Medical Specialties Commons^™

Association Between Hospitals Caring For A Disproportionately High Percentage Of Minority Trauma Patients And Increased Mortality: A Nationwide Analysis Of 434 Hospitals., Adil H. Haider, Sharon Ong'uti, David T. Efron, Tolulope A. Oyetunji, Marie L. Crandall, Valerie K. Scott, Elliott R. Haut, Eric B. Schneider, Neil R. Powe, Lisa A. Cooper, Edward E. Cornwell

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is an increased odds of mortality among trauma patients treated at hospitals with higher proportions of minority patients (ie, black and Hispanic patients combined).

DESIGN: Hospitals were categorized on the basis of the percentage of minority patients admitted with trauma. The adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality were compared between hospitals with less than 25% of patients who were minorities (the reference group) and hospitals with 25% to 50% of patients who were minorities and hospitals with more than 50% of patients who were minorities. Multivariate logistic regression (with generalized linear modeling and a cluster-correlated robust …

Project P.A.T.H.S. In Hong Kong: New Curriculum In Response To Adolescent Developmental Issues, Hing Keung Ma, Daniel T. L. Shek, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract.

A Brief Overview Of Adolescent Developmental Problems In Hong Kong, Daniel T. L. Shek, Hing Keung Ma, Rachel C. F. Sun

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Several adolescent developmental problems in Hong Kong are briefly reviewed in this paper. First, rising adolescent substance abuse trends are described. Second, Internet use problems and Internet addiction among young people are examined. Third, worrying trends in adolescent sexuality are identified. Fourth, phenomena on bullying among young people are reviewed. Finally, phenomena related to adolescent materialistic orientation are focused upon. With reference to these adolescent developmental problems, possible solutions are briefly discussed particularly with reference to the ecological perspective. It is argued that the related scientific literature provides useful pointers for designing the curriculum in the extension phase of the …

Development Of A New Curriculum In A Positive Youth Development Program: The Project P.A.T.H.S. In Hong Kong, Daniel T. L. Shek, Hing Keung Ma, Rachel C. F. Sun

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The design of a new curriculum in a positive youth development program (Project P.A.T.H.S.) in Hong Kong is outlined. The Tier 1 Program of the original phase of the Project P.A.T.H.S. is a universal positive youth development program for students in Secondary 1 to Secondary 3 with the curricula developed by a research team comprising scholars in different disciplines (e.g., social work, psychology, and education). The 120 teaching units are designed with reference to 15 positive youth development constructs identified in the successful positive youth development programs. In the extension phase of the project, a new curriculum with 60 teaching …

Non-Geometric Echocardiographic Indices Of Ventricular Function In Patients With A Fontan Circulation., Jonathan Rhodes, Renee Margossian, Lynn A. Sleeper, Piers Barker, Timothy J. Bradley, Minmin Lu, Mark Fogel, Matthew A. Harris, Wyman W. Lai, Andrew J. Powell, Michael D. Puchalski, Girish S. Shirali, Steven D. Colan, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Complex anatomy and limited windows complicate echocardiographic assessments of ventricular function in Fontan patients. For the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study, data were acquired from which mean ventricular pressure change during isovolumetric contraction (dP/dt(ic)), Tei index, and maximal systolic annular velocity (S') could be measured. The purpose of this study was to compare these nongeometric indices of ventricular function to cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) measurements of ventricular ejection fraction (EF).

METHODS: Echocardiographic and CMR studies were performed prospectively using standardized protocols; measurements were completed by core laboratories. Data from both modalities were available from 137 patients.

RESULTS: A …

Burden Of Traumatic Spine Fractures In Tehran, Iran., Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Mohammad R Rasouli, Alexander Vaccaro, Soheil Saadat, Mohammad R Zarei, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar

Rothman Institute Papers

UNLABELLED: ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND: The Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) was designed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to measure, compare, and analyze the burden of various diseases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the assessment of burden of traumatic spinal fracture (TSF) in an Iranian community. We estimated burden of TSF includes both isolated (iTSF) and associated injuries related to traumatic spinal fractures (aTSF) in Tehran, the capital of Iran, for the year 2006-2007 using DALYs.

