Medical Specialties Commons^™

Improving Awareness And Identifying Risks For Emergence Delirium In Military Veterans, Hannah E. Pino

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Emergence delirium (ED) is an acute state of confusion during the recovery phase from anesthesia that may be life-threatening, especially in the veteran population. Military veteran status may be explored by the Have You Ever Served questionnaire that was developed by the American Academy of Nursing to identify veterans upon admission to the hospital and thus be able to better care for them during their stay. This campaign has been in effect at the hospital site of this project for nearly 10 years. The questionnaire identifies military history risk factors such as combat history or a diagnosis of post-traumatic …

Dna Methylation In Aging And Alzheimer's Disease, Raymond Cheng, Jingmin Shu, Hai Chen, Ming Li, Xiaodong Cheng, Li Liu

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

DNA methylation undergoes significant changes with age. These alterations play a pivotal role in the development of age-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent advancements in DNA methylome profiling have revealed global hypomethylation patterns, particularly within repetitive elements, as well as gene-specific changes that are associated with neurodegeneration. Age-related alterations in DNA methylation have been implicated in the disruption of key cellular processes, such as inflammation and proteostasis, both central to AD pathology. However, several challenges persist in this field. One major issue is the inconsistency of findings across different brain regions and tissue types, which complicates result interpretation. Furthermore, …

Uterine Rupture In The First Trimester: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Steve Mutiso, Felix Oindi, Debbie Mundia

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Uterine rupture is a rare complication that can occur in the frst trimester of pregnancy. It can lead to serious maternal morbidity or mortality, which is mostly due to catastrophic bleeding. First trimester uterine rupture is rare; hence, diagnosis can be challenging as it may be confused with other causes of early pregnancy bleeding such as an ectopic pregnancy. We present a case of frst trimester scar dehiscence and conduct a literature review of this rare condition.

Case presentation: A 39-year-old African patient with four previous hysterotomy scars presented with severe lower abdominal pain at 11 weeks of gestation. …

Evaluation Of Potential Biomarkers For Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab Among Patients With Advanced Endometrial Cancer: Results From Study 111/Keynote-146, Vicky Makker, Matthew H. Taylor, Carol Aghajanian, Allen L. Cohn, Marcia S. Brose, Christopher Di Simone, Zhu Alexander Cao, Leah Suttner, Andrey Loboda, Razvan Cristescu, Petar Jelinic, Robert Orlowski, Lea Dutta, Junji Matsui, Corina E. Dutcus, Yukinori Minoshima, Mark J. Messing

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Background Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab demonstrated clinically meaningful benefit in patients with previously treated advanced endometrial carcinoma in Study 111/KEYNOTE-146 (NCT02501096). In these exploratory analyses from this study, we evaluated the associations between clinical outcomes and gene expression signature scores and descriptively summarized response in biomarker subpopulations defined by tumor mutational burden (TMB) and DNA variants for individual genes of interest.

Methods Patients with histologically confirmed metastatic endometrial carcinoma received oral lenvatinib 20 mg once daily plus intravenous pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks for 35 cycles. Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue was obtained from all patients. T-cell–inflamed gene expression …

Regulatory Approval Of Clinical Trials: Is It Time To Reinvent The Wheel?, Mansoor Saleh, Karishma Sharma, Aisleen Shamshudin, Innocent Abayo, Stacey Gondi, Noureen Karimi

Haematology and Oncology, East Africa

Less than 1% of all clinical trials are conducted in Africa. In 2019, only six of 26 oncology clinical trials conducted in Africa were conducted in countries with subjects of African ancestry. There are multiple barriers that hinder the conduct of cancer clinical trials in Africa. Time to trial activation (TTA) is the administrative and regulatory process required before a study can be activated—an important metric and often a major barrier for site selection. In Kenya, TTA involves review by Institutional Review Board (IRB), Pharmacy and Poisons Board, National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation and Ministry of Health, all …

Does Serum Uric Acid To Creatinine Ratio Predict Mortality Risk In Patients With Heart Failure, Xiaoqing Xi, Jinfeng Cai, Chen Zhang, Xuefei Wang

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have established a positive correlation between serum uric acid to creatinine (SUA/Cr) ratio and cardiovascular disease, but the relationship between SUA/Cr ratio and the prognosis of heart failure (HF) remains unknown. This study investigated the potential of SUA/Cr ratio as a prognostic predictor for patients with HF.

METHODS: This single-center prospective cohort study enrolled 2,122 patients with HF between March 2013 and June 2017. All patients were divided into 3 groups according to SUA/Cr ratio tertiles and were followed up with until December 31, 2022. The association between SUA/Cr ratio and the prognosis of HF was assessed …

Use Of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation-Facilitated Large-Bore Catheter Embolectomy In The Treatment Of Acute Pulmonary Embolism Complicated By Shock, Hugh A Glazier, Amir Kaki

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

This article reports the case of a 42-year-old man who presented with a saddle pulmonary embolus complicated by normotensive cardiogenic shock. The patient was first stabilized with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Then, while the patient was still on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, thrombectomy with a large-bore catheter device was performed that resulted in a large decrease in pulmonary artery pressures and a clinically significant increase in cardiac index, with rapid clinical improvement. Complete recovery of the patient's cardiopulmonary status has been maintained at intermediate-term follow-up. This treatment strategy should be considered favorably in the treatment of patients presenting with pulmonary embolism …

Harnessing Speech-Derived Digital Biomarkers To Detect And Quantify Cognitive Decline Severity In Older Adults, Gozde Cay, Valeria A Pfeifer, Myeounggon Lee, Mohammad Dehghan Rouzi, Adonay S Nunes, Nesreen El-Refaei, Anmol Salim Momin, Md Moin Uddin Atique, Matthias R Mehl, Ashkan Vaziri, Bijan Najafi

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Introduction: Current cognitive assessments suffer from floor/ceiling and practice effects, poor psychometric performance in mild cases, and repeated assessment effects. This study explores the use of digital speech analysis as an alternative tool for determining cognitive impairment. The study specifically focuses on identifying the digital speech biomarkers associated with cognitive impairment and its severity.

Methods: We recruited older adults with varying cognitive health. Their speech data, recorded via a wearable microphone during the reading aloud of a standard passage, were processed to derive digital biomarkers such as timing, pitch, and loudness. Cohen's d effect size highlighted group differences, and correlations …

Assessing The Acceptability And Effectiveness Of A Novel Therapeutic Footwear In Reducing Foot Pain And Improving Function Among Older Adults: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial, M G Finco, Abderrahman Ouattas, Nesreen El-Refaei, Anmol Salim Momin, Mehrnaz Azarian, Bijan Najafi

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Introduction: Nearly, a quarter of older adults suffer from frequent foot pain, impacting their quality of life. While proper footwear can alleviate this, design issues often hinder regular use. This study evaluated novel therapeutic footwear, designed for aesthetics and custom fit, to reduce foot pain. We hypothesized that older adults would experience less foot pain and favor the new footwear over their own.

Methods: This 12-week crossover randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of OrthoFeet therapeutic footwear on reducing foot pain in older adults (n = 50, age = 65 ± 5, 18% male) with moderate to severe pain. Participants …

Tfeb-Vacuolar Atpase Signaling Regulates Lysosomal Function And Microglial Activation In Tauopathy, Baiping Wang, Heidi Martini-Stoica, Chuangye Qi, Tzu-Chiao Lu, Shuo Wang, Wen Xiong, Yanyan Qi, Yin Xu, Marco Sardiello, Hongjie Li, Hui Zheng

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Transcription factor EB (TFEB) mediates gene expression through binding to the coordinated lysosome expression and regulation (CLEAR) sequence. TFEB targets include subunits of the vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase), which are essential for lysosome acidification. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing of wild-type and PS19 (Tau) transgenic mice expressing the P301S mutant tau identified three unique microglia subclusters in Tau mice that were associated with heightened lysosome and immune pathway genes. To explore the lysosome-immune relationship, we specifically disrupted the TFEB-v-ATPase signaling by creating a knock-in mouse line in which the CLEAR sequence of one of the v-ATPase subunits, Atp6v1h, was mutated. CLEAR mutant exhibited …

2024 Canadian Surgery Forum: Sept. 25-28, 2024., Christine Li, Michael Guo, Ahmer Karimuddin, Michael Guo, Christine Li, Ahmer Karimuddin, Jason Sutherland, Bright Huo, Tyler Mckechnie, Monica Ortenzi, Yung Lee, Stavros Antoniou, Julio Mayol, Hassaan Ahmed, Vanessa Boudreau, Karim Ramji, Cagla Eskicioglu, Pieter De Jager, David Urbach, Meredith Poole, Aghiles Abbad, Hussain Al-Shamali, Zainab Al-Faraj, Chuck Wen, Radu Pescarus, Robert Bechara, Dennis Hong, Lily J Park, Maura Marcucci, Sandra Ofori, Jessica Bogach, Pablo E Serrano, Marko Simunovic, Ilun Yang, Margherita Cadeddu, Michael J Marcaccio, Flavia K Borges, Rahima Nenshi, P J Devereaux, Peter Urbanellis, Joanne Douglas, Evan Nemeth, James Ellsmere, Richard Spence, Joshua Cunningham, Ryan Falk, Tom Skinner, Nicole Ebert, Lauren Galbraith, Mark Prins, Shahrzad Joharifard, Emilie Joos, Adele Orovec, Lynn Lethbridge, Richard Spence, Marius Hoogerboord, Heather Stuart, Anne-Marie Bergeron, Ilun Yang, Jessica Bogach, Laura Nguyen, Clare Reade, Lua Eiriksson, Michelle Morais, Gillian Hanley, Sarah Mah, Karanbir Brar, Keri A Seymour, Shaina R Eckhouse, Ranjan Sudan, Jacob A Greenberg, Dana Portenier, James J Jung, Anne Light, Brittany Dingley, Megan Delisle, Sameer Apte, Ranjeeta Mallick, Trevor Hamilton, Heather Stuart, Martha Talbot, Gregory Mckinnon, Evan Jost, Eve Thiboutot, Carolyn Nessim, Neha Katote, Ashley Drohan, Richard Spence, Katerina Neumann, Ge Shi, Regina Leung, Christina Lim, Matthew Van Oirschot, Aaron Grant, Sarah Knowles, Julie Ann Van Koughnett, Karine Brousseau, Leah Monette, Daniel Mcisaac, Christopher Wherrett, Ranjeeta Mallick, Aklile Workneh, Tim Ramsay, Alan Tinmouth, Julie Shaw, François Martin Carrier, Dean Fergusson, Guillaume Martel, Matthew Cornacchia, Victoria Ivankovic, Shahad Abdulkhaleq Mamalchi, Dexter Choi, Peter Glen, Maher Matar, Fady Balaa, Natasha Caminsky, Sarah Mashal, Nathalie Boulanger, Larry Watt, Jonathon Campbell, Jeremy Grushka, Paola Fata, Evan Wong, Michael Guo, Ahmer Karimuddin, Jason Sutherland, Christine Li, Wenjie Lin, Ahmer Karimuddin, Bright Huo, Elisa Calabrese, Sunjay Kumar, Bethany Slater, Danielle S Walsh, Wesley Vosburg, Uzair Jogiat, Simon Turner, Vickie Baracos, Dean Eurich, Heather Filafilo, Eric Bedard, Sam Khan, Tom Waddell, Kazuhiro Yasufuku, Andrew Pierre, Shaf Keshavjee, Elliot Wakeam, Laura Donahoe, Marcelo Cypel, Najib Safieddine, Michael Ko, Natasha Leighl, Jamie Feng, Jonathan Yeung, Marc De Perrot, Alexandra Salvarrey, Negar Ahmadi, Carmine Simone, Gazala Sayf, David Parente, Victoria Cheung, Mary R Rabey, Michael Cabanero, Lisa W Le, Christodoulos Pipinikas, Amber Chevalier, Richard Chaulk, David Sahai, Richard Malthaner, Mehdi Qiabi, Dalilah Fortin, Richard Inculet, Rahul Nayak, John Campbell, Peter White, Adam Bograd, Alexander Farivar, Brian Louie, Geraint Berger, Daniel French, Simon Houston, Flyn Gallardo, Bryce Macek, Richard Liu, Biniam Kidane, Nader M Hanna, Yogita S Patel, Ikennah Browne, Esther Provost, Forough Farrokhyar, Ehsan Haider, Waël C Hanna, Garrett Johnson, George Okoli, Nicole Askin, Ahmed Abou-Setta, Harminder Singh, Alexandra Coxon-Meggy, Julie Cornish, Lars Icat Study Management Group, Sahil Sharma, Jigish Khamar, Jo-Anne Petropolous, Amandeep Ghuman, Wenjie Lin, Christine Li, Carl Brown, Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Amandeep Ghuman, Elizabeth Clement, Ahmer Karimuddin, Tyler Mckechnie, Jigish Khamar, Christopher Chu, Amin Hatamnejad, Ghazal Jessani, Yung Lee, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Giancarlo Sticca, Madeleine Poirier, Jean-François Tremblay, Jean-François Latulippe, Yves Bendavid, Jean-Sébastien Trépanier, Ariane Lacaille-Ranger, Margaret Henri, Tyler Mckechnie, Tania Kazi, Victoria Shi, Shan Grewal, Ahmed Aldarraji, Kelly Brennan, Sunil Patel, Nalin Amin, Aristithes Doumouras, Sameer Parpia, Cagla Eskicioglu, Mohit Bhandari, Gaurav Talwar, Tyler Mckechnie, Jigish Khamar, Luke Heimann, Swati Anant, Cagla Eskicioglu, Victoria Shi, Tyler Mckechnie, Swati Anant, Moeiz Ahmed, Sahil Sharma, Gaurav Talwar, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Tania Kazi, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Rehab Alsayari, Gaurav Talwar, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Lily J Park, Husein Moloo, Tim Ramsay, Kednapa Thavorn, Justin Presseau, Terry Zwiep, Guillaume Martel, P J Devereaux, Robert Talarico, Daniel I Mcisaac, Madeline Lemke, Wenjie Lin, Carl Brown, Elizabeth Clement, Anu Ghuman, Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Ahmer Karimuddin, Christine Li, Wenjie Lin, Elizabeth Clement, Amandeep Ghuman, Cameron Hague, Ahmer Karimuddin, P Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Pari