Medical Specialties Commons^™

Regenerating The Injured Adult Heart: A Matter Of Precise Timing And Control?, Rich Gang Li, James F Martin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Macrophage-Mediated Il-6 Signaling Drives Ryanodine Receptor-2 Calcium Leak In Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation, Joshua A Keefe, Yuriana Aguilar-Sanchez, J Alberto Navarro-Garcia, Isabelle Ong, Luge Li, Amelie Paasche, Issam Abu-Taha, Marcel A Tekook, Florian Bruns, Shuai Zhao, Markus Kamler, Ying H Shen, Mihail G Chelu, Na Li, Dobromir Dobrev, Xander Ht Wehrens

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Postoperative atrial fibrillation (poAF) is AF occurring days after surgery, with a prevalence of 33% among patients undergoing open-heart surgery. The degree of postoperative inflammation correlates with poAF risk, but less is known about the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving postoperative atrial arrhythmogenesis. We performed single-cell RNA-seq comparing atrial nonmyocytes from mice with and without poAF, which revealed infiltrating CCR2+ macrophages to be the most altered cell type. Pseudotime trajectory analyses identified Il-6 as a gene of interest driving in macrophages, which we confirmed in pericardial fluid collected from human patients after cardiac surgery. Indeed, macrophage depletion and macrophage-specific Il6ra …

Cdc’S Core Elements To Promote Diagnostic Excellence, Daniel J Morgan, Hardeep Singh, Arjun Srinivasan, Andrea Bradford, L Clifford Mcdonald, Preeta K Kutty

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Nearly a decade after the National Academy of Medicine released the "Improving Diagnosis in Health Care" report, diagnostic errors remain common, often leading to physical, psychological, emotional, and financial harm. Despite a robust body of research on potential solutions and next steps, the translation of these efforts to patient care has been limited. Improvement initiatives are still narrowly focused on selective themes such as diagnostic stewardship, preventing overdiagnosis, and enhancing clinical reasoning without comprehensively addressing vulnerable systems and processes surrounding diagnosis. To close this implementation gap, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released the Core Elements of …

Interventions To Improve Timely Cancer Diagnosis: An Integrative Review, Mark L Graber, Bradford D Winters, Roni Matin, Rosann T Cholankeril, Daniel R Murphy, Hardeep Singh, Andrea Bradford

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cancer will affect more than one in three U.S. residents in their lifetime, and although the diagnosis will be made efficiently in most of these cases, roughly one in five patients will experience a delayed or missed diagnosis. In this integrative review, we focus on missed opportunities in the diagnosis of breast, lung, and colorectal cancer in the ambulatory care environment. From a review of 493 publications, we summarize the current evidence regarding the contributing factors to missed or delayed cancer diagnosis in ambulatory care, as well as evidence to support possible strategies for intervention. Cancer diagnoses are made after …

Author Correction: Disruption Of Neural Periodicity Predicts Clinical Response After Deep Brain Stimulation For Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Nicole R Provenza, Sandesh Reddy, Anthony K Allam, Sameer V Rajesh, Nabeel Diab, Gabriel Reyes, Rose M Caston, Kalman A Katlowitz, Ajay D Gandhi, Raphael A Bechtold, Huy Q Dang, Ricardo A Najera, Nisha Giridharan, Katherine E Kabotyanski, Faiza Momin, Mohammed Hasen, Garrett P Banks, Brian J Mickey, Brent M Kious, Ben Shofty, Benjamin Y Hayden, Jeffrey A Herron, Eric A Storch, Ankit B Patel, Wayne K Goodman, Sameer A Sheth

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Otolaryngology-Assisted Approach For Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion, M Benjamin Larkin, Anthony K Allam, Cyrus B King, N Eddie Liou, Alexander E Ropper

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

First introduced in 1955, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery has seen minimal changes over the years. Its reproducibility, impressive long-term results, and minimal complication rates have established it as one of the most frequently performed cervical spinal fusion surgeries. Yet, postoperative dysphagia remains a concern with a 60% incidence rate. An otolaryngologist's expertise regarding cervical fascial anatomy can inform the spine surgeon's approach to an ACDF to potentially reduce postoperative dysphagia rates. We describe an illustrative case of a 35-year-old woman who presented with 8/10 neck and arm pain along with numbness in her fourth and fifth digits …