METHODS: Burden of TSF was estimated based on information provided by the national data on Iranian trauma, data from …

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Maternal And Umbilical Cord Blood From Pregnant Hispanic Women Living In Brownsville, Texas, Ken Sexton, Jennifer J Salinas, Thomas J Mcdonald, Rose M Z Gowen, Rebecca P Miller, Joseph B Mccormick, Susan P Fisher-Hoch

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Venous blood was drawn from 35 pregnant Hispanic women living in Brownsville, Texas, and matched cord blood was collected at birth. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to measure concentrations of 55 individual PAHs or groups of PAHs. Results indicate that these women and their fetuses were regularly exposed to multiple PAHs at comparatively low concentrations, with levels in cord blood generally exceeding levels in paired maternal blood. While the possibility of related adverse effects on the fetus is uncertain, these exposures in combination with socioeconomically-disadvantaged and environmentally-challenging living conditions raise legitimate public health concerns.

Factors Associated With Serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels After The Fontan Procedure., Andrew M. Atz, Victor Zak, Roger E. Breitbart, Steven D. Colan, Sara K. Pasquali, Daphne T. Hsu, Minmin Lu, Lynn Mahony, Stephen M. Paridon, Michael D. Puchalski, Tal Geva, Brian W. Mccrindle, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Although a useful marker of heart failure in adults, the utility of brain natriuretic peptide concentration (BNP) for children after the Fontan procedure is not well studied.

DESIGN: BNP was measured in 510 patients who were 6-18 years old in the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan cross-sectional study at a median of 8.2 years after Fontan. Patients underwent echocardiography, exercise testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional health status questionnaires. Associations of BNP with baseline patient characteristics, medical history and cross-sectional assessment were examined with multivariable linear regression analyses.

RESULTS: The distribution of BNP was highly skewed, median 13.0 pg/mL …

Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, And Adenitis (Pfapa) Is A Disorder Of Innate Immunity And Th1 Activation Responsive To Il-1 Blockade., Silvia Stojanov, Sivia Lapidus, Puja Chitkara, Henry Feder, Juan C Salazar, Thomas A Fleisher, Margaret R Brown, Kathryn M Edwards, Michael M Ward, Robert A Colbert, Hong-Wei Sun, Geryl M Wood, Beverly K Barham, Anne Jones, Ivona Aksentijevich, Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky, Balu Athreya, Karyl S Barron, Daniel L Kastner

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

The syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) is the most common periodic fever disease in children. However, the pathogenesis is unknown. Using a systems biology approach we analyzed blood samples from PFAPA patients whose genetic testing excluded hereditary periodic fevers (HPFs), and from healthy children and pediatric HPF patients. Gene expression profiling could clearly distinguish PFAPA flares from asymptomatic intervals, HPF flares, and healthy controls. During PFAPA attacks, complement (C1QB, C2, SERPING1), IL-1-related (IL-1B, IL-1RN, CASP1, IL18RAP), and IFN-induced (AIM2, IP-10/CXCL10) genes were significantly overexpressed, but T cell-associated transcripts (CD3, CD8B) were down-regulated. On the …

Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level And Acute-Phase Reaction Following Initial Intravenous Bisphosphonate., Tarak Srivastava, Hongying Dai, Connie J. Haney, Uri S. Alon

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Relation Of Size Of Secondary Ventricles To Exercise Performance In Children After Fontan Operation., Ashwin Prakash, Thomas G. Travison, Mark A. Fogel, Lynne M. Hurwitz, Andrew J. Powell, Beth F. Printz, Michael D. Puchalski, Girish S. Shirali, Shi-Joon Yoo, Tal Geva, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The effects of the nondominant or secondary ventricle on the Fontan circulation are not known. The present study used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the relations between secondary ventricular size and global cardiac performance. The Fontan cross-sectional study collected data from 7 centers participating in the Pediatric Heart Network. Subjects with complete cardiac magnetic resonance imaging data and an identifiable secondary ventricle were included in the analysis. Relationships between body surface area-adjusted parameters of the secondary ventricle (mass, end-diastolic volume, mass/volume ratio, and stroke volume) and the following measures were assessed. These measures included the percentage of predicted peak …

Postoperative Complications Of Powered Intracapsular Tonsillectomy And Monopolar Electrocautery Tonsillectomy In Teens Versus Adults., Douglas R Johnston, Michael Gaslin, Maurits Boon, Edmund Pribitkin, David Rosen

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to determine whether teens have different rates of posttonsillectomy hemorrhage, admission for dehydration, or recurrent tonsillitis compared to adults. Specifically, these parameters were compared within two groups: patients who underwent powered intracapsular tonsillectomy (PIT) and those who underwent monopolar electrocautery tonsillectomy (MET).