Tiwari, Patrick Vos, Carl Brown, Alessandro Ricci, Ameer Farooq, Sunil Patel, Kelly Brennan, Vanessa Wiseman, Tyler Mckechnie, Allison Keeping, Paul Johnson, Heidi Bentley, Karim Messak, Jessica Bogach, Gregory Pond, Shawn Forbes, Vanja Grubac, Scott Tsai, Christian Van Der Pol, Marko Simunovic, Adom Bondzi-Simpson, Ramy Behman, Tiago Ribeiro, Sheron Perera, Aisha Lofters, Rinku Sutradhar, Rebecca Snyder, Callisia Clarke, Natalie Coburn, Julie Hallet, Natasha Caminsky, Alex Chen, Jeongyoon Moon, Paul Brassard, Daniel Marinescu, Teodora Dumitra, Ebram Salama, Carol-Ann Vasilevsky, Marylise Boutros, Kelly Brennan, Tyler Mckechnie, Vanessa Wiseman, Alessandro Ricci, Ameer Farooq, Sunil Patel, Tania Kazi, Tyler Mckechnie, Ghazal Jessani, Victoria Shi, Niv Sne, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Manisha Jogendran, Jennifer Flemming, Maya Djerboua, Martin Korzeniowski, Brooke Wilson, Shaila Merchant, Sean Bennett, Kala Hickey, Stephanie Gill, Zoë Breen, Kaitlyn Harding, Hannah Yaremko, Patti Power, Alex Mathieson, David Pace, Joannie Neveu, Sean Bennett, Brooke Wilson, Nan Chen, Weidong Kong, Sunil Patel, Christopher Booth, Shaila Merchant, Sean Bennett, Georgia Nelson, Nouf Almarzooqi, Manisha Jogendran, Maya Djerboua, Brooke Wilson, Jennifer Flemming, Shaila Merchant, Lily J Park, Carol Wang, Vicki Archer, Tyler Mckechnie, Dan Cohen, Jessica Bogach, Marko Simunovic, Pablo E Serrano, Rodney H Breau, Paul Karanicolas, P J Devereaux, Georgia Nelson, Nouf Almarzooqi, Shaila Merchant, Sean Bennett, Janyssa Charbonneau, Mai-Kim Gervais, Alexandre Brind'amour, Narcisse Singbo, Mikaël Lefebvre Soucisse, Lucas Sidéris, Guy Leblanc, Jean-François Tremblay, Pierre Dubé, Ekaterina Kouzmina, Matthew Castelo, Nicole Look Hong, Julie Hallet, Natalie Coburn, Frances Write, Lena Nguyen, Sonal Gandhi, Katarzyna Jerzak, Andrea Eisen, Amanda Roberts, Dejan Vidovic, Brianne Cruickshank, Lucy Helyer, Carman Giacomantonio, Zuhaib Mir, Matheus Faleiro, Stephanie Hiebert, Scott Livingstone, Mark Walsh, Boris Gala-Lopez, Sukhdeep Jatana, Daniel Krys, Uzair Jogiat, Janice Kung, Kevin Verhoeff, Tori Lenet, François Martin Carrier, Karine Brousseau, Franck Vandenbroucke-Menu, Yves Collin, Richard W D Gilbert, Maja Segedi, Jad Abou Khalil, Kimberly A Bertens, Fady Balaa, Dean A Fergusson, Guillaume Martel, Christopher Wherrett, Katlin Mallette, Leah Monette, Aklile Workneh, Monique Ruel, Elham Sabri, Heather Maddison, Melanie Tokessym, Patrick B Y Wong, Luc Massicotte, Michaël Chassé, Michel-Antoine Perrault, Élodie Hamel-Perreault, Jeieung Park, Shirley Lim, Véronique Maltais, Philemon Leung, Timothy Ramsay, Alan Tinmouth, Zofia Czarnecka, Nidheesh Dadheeech, Rena Pawlick, Haide Razavy, James Shapiro, Panthea Pouramin, Susan Allen, Boris Gala-Lopez, Nawal Amhis, Rachel Liu Hennessey, Yuwei Yang, Rochelle Guan, Yolanda Zhang, Adam Meneghetti, Chieh Chiu, Dhuvaraha Srikrishnaraj, Jeffrey Hawel, Christopher Schlachta, Ahmad Elnahas, Ayse Yilbas, Marguerite Mainprize, Anton Svendrovski, Christoph Paasch, Fernando Spencer Netto, Jigish Khamar, Tyler Mckechnie, Amin Hatamnejad, Yung Lee, Bright Huo, Edward Passos, Niv Sne, Cagla Eskicioglu, Dennis Hong, Sean Bennett, Jennifer Flemming, Maya Djerboua, Vanessa Wiseman, Jonah Moore, Peter Szasz, Sulaiman Nanji, Jonah Moore, Vanessa Wiseman, Peter Szasz, Isis Lunsky, Sulaiman Nanji, Jennifer A Flemming, Sean Bennett, Sandra Mckeown, Omar Mouhammed, Colton Gibb, Kevin Verhoeff, Michael Kim, Matt Strickland, Ram Anantha, Ilinca Georgescu, Yung Lee, Thomas Shin, Lea Tessier, Arshia Javidan, James Jung, Dennis Hong, Tyler Mckechnie, Andrew Strong, Matthew Kroh, Jerry Dang, Muhammad Faran, Tyler Mckechnie, Emma O'Callaghan, Sama Anvari, Taylor Hughes, Mark Crowther, Mehran Anvari, Aristithes Doumouras, Amin Andalib, Ali Safar, Philippe Bouchard, Sebastian Demyttenaere, Olivier Court, Simran Parmar, Brianna Brand, Noah Switzer, Richdeep Gil, Sunawer Aujla, Morgan Schellenberg, Natthida Owattanapanich, Brent Emigh, Jan-Michael Van Gent, Tanya Egodage, Patrick B Murphy, Chad Ball, Audrey L Spencer, Kelly N Vogt, Jessica A Keeley, Stephanie Doris, Kenji Inaba, Jordan Nantais, Nancy Baxter, Refik Saskin, Andrew Calzavara, David Gomez, Alex Le, Philip Dawe, Morad Hameed, Amir Hassanpour, Eran Shlomovitz, David Gomez, Eisar Al-Sukhni, Vanessa Wiseman, Sunil Patel, Sean Bennett, Zuhaib Mir, Stephanie Roberts, Harvey Hawes, Khalil Merali, Rachel Morris, Marc De Moya, Todd Neideen, Andrew Kastenmeier, Lewis Somberg, Dan Holena, Patrick Murphy, Jordan Nantais, Nancy Baxter, Refik Saskin, Andrew Calzavara, David Gomez, Asad Naveed, Umang Deshpande, David Gomez, Joao Rezende-Neto, Najma Ahmed, Andrew Beckett

