Medical Specialties Commons^™

Global Trend In Exosome Isolation And Application: An Update Concept In Management Of Diseases, