Medical Specialties Commons^™

Association Between Symptom Burden And Early Lymphatic Abnormalities After Regional Nodal Irradiation For Breast Cancer, Alison K Yoder, Tianlin Xu, Peter Youssef, Sarah Desnyder, Kathryn E Marqueen, Lynn Isales, Ruitao Lin, Benjamin D Smith, Wendy A Woodward, Michael C Stauder, Eric A Strom, Melissa B Aldrich, Simona F Shaitelman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Dermal backflow visualized on near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging (NIRF-LI) signals preclinical lymphedema that precedes the development of volumetrically defined lymphedema. We sought to evaluate whether dermal backflow correlates with patient-reported lymphedema outcomes (PRLO) surveys in breast cancer patients treated with regional nodal irradiation (RNI).

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Patients with breast cancer planned for axillary dissection and RNI prospectively underwent perometry, NIRF-LI, and PRLOs (the Lymphedema Symptom Intensity and Distress Survey [LSIDS] and QuickDASH) at baseline, after surgery, and at 6, 12, and 18 months after radiation. Clinical lymphedema was defined as an arm volume increase ≥5% over baseline. Trends …

Biomechanical Evaluation And Intraoperative Strategies For Addressing Suture Anchor Failure In Osteoporotic Bone, Richard Marchese, Samir Baig, Sofia P. Hidalgo, Jaclyn Brunner, David E. Komatsu, Edward D. Wang

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Purpose: When aiming to enhance the strength of a suture anchor construct, typically in osteoporotic bone, it is often suggested to employ a method referred to as "under-tapping" (UT). A comprehensive assessment of tapping protocols for anchor placement was conducted to ascertain if this contributes to the prevention of anchor failure. Further, supplementary fixation techniques were examined to offer methods for secure fixation in the event of unanticipated failure.

Hypothesis: Under-tapping can increase load to failure compared to standard tapping (ST). If the initial fixation fails, using larger diameter anchors or bioabsorbable Trim-IT pins (TIP) via cross-pinning can provide stable …

Incidence Of Cardiovascular Surgery Following Pediatric Posterior Sternoclavicular Dislocation: Evaluating The Necessity Of Cardiothoracic Surgeon Standby During Operative Treatment, Ryan Lebens, Christian Leonardo, Rigel Hall, James Barsi

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Introduction: Posterior sternoclavicular (PSC) dislocations are rare events, most commonly occurring after high energy injury such as motor vehicle accident or contact sports. While rare, PSC dislocations can be life threatening due to risk of posterior displacement of the medial clavicle impinging the great vessels leading to the heart. As such, patients with sternoclavicular dislocation are at risk for intimal tears and hemorrhage. Traditional orthopedic surgery teachings state closed reductions for PSC dislocation should have cardiothoracic (CT) surgeons on standby in the event intimal tears need repair. Despite this, there lacks conclusive evidence and literature about whether CT surgeon standby …

Perioperative Continuous Glucose Monitoring In Diabetic Patients Undergoing Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty, Dorian Cohen, Mei Lin Chan, Abdullah Y. Hassan, Anna Lei, Joseph F. Lacomb, Igor Kravetz, James Nicholson

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

See article.

Postoperative Recovery Following Ankle Fracture Surgery With And Without At Home Physical Therapy System: A Prospective Randomized Control Study, John Kennedy, Amos Dai, Michelle Regan, Kaitlyn Compitello, David E. Komatsu, Megan Paulus

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

See article.

The Prevalence Of Dupuytren’S Disease In Patients With Epilepsy, Sandhya Ganesan, Kaitlyn N. Compitello, Benjamin N. Blond, David E. Komatsu, Lawrence C. Hurst

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Background: Dupuytren’s disease (DD) is a fibroproliferative disorder characterized by progressively worsening contractures of the fingers, first web, and thumb. This condition has been associated with various risk factors, one of which includes epilepsy and recurrent seizures. Antiseizure medications (ASMs) especially phenobarbital, have been implicated in the connection between the two conditions; however, their association remains unclear.

Purpose: This study evaluated data from a TriNetX network of 132,152,597 total patients, 1,492,227 patients with epilepsy, 141,237 patients with DD, and 4,244 patients with both epilepsy and DD, to assess the correlation between DD and epilepsy and factors that may …

Utility Of Intraoperative Ultrasound In Localizing Retracted Flexor Tendon Injuries: A Cadaveric Study, Cris Min, Emil Vutescu S. Vutescu, Kenny Ling, David E. Komatsu, Edward D. Wang

Stony Brook Orthopaedic and Musculoskeletal Journal

Background: Flexor tendon injuries are common injuries typically seen in the working-age (20 to 45 years) young male population1. These injuries can be debilitating and lead to significant morbidity, as most flexor tendon lacerations require surgical treatment for proper healing. There is increasing use of both preoperative and postoperative ultrasound to aid in evaluation of flexor tendon injuries.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if ultrasound was a modality that could be useful intraoperatively in the localization of Zone II retracted flexor tendon injuries, as well as to determine how accurate ultrasound is in measuring the defect. …

A Rare Case Of Breast Carcinoma Metastasis Into A Meningioma In A 64-Year-Old Female Patient, Edwin Mogere, Miriam Mutebi, Allan Njau, Manel Haj Mansour

General Surgery, East Africa

This report discusses the occurrence of tumor-to-tumor metastasis—an atypical phenomenon in oncology where a secondary malignancy develops within an existing primary tumor. The case of a 64-year-old woman is presented, who, with a history of stage II invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast treated with mastectomy and chemoradiotherapy, developed neurological symptoms indicative of a secondary brain tumor. MRI and subsequent histopathological analysis post-craniotomy confirmed a meningioma with a metastatic breast carcinoma, demonstrating the clinical importance of considering tumor-to-tumor metastasis in similar patient histories.

Postoperative Quality Of Life Improvement: Tavi Vs. Mini-Sternotomy Tissue Valve Insertion In Elderly Patients With Significant Aortic Stenosis, Ahmed Shafeek Ali, Mostafa Abd Al Salam Mohamed Ghazi, Mahmoud Maher Abdou Ibrahim, Reham Mohammed Salah Eldin Ahmed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Postoperative improvements in the quality of life represent a master scale for procedural success, particularly in elderly patients with cardiac conditions. Objectives: To detect positive changes in quality of life for elderly candidates with significant calcific aortic stenosis treated by aortic tissue valve insertion, either through TAVI or mini-sternotomy AVR. Patients and methods: A prospective study was done on 88 patients above 65 years with severe calcific aortic stenosis. They sought treatment at the National Heart Institute in Cairo, Egypt between March 2020 and July 2022. All patients underwent aortic tissue valve replacement. Eight candidates were removed from the …

Predictors Of Residual Vsd After Surgical Versus Transcatheter Closure, Ramdan Ibrahim Mohammed Ouf, Deyaa Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair is a frequently performed cardiac procedure in children, and it is associated with a extremely low likelihood of experiencing post-operative complications. Aim of the study: to identify the incidence of residual shunt across interventricular septum after surgical repair or device closure of isolated VSD or associated with another congenital anomaly. Methods: This is a retrospective study included 60 patients undergoing closure of VSD between January 2021 and January 2023 in National Heart Institute. They were divided into 2 groups: Group I underwent surgical closure (30 patients) and group II underwent transcatheter closure (30 patients). …

Periodontal Regeneration Related To Periodontitis Treated By Garden Cress And Ozone Therapy. (Randomized Clinical &Experimental Study), Zienab S. Farid, Doaa Adel Habba, Gihan Adel Balbola, Noura Mohammed Bakr

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective: In this article, garden cress and ozone were evaluated for their potential therapeutic properties of PDL and resorption of alveolar bone in the periodontal tissues based on rats' experimental periodontitis and to assess the clinical effectiveness of local application of garden cress and ozone for treatment and management of periodontitis patients using scaling and root planing. Methodology: Thirty mature Wistar male albino rats. Three groups of rats were formed; periodontitis without treatment, periodontitis with garden cress, and periodontitis plus ozone therapy. The present study also included thirty periodontitis Patients were randomly allocated to one of three groups of ten …

Oral And Dental Health In Systemic Sclerosis: Is It A Window To Other Systemic Affections?, Omnia A Abubakr, Taghreed F M M Mostafa, Mohamed A Hamdy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Oral and periodontal manifestations are common in systemic sclerosis (SSc) which may result in poor nutritional status and significant morbidity. Better understanding of these manifestations is crucial for better patient outcomes. We aimed to evaluate dental and oral manifestations in patients with SSc in comparison to healthy control and to study the relationship between these findings and systemic sclerosis disease activity index, skin thickness, other systemic affection, as well as the oral health-related quality of life in these patients Patients and Methods: 50 patients with SSc were included in this case-control study (Group A) and 50 apparently healthy controls …

