicare Populations Using Machine Learning, Jennifer Holcomb, Luis C Oliveira, Linda Highfield, Kevin O Hwang, Luca Giancardo, Elmer Victor Bernstam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Providers currently rely on universal screening to identify health-related social needs (HRSNs). Predicting HRSNs using EHR and community-level data could be more efficient and less resource intensive. Using machine learning models, we evaluated the predictive performance of HRSN status from EHR and community-level social determinants of health (SDOH) data for Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries participating in the Accountable Health Communities Model. We hypothesized that Medicaid insurance coverage would predict HRSN status. All models significantly outperformed the baseline Medicaid hypothesis. AUCs ranged from 0.59 to 0.68. The top performance (AUC = 0.68 CI 0.66-0.70) was achieved by the "any HRSNs" outcome, …