METHODS: In a retrospective review of 579 patients at least 12 years of age from January 2000 to July 2006 in a tertiary referral center, outcome measures of reoperation for hemorrhage, readmission or emergency room visit for dehydration, and postoperative tonsillitis were compared for 200 patients 12 to 19 years of age and …

Hypertension In Children And Adolescents: Epidemiology And Natural History., Bonita Falkner

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Primary hypertension is detectable in children and adolescents and, as in adults, is associated with a positive family history of hypertension, obesity, and life-style factors. Owing to the well-established childhood obesity epidemic, the population prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) in the young is increasing. Hypertension in childhood is commonly associated with other cardiovascular risk factors as well as obesity. Although death and cardiovascular disability do not occur in hypertensive children, intermediate markers of target organ damage, such as left ventricular hypertrophy, thickening of the carotid vessel wall, retinal vascular changes, and even subtle cognitive changes, are detectable in children …

Vampirism, Vampire Cults And The Teenager Of Today, Megan White, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The aim of this paper is to summarize the limited literature on clinical vampirism, vampire cults and the involvement of adolescents in vampire-like behavior. The various definitions of clinical vampirism are outlined and the emergence of vampire cults from Gothic culture is examined. Further, the clinical features of cult behavior, the attraction to cults, the risk factors for cult involvement, and the clinical management of cult members are discussed. Additionally, vampire popular media is briefly introduced and a case study presented.

Splenic Infarction: An Update On William Osler's Observations., Yaacov R Lawrence, Ma Mbbs Mrcp, Russell Pokroy, Mb Bch, Daniel Berlowitz, Mb Bch, Dvora Aharoni, Md, Daniel Hain, Md, Gabriel S Breuer, Md

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Osler taught that splenic infarction presents with left upper abdominal quadrant pain, tenderness and swelling accompanied by a peritoneal friction rub. Splenic infarction is classically associated with bacterial endocarditis and sickle cell disease.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the contemporary experience of splenic infarction.

METHODS: We conducted a chart review of inpatients diagnosed with splenic infarction in a Jerusalem hospital between 1990 and 2003.

RESULTS: We identified 26 cases with a mean age of 52 years. Common causes were hematologic malignancy (six cases) and intracardiac thrombus (five cases). Only three cases were associated with bacterial endocarditis. In 21 cases the splenic …

Basal Insulin Requirements On Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion During The First 12 Months After Diagnosis Of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus., Neesha Ramchandani, Mary Kristine Ellis, Shobhit Jain, Sonal Bhandari, Henry Anhalt, Noel K. Maclaren, Svetlana Ten

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: While the endogenous first-phase insulin response has disappeared by the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), anecdotal evidence suggests that these patients can continue to have a second-phase insulin response during the first 12 months after diagnosis. We hypothesized that patients who are started on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) at the time of diagnosis of T1DM would have a lower basal insulin requirement than the 40-60% usually expected.

METHODS: We analyzed 38 patients with T1DM, age 9.9 +/- 6.4 years, 71% male, who were started on CSII within the first month of diagnosis.

RESULTS: Average …

Emerging Issues In Adolescent Healthcare : An Urgent Call For Action, Waris Qidwai Dr, Tabinda Ashfaq Ashfaq

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Comprehensive Approach To Obesity, Hypertension, And Mental Health Evaluation, Stefan G. Kiessling, Kimberly K. Mcclanahan, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The global epidemic of childhood and adolescent obesity in developing and developed countries has become a major public health concern. Given the relationship between obesity and hypertension as documented in several landmark studies, it is no surprise that, as the prevalence of obesity has increased in the pediatric population, rates of hypertension have also increased substantially. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and stroke; therefore, evaluation and initiation of appropriate treatment are extremely important in the pediatric population. Evaluation for secondary causes of hypertension, including renovascular, renoparenchymal, and endocrine disease, is the approach most …

A Program To Promote Physical Activity And Healthy Body Weight In An Adolescent Female: A Case Study, Katie Stoddard

Kinesiology and Public Health

A case study of an obese 14-year-old female was conducted to assess her body weight and dietary and physical activity habits. The purpose of this study was to promote weight loss through improved dietary practices and an increase in energy expenditure. This was done by monitoring and altering caloric intake and engaging in regular, vigorous physical activity. Furthermore, the subject increased health-related knowledge, developed new skills, and ultimately attempted behavior modification. From April to September 2009, the subject participated in a minimum of two supervised exercise sessions per week to increase her energy expenditure and to teach her strategies for …