Quantifying T-Regulatory Cells And Their Clinicopathological Relevance In Hodgkin Lymphomas, Nishant Taur, Rashmi Kushwaha, Mili Jain, Richa Ranjan, Akansha Singh

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) constitute a distinct subset of lymphocytes recognized for their ability to dampen immune responses. The significance of Tregs as prognostic indicators in individuals with lymphoma has sparked ongoing debates. Therefore, this study was undertaken to enumerate and correlate the clinicopathological findings of T-regulatory cells in Hodgkin lymphomas. Methodology: This hospital-based prospective observational study included a total of 50 participants. All the enrolled participants were divided into cases (all biopsy/immunophenotypically proven cases of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma; n=30) and controls (healthy individuals; n=20). Clinico-demographic details were recorded and compared. Sample collected from the patients were tagged with specific …

The Rage Gene Crucial Function In The Etiology And Consequences Of Type I Diabetes, Amal A. Mohamed, Mohamed O. Mahmoud, Gamil M. Abdallah, Nada S. Ali, Mona Abdelmotaleb Abdelfatah Hussein, Ibrahim T. Ibrahim

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Type I Diabetes, among the ten greatest causes of mortality worldwide, is estimated to afflict 642 million individuals by 2040. It is an auto-immune illness brought on by an association of environmental and genetic variables. that cause T lymphocytes to destroy insulin-producing β-cells. Its prevalence continues to rise by 3-4% annually worldwide, enhancing the risk of mortality. So, the idea of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is widely established, and systemic treatment is essential. RAGEs are linked to inflammatory disorders that exist in a variety of TID-related cells; especially T cells. Variations in circulating RAGE concentrations have been linked to a …

The Role Of Renal Resistive Index (Rri) As Early Non Invasive Predictor Of Renal Dysfunction And Relation To Estimated Gfr In Nafld Patients, Atteyat Aboelmaged Semeya, Hala Abd-Elhameed Tabl, Naglaa F. Al-Mihy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is the diagnosis of fatty infiltration of the liver (steatosis) in the absence of other reasons, done through histology or imaging, with or without fibrosis or inflammation. We sought to ascertain the function of RRI as early non-invasive predictor of renal dysfunction and the relationship between eGFR and RRI in patients with NAFLD.

Methods: This cross-sectional research comprised 250 patients and controls gathered from outpatient clinic of the Hepatogasteroenterology Department, Benha teaching Hospitals. They were split into three groups: group 1 consisted of 100 NASH patients, fibrosis-free or with a history of the condition; group …

Causes And Predictors Of Early 30-Day Rehospitalization After Isolated Elective Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery., Ahmed A Faragalla, Ahmed M Elshiemy, Sherif A Elhindawy, Ahmed A. Aziz

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Despite advancements in interventional cardiology, CABG remains essential for many CAD patients. While surgical outcome scoring exists, early post-CABG re-hospitalization remains poorly understood.

Aim of the work This study investigates risk factors and underlying causes of 30-day readmission following elective isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods A prospective analysis of 550 consecutive elective isolated CABG patients at the National Heart Institute (January 2022 - June 2023) was undertaken to investigate the 30-day readmission rate, diagnoses, and independent predictors using a follow-up phone call strategy.

Results Analysis revealed a 2.9% (16/545) 30-day readmission rate. Surgical site infection was the …

Role Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) In Evaluating The Indeterminate Breast Lesions, Jehan Ibrahim M. Altohamy, Nivine Abdel Moneim Chalabi, Mohamed Amr Farouk, Mina Awny Moawad, Shrouk Mohamed Awadallah

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: the number of women who are diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) continues to rise, making it the utmost public cause of cancer death among ladies globally. It has been proposed that high-risk individual's get breast MRIs, which are the most sensitive breast cancer screening method that does not use ionizing radiation. Aim and objectives; This research effort assesses breast MRI in order to clarify the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System categorization of indeterminate mammography or ultrasonography examines as well as evaluate the diagnostic reliability of MRI in assessing lesions discovered on screening or diagnostic mammography or ultrasonography that …

Peroneal Artery Angioplasty As An Alternative For Limb Salvage In Patients With Critical Threatening Limb Ischemia, Mohamed Abdelsamie Abdelkhalek Elbahat, Mohamed Atef Almoslemany

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) presents a significant health concern, particularly among patients with blockages in the lower leg arteries. Objectives: This prospective investigation aimed to evaluate the results of revascularization in CLTI patients, with particular attention to the peroneal artery as the preferred target vessel for limb salvage.