Surgery Articles

No abstract provided.

Association Of Cancer Diagnosis With Disability Status Among Older Survivors Of Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study, Shiming Zhang, Lin-Na Chou, Michael D Swartz, Hemalkumar B Mehta, James S Goodwin, Yong-Fang Kuo, Sharon Hermes Giordano, Carole A Tucker, Karen M Basen-Engquist, Elizabeth J Lyons, Brian Downer, Susan K Peterson, Tru Cao, Maria C Swartz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Older cancer survivors likely experience physical function limitations due to cancer and its treatments, leading to disability and early mortality. Existing studies have focused on factors associated with surgical complications and mortality risk rather than factors associated with the development of poor disability status (DS), a proxy measure of poor performance status, in cancer survivors. We aimed to identify factors associated with the development of poor DS among older survivors of colorectal cancer (CRC) and compare poor DS rates to an age-sex-matched, non-cancer cohort.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized administrative data from the Texas Cancer Registry Medicare-linked database. …

Developing A National Implementation Strategy To Accelerate Uptake Of Evidence-Based Family Caregiver Support In Us Cancer Centers, J Nicholas Odom, Heather M Young, Katherine Sterba, Timothy S Sannes, Susan Reinhard, Chandylen L Nightingale, Diane Meier, Tamryn F Gray, Betty Ferrell, Maria E Fernandez, Heidi Donovan, Kayleigh Curry, Erin R Currie, Tara Bryant, Marie A Bakitas, Allison J Applebaum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Characterize key factors and training needs of U.S. cancer centers in implementing family caregiver support services.