Mental Health Aspects Of An Adolescent Medicine Clinic Patient Population, Abdel Salous, Linah Al-Alem, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The correlation between exposure to forms of violence and development of mental disorders in victims is well established. The purpose of this chapter was to identify mental health problems in an adolescent medicine clinic population in Lexington, KY and to investigate potential correlation of mental disorders with psychosocial factors. Data were gathered from the charts of 169 adolescent clinic patients (age 10-22) seen in the clinic for mental health care and analyzed using Excel. 68% of the patient population was urban, while 32% was rural. In terms of gender, 40% of the patients were male and 60% were female. 80% …

The Vampire Adolescent, Megan White, Hatim A. Omar, Joav Merrick

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Hla-Dpb1 And Dpb2 Are Genetic Loci For Systemic Sclerosis: A Genome-Wide Association Study In Koreans With Replication In North Americans, Xiaodong Zhou, Jong Eun Lee, Frank C Arnett, Momiao Xiong, Min Young Park, Yeon Kyeong Yoo, Eun Soon Shin, John D Reveille, Maureen D Mayes, Jin Hyun Kim, Ran Song, Ji Yong Choi, Ji Ah Park, Yun Jong Lee, Eun Young Lee, Yeong Wook Song, Eun Bong Lee

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To identify systemic sclerosis (SSc) susceptibility loci via a genome-wide association study.

METHODS: A genome-wide association study was performed in 137 patients with SSc and 564 controls from Korea using the Affymetrix Human SNP Array 5.0. After fine-mapping studies, the results were replicated in 1,107 SSc patients and 2,747 controls from a US Caucasian population.

RESULTS: The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3128930, rs7763822, rs7764491, rs3117230, and rs3128965) of HLA-DPB1 and DPB2 on chromosome 6 formed a distinctive peak with log P values for association with SSc susceptibility (P=8.16x10(-13)). Subtyping analysis of HLA-DPB1 showed that DPB1*1301 (P=7.61x10(-8)) and DPB1*0901 (P=2.55x10(-5)) were …

Brazilian Adolescents Infected By Hiv: Epidemiologic Characteristics And Adherence To Treatment, Julia K. C. Machado, Maria J. C. Sant'anna, Veronica Coates, Flavia J. Almeida, Eitan N. Berezin, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Over the last 3 decades since the first AIDS cases appeared, we have witnessed great progress in therapeutic methodologies that have transformed the evolution of the disease from debilitating and fatal, into chronic and controllable. HIV-infected children are arriving at adolescence and bringing specific challenges, not only to themselves, but also to their families and caregivers. This retrospective study sets forth epidemiological and treatment characteristics of 46 HIV-infected adolescents followed in a specialized university service relating said characteristics to therapy adherence assessed through a combination of three indirect methods. Therapy adherence did not reveal any association with either epidemiologic characteristics …

Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale Perfectionism: A Predictor And Partial Mediator Of Acute Treatment Outcome Among Clinically Depressed Adolescents., Rachel H. Jacobs, Susan G. Silva, Mark A. Reinecke, John F. Curry, Golda S. Ginsburg, Christopher J. Kratochvil, John S. March

Journal Articles: Psychiatry

The effect of perfectionism on acute treatment outcomes was explored in a randomized controlled trial of 439 clinically depressed adolescents (12-17 years of age) enrolled in the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) who received cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), fluoxetine, a combination of CBT and FLX, or pill placebo. Measures included the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised, the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Grades 7-9, and the perfectionism subscale from the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS). Predictor results indicate that adolescents with higher versus lower DAS perfectionism scores at baseline, regardless of treatment, continued to demonstrate elevated depression scores across the acute treatment period. …

An Exploratory Analysis Of The Impact Of Family Functioning On Treatment For Depression In Adolescents., Norah C. Feeny, Susan G. Silva, Mark A. Reinecke, Steven Mcnulty, Robert L. Findling, Paul Rohde, John F. Curry, Golda S. Ginsburg, Christopher J. Kratochvil, Sanjeev M. Pathak, Diane E. May, Betsy D. Kennard, Anne D. Simons, Karen C. Wells, Michele Robins, David Rosenberg, John S. March

Journal Articles: Psychiatry

This article explores aspects of family environment and parent-child conflict that may predict or moderate response to acute treatments among depressed adolescents (N = 439) randomly assigned to fluoxetine, cognitive behavioral therapy, their combination, or placebo. Outcomes were Week 12 scores on measures of depression and global impairment. Of 20 candidate variables, one predictor emerged: Across treatments, adolescents with mothers who reported less parent-child conflict were more likely to benefit than their counterparts. When family functioning moderated outcome, adolescents who endorsed more negative environments were more likely to benefit from fluoxetine. Similarly, when moderating effects were seen on cognitive behavioral …

Parent- Versus Child-Reported Functional Health Status After The Fontan Procedure., Linda M. Lambert, L Luann Minich, Jane W. Newburger, Minmin Lu, Victoria L. Pemberton, Ellen A. Mcgrath, Andrew M. Atz, Mingfen Xu, Elizabeth Radojewski, Darlene Servedio, Brian W. Mccrindle, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare perceptions of functional health status between children who had undergone a Fontan procedure and their parents.

METHODS: Fontan procedure survivors 10 to 18 years of age were included in the study if the child completed the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ) and the parent completed the parent form to assess the child's functional health status. Comparisons were made between raw domain scores for the parent- and child-completed CHQs.

RESULTS: Between March 2003 and April 2004, 1078 Fontan survivors were screened. Of the 546 eligible and consented patients, 354 were 10-18 years of age and 328 parent/child …

Chromosomal Anomalies Influence Parental Treatment Decisions In Relation To Prenatally Diagnosed Congenital Heart Disease., Sinai C. Zyblewski, Elizabeth G. Hill, Girish S. Shirali, Andrew Atz, Geoffrey Forbus, Javier Gonzalez, Anthony Hlavacek

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

This study aimed to identify the variables that influence parental treatment decisions after a prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). The authors reviewed all cases of prenatally diagnosed structural CHD from August 1998 to December 2006 at their center. The following variables were studied as potential predictors of parental intent to treat: maternal age, race, insurance status, obstetric history, fetal gender, univentricular versus biventricular cardiac physiology, and fetal chromosomal abnormality. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. In the review, 252 consecutive cases of prenatally diagnosed CHD were identified. Of these, 204 women pursued full medical treatment, whereas …

Treatment Response In Depressed Adolescents With And Without Co-Morbid Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder In The Treatment For Adolescents With Depression Study., Christopher J. Kratochvil, Diane E. May, Susan G. Silva, Vishal Madaan, Susan E. Puumala, John F. Curry, John Walkup, Hayden Kepley, Benedetto Vitiello, John S. March

Journal Articles: Psychiatry

OBJECTIVE: In the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS), fluoxetine (FLX) and the combination of fluoxetine with cognitive-behavioral therapy (COMB) had superior improvement trajectories compared to pill placebo (PBO), whereas cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was not significantly different from PBO. Because attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co-exist, we examined whether ADHD moderated these outcomes in TADS.

METHOD: A total of 439 adolescents with MDD, 12-17 years old, were randomized to FLX, CBT, COMB, or PBO. Random coefficients regression models examined depression improvement in 377 depressed youths without ADHD and 62 with ADHD, including 20 who were …

Sexuality And Persons With Down Syndrome. A Study From Brazil, Bruna Marques Bononi, Maria José Carvalho Sant'anna, André Chao Vasconcellos De Oliveira, Tadeu Silveira Renattini, Carla Franchi Pinto, Maria Lúcia Passarelli, Verônica Coates, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

In recent years, important gains and changes have been observed in the life of teenagers with Down syndrome (DS) with increased inclusion into society. This review will discuss adolescence and sexuality in teenagers with DS from a descriptive study of 50 patients with DS between the ages of 10 and 20 years. The mean age was 13.5 years, 50% females; 86% went to school with 62.2% in school for over six years. Of the patients that attended school, 60% went to special education school and only 10% read and wrote correctly. In an evaluation of autonomy, 66% took showers, 78% …

Comparison Of Echocardiographic And Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measurements Of Functional Single Ventricular Volumes, Mass, And Ejection Fraction (From The Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study)., Renee Margossian, Marcy L. Schwartz, Ashwin Prakash, Lisa Wruck, Steven D. Colan, Andrew M. Atz, Timothy J. Bradley, Mark A. Fogel, Lynne M. Hurwitz, Edward Marcus, Andrew J. Powell, Beth F. Printz, Michael D. Puchalski, Jack Rychik, Girish S. Shirali, Richard Williams, Shi-Joon Yoo, Tal Geva, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Assessment of the size and function of a functional single ventricle (FSV) is a key element in the management of patients after the Fontan procedure. Measurement variability of ventricular mass, volume, and ejection fraction (EF) among observers by echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and their reproducibility among readers in these patients have not been described. From the 546 patients enrolled in the Pediatric Heart Network Fontan Cross-Sectional Study (mean age 11.9 +/- 3.4 years), 100 echocardiograms and 50 CMR studies were assessed for measurement reproducibility; 124 subjects with paired studies were selected for comparison between modalities. Interobserver agreement …