Medical Specialties Commons^™

Serum Concentrations Of The Biomarkers Ca125, Ca15-3, Ca72-4, Tpsa And Papp-A In Natural And Stimulated Ovarian Cycles, Melissa J. Stemp, Peter Roberts, Allison Mcclements, Vincent Chapple, Jay Natalwala, Michael L. Black, Phillip L. Matson

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objective: Biomarkers associated with cancer screening (CA125, CA15-3, CA72-4, total prostate specific antigen [tPSA]) and the monitoring of pregnancy (pregnancy associated plasma protein-A [PAPP-A]) were measured during natural and stimulated ovarian cycles in disease-free non-pregnant women to determine if they could reflect normal events relating to ovulation and/or endometrial changes. Methods: A total of 73 blood samples (10 women) collected throughout the natural menstrual cycle, and 64 blood samples (11 women) taken during stimulated ovarian cycles, were analysed on the Roche Cobas e411 automated analyser. Results: Detectable levels of tPSA were measured in at least one point in the cycle …

Early Diagnosis And Treatment Of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis In A Patient With Cystic Fibrosis, Ricardo Alberto Mosquera, Lila Estrada, Roya Mohebpour Clements, Cindy K Jon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare and fatal complication in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who lack concomitant risk factors. The few documented cases in children have all resulted in deaths during hospitalisation. We present the case of a 12-year-old boy with CF who was admitted for an exacerbation which was unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. The findings on imaging raised concerns about a possible fungal infection. As a result, voriconazole therapy was started prior to his respiratory deterioration. He was later found to be β-D glucan and Aspergillus Ag galactomannan positive confirming the suspicion for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Three months …

Failure Patterns In Resected Pancreas Adenocarcinoma: Lack Of Predicted Benefit To Smad4 Expression., Jordan M. Winter, Laura H. Tang, David S. Klimstra, Weiguo Liu, Irena Linkov, Murray F. Brennan, Michael I. DʼAngelica, Ronald P. Dematteo, Yuman Fong, William R. Jarnagin, Eileen M. OʼReilly, Peter J. Allen

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether SMAD4 expression is associated with recurrence pattern after resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA).

BACKGROUND: SMAD4 expression status has been reported to be associated with patterns of failure in PDA, but studies have not examined recurrence patterns after resection.

METHODS: A tissue microarray was constructed including 127 patients with resected PDA and either short-term (<12 >months) or long-term (>30 months) survival. SMAD4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and categorized as present or lost in tumor cells. Conventional pathologic features (lymph node metastases, positive resection margin, poor grade, and tumor size) were recorded, and disease-specific outcomes …

Biomarkers Of Maternal And Fetal Exposure To Organochlorine Pesticides Measured In Pregnant Hispanic Women From Brownsville, Texas, Ken Sexton, Jennifer J Salinas, Thomas J Mcdonald, Rose M Z Gowen, Rebecca P Miller, Joseph B Mccormick, Susan P Fisher-Hoch

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Biomarkers of organochlorine pesticides were measured in both venous and umbilical cord blood from 35 pregnant Hispanic women living in Brownsville, Texas, USA. Gas chromatography with an electron capture detector was used to analyze specimens for 30 individual pesticides or their metabolites. Results indicate that blood concentrations were relatively low for most individual compounds, but that high-end (upper 10th percentile) values for total DDT were comparatively high. Although health effects associated with measured blood concentrations are uncertain, there is concern that fetal exposure to low levels of these OC compounds, either individually or in combination, might contribute to subsequent health …

The Identification Of Diagnostic Serological Autoantibodies For Cutaneous Melanoma, Pauline Zaenker

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Abstract not available.

Preoperative Statin Therapy In Cardiac Surgery Is More Effective In Patients Who Display Preoperative Activation Of The Inflammatory System, José Martínez-Comendador, José Rubio Alvarez, Juan Sierra, Elvis Teijeira, Belén Adrio

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

We sought to determine whether preoperative statin treatment is more effective in reducing, after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, systemic inflammatory response and myocardial damage markers in patients who have elevated preoperative interleukin-6 levels than in patients who have normal preoperative interleukin-6 levels.

The study involved a prospective cohort of 164 patients who underwent coronary and valvular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. There were 2 study groups: group A (n = 60), patients with elevated preoperative interleukin-6 levels; and group B (n = 104), patients with normal preoperative interleukin-6 levels. Each group was subdivided according to whether patients were (group 1) …

Components Of The Complete Blood Count As Risk Predictors For Coronary Heart Disease: In-Depth Review And Update, Mohammad Madjid, Omid Fatemi

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease, and several inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, have been used to predict the risk of coronary heart disease. High white blood cell count is a strong and independent predictor of coronary risk in patients of both sexes, with and without coronary heart disease. A high number of white blood cells and their subtypes (for example, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and eosinophils) are associated with the presence of coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and stroke. The coronary heart disease risk ratios associated with a high white blood cell count are comparable to those of other …

Early Hemodynamic And Biochemical Changes In Overloaded Swine Ventricleearly Hemodynamic And Biochemical Changes In Overloaded Swine Ventricle, Sandro Gelsomino, Fabiana Lucà, Chiara Nediani, Sandra Zecchi Orlandini, Daniele Bani, Antonio S Rubino, Attilio Renzulli, Roberto Lorusso, Andrea Consolo, Antonino Lo Cascio, Jos Maessen, Gian Franco Gensini

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

The present study was undertaken to investigate, in an animal model, the relationship between sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) activity, phospholamban phosphorylation, acylphosphatase activity, and hemodynamic changes that occur in the early phase of pressure overload. In 54 study-group pigs, weighing 40±5 kg each, an aortic stenosis was created with a band of umbilical tape tied around the aorta; 18 sham-operated pigs formed our control group. Eight animals (6 study and 2 control) were randomly assigned to each experimental time (0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 168 hr). All indices of left ventricular function declined significantly, with a …

Low Serum Triglyceride Levels As Predictors Of Cardiac Death In Heart Failure Patients, Guliz Kozdag, Gokhan Ertas, Ender Emre, Yasar Akay, Umut Celikyurt, Tayfun Sahin, Gozde Gorur, Kurtulus Karauzum, Irem Yilmaz, Dilek Ural, Mira Sarsekeyeva

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Understanding the influence of sex differences on predictors of cardiac mortality rates in chronic heart failure might enable us to lengthen lifetimes and to improve lives. This study describes the influence of sex on cardiovascular mortality rates among chronic heart failure patients.

From January 2003 through December 2009, we evaluated 637 consecutive patients (409 men and 228 women) with chronic heart failure, who ranged in age from 18 through 94 years (mean age, 64 ± 13 yr) and ranged in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class from II through IV. The mean follow-up period was 38 ± 15 months, …

Induction Of Early Biomarkers In A Thrombus-Induced Sheep Model Of Ischemic Heart Failure, Aluganti N Chandrakala, Pawel Kwiatkowski, Chittoor B Sai-Sudhakar, Benjamin Sun, Angela Phillips, Sampath Parthasarathy

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

The levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are known to be increased in the sera of subjects with heart failure. Existing models do not account for the biomass of thrombus that occurs in patients undergoing myocardial infarction. In this study, we compared the expressions of sheep-derived genes for BNP, MCP-1, and atrial natriuretic peptide in a new large-animal model of thrombus-induced heart failure. Thrombus of autologous platelets was injected directly into the left circumflex coronary arteries of sheep. Cardiac ischemic injury was evaluated by troponin I levels, and heart failure progression was monitored with the …

Diagnostic Potential Of The Nmda Receptor Peptide Assay For Acute Ischemic Stroke, Svetlana A. Dambinova, Kerstin Bettermann, Theodore Glynn, Matthew Tews, David Olsen, Joseph D. Weissman, Richard K. Sowell

Faculty Articles

Background

The acute assessment of patients with suspected ischemic stroke remains challenging. The use of brain biomarker assays may improve the early diagnosis of ischemic stroke. The main goal of the study was to evaluate whether the NR2 peptide, a product of the proteolytic degradation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, can differentiate acute ischemic stroke (IS) from stroke mimics and persons with vascular risk factors/healthy controls. A possible correlation between biomarker values and lesion sizes was investigated as the secondary objective.