METHODS: Sequential explanatory mixed methods design consisting of: (1) a national survey of clinicians and administrators from Commission-on-Cancer-accredited cancer centers (N = 238) on factors and training needed for establishing new caregiver programs and (2) qualitative interviews with a subsample of survey respondents (N = 30) to elicit feedback on survey findings and the outline of an implementation strategy to facilitate implementation of evidence-based family caregiver support (the Caregiver Support Accelerator). Survey data was tabulated using descriptive statistics and transcribed interviews were analyzed …

A Randomized Controlled Study Of Auricular Point Acupressure To Manage Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathy: Study Protocol, Nada Lukkahatai, Michael V Nguyen, Jingyu Zhang, Yu-Min Cho, Chitchanok Benjasirisan, Heijingzi Monica Jia, Claudia M Campbell, Jennifer Kawi, Hulin Wu, Hongyu Wang, Rupsikha Bora, Johannes Thrul, Constance M Johnson, Thomas J Smith

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy (CIN) significantly impacts cancer patients, leading to functional disability, diminished quality of life, and increased healthcare costs amid the ongoing opioid crisis. Auricular point acupressure (APA), a non-invasive and non-pharmacological alternative, has shown potential for alleviating the pain, numbness, and tingling associated with CIN. This study aims to assess the efficacy of APA for CIN symptoms and physical function and to examine the mechanisms underlying APA's effects on CIN.

Methods: This is a three-arm randomized controlled clinical trial protocol. Patients aged 18 and older who are experiencing CIN are randomly assigned to one of the three groups: …

Traumatic Tricuspid Regurgitation And Right Coronary Artery Dissection, Kan Chung Yan Joyce, Wong Chun Kit Martin

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Traumatic tricuspid valve regurgitation and coronary artery dissection are rare complications of blunt chest trauma. We report a case of acute severe traumatic tricuspid valve regurgitation and right coronary artery dissection in a young male patient with unremarkable medical history after a road traffic accident.

Acute Brachial Artery Occlusion Following Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: Case Report, Abenezer Melaku Tafese, Amanuel Yegnanew Adela, Assefa Getachew Kebede, Aklilu Sinte Tegegn, Elsabeth Tizazu Asare, Munir Awol

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Thromboembolism is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in cancer patients. While the link between cancer and venous thrombosis is well known, the recognition of arterial thrombosis as a serious complication of cancer and chemotherapeutic agents is a recent development. One of the chemotherapy agents frequently linked to acute vascular events is cisplatin. We discuss a rare case of cisplatin-related brachial arterial thrombosis in a 50-year-old man who was treated for cholangiocarcinoma with cisplatin and gemcitabine. Although rare, cisplatin-related arterial thrombosis demands careful monitoring, a high index of suspicion, and prompt management to prevent serious complications and mortality.

Improving Patient Self-Advocacy And Communication With Providers Through Diabetes Self-Management Education: Analyses From A Randomized Controlled Trial, Brenna Owens Kirk

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: West Virginia (WV), a rural state in Appalachia, has the highest type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence in the United States. Open communication in the patient-provider relationship is an integral part of comprehensive chronic disease management. This is especially true for patients living with T2DM, a disease that requires many complex, daily self-management activities and is associated with increased emotional distress. However, patients living with T2DM are often reluctant to openly share their concerns regarding self-care with their provider. This study aimed to test the effectiveness of the Diabetes and Hypertension Self-Management Program (DHSMP), a 12-week group lifestyle …

Translational Approaches To Address The Metastatic/Resistant (Mr) Phenotype Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Brain Metastases, Kent L. Marshall

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Lung cancer remains the most frequently diagnosed malignant neoplasm shared in men and women worldwide, second only to the sexually dimorphic prostate cancer in men and breast cancer in women. Overall, lung cancer was responsible for 12.5% of new cancer cases globally in the year 2022. Of these cases, 80-85% are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a highly genotypically diverse sub-type of lung cancer. Over the past three decades, extraordinary improvement in screening, smoking cessation, early diagnosis and targeted therapy have been made, improving NSCLC survival markedly. However, as patients are surviving their primary disease better, there is a temporal …