Materials and Methods: 50 CLTI patients were enrolled in the study and underwent thorough clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and duplex scanning at regular intervals. Revascularization procedures, primarily using the antegrade femoral approach on the same side as the affected limb, involved balloon angioplasty. Postoperative outcomes were assessed based on the rates …

Safe Monsplasty Technique Combined With Abdominoplasty, Ebrahim Awad Rizk, Maurice Fekry Khalil

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: One of the most common procedures for changing the shape of a person's body is abdominoplasty, which often includes monsplasty. It is one of the top five procedures in cosmetic surgery. Abdominoplasty and body lift operations may begin with a monsplasty. Here, we detail a novel method for treating pubic deformities triggered by massive weight reduction.

Aim and objectives; The purpose of this research was to evaluate how happy our patients were with the results of their monsplasty and abdominoplasty procedures following significant weight loss. Our team also tried to develop a surgical care decision-making system.

Subjects and methods; …

Detection Of Cardiac Involvement Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography In Covid-19 Recovered Patients And Its Relation To Leucocyte Count., Shaimaa Wageeh, Eman H Seddik, Alaa Ramadan Youssuf

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Globally, the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Our research aimed to assess the relationship between recovered COVID-19 patients' left ventricular (LV) systolic function and a range of inflammatory and hematological markers

Methods: For cases; baseline clinical and biochemical data such as the complete blood count (CBC), serum ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer were measured Echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular (LV) functions, including global longitudinal strain (GLS), myocardial performance index (MPI), left atrial volume index (LAVI), and ejection fraction, were done to all cases and controls.

Results: GLS was …

The Value Of Neutrophil, Platelet-To-Lymphocyte Ratio And Lymphocyte To Monocyte Ratio With Disease Activity In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Lamis Safwat, Shaimaa Mohamed Abd El Aziz

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

For rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, altering their disease activity is crucial to their treatment plan. Utilising the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) as indicators of inflammation as a result of inflammatory process that led to alteration in platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes absolute number. We aim to provide an overview of the most recent research on the diagnostic potential of three systemic inflammatory ratios as indicators of rheumatoid activity:), platelet/lymphocyte (PLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) and lymphocyte/monocyte (LMR) . We concentrated on the research that evaluated blood cell parameters' diagnostic usefulness depending on the ROC ie area …

Effect Of Nd:Yag Laser Capsulotomy For Treatment Of Posterior Capsular Opacification (Pco) On Central Macular Thickness (Cmt) And Ganglion Cell Complex (Gcc) At Sohag Teaching Hospital, Mohammed Shikhoun Ahmed, Alyaa Abdelnaser Ahmed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: After cataract surgery, a common consequence is posterior capsular opacification (PCO). Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser therapy is currently the most popular option for treating PCO since it is successful, fast, and non-invasive..

Methods: One hundred consecutive patients who visited the Sohag Teaching Hospital's outpatient ophthalmology clinic and were eligible with PCO were included in the study. Central macular thickness (CMT), ganglion cell complex (GCC), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured prior to YAG laser treatment. Following the surgery, follow-up evaluations were conducted two weeks, one month, and three months later.

Results: Comparing pre and …

Bone Grafting With Prp And Dental Implantation For Unilateral Alveolar Cleft Patients, Wesam Ibrahem Homouda, Helmy Ahmed Soliman, Mohamed Amr Hamdy Salem

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) deformity is the most common congenital craniofacial anomaly, often treated with Alveolar Bone Grafting (ABG) in patients with alveolar clefts. Application of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) enhances healing by releasing high concentrations of cytokines from platelets. Over the past century, the treatment for alveolar clefts had been evolved, with the current standard being autologous cancellous bone grafts from iliac crest in 6 to 11-year-old patients during the mixed dentition period. Dental implant has role of holding dental prosthesis, preventing pronounced bone atrophy and loading the augmentation material in cleft area.

Objectives: The objective of …

Oral Collagen Supplementation In 2nd Degree Burn And Chronic Pressure Ulcers, Wesam Ibrahem Homouda, Helmy Ahmed Soliman, Esayed Hussien Elmokadem

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Healing of wounds requires adequate intake of protein, iron, Vitamin-C and zinc. In case of deficiency in the dietary intake, supplements may be prescribed. Collagen-peptide supplements can enhance skin hydration, elasticity, and reduce wrinkles. Burns, caused by various agents, severely damage skin layers. Pressure ulcers occur when prolonged pressure on the skin leads to tissue ischaemia, disrupting nutrition and oxygen supply, resulting in tissue necrosis. Systematic reviews show that oral collagen, either intact or hydrolyzed, effectively improves skin health.