Methods and Findings

A total of 192 patients with suspected stroke who presented within 72 h of symptom onset …

The Long And Short Of It: The Role Of Telomeres In Fetal Origins Of Adult Disease., Stephanie E Hallows, Timothy Regnault, Dean H Betts

Paediatrics Publications

Placental insufficiency, maternal malnutrition, and other causes of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can significantly affect short-term growth and long-term health. Following IUGR, there is an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes. The etiology of these diseases is beginning to be elucidated, and premature aging or cellular senescence through increased oxidative stress and DNA damage to telomeric ends may be initiators of these disease processes. This paper will explore the areas where telomere and telomerase biology can have significant effects on various tissues in the body in IUGR outcomes.

Persistent Systemic Inflammation Is Associated With Poor Clinical Outcomes In Copd: A Novel Phenotype, Alvar Agustí, Lisa D. Edwards, Stephen I. Rennard, William Macnee, Ruth Tal-Singer, Bruce E. Miller, Jørgen Vestbo, David A. Lomas, Peter M.A. Calverley, Emiel Wouters, Courtney Crim, Julie C. Yates, Edwin K. Silverman, Harvey O. Coxson, Per Bakke, Ruth J. Mayer, Bartolome Celli, Evaluation Of Copd Longitudinally To Identify Predictive Surrogate Endpoints (Eclipse) Investigators

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: Because chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition, the identification of specific clinical phenotypes is key to developing more effective therapies. To explore if the persistence of systemic inflammation is associated with poor clinical outcomes in COPD we assessed patients recruited to the well-characterized ECLIPSE cohort (NCT00292552).

METHODS AND FINDINGS: Six inflammatory biomarkers in peripheral blood (white blood cells (WBC) count and CRP, IL-6, IL-8, fibrinogen and TNF-α levels) were quantified in 1,755 COPD patients, 297 smokers with normal spirometry and 202 non-smoker controls that were followed-up for three years. We found that, at baseline, 30% of …

A Novel Survival-Based Tissue Microarray Of Pancreatic Cancer Validates Muc1 And Mesothelin As Biomarkers., Jordan M Winter, Laura H Tang, David S Klimstra, Murray F Brennan, Jonathan R Brody, Flavio G Rocha, Xiaoyu Jia, Li-Xuan Qin, Michael I D'Angelica, Ronald P Dematteo, Yuman Fong, William R Jarnagin, Eileen M O'Reilly, Peter J Allen

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: One-fifth of patients with seemingly 'curable' pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) experience an early recurrence and death, receiving no definable benefit from a major operation. Some patients with advanced stage tumors are deemed 'unresectable' by conventional staging criteria (e.g. liver metastasis), yet progress slowly. Effective biomarkers that stratify PDA based on biologic behavior are needed. To help researchers sort through the maze of biomarker data, a compendium of ∼2500 published candidate biomarkers in PDA was compiled (PLoS Med, 2009. 6(4) p. e1000046).

METHODS AND FINDINGS: Building on this compendium, we constructed a survival tissue microarray (termed s-TMA) comprised of short-term …

Does The Expression Of Transforming Growth Factor Β-1: Affect The Outcome Of The Radiofrequency Modified Maze Procedure In Patients With Rheumatic Atrial Fibrillation?, Wei Wang, Lei Liu, Yuan Li, Sheng-Shou Hu, Yun-Hu Song, Xin Wang

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

We investigated whether the expression of transforming growth factor β-1 in the left atrial appendage affected the outcome of the radiofrequency modified maze procedure in patients with rheumatic valve disease and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation.

Messenger RNA and protein expression of transforming growth factor β-1 and volume fractions of collagen types I and III were measured in 80 patients with rheumatic valve atrial fibrillation who underwent valve surgery with the radiofrequency modified maze procedure; the same was done in a control group of 20 patients with rheumatic valve disease and sinus rhythm who underwent valve surgery alone.

At 6 months' …

Potential Role Of Plasma Myeloperoxidase Level In Predicting Long-Term Outcome Of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Mehmet Gungor Kaya, Ridvan Yalcin, Kaan Okyay, Fatih Poyraz, Nilufer Bayraktar, Hatice Pasaoglu, Bulent Boyaci, Atiye Cengel

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

We investigated the prognostic importance of plasma myeloperoxidase levels in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at long-term follow-up, and we analyzed the correlations between plasma myeloperoxidase levels and other biochemical values.

We evaluated 73 consecutive patients (56 men; mean age, 56 ±11 yr) diagnosed with acute STEMI and 46 age- and sex-matched healthy control participants. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the median myeloperoxidase level (Group 1: plasma myeloperoxidase ≤68 ng/mL; and Group 2: plasma myeloperoxidase >68 ng/mL). Patients were monitored for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), which were defined as cardiac death; reinfarction; …

Wound Healing And The Role Of Biomarkers And Biofilms, Mujtaba Khan

All Capstone Projects

An injury to the skin alters the integrity of underlying tissues and microcirculation and thus certainly culminates in a wound. Wound healing is a highly complex, dynamic, interactive and well regulated physiological process involving blood cells, extracellular matrix, parenchyma cells and soluble mediators. It starts with alteration in integrity of tissues and ends with the formation of scar. The process of wound healing is distinguished into Haemostasis, Inflammation, Proliferation and Remodeling. Various cells like platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, angiocytes, keratinocytes, fibroblasts and factors like platelet derived growth factor, transforming growth factor, platelet derived epidermal growth factors, fibroblasts growth factor, albumin, …

Factors Associated With Serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels After The Fontan Procedure., Andrew M. Atz, Victor Zak, Roger E. Breitbart, Steven D. Colan, Sara K. Pasquali, Daphne T. Hsu, Minmin Lu, Lynn Mahony, Stephen M. Paridon, Michael D. Puchalski, Tal Geva, Brian W. Mccrindle, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Although a useful marker of heart failure in adults, the utility of brain natriuretic peptide concentration (BNP) for children after the Fontan procedure is not well studied.

DESIGN: BNP was measured in 510 patients who were 6-18 years old in the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan cross-sectional study at a median of 8.2 years after Fontan. Patients underwent echocardiography, exercise testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional health status questionnaires. Associations of BNP with baseline patient characteristics, medical history and cross-sectional assessment were examined with multivariable linear regression analyses.

RESULTS: The distribution of BNP was highly skewed, median 13.0 pg/mL …

Renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy In Mice With Combined Deletion Of Endocytic Recycling Regulators Ehd3 And Ehd4., Manju George, Mark A. Rainey, Mayumi Naramura, Kirk W. Foster, Melissa S. Holzapfel, Laura L. Willoughby, Guoguang Ying, Rasna M. Goswami, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Vimla Band, Simon C. Satchell, Hamid Band

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

Eps15 Homology Domain-containing 3 (EHD3), a member of the EHD protein family that regulates endocytic recycling, is the first protein reported to be specifically expressed in the glomerular endothelium in the kidney; therefore we generated Ehd3(-/-) mice and assessed renal development and pathology. Ehd3(-/-) animals showed no overt defects, and exhibited no proteinuria or glomerular pathology. However, as the expression of EHD4, a related family member, was elevated in the glomerular endothelium of Ehd3(-/-) mice and suggested functional compensation, we generated and analyzed Ehd3(-/-); Ehd4(-/-) mice. These mice were smaller, possessed smaller and paler kidneys, were proteinuric and died between …

Noncoronary Cardiac Abnormalities Are Associated With Coronary Artery Dilation And With Laboratory Inflammatory Markers In Acute Kawasaki Disease., Beth F. Printz, Lynn A. Sleeper, Jane W. Newburger, L Luann Minich, Timothy Bradley, Meryl S. Cohen, Deborah Frank, Jennifer S. Li, Renee Margossian, Girish S. Shirali, Masato Takahashi, Steven D. Colan, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: We explored the association of noncoronary cardiac abnormalities with coronary artery dilation and with laboratory inflammatory markers early after Kawasaki disease (KD) diagnosis.

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction, mitral regurgitation (MR), and aortic root dilation occur early after diagnosis; their associations with coronary artery dilation and inflammatory markers have not been well-described.