Evaluating The Efficacy Of The Archaeal Proteasome To Alleviate Protein-Misfolding Retinopathy, Celine Brooks

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nearly all neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and some eye diseases are characterized by the presence of misfolded and aggregated proteins. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is responsible for degrading the majority of proteins including misfolded and aggregated proteins. However, in NDs the performance of the UPS is impaired, and this impairment partially comes from these protein aggregates inhibiting the proteasome. This inhibition leads to an accumulation of protein aggregates, more proteasomal inhibition, and fewer chaperones for newly synthesized proteins, triggering a collapse in proteostasis, which is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of NDs. Consequently, stimulating proteasome function is being investigated …

Phenytoin-Induced Cerebellar Atrophy: A Case For Reversibility Of Neurological Decline., Edwin Mogere, Davis Cheruiyot, Nassiuma Manakhe

General Surgery, East Africa

This case serves as a reminder of the infrequent, yet consequential occurrence of cerebellar degeneration linked to phenytoin usage. Whilst emphasizes the importance of monitoring patients on long-term phenytoin therapy, and it further suggests considering employing bedside imaging tools such as Ultrasound fusion imaging for follow-up of patients at risk of this type of disorder. We present a case study involving a 23-year-old woman who experienced significant neurological impairment resulting in severe cerebellar atrophy while undergoing phenytoin treatment. On cessation of phenytoin, the patient exhibited improvement with enhanced cerebellar function.

Examining The Impact And Implementation Of Protected Administrative Time On Provider Well-Being And Service Delivery Indicators Within A Multi-State Network Of Primary Care Medical Practices, Lauren Junge-Maughan

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Background:

Primary care is integral to achieving high-quality health outcomes for the population and decreasing healthcare costs. However, primary care clinicians suffer from conflicting demands, impossible expectations, and burdensome processes. With burnout and mental fatigue increasing, leadership must find innovative programs to implement in their organizations. This mixed-methods research study assessed the impact of one such intervention, protected administrative time (PRAT), on improving provider well-being.

Purpose:

The first aim was to evaluate the association of PRAT on the service delivery indicators of primary care clinicians’ productivity, average appointments per day, patient satisfaction (likelihood to recommend), clinician time to the next …

In Vivo Measurement Of Nadh Fluorescence Lifetime In Skeletal Muscle Via Fiber-Coupled Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting, Kathryn M. Priest, Jacob V. Schluns, Nathania Nischal, Colton L. Gattis, Jeffery C. Wolchok, Timothy J. Muldoon

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). NADH is autofluorescent, and its fluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in living cells. Fiber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo, enabling investigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue regeneration. This study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based, minimally-invasive NADH fluorescence lifetime measurement in vivo. Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries were …

Optimizing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy In Heart Failure Patients With Prolonged Qrs Duration: Insights Into Electrical And Mechanical Dyssynchrony, Zhisheng Chen, Lois Balmer, Xuerui Tan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Heart failure (HF) represents a critical stage of cardiac disease, associated with high morbidity and mortality. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has become a pivotal treatment for HF patients with prolonged QRS duration. This therapy employs a biventricular pacing system to correct cardiac electromechanical dyssynchrony, thereby improving cardiac function, symptoms, and prognosis. Numerous clinical trials have consistently highlighted the benefits of CRT in this subgroup, leading to its unanimous recommendation in clinical practice guidelines. However, a significant proportion of patients do not achieve an adequate therapeutic response, despite adherence to these guidelines. As CRT treats patients by correcting cardiac electromechanical dyssynchrony, …

An Ewas Of Dementia Biomarkers And Their Associations With Age, African Ancestry, And Ptsd, Mark W. Miller, Erika J. Wolf, Xiang Zhao, Mark W. Logue, Sage E. Hawn

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background

Large-scale cohort and epidemiological studies suggest that PTSD confers risk for dementia in later life but the biological mechanisms underlying this association remain unknown. This study examined this question by assessing the influences of PTSD, APOE ε4 genotypes, DNA methylation, and other variables on the age- and dementia-associated biomarkers Aβ40, Aβ42, GFAP, NfL, and pTau-181 measured in plasma. Our primary hypothesis was that PTSD would be associated with elevated levels of these markers.