Objectives: This article aim to evaluate the effect of oral collagen intake as a healing promoting supplementation in management of …

Erratum: Added Value Of Diffusion Weighted Image And Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping In Differentiation Between Bone Marrow Neoplastic Infiltration And Non-Neoplastic Complication In Hematologic Malignancies

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

No abstract provided.

Relationship Between Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (Tsh) Levels And The Presence Of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld) Among Asymptomatic Individuals, Mohamed Ramzy Alawy, Shimaa M W Kalama, Rania T H Gebba, Samah Mohammed Abdelmonem Abu Sholaa, Asmaa M Soliman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Thyroid gland and its hormones have a crucial effect in body weight regulation, metabolism of lipid, and insulin sensitivity, which all of them play an important and significant effect in the process of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the potential risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome in euthyroid persons with NAFLD . Subjects and Methods: - This cross-sectional study was carried out on outpatient cases in the Department of Internal Medicine at Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital. Conducted between February 2024 and August 2024, our study included 96 participants recruited from outpatient clinic. …

Serum Procalcitonin As An Early Marker Of Diabetic Foot Sepsis In Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospital, Asmaa M Soliman, Shimaa M W Kalama, Rania T H Gebba, Randa I. Ahmed Elshiha, Samah Mohammed Abdelmonem Abu Sholaa, Elham T Awwad, Mohamed Ramzy Alawy, Mohamed Abdel Samie Abdelkhalek Elbahat

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Diabetic foot infections are a serious consequence of diabetes mellitus, frequently resulting in major health problems such as amputation. Traditional diagnostic markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) have limitations, spurring more research into procalcitonin (PCT) as a possibly more reliable predictor of infection severity and consequences. Objectives To compare the efficacy of (PCT) to standard inflammatory indicators (ESR and CRP) in predicting outcomes of acute diabetic foot infections (DFI) and to determine its potential benefits in clinical settings. Patient and Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken at Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospital between December 2023 …

Study Of Transient Elastography Changes And Biochemical Effects Of Direct Acting Antiviral Regimens In Egyptian Hcv Patients, Omar Mahmoud Azzam, Nageh Kamal Georgy, Hesham Mohamed Elwakeel

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: In 2014–2015, a new era in the clinical practice of managing chronic HCV using direct antiviral drugs (DAAs) began. The results of DAAS therapy are promising, with higher sustained virological response (SVR) rates, shorter, more efficient regimens, and less treatment-related side effects in HCV patients. For many years, the field of liver specialists has focused most of its study and debate on the retrogradation of liver fibrosis. Recent evidence, however, has shown that fibrosis decline occurs in a variety of chronic liver disorders, including persistent viral hepatitis.

Objective: to assess the biochemical effects of various DAAS regimens and changes …

Surgical Radiofrequency Ablation Using The Left Modified Maze Procedure In The Treatment Of Chronic Atrial Fibrillation During Mitral Valve Surgery – Early Results, Ahmed A Faragalla, Ahmed M Elshiemy, Sherif A Elhendawy, Ahmed A. Abdelhamid

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

ABSTRACT Background: Complex Cox-Maze III is standard for atrial fibrillation in mitral valve surgery. Radiofrequency ablation, a newer energy-based method, might be simpler and less risky. Aim of the work: Assessing the Efficacy of Surgical Radiofrequency Ablation for Chronic Atrial Fibrillation with Left Atrial Modified Maze Procedure in Mitral Valve Surgery. Patients and Methods: A randomised controlled study (80 patients, mitral valve disease + chronic atrial fibrillation) compares a left-modified Maze with radiofrequency ablation (Group A/40) vs. mitral valve surgery alone (Group B/40) at the National Heart Institute—primary outcome: Restoration of sinus rhythm. Results: This randomized controlled study (n=80, mitral …

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Versus Spectral-Domain Oct In Assessing The Activity Of Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration., Tarek Ibrahim Badr

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the primary cause of visual deterioration in people over 50 in developed countries. Our study compares optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to assist patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (eAMD) in making treatment decisions. Patients and Methods The prospective case series consisted of 50 eyes from 35 patients having exudative neovascular age-related macular degeneration who were found to have choroidal neovascularization (CNV).While the SD-OCT data were utilized to determine the need for treatment, the OCTA data were utilized to establish the CNV criterion. To evaluate any possible …