METHODS: Centrally interpreted echocardiograms were obtained at KD diagnosis and 1 and 5 weeks after diagnosis on 198 subjects in the National Institutes of Health-sponsored Pediatric Heart Network KD pulsed steroid trial. Regression models were constructed to investigate the relationships among early LV dysfunction, MR, and aortic …

Usefulness Of The Echocardiographic Multi-Parameter Score (Emps) In Evaluating Left Ventricular Global Heart Function, Bingyuan Zhou, Junhua Yang, Xiangjun Yang, Yongming He, Caiming Zhao, Sudan Xu, Huifeng Wang

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

In this study, we established a new index by combining several echocardiographic parameters to quantify heart failure. We selected 233 consecutive patients who underwent both echocardiographic and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) tests within 24 hours after referral for suspected heart failure. The echocardiographic parameters included systolic function, diastolic function, left ventricular chamber remodeling, valvular lesions, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure, and regional wall-motion abnormality. Each factor was scored from 1 to 3 points according to its severity. The total point from these 6 factors is the echocardiographic multi-parameter score (EMPS).

The EMPS for 37, 51, 77, and 38 patients from …

Cd34-Positive Stem Cells In The Treatment Of Heart And Vascular Disease In Human Beings, Alexander R Mackie, Douglas W Losordo

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Bone marrow-derived CD34(+) cells are a well-characterized population of stem cells that have traditionally been used clinically to reconstitute the hematopoietic system after radiation or chemotherapy. More recently, CD34(+) cells have also been shown to induce therapeutic angiogenesis in animal models of myocardial, peripheral, and cerebral ischemia. The mechanism by which CD34(+) cells promote therapeutic angiogenesis is not completely understood, although evidence supports both direct incorporation of the cells into the expanding vasculature and paracrine secretion of angiogenic growth factors that support the developing microvasculature. Phase I and phase II clinical trials have explored the usefulness of CD34(+) cells in …

Micro-Ultrasonographic Imaging Of Atherosclerotic Progression And Correlation With Inflammatory Markers In Apolipoprotein-E Knockout Mice, Rong-Juan Li, Ya Yang, Yan-Hong Wang, Jin-Jie Xie, Li Song, Zheng Wang, Yao-Zhong Zhang, Yan-Wen Qin, Zhi-An Li, Xiao-Shan Zhang

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

We studied prospectively whether atherosclerotic progression in apolipoprotein-E knockout mice could be noninvasively and accurately measured by use of high-resolution ultrasonographic biomicroscopy. We examined the correlation between the ultrasonographic characterization of ascending aortic atherosclerotic plaque and plasma C-reactive protein, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 levels in these mice.

In 4 age groups (8, 16, 24, and 32 wk) of 8 male knockout mice each (atherosclerotic groups) and age-matched male C57BL/6 mice (control groups), we used ultrasonographic biomicroscopy to measure maximal plaque thickness or intima-media thickness in the ascending aorta. We compared the findings with corresponding histologic measurements, and we measured plasma C-reactive …

Improving Schizophrenia Diagnosis Through Biomarkers: An Upcoming Prospect, Syed Mohammad Asad Zaidi, Abdul Latif Bikak, Rameez-Ul Hassan

Medical College Documents

No abstract provided.

Sputum Neutrophils As A Biomarker In Copd: Findings From The Eclipse Study, Dave Singh, Lisa Edwards, Ruth Tal-Singer, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

INTRODUCTION: The percentage of neutrophils in sputum are increased in COPD patients, and may therefore be a biomarker of airway inflammation. We studied the relationships between sputum neutrophils and FEV1, health status, exacerbation rates, systemic inflammation and emphysema, and long term variability at 1 year.

METHODS: Sputum samples were obtained from 488 COPD patients within the ECLIPSE cohort. 359 samples were obtained at baseline, and 297 after 1 year. 168 subjects provided samples at both visits. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, surfactant protein D and C-reactive protein levels were measured by immunoassays. Low-dose CT scans evaluated emphysema.