Methods

Analyses were based on data from a PTSD-enriched cohort of 849 individuals. We began by performing factor analyses of the biomarkers, the results of which …

Expanding A Behavioral View On Digital Health Access: Drivers And Strategies To Promote Equity, Maura M. Kepper, Lauren A. Fowler, Isabelle S. Kusters, Jean W. Davis, Manal Baqer, Sarah Sagui-Henson, Yunyu Xiao, Adati Tarfa, Jean C. Yi, Bryan Gibson, Kristin E. Heron, Nicole M. Alberts, Marissa Burgermaster, Veronica Njie-Carr, Lisa M. Klesges

Psychology Faculty Publications

The potential and threat of digital tools to achieve health equity has been highlighted for over a decade, but the success of achieving equitable access to health technologies remains challenging. Our paper addresses renewed concerns regarding equity in digital health access that were deepened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our viewpoint is that (1) digital health tools have the potential to improve health equity if equitable access is achieved, and (2) improving access and equity in digital health can be strengthened by considering behavioral science-based strategies embedded in all phases of tool development. Using behavioral, equity, and access frameworks allowed for …

Sleep Disturbances And Psychological Well-Being Among Military Medical Doctors Of The Swiss Armed Forces: Study Protocol, Rationale And Development Of A Cross-Sectional And Longitudinal Interventional Study, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani, Viola Rigotti, Zeno Stanga, Undine E. Lang, Rebecca K. Blais, Michelle L. Kelley, Serge Brand

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: Compared to civilians and non-medical personnel, military medical doctors are at increased risk for sleep disturbances and impaired psychological well-being. Despite their responsibility and workload, no research has examined sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among the medical doctors (MDs) of the Swiss Armed Forces (SAF). Thus, the aims of the proposed study are (1) to conduct a cross-sectional study (labeled ‘Survey-Study 1’) of sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among MDs of the SAF; (2) to identify MDs who report sleep disturbances (insomnia severity index >8), along with low psychological well-being such as symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, but …

Neuroticism Mediates The Association Between Autistic Traits And Choice Reaction Time Among Young Adults, Kassandra De Jesus Cintron, Xiao Yang

Psychology Faculty Publications

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that influences an individual’s cognitive functions and social interaction. While most studies have focused on children and adolescents diagnosed with ASD, elevated levels of autistic traits in subclinical populations may also influence individuals’ daily functioning. Autistic traits are also linked to the Big Five personality. In particular, neuroticism (emotion instability) has been shown to be positively associated with autistic traits, which may contribute to behavioral symptoms of autistic traits. The present study aimed to investigate the association between autistic symptoms and sensorimotor processing among a subclinical population. One hundred young adults (M …

Short-Term Blood Pressure Variability Among Young Adults At High Or Low Risk For Depression, Balázs Bence Nyárády, Miklós Vértes, Edit Dósa, Xiao Yang, Charles J. George, Enikõ Kiss, Iidiko Baji, Krisztina Kapornai, Maria Kovacs

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: Depression has been shown to have adverse effects on blood pressure (BP) and is associated with high blood pressure variability (BPV). In turn, high short-term BPV has been related to eventual cardiovascular risk. But it is not clear how early in adulthood the detrimental effects of depression on BPV may be discerned, if being at high risk for depression also compromises BPV, and whether the clinical features of depression moderate its adverse effects. We investigated these three issues among young adults using an office-like setting. Methods: In total, 218 subjects with a history of childhood-onset major depressive episodes (probands), …

Sex Differences In The Association Between Cardiac Vagal Control And The Effects Of Baroreflex Afferents On Behavior, Xiao Yang, Jacob Chaney, Aaron S. David, Fang Fang

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. While sex differences in CVD have been well documented, the physiological mechanisms of those sex differences remain unclear. As important components of the cardiovascular system, cardiac vagal control and baroreflex serve as mechanisms of sex differences in CVD and are modifiable factors for gender-specific CVD preventions. Methods: Ninety-four healthy adults (18–44 years of age; M_age = 21.09 years; 46 female) were recruited to complete the assessments of heart rate variability (HRV) at a resting baseline and the cardiac timing effect on an R-wave-locked reaction time (RT) …

Gaze Transition Entropy As A Measure Of Attention Allocation In A Dynamic Workspace Involving Automation, Zixin Cui, Tetsuya Sato, Austin Jackson, Sampath Jayarathna, Makoto Itoh, Yusuke Yamani

Psychology Faculty Publications

Real-world work environments require operators to perform multiple tasks with continual support from an automated system. Eye movement is often used as a surrogate measure of operator attention, yet conventional summary measures such as percent dwell time do not capture dynamic transitions of attention in complex visual workspace. This study analyzed eye movement data collected in a controlled a MATB-II task environment using gaze transition entropy analysis. In the study, human subjects performed a compensatory tracking task, a system monitoring task, and a communication task concurrently. The results indicate that both gaze transition entropy and stationary gaze entropy, measures of …