Medical Specialties Commons^™

Rationale And Design Of The Phase 3 Keylynk-013 Study Of Pembrolizumab With Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Followed By Pembrolizumab With Or Without Olaparib For Limited-Stage Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Andreas Rimner, Wei-Chu Victoria Lai, Raffaele Califano, Salma K Jabbour, Charles M Rudin, Corinne Faivre-Finn, Byoung Chul Cho, Terufumi Kato, Jinming Yu, Wyatt Chafin, Li Yu, Bin Zhao, Lauren Byers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The current standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). The prognosis remains poor due to the aggressiveness and high risk of progression or relapse of SCLC even if an initial response is achieved. Therefore, there is an urgent unmet clinical need in this population. The multicenter, phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind KEYLYNK-013 study evaluates the addition of pembrolizumab to CCRT followed by pembrolizumab with or without olaparib in participants with previously untreated limited-stage SCLC. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04624204).

Methods: Eligible participants aged ≥18 years with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed, limited-stage …

Impact Of Risk-Based Sexually Transmitted Infection Screening In The Emergency Department, Fahd A Ahmad, Kayleigh Fischer, Hongjie Gu, Thomas C Bailey, Donna B Jeffe, Christopher R Carpenter, Philip R O Payne

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including chlamydia, gonorrhea, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pose a significant health burden in adolescents. Many adolescents receiving care in the emergency department (ED) are in need of testing, regardless of their chief complaint. Our objective was to determine whether an electronic, risk-based STI screening program in our ED was associated with an increase in STI testing among at-risk adolescents.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patient outcomes in our pediatric ED after integrating an Audio-enhanced Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) as standard of care. It obtained a focused sexual history and generated STI testing …

Urgent Cytoreduction For Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Allows Acquisition Of Pretreatment Genomic Data And Enrollment On Investigational Clinical Trials, Kunhwa Kim, Marina Konopleva, Courtney D Dinardo, Gautam Borthakur, Sanam Loghavi, Guilin Tang, Naval Daver, Naveen Pemmaraju, Elias Jabbour, Caitlin R Rausch, Musa Yilmaz, Koji Sasaki, Nicholas J Short, Nitin Jain, Mark Brandt, Sherry Pierce, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Farhad Ravandi, Hagop Kantarjian, Tapan M Kadia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia is often deemed a medical emergency, requiring urgent treatment. This is in contradiction with the need for accurate cytogenetic and molecular data, which is not immediately available, to select optimal therapy. We hypothesized that cytoreduction with hydroxyurea or cytarabine would enable urgent disease control and provide a bridge to clinical trial enrollment. We analyzed three prospective frontline clinical trials that allowed the use of cytoreduction before treatment initiation. Among 274 patients with a median age of 62 (range, 18-89), there was no significant difference in short- and long-term outcome and safety among patients who did …

Functional Genomic Analysis Of Epithelioid Sarcoma Reveals Distinct Proximal And Distal Subtype Biology, Samuel V Rasmussen, Jia Xiang Jin, Lissett R Bickford, Andrew D Woods, Felix Sahm, Kenneth A Crawford, Kiyo Nagamori, Hiroaki Goto, Keila E Torres, Angelo Sidoni, Erin R Rudzinski, Khin Thway, Robin L Jones, Alessio Ciulli, Hollis Wright, Melvin Lathara, Ganapati Srinivasa, Kavya Kannan, Paul H Huang, Thomas G P Grünewald, Noah E Berlow, Charles Keller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Metastatic epithelioid sarcoma (EPS) remains a largely unmet clinical need in children, adolescents and young adults despite the advent of EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat.

Methods: In order to realise consistently effective drug therapies, a functional genomics approach was used to identify key signalling pathway vulnerabilities in a spectrum of EPS patient samples. EPS biopsies/surgical resections and cell lines were studied by next-generation DNA exome and RNA deep sequencing, then EPS cell cultures were tested against a panel of chemical probes to discover signalling pathway targets with the most significant contributions to EPS tumour cell maintenance.

Results: Other biologically inspired functional …

United States Healthcare Burden Of Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Pain Disorder Hospitalizations From 2002 To 2018, John M Hollier, Jason L Salemi, Robert J Shulman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The healthcare burden of pediatric functional gastrointestinal pain disorders (FGIDs) is unclear. Our study aimed to characterize the burden of these hospitalizations in the United States (US).

METHODS: We utilized the US National Inpatient Sample from 2002 to 2018 to capture pediatric hospitalizations (ages 4 to 18 years old) with a primary discharge diagnosis of abdominal pain, constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, dyspepsia, abdominal migraine, cyclic vomiting syndrome, or fecal incontinence. We calculated the FGID hospitalization prevalence rate, length of stay (LOS), and inflation-adjusted costs annually and assessed for statistically significant trend changes using joinpoint analyses.

KEY RESULTS: 22.3 million …

Relationship Between Arterial Stiffness And Subsequent Cardiac Structure And Function In Young Adults With Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results From The Today Study, Amy S Shah, Samuel S Gidding, Laure El Ghormli, Jeanie B Tryggestad, Kristen J Nadeau, Fida Bacha, Lorraine E Levitt Katz, Steven M Willi, Joao Lima, Elaine M Urbina

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Higher arterial stiffness may contribute to future alterations in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. We tested this hypothesis in individuals with youth-onset type 2 diabetes from the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study.

METHODS: Arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [carotid-femoral, femoral-foot, and carotid-radial], augmentation index, brachial distensibility) was measured in 388 participants with type 2 diabetes (mean age, 21 years; diabetes duration, 7.7 ± 1.5 years). To reflect overall (composite) vascular stiffness, the five arterial stiffness measures were aggregated. An echocardiogram was performed in the same cohort 2 years later. Linear regression …

Anal Cytology Screening In Men Who Have Sex With Men With Hiv At A University Hospital In Bogotá, Colombia, I Tatiana Ordoñez-Blanco, Samuel Martínez-Vernaza, Kevin J Blair, Camilo Quiroga, Ellen Lowenstein, Luis J Lombana Amaya, Jesse Clark, Jordan E Lake, Sandra Liliana Valderrama-Beltrán

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Risk of anal squamous cell carcinoma (anal cancer) is greater among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We describe the frequency of and factors associated with abnormal anal cytology results in Colombian MSM living with HIV.

Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study included MSM ≥18 years old living with HIV screened with anal cytology at Hospital Universitario San Ignacio in Bogotá, Colombia between January 2019 and February 2020. A multivariable log-binomial regression model estimated associations with abnormal anal cytology.

Results: A total of 211 patients were included. Mean age was 35.6 years. …

Long-Term Outcomes Among Adolescent And Young Adult Survivors Of Acute Leukemia: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, And End Results Analysis, Amy M Berkman, Clark R Andersen, Branko Cuglievan, David C Mccall, Philip J Lupo, Susan K Parsons, Courtney D Dinardo, Nicholas J Short, Nitin Jain, Tapan M Kadia, J A Livingston, Michael E Roth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There is a growing population of adolescent and young adult (AYA, age 15-39 years) acute leukemia survivors in whom long-term mortality outcomes are largely unknown.

Methods: The current study utilized the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry to assess long-term outcomes of AYA acute leukemia 5-year survivors. The impact of diagnosis age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and decade of diagnosis on long-term survival were assessed utilizing an accelerated failure time model.

Results: A total of 1,938 AYA acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 2,350 AYA acute myeloid leukemia (AML) survivors diagnosed between 1980 and 2009 were included with a …

Factors Impacting Adolescent And Young Adult Cancer Patients’ Decision To Pursue Genetic Counseling And Testing, Megan Morand, Michael Roth, Susan K Peterson, Erica M Bednar, Aarti Ramdaney, J Andrew Livingston, Angela Yarbrough, Jessica Corredor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients face challenges when navigating cancer treatment and survivorship. Many are at risk for cancer predisposition syndromes; however, factors influencing pursuit of genetic counseling and testing have not been reported. We describe AYA cancer patients' decision-making process, including motivational factors and barriers, as it relates to utilization of genetic services.