RESULTS: Sputum neutrophil % …

Sox11 Expression Is Highly Specific For Mantle Cell Lymphoma And Identifies The Cyclin D1-Negative Subtype., Ana Mozos, Cristina Royo, Elena Hartmann, Daphne De Jong, Cristina Baró, Alexandra Valera, Kai Fu, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Jan Delabie, Shih-Sung Chuang, Elaine S. Jaffe, Carmen Ruiz-Marcellan, Sandeep Dave, Lisa Rimsza, Rita Braziel, Randy D. Gascoyne, Francisco Solé, Armando López-Guillermo, Dolors Colomer, Louis M. Staudt, Andreas Rosenwald, German Ott, Pedro Jares, Elias Campo

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

BACKGROUND: Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma is difficult to distinguish from other small B-cell lymphomas. The clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with this form of lymphoma have not been well defined. Overexpression of the transcription factor SOX11 has been observed in conventional mantle cell lymphoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether this gene is expressed in cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma and whether its detection may be useful to identify these tumors.

DESIGN AND METHODS: The microarray database of 238 mature B-cell neoplasms was re-examined. SOX11 protein expression was investigated immunohistochemically in 12 cases of cyclin …

A Randomized, Phase Ii Trial Of Two Dose Schedules Of Carboplatin/Paclitaxel/Cetuximab In Stage Iiib/Iv Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc), M.A. Socinski, Mansoor Saleh, D.F. Trent, T.W. Dobbs, L.M. Zehngebot, M.A. Levine, R. Bordoni, P.J. Stella

Haematology and Oncology, East Africa

Background: This trial investigated the efficacy and safety of weekly cetuximab combined with two different schedules of paclitaxel/carboplatin for stage IIIB/IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A total of 168 patients with previously untreated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were randomized to arm A, cetuximab (400 mg/m² day 1 followed by weekly 250 mg/m²) + paclitaxel (Taxol) (225 mg/m²)/carboplatin (AUC6) day 1 every 3 weeks or arm B, same cetuximab regimen plus paclitaxel (100 mg/m²) days 1, 8, and 15 every 3 weeks and carboplatin (AUC6) day 1 every 4 weeks. Treatment continued for a …

Maldi Mass Spectrometry Imaging For The Discovery Of Prostate Carcinoma Biomarkers, Lisa Harris Cazares

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The elucidation of new biological markers of prostate cancer (PCa) should aid in the detection, and prognosis of this disease. Diagnostic decision making by pathologists in prostate cancer is highly dependent on tissue morphology. The ability to localize disease-specific molecular changes in tissue would help improve this critical pathology decision making process. Direct profiling of proteins in tissue sections using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) has the power to link molecular detail to morphological and pathological changes, enhancing the ability to identify candidates for new specific biomarkers. However, critical questions remain regarding the integration of this technique with clinical decision …

Let-7 Expression Defines Two Differentiation Stages Of Cancer, Scott Shell, Sun-Mi Park, Amir Reza Radjabi, Robert Schickel, Emily Kistner, David Jewell

Dartmouth Scholarship

The early phases of carcinogenesis resemble embryonic development, often involving the reexpression of embryonic mesenchymal genes. The NCI60 panel of human tumor cell lines can genetically be subdivided into two superclusters (SCs) that correspond to CD95 Type I and II cells. SC1 cells are characterized by a mesenchymal and SC2 cells by an epithelial gene signature, suggesting that SC1 cells represent less differentiated, advanced stages of cancer. miRNAs are small 20- to 22-nucleotide-long noncoding RNAs that inhibit gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. By performing miRNA expression analysis on 10 Type I and 10 Type II cells, we have determined …

Clinical Implication Of Genome-Wide Profiling In Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma And Other Subtypes Of B-Cell Lymphoma., Javeed Iqbal, Shantaram Joshi, Kavita N. Patel, Sofi I. Javed, Can Kucuk, Afeera Aabida, Francesco D'Amore, Kai Fu

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

The differentiation of lymphoid cells is tightly regulated by transcription factors at various stages during their development. During the maturation processes, different genomic alterations or aberrations such as chromosomal translocation, mutation and deletions may occur that can eventually result in distinct biological and clinical tumors. The different differentiation stages create heterogeneity in lymphoid malignancies, which can complicate the diagnosis. The initial diagnostic scheme for lymphoid diseases was coined by Rappaport followed by Revised European and American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms (REAL) and World Health Organization (WHO) classifications. These classification methods were based on histological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic markers and widely …