Challenges And Opportunities Of Acquiring Cortical Recordings For Chronic Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation, Jeffrey Herron, Aura Kullmann, Timothy Denison, Wayne K Goodman, Aysegul Gunduz, Wolf-Julian Neumann, Nicole R Provenza, Maryam M Shanechi, Sameer A Sheth, Philip A Starr, Alik S Widge

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a proven treatment for movement disorders, also holds promise for the treatment of psychiatric and cognitive conditions. However, for DBS to be clinically effective, it may require DBS technology that can alter or trigger stimulation in response to changes in biomarkers sensed from the patient's brain. A growing body of evidence suggests that such adaptive DBS is feasible, it might achieve clinical effects that are not possible with standard continuous DBS and that some of the best biomarkers are signals from the cerebral cortex. Yet capturing those markers requires the placement of cortex-optimized electrodes in addition …

Metastatic Medulloblastoma Remodels The Local Leptomeningeal Microenvironment To Promote Further Metastatic Colonization And Growth, Namal Abeysundara, Alexandra Rasnitsyn, Vernon Fong, Alexander Bahcheli, Randy Van Ommeren, Kyle Juraschka, Maria Vladoiu, Winnie Ong, Bryn Livingston, Pasqualino De Antonellis, Michelle Ly, Borja López Holgado, Olga Sirbu, Shahrzad Bahrampour, Hyun-Kee Min, Jerry Fan, Carolina Nor, Abhirami Visvanathan, Jiao Zhang, Hao Wang, Lei Qin, Ning Huang, Jonelle Pallotta, Tajana Douglas, Esta Mak, Haipeng Su, Karen Ng, Kevin Yang Zhang, Craig Daniels, Calixto-Hope G Lucas, Charles G Eberhart, Hailong Liu, Tao Jiang, Faiyaz Notta, Vijay Ramaswamy, Jüri Reimand, Marco Gallo, Jeremy N Rich, Xiaochong Wu, Xi Huang, Michael D Taylor

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Leptomeningeal metastases are the major source of morbidity and mortality for patients with medulloblastoma. The biology of the leptomeningeal metastases and the local tumour microenvironment are poorly characterized. Here we show that metastasis-associated meningeal fibroblasts (MB-MAFs) are transcriptionally distinct and signal extensively to tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment. Metastatic cells secrete platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligands into the local microenvironment to chemotactically recruit meningeal fibroblasts. Meningeal fibroblasts are reprogrammed to become MB-MAFs, expressing distinct transcriptomes and secretomes, including bone morphogenetic proteins. Active bone morphogenetic protein signalling and co-implantation of tumour cells with MB-MAFs enhances the colonization of the leptomeninges …

Functional Vision Assessment Over 4 Years In Ush2a Using The Veteran Affairs Low-Vision Visual Functioning Questionnaire, Bela Parekh, Nicholas Peck-Dimit, Jacque L Duncan, Lassana Samarakoon, Maria Fernanda Abalem, Chris A Andrews, Isabelle Audo, Allison R Ayala, Chris Bradley, Janet K Cheetham, Gislin Dagnelie, Todd A Durham, Rachel M Huckfeldt, Gabrielle D Lacy, Brett Malbin, Michel Michaelides, David C Musch, Katarina Stingl, Christina Y Weng, Alex Z Zmejkoski, Michele Melia, K Thiran Jayasundera, Foundation Fighting Blindness Clinical Consortium Investigator Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the Veterans Affairs Low Vision Visual Functioning Questionnaire (VALVVFQ-48) functional vision scores (FVS) in patients with USH2A-associated retinal degeneration. In addition, to correlate the change in the VALVVFQ-48 FVS with the change in visual function (VF) measurements.

Methods: The VALVVFQ-48 was administered verbally to participants ≥18 years of age at baseline, and after 2 and 4 years. Associations among changes in FVS and changes in VF measures were assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficients. Mixed effects regression models with a random intercept were used to estimate annual rates …

Glands Of Moll: History, Current Knowledge And Their Role In Ocular Surface Homeostasis And Disease, Michael Stopfer, Ingrid Zahn, Katharina Jüngert, Gerhard Aumüller, Frans L Moll, Martin Schicht, Helen P Makarenkova, Cintia S De Paiva, Friedrich P Paulsen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Over the last 20 years, research into the Meibomian glands of the eyelids has increased exponentially and is now widely recognized as a field of research. It is all the more astonishing that knowledge about another type of gland in the eyelids, the Moll glands or ciliary glands, has almost stagnated and there has been little to almost no progress, even though this type of gland as a whole takes up a relatively large volume in the upper and lower eyelids. There is not much information about the namesake Moll or the function of the glands although these are listed …

Clerkship Students' Use Of Clinical Reasoning Concepts After A Pre-Clinical Reasoning Course, Shradha A Kulkarni, Gurpreet Dhaliwal, Arianne Teherani, Denise M Connor

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Many medical schools have incorporated clinical reasoning (CR) courses into their pre-clinical curricula to address the quality and safety issue of diagnostic error. It is unknown how students use concepts and practices from pre-clinical CR courses once in clerkships.

Objective: We sought to understand how students utilize CR concepts from a pre-clinical course during clerkships and to identify facilitators and barriers to the use of reasoning concepts.

Design: We used structured interviews to gain insight into medical students' experiences with CR concepts in clerkships.

Participants: We interviewed 16 students who had completed a pre-clinical CR course and subsequently completed …

Antibiotic Prophylaxis With Urodynamic Studies In Spinal Cord Injury: Assessing Practice Patterns And Outcomes To Guide Future Practice In A Single Center, Du Pham, Bradley Chi, Felicia Skelton, Donna Huang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context/objective: Despite urinary tract infections (UTIs) being a common problem in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), and a well-known complication of invasive urologic procedures, little consensus exists regarding the standard of care for peri-procedural antibiotic use for SCI patients undergoing urodynamics studies (UDS). Our research seeks to evaluate local antibiotic prophylaxis pattern in SCI patients undergoing UDS, assess incidence of post-procedural UTI, describe local antibiotic resistance trends, and provide antibiotic stewardship considerations to guide future practice.

Design/setting/participants: Retrospective cohort study of SCI patients undergoing UDS from January 2010 to January 2020 at a Veterans Affairs SCI Center. Data on …

Repeat Ascaris Challenge Reduces Worm Intensity Through Gastric Cellular Reprograming, Yifan Wu, Charlie Suarez-Reyes, Nina L Tang, Alexander R Kneubehl, Jill E Weatherhead

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Ascariasis (roundworm) is the most prevalent parasitic nematode infection worldwide, impacting approximately 500 million people predominantly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While people of all ages are infected with Ascaris, infection intensity (defined by worm burden) paradoxically peaks in pre-school and school-aged children but then declines with age. The cause of age-dependent Ascaris worm intensity is not well understood but may be dependent on cellular changes in mucosal barrier sites. We have previously found that the gastric mucosa is a critical barrier site for Ascaris infection as ingested Ascaris larvae use acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) secreted by gastric chief …

Psychiatric Genetics In The Diverse Landscape Of Latin American Populations, Estela M Bruxel, Diego L Rovaris, Sintia I Belangero, Gabriela Chavarría-Soley, Alfredo B Cuellar-Barboza, José J Martínez-Magaña, Sheila T Nagamatsu, Caroline M Nievergelt, Diana L Núñez-Ríos, Vanessa K Ota, Roseann E Peterson, Laura G Sloofman, Amy M Adams, Elinette Albino, Angel T Alvarado, Diego Andrade-Brito, Paola Y Arguello-Pascualli, Cibele E Bandeira, Claiton H D Bau, Cynthia M Bulik, Joseph D Buxbaum, Carolina Cappi, Nadia S Corral-Frias, Alejo Corrales, Fabiana Corsi-Zuelli, James J Crowley, Renata B Cupertino, Bruna S Da Silva, Suzannah S De Almeida, Juan F De La Hoz, Diego A Forero, Gabriel R Fries, Joel Gelernter, Yeimy González-Giraldo, Eugenio H Grevet, Dorothy E Grice, Adriana Hernández-Garayua, John M Hettema, Agustín Ibáñez, Iuliana Ionita-Laza, Maria Claudia Lattig, Yago C Lima, Yi-Sian Lin, Sandra López-León, Camila M Loureiro, Verónica Martínez-Cerdeño, Gabriela A Martínez-Levy, Kyle Melin, Daniel Moreno-De-Luca, Carolina Muniz Carvalho, Ana Maria Olivares, Victor F Oliveira, Rafaella Ormond, Abraham A Palmer, Alana C Panzenhagen, Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, Qian Peng, Eduardo Pérez-Palma, Miguel L Prieto, Panos Roussos, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Hernando Santamaría-García, Flávio M Shansis, Rachel R Sharp, Eric A Storch, Maria Eduarda A Tavares, Grace E Tietz, Bianca A Torres-Hernández, Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues, Pilar Trelles, Eva M Trujillo-Chivacuan, Maria M Velásquez, Fernando Vera-Urbina, Georgios Voloudakis, Talia Wegman-Ostrosky, Jenny Zhen-Duan, Hang Zhou, Latin American Genomics Consortium, Marcos L Santoro, Humberto Nicolini, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Paola Giusti-Rodríguez, Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Psychiatric disorders are highly heritable and polygenic, influenced by environmental factors and often comorbid. Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) through consortium efforts have identified genetic risk loci and revealed the underlying biology of psychiatric disorders and traits. However, over 85% of psychiatric GWAS participants are of European ancestry, limiting the applicability of these findings to non-European populations. Latin America and the Caribbean, regions marked by diverse genetic admixture, distinct environments and healthcare disparities, remain critically understudied in psychiatric genomics. This threatens access to precision psychiatry, where diversity is crucial for innovation and equity. This Review evaluates the current state and …

Computational And Functional Prioritization Identifies Genes That Rescue Behavior And Reduce Tau Protein In Fly And Human Cell Models Of Alzheimer Disease, Morgan C Stephens, Jiayang Li, Megan Mair, Justin Moore, Katy Zhu, Akash Tarkunde, Bismark Amoh, Alma M Perez, Arya Bhakare, Fangfei Guo, Joshua M Shulman, Ismael Al-Ramahi, Juan Botas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in Alzheimer disease (AD) have uncovered over 70 loci significantly associated with AD risk, but identifying the true causal gene(s) at these loci requires systematic functional validation that is rarely performed due to limitations of time and cost. Here, we integrate transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) with colocalization analysis, fine-mapping, and additional annotation of AD GWAS variants to identify 123 genes at known and suggestive AD risk loci. A comparison with human AD brain transcriptome data confirmed that many of these candidate genes are dysregulated in human AD and correlate with neuropathology. We then tested all available …

Establishing A Peritoneal Dialysis Technique Survival Core Outcome Measure: A Standardised Outcomes In Nephrology-Peritoneal Dialysis Consensus Workshop Report, Emma H Elphick, Karine E Manera, Andrea K Viecelli, Jonathan C Craig, Yeoungjee Cho, Angela Ju, Jenny I Shen, Martin Wilkie, Samaya Anumudu, Neil Boudville, Josephine Sf Chow, Simon J Davies, Patricia Gooden, Tess Harris, Arsh K Jain, Adrian Liew, Andrea Matus-Gonzalez, Noa Amir, Annie-Claire Nadeau-Fredette, Thu Nguyen, Angela Yee-Moon Wang, Daniela Ponce, Rob Quinn, Alison Jaure, David W Johnson, Mark Lambie, Peritoneal Dialysis International

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background

Methods

Results

Tau Depletion Diminishes Vascular Amyloid-Related Deficits In A Mouse Model Of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Nur Jury-Garfe, Enrique Chimal-Juárez, Henika Patel, Jonathan Martinez-Pinto, Kathryn Vanderbosch, Muriel D Mardones, Abigail Perkins, Gonzalo Viana Di Prisco, Yamil Marambio, Ruben Vidal, Brady K Atwood, Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Tau is essential for amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced synaptic and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD), making its downregulation a therapeutic target. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a major vascular contributor to cognitive decline, affects over 90% of patients with AD. This study explores the impact of tau downregulation on CAA pathogenesis.