Methods: Thirty AYAs diagnosed with cancer previously referred for cancer predisposition genetic counseling completed semi-structured interviews via audio-only Zoom calls. Thematic analysis was used to perform qualitative analysis and identify major themes.

Results: The sample comprised 21 AYAs who had genetic counseling and …

Cross-Reactive Immunity Against The Sars-Cov-2 Omicron Variant Is Low In Pediatric Patients With Prior Covid-19 Or Mis-C., Juanjie Tang, Tanya Novak, Julian Hecker, Gabrielle Grubbs, Fatema Tuz Zahra, Lorenza Bellusci, Sara Pourhashemi, Janet Chou, Kristin Moffitt, Natasha B. Halasa, Stephanie P. Schwartz, Tracie C. Walker, Keiko M. Tarquinio, Matt S. Zinter, Mary A. Staat, Shira J. Gertz, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Jennifer E. Schuster, Laura L. Loftis, Bria M. Coates, Elizabeth H. Mack, Katherine Irby, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Courtney M. Rowan, Michele Kong, Heidi R. Flori, Aline B. Maddux, Steven L. Shein, Hillary Crandall, Janet R. Hume, Charlotte V. Hobbs, Adriana H. Tremoulet, Chisato Shimizu, Jane C. Burns, Sabrina R. Chen, Hye Kyung Moon, Christoph Lange, Adrienne G. Randolph, Surender Khurana

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Neutralization capacity of antibodies against Omicron after a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents is not well studied. Therefore, we evaluated virus-neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron variants by age-stratified analyses (5 years of age. As expected, convalescent pediatric COVID-19 and MIS-C cohorts demonstrate higher neutralization titers than hospitalized acute COVID-19 patients. Overall, children and adolescents show some loss of cross-neutralization against all variants, with the most pronounced loss against Omicron. In contrast to SARS-CoV-2 infection, children vaccinated twice demonstrated higher titers against Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron. These findings can influence transmission, re-infection …

An Observational Retrospective Study Of Adverse Events And Behavioral Outcomes During Pediatric Dental Sedation, Kawtar Zouaidi, Gregory Olson, Helen H Lee, Elsbeth Kalenderian, Muhammad F Walji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine a university-based dental electronic health records (EHR) database to identify sedation-related adverse events (AEs) and assess patients' behavioral outcomes during routine pediatric dental sedations (PDSs) in a dental school clinic.

Methods: A database was screened for patients younger than 18 years old who had received dental sedation in 2019. The qualifying EHRs were then accessed and sedations were reviewed for AEs, which were categorized using a 12-point classification system and the Tracking and Reporting Outcomes of Procedural Sedation Tool. Patient behaviors were assessed using provider progress notes and categorized as presence/ …

Family-Centered Training And Therapy As Substance Abuse Intervention In Adolescents, Ryan St. John, Cam'ron Klotz, Muskaan Bibi, Archana Salek

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

We hypothesized that providing mental health resources for adolescents and educating their parents and families would decrease the prevalence of substance abuse in the Camden, NJ community given that overdose death had risen 138% from 2014-2018. Educating parents and families on the importance of adolescents dealing with mental disorders may help evaluate the mental stability of their child and prevent them from turning to illicit substance to cope. Increasing the communication and the availability of resources for adolescents to turn to before resorting to illicit substances can have beneficial effects.

Bilateral Teratomas In Pediatric Patient With Unilateral Ovarian Torsion, David Ho, Maya Borowczak, Archana Verma

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Ovarian torsion is a surgical emergency found in both pediatric and adult populations. It involves the full or partial rotation of the vessels that supply the ovary, resulting in ischemia. In this report, we present the case of a pediatric patient arriving to the Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) for evaluation of right lower quadrant (RLQ) abdominal pain, who was found to have an ovarian torsion. In this particular case, the patient’s ovarian torsion was due to a teratoma, and imaging would later identify an additional smaller teratoma on the contralateral side. This case shows the importance of considering ovarian pathologies …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Pediatric Obesity In School-Aged Children, Amaani Faizal, Maryanna Schweininger, Suzanna Hosein

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The prevalence of childhood obesity in those aged 2-19 in the United States was 19.3% in 2017-2018. Childhood obesity is a major health concern with growing rates of incidence. Being overweight or obese put children at risk for developing several chronic conditions such as coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and asthma at a younger age. Studies have shown that higher BMI numbers in childhood added an increased risk of being obese as an adult.

The pathophysiology of developing obesity includes several complex factors ranging from nutrition, physical activity, genetic background and lifestyle preferences. Among children, nutrition and …

The Impact On Adolescent Mental Health In South Jersey Due To The Cancelation And Return Of Sports, Tara Pellegrino, Tara Young

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, many organized sports programs have been canceled or limited in participation. While research prior to the pandemic has strongly suggested that participation in organized sports has benefits for mental and physical health, especially in adolescence, there have been minimal studies on how the removal of organized sports affects mental health outcomes. Additionally, studies have found that the stress of the pandemic and its associated life changes has greatly decreased mental health outcomes in our target population. These findings may indicate the importance of return to organized sports in a time where mental health outcomes are …

Assessing The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Adolescent Mental Health, Vanessa Pizutelli, Yanil Morales, Christina Copeland, Archana Salek

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Adolescence is a crucial period in which adverse childhood experiences, social relationships, and habits can influence mental wellbeing. According to the CDC, the onset of mental illness is 14.5 years old, which is why it is imperative that individuals with mental health conditions receive early intervention. Since the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, research has shown a dramatic decline in adolescent mental health. Specifically in New Jersey, it has been reported that individuals ages 18-23 have the highest levels of stress and depressive symptoms since the start of the pandemic. In light of these findings, it is vital that more …

Association Of Physical Activity, Sports, And Screen Time With Adolescent Behaviors In Youth Who Visit The Pediatric Emergency Department, Rohit P Shenoi, James G Linakis, Julie R Bromberg, T Charles Casper, Rachel Richards, Thomas H Chun, Victor M Gonzalez, Michael J Mello, Anthony Spirito

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sports, and reduced screen time are associated with favorable youth risk profiles. We evaluated the association of MVPA, sports, and screen time with adolescent behaviors among pediatric emergency department youth. Adolescents were assessed for alcohol/drug use, risky behavior, conduct disorder, and depressive mood. MVPA was activity for ≥5 days/week and ≥60 minutes/day. Increased screen time was ≥3 hours/day computer/TV use for non-schoolwork. Multivariable regression studied association between MVPA, sports, and increased screen time and outcomes adjusting for demographics and academic achievement. Older age and lower academic achievement were significantly associated with risky behaviors, conduct …

Organ Fat In Latino Youth At Risk For Type 2 Diabetes, Janiel L Pimentel, Kiley B Vander Wyst, Erica G Soltero, Armando Peña, Houchun H Hu, Smita S Bailey, Amber Pokorney, Stephanie L Ayers, Ana Martinez Valencia, Micah L Olson, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Purpose: Obesity in youth increases the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and elevated abdominal adipose tissue and organ fat may be particularly deleterious. The purpose of this study was to examine associations among measures of adiposity including total, visceral, and organ fat (hepatic and pancreatic) and whether these measures were independently associated with glycemia in Latino youth at risk for diabetes.

Methods: Latino adolescents (47 boys and 32 girls, 13.7 ± 1.4 years) with obesity (BMIz 2.3 ± 0.3) were assessed for total fat by DXA and visceral and organ fat by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Glycemic indicators …

Adolescent Hiv Pre Exposure Prophylaxis Prescribing Practices Among Family Medicine Physicians: Limited Immediate Uptake, Marshal Miller, E. Cooper, S. Elsesser, A. Cunningham

Department of Family & Community Medicine Posters

This study aims to:

• Examine the adolescent PrEP prescribing practices and knowledge of family medicine physicians.
• Begin to identify areas that might be key targets for interventions which may lead to increased adolescent PrEP prescribing uptake.