Methods: We crossed the Familial Danish Dementia mouse model (Tg-FDD), which develops vascular amyloid, with tau-null (mTau-/-) mice to generate a CAA model lacking endogenous tau (Tg-FDD/mTau-/-). Behavioral, electrophysiological, histological, and transcriptomic analyses were performed.

Results: Tau depletion ameliorated motor and synaptic impairments, reduced vascular amyloid deposition, and prevented …

Nanoparticle Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography And Magnetic Resonance Imaging Of Vascularization Of A Subcutaneous Niche For Islet Transplantation, Simone Capuani, Jocelyn Nikita Campa-Carranza, Nathanael Hernandez, Renuka T R Menon, Rohan Bhavane, Gabrielle E Rome, Laxman Devkota, Ketan B Ghaghada, Ananth V Annapragada, Corrine Ying Xuan Chua, Andrew A Badachhape, Alessandro Grattoni

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Revascularization plays a critical role in the successful engraftment of transplanted pancreatic islets, which are inherently rich in capillaries to meet their high metabolic demands. Innovative islet encapsulation strategies such as the NICHE (neovascularized implantable cell homing and encapsulation), generate a prevascularized transplantation site that allows for direct integration of the graft with the systemic circulation. Timing the transplantation is key to maximizing islet engraftment and survival, especially in diabetic individuals, who exhibit impaired wound healing. Therefore, in this study, we explored different methods to assess vascular development within NICHE in vivo in a non-invasive fashion. We effectively tracked neoangiogenesis …

Multidisciplinary Team Care In Plastic Surgery: Vascular Anomalies, Josephine L Schmidt, Vamsi C Mohan, Richard Appel, Tara L Rosenberg, Jessica A Ching

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Vascular anomalies consist of a wide range of diagnoses relating to abnormal vasculature. These lesions can affect a variety of anatomical structures, requiring the expertise of numerous specialists. Over the past few decades, the formation of multidisciplinary vascular anomalies clinics has allowed patients to meet multiple providers within the same clinic visit, leading to improved communication between patients and providers. Furthermore, diagnostic and treatment plans are discussed in multidisciplinary conferences allowing for enhanced diagnostic accuracy and more comprehensive management plans. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the multidisciplinary management of vascular anomalies, including descriptions of …

Reducing Diabetic Ketoacidosis Incidence In Children With Type 1 Diabetes Through Wraparound Services At Texas Children's Hospital: The Reach Program, Selorm Dei-Tutu, Fulfilled Ighalo, Pavandeep Rakhra, Rebecca Butler, Amelia Martinez, Kelly Timmons, Don Buckingham, David D Schwartz, Meghan Craven

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Quality Improvement Success Stories are published by the American Diabetes Association in collaboration with the American College of Physicians and the National Diabetes Education Program. This series is intended to highlight best practices and strategies from programs and clinics that have successfully improved the quality of care for people with diabetes or related conditions. Each article in the series is reviewed and follows a standard format developed by the editors of

The Dialysis Foot- The Impact Of Presenting Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate On Clinical Outcomes In Patients Hospitalized With Diabetic Foot Infections, Arthur Tarricone, Tyler L Coye, Allen Gee, Bijan Najafi, Michael C Siah, Lawrence A Lavery

Center on Aging Staff Publications

To evaluate the association between presenting estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized with diabetic foot infections. This retrospective cohort study included 344 patients with moderate to severe diabetic foot infections. Patients were categorized into three groups based on presenting estimated eGFR: eGFR ≥60 (eGFR >60 mL/min), eGFR 30-60 (eGFR 30-60 mL/min) and eGFR < 30 (eGFR < 30 mL/min). Outcomes assessed included wound healing, time to heal, re-infection, amputation, mortality and re-hospitalization for infection. Compared with patients with eGFR < 30, patients with eGFR ≥60 had significantly lower rates of retinopathy, peripheral arterial disease and use of beta blockers or calcium channel blockers. Glycated haemoglobin levels were inversely related to eGFR, decreasing as eGFR severity increased. Haemoglobin levels were significantly lower, and inflammatory markers (ESR and CRP) were significantly higher in patients with eGFR < 30. There were no significant differences among eGFR groups in rates of wound healing, time to heal, re-infection or amputation. However, mortality increased with decreasing eGFR (1.9% in eGFR ≥60 vs. 3.2% in eGFR 30-60 vs. 8.1% in eGFR < 30; p = 0.04). Similarly, re-hospitalization for infection at a different site also increased with decreasing eGFR (20.5% in eGFR ≥60 vs. 28.1% in eGFR 30-60 vs. 48.4% in eGFR < 30; p <  0.01). In diabetic foot infections, presenting eGFR severity did not affect rates of wound healing, time to heal, re-infection or amputation. However, decreasing eGFR was associated with increased mortality and re-hospitalization for infection at a different site. In this study, presenting eGFR was not a predictive value for wound healing or time until healing, however was associated with rehospitalization and overall mortality this diabetic foot population.

Navigating Transition To Adulthood In Epilepsy Patients: A Multidisciplinary Approach., Yinchen Song, L David Klemens, Hallie Orton, Audrey R. Kennedy, Jana E. Jones, Sucheta Joshi, Meghann Kelly

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The transition from pediatric to adult healthcare systems is a critical yet complex process for individuals with epilepsy, requiring careful attention to both medical and psychosocial aspects. This review highlights best practices and strategies to facilitate effective transitions, focusing on the roles of multidisciplinary teams, communication strategies, shared decision-making, and transition readiness assessment. Key topics include early and ongoing communication, promoting patient autonomy, addressing mental health comorbidities, and implementing transition readiness assessments such as the Epilepsy Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (EpiTRAQ). Additionally, the review evaluates models for transition clinics, emphasizing the importance of sustainability, collaboration, and tailored interventions. By leveraging …

Enterovirus D68-Associated Respiratory Illness In Children., Benjamin R. Clopper, Adriana S. Lopez, Leah A. Goldstein, Terry Fei Fan Ng, Ariana P. Toepfer, Mary A. Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Leila C. Sahni, Julie A. Boom, Jennifer E. Schuster, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Natasha B. Halasa, Laura S. Stewart, John V. Williams, Marian G. Michaels, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, Eileen J. Klein, Janet A. Englund, Meredith L. Mcmorrow, Heidi L. Moline, Claire M. Midgley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) typically causes mild to severe acute respiratory illness (ARI). Testing and surveillance for EV-D68 in the US are limited, and important epidemiologic gaps remain.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the epidemiology and clinical severity of EV-D68 among US children seeking care for ARI from 2017 to 2022, using a multisite, active, systematic surveillance network.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study collected data from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network, an active, prospective, population-based surveillance system of emergency departments (EDs) and hospitals at 7 US academic medical centers. Children with ARI and EV-D68-positive results were enrolled during platform-wide EV-D68 …

A Scoping Review Of Sexual And Reproductive Health Interventions With Youth In U.S. Juvenile Facilities., April Mcneill-Johnson, Jason Glenn, Nekia Ivory Daniel, Mira Menon, Basil H. Aboul-Enein, Patricia J. Kelly, Megha Ramaswamy

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Youth placed in U.S. juvenile detention facilities face multilevel barriers that contribute to disparate sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes when compared to their peers in the general adolescent population. Minimal information is available about evidence-based interventions that have been effective in changing these outcomes. The aim of this scoping review was to focus on the current state of SRH and identify recommendations for SRH care. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for scoping reviews guidelines, we searched electronic databases for publications published through March 2024. The search terms were designed to find intervention studies focusing …

Changes In Adequacy Of Splanchnic Oxygen Delivery And Splanchnic Artery Doppler After Bolus Feedings In Infants: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Rohit S. Loomba, Saloni P. Sheth, Joshua Wong, Megan Davis, Juan S. Farias, Enrique G. Villarreal, Saul Flores

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Current practice regarding timing of feed initiation and feed tolerance largely relies on anecdotal practice and protocols. This study aims to provide an objective measure to guide clinical practice by analyzing changes in splanchnic regional oxygen saturation and Doppler patterns with feeds.