Standardizing Naturalistic Teaching Opportunities For Problem-Based Learning In Diabetes Education: A Quality Improvement Project, Austin Mccaslin

DNP Projects

Significance and Background:

Poor diabetes management is linked to serious long and short-term health complications. Despite this, medication adherence is a significant problem in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Management is further complicated by low socioeconomic status, even when mitigated by free healthcare, highlighting health literacy as a culprit of disparities. Evidence shows that a common barrier for adolescents is proficiency in dose determination. Carbohydrate counting is an integral skill, necessary for attaining glycemic control. At a homecare agency serving adolescents with poorly controlled diabetes by providing oversight of medication administration and education, it was noted that patients continued to …

Metabolic Inflexibility In Youth With Obesity: Is It A Feature Of Obesity Or Distinctive Of Youth Who Are Metabolically Unhealthy?, Nour Y Gebara, Joon Young Kim, Fida Bacha, Sojung Lee, Silva Arslanian

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Individuals with obesity have metabolic inflexibility with diminished fasting fat oxidation and blunted increase in respiratory quotient (RQ) in insulin-stimulated states. However, it is unclear if metabolic inflexibility is a characteristic of obesity per se or is unique to youth who have metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) compared with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). We investigated metabolic flexibility in youth with MUO, MHO and normal weight (NW) and compared their metabolic characteristics. Youth (n = 188) were divided, based on cut-off points for in vivo insulin sensitivity (IS) of adolescents with NW, into 137 with MUO and 51 with MHO. Fasting hepatic …

Examining 24-Hour Activity And Sleep Behaviors And Related Determinants In Latino Adolescents And Young Adults With Obesity, Erica G Soltero, Neeku Navabi, Kiley B Vander Wyst, Edith Hernandez, Felipe G Castro, Stephanie L Ayers, Jenny Mendez, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background.

Few studies have examined 24-hour activity and sleep behaviors and their contribution to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Latino adolescents and young adults with obesity.

Aim.

This study included quantitative data on T2D risk and 24-hour activity and sleep behaviors and qualitative data on individual, social, and environmental behavioral determinants.

Method.

A 7 day, 24-hour, wrist-worn accelerometer protocol assessed moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviors (SB), sleep, and sleep regularity, in adolescents (N = 38; 12–16 years) and young adults (N = 22; 18–22 years). T2D-related outcomes included adiposity (BMI, BF%, waist circumference), fasting, and 2-hour glucose. …

Trans Fatty Acid Biomarkers And Incident Type 2 Diabetes: Pooled Analysis Of 12 Prospective Cohort Studies In The Fatty Acids And Outcomes Research Consortium (Force), Heidi T M Lai, Fumiaki Imamura, Andres V Ardisson Korat, Rachel A Murphy, Nathan Tintle, Julie K Bassett, Jiaying Chen, Janine Kröger, Kuo-Liong Chien, Mackenzie Senn, Alexis C Wood, Nita G Forouhi, Matthias B Schulze, William S Harris, Ramachandran S Vasan, Frank Hu, Graham G Giles, Allison Hodge, Luc Djousse, Ingeborg A Brouwer, Frank Qian, Qi Sun, Jason H Y Wu, Matti Marklund, Rozenn N Lemaitre, David S Siscovick, Amanda M Fretts, Aladdin H Shadyab, Joann E Manson, Barbara V Howard, Jennifer G Robinson, Robert B Wallace, Nick J Wareham, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Jerome I Rotter, Michael Y Tsai, Renata Micha, Dariush Mozaffarian, Fatty Acids And Outcomes Research Consortium (Force)

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: Trans fatty acids (TFAs) have harmful biologic effects that could increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but evidence remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the prospective associations of TFA biomarkers and T2D by conducting an individual participant-level pooled analysis.

Research design and methods: We included data from an international consortium of 12 prospective cohorts and nested case-control studies from six nations. TFA biomarkers were measured in blood collected between 1990 and 2008 from 25,126 participants aged ≥18 years without prevalent diabetes. Each cohort conducted de novo harmonized analyses using a prespecified protocol, and findings were pooled using …

Metabolic Inflexibility In Youth With Obesity: Is It A Feature Of Obesity Or Distinctive Of Youth Who Are Metabolically Unhealthy?, Nour Y Gebara, Joon Young Kim, Fida Bacha, Sojung Lee, Silva Arslanian

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background:

Individuals with obesity have metabolic inflexibility with diminished fasting fat oxidation and blunted increase in respiratory quotient (RQ) in insulin-stimulated states. However, it is unclear if metabolic inflexibility is a characteristic of obesity per se or is unique to youth who have metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) compared with metabolically healthy obesity (MHO).

Objective:

We investigated metabolic flexibility in youth with MUO, MHO and normal weight (NW) and compared their metabolic characteristics.

Patients/Design:

Youth (n=188) were divided, based on cut-off points for in vivo insulin sensitivity (IS) of adolescents with NW, into 137 with MUO and 51 with MHO. Fasting …

Association Of Abnormal Findings On Neonatal Cranial Ultrasound With Neurobehavior At Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Discharge In Infants Born Before 30 Weeks' Gestation., Jennifer Helderman, T Michael O'Shea, Lynne Dansereau, Jennifer Check, Julie A. Hofheimer, Lynne M. Smith, Elisabeth Mcgowan, Charles R. Neal, Brian S. Carter, Steven L. Pastyrnak, Bradford Betz, Joseph Junewick, Heather L. Borders, Sheri A. Dellagrotta, Barry M. Lester

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Importance: Cranial ultrasound (CUS) findings are routinely used to identify preterm infants at risk for impaired neurodevelopment, and neurobehavioral examinations provide information about early brain function. The associations of abnormal findings on early and late CUS with neurobehavior at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge have not been reported.

Objective: To examine the associations between early and late CUS findings and infant neurobehavior at NICU discharge.

Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study included infants enrolled in the Neonatal Neurobehavior and Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants Study between April 2014 and June 2016. Infants born before 30 weeks' gestational …

Pediatric Growth Patterns In Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Implications For Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Models., Chelsea M. Hosey, Kelsee Halpin, Valentina Shakhnovich, Chengpeng Bi, Brooke Sweeney, Yun Yan, J Steven Leeder

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

An accurate understanding of the changes in height and weight of children with age is critical to the development of models predicting drug concentrations in children (i.e., physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models). However, curves describing the growth of a typical population of children may not accurately characterize growth of children with various conditions, such as obesity. Therefore, to develop height and weight versus age growth curves for youth who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, we extracted data from electronic medical records. Robust nonlinear models were parameterized to the equations describing height and weight versus age as defined by the Centers for …

Mrna Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine-Associated Myopericarditis In Adolescents: A Survey Study, Utkarsh Kohli, Lavina Desai, Devyani Chowdhury, Ashraf S Harahsheh, Alexandra B Yonts, Annette Ansong, Arash Sabati, Hoang H Nguyen, Tarique Hussain, Danyal Khan, David A Parra, Jennifer A Su, Jyoti K Patel, Christina Ronai, Monique Bohun, Bishara J Freij, Matthew J O'Connor, Joseph W Rosanno, Aamisha Gupta, Arash Salavitabar, Adam L Dorfman, Jesse Hansen, Olivia Frosch, Elizabeth L Profita, Shiraz Maskatia, Deepika Thacker, Shubhika Shrivastava, Tyler H Harris, Brian Feingold, Stuart Berger, Michael Campbell, Salim F Idriss, Srikant Das, Markus S Renno, Ken Knecht, S Yukiko Asaki, Sunil Patel, Ravi Ashwath, Renata Shih, John Phillips, Bibhuti Das, Preeti Ramachandran, Eyal Sagiv, Aarti H Bhat, Jonathan N Johnson, Nathaniel W Taggart, Jason Imundo, Natasha Nakra, Shashank Behere, Anjlee Patel, Avichal Aggarwal, Saif Aljemmali, Sean Lang, Sarosh P Batlivala, Daniel E Forsha, Gregory P Conners, Jana Shaw, Frank C Smith, Linda Pauliks, Joseph Vettukattil, Kenneth Shaffer, Stefanie Cheang, Sonia Voleti, Rajesh Shenoy, Rukmini Komarlu, Shea J Ryan, Christopher Snyder, Neha Bansal, Madhu Sharma, Jeffrey A Robinson, Sandra R Arnold, Christine M Salvatore, Madan Kumar, Michael A Fremed, Julie S Glickstein, Melissa Perrotta, William Orr, Tamika Rozema, Muthayipalayam Thirumoorthi, Charles J Mullett, Jocelyn Y Ang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In this survey study of institutions across the US, marked variability in evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of adolescents 12 through 18 years of age with mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-associated myopericarditis was noted. Only one adolescent with life-threatening complications was reported, with no deaths at any of the participating institutions.

Parents' Reports Of Children's Physical And Sedentary Behavior Engagement Among Parents In Weight Management, Catherine Van Fossen, Haley Kiser, Callie Lambert Brown, Joseph Skelton, Keeley Jean Pratt

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between demographics, family exercise participation, family discouragement of exercise, and the children's physical and sedentary behaviors to identify specific areas of physical activity intervention for children with parents engaged in medical weight management (MWM).

Methods: Parents (n = 294) of children aged 2-18 years old were recruited from two university MWM programs to complete a one-time survey. Bivariate analyses tested associations.

Results: Parents reported that sedentary activity was higher for children who identified as racial minorities (t(141) = -2.05, p < 0.05). Mobile phone and tablet use was higher for adolescents compared to school age and young children (H(2) = 10.96, p < 01) Exercise game use was higher for racial minority children compared to white children (U = 9440.5, z = 2.47, p ≤ 0.03). Male children (t(284) = 1.83, p < 0.07), children perceived to have a healthy weight status (t(120) = 4.68, p < 0.00), and younger children (t(289) = 1.79, p < 0.08) all engaged in more strenuous physical activity. Family exercise participation (t(162) = -2.93, p < 0.01) and family discouragement of exercise (U = 7813.50, z = -2.06, p ≤ 0.04) were significantly higher for children in racial minority families.

Conclusions: Future work should determine methods to engage children …

Study Protocol For The Innovative Support For Patients With Sars-Cov-2 Infections Registry (Inspire): A Longitudinal Study Of The Medium And Long-Term Sequelae Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Kelli N O'Laughlin, Matthew Thompson, Bala Hota, Michael Gottlieb, Ian D Plumb, Anna Marie Chang, Lauren E Wisk, Aron J Hall, Ralph C Wang, Erica S Spatz, Kari A Stephens, Ryan M Huebinger, Samuel A Mcdonald, Arjun Venkatesh, Nikki Gentile, B. H. Slovis, Mandy Hill, Sharon Saydah, Ahamed H Idris, Robert Rodriguez, Harlan M Krumholz, Joann G Elmore, Robert A Weinstein, Graham Nichol

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: Reports on medium and long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infections largely lack quantification of incidence and relative risk. We describe the rationale and methods of the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Registry (INSPIRE) that combines patient-reported outcomes with data from digital health records to understand predictors and impacts of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: INSPIRE is a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study of individuals with symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection in eight regions across the US. Adults are eligible for enrollment if they are fluent in English or Spanish, reported symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and if they are within 42 days …

Prolonged Glycemic Adaptation Following Transition From A Low- To High-Carbohydrate Diet: A Randomized Controlled Feeding Trial, Lisa T Jansen, Nianlan Yang, Julia M W Wong, Tapan Mehta, David B Allison, David S Ludwig, Cara B Ebbeling

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: Consuming ≥150 g/day carbohydrate is recommended for 3 days before an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for diabetes diagnosis. For evaluation of this recommendation, time courses of glycemic changes following transition from a very-low-carbohydrate (VLC) to high-carbohydrate diet were assessed with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).

Research design and methods: After achieving a weight loss target of 15% (±3%) on the run-in VLC diet, participants (18-50 years old, BMI ≥27 kg/m2) were randomly assigned for 10 weeks to one of three isoenergetic diets: VLC (5% carbohydrate and 77% fat); high carbohydrate, high starch (HC-Starch) (57% carbohydrate and 25% fat, including …