METHODS: A systematic review was performed. Inclusion criteria were: 1) patients under 1 year of age; 2) splanchnic regional oxygen saturation with near infrared spectroscopy before and after feeds or mesenteric Doppler findings before and after feeds; and 3) clinical parameters must have been presented as either mean and standard deviation or median and range. Endpoints of …

Addressing Structural Violence In School Policies: A Call To Protect Children's Safety And Well-Being., Daniela Brissett, Jacquelin Rankine, Lisa Mihaly, Romina Barral, Maria Veronica Svetaz, Alison Culyba, Marissa Raymond-Flesch

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Accuracy Of Race And Ethnicity Data In The Pediatric Electronic Health Record: A Concordance And System Adequacy Study, John Cowden, Rachel Drake, Jessi Johnson, Kataina Kelty, Mehwish Ahmed

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction: Conventional race and ethnicity categories and analysis are reductive and prone to inaccuracy. Because race and ethnicity data validity is essential to health equity efforts, we measured the accuracy of race and ethnicity data in a pediatric electronic health record (EHR) to identify areas for improvement in data collection and use. Methods: Patients and their caregivers reported patient race and ethnicity via in-person survey in four pediatric settings (inpatient, emergency room, urgent care, and primary care). Race and ethnicity data from the EHR were compared with survey data to calculate four measures of EHR data accuracy. The U.S. Census …

Phenotypic Spectrum Of Gna11 R183c Mosaicism., Donglin Zhang, Luis Fernando Sánchez-Espino, Marta Ivars, Elena Pope, Amy J. Nopper, Lisa M. Arkin, Megha M. Tollefson, Cinzia E. Lavarino, Maya Muldowney, Nagore Gené Olaciregui, Sonia Paco, Beth A. Drolet, Eulàlia Baselga

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Many vascular anomalies harbor postzygotic somatic variants in GNAQ and GNA11; however, the phenotype of specific G-protein variants has not been well described. We report the clinical characteristics of 17 patients with a GNA11 R183C variant.

METHODS: This case series is derived from a multinational cohort of vascular anomaly patients whose pathogenic mutations were identified using high-depth next generation sequencing. Data include vascular anomaly features, imaging reports, and extracutaneous manifestations of the GNA11 R183C variant.

RESULTS: We identified 17 subjects (median age 18 years [range 6-67]) with somatic GNA11 R183C variant. All patients had vascular lesions of the skin …

The Effects Of Odevixibat In People With Alagille Syndrome: A Plain Language Summary, Nadia Ovchinsky, Madeleine Aumar, Alastair Baker, Philip Bufler, Mara Cananzi, Piotr Czubkowski, Ryan T. Fischer, Giuseppe Indolfi, Wikrom Karnsakul, Florence Lacaille, Way S. Lee, Philip Rosenthal, Etienne Sokal, Henkjan J. Verkade, Andrew Wehrman, Cher Bork, Roberta Smith, Jessica Ruvido, Alexander Artyomenko, Christof Maucksch, Ekkehard Sturm

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

This is a summary describing a phase 3 clinical trial, called ‘ASSERT’, which studied the medicine odevixibat in people with Alagille syndrome.

Alagille syndrome is a rare disease that can affect different parts of the body, but mainly affects how well the liver works. Symptoms usually start at a young age, but the age of first symptoms and seriousness of the disease can vary, and the disease can affect both children and adults. People who have Alagille syndrome may have a build-up of bile acids in the liver and this can lead to organ damage. People with Alagille syndrome …

Trajectories Of Attention Problems In Preschoolers Born Very Preterm., Marie Camerota, Francisco Xavier Castellanos, Brian S. Carter, Jennifer Check, Jennifer Helderman, Julie A. Hofheimer, Elisabeth C. Mcgowan, Charles R. Neal, Steven L. Pastyrnak, Lynne M. Smith, Thomas Michael O'Shea, Carmen J. Marsit, Barry M. Lester

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Children born preterm are at heightened risk for neurodevelopmental impairment, including specific deficits in attention. Few studies have investigated change over time in attention problems prior to school entry. The current study aims to describe trajectories of attention problems from age 2 through 5 years in a cohort of children born(GA), identify sociodemographic, medical, and neurobehavioral characteristics associated with attention trajectories, and test whether attention problem trajectories predict the risk of a reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis.

METHODS: We studied 608 infants from the Neonatal Neurobehavior and Outcomes in Very Preterm Infants (NOVI) Study, a prospective, multisite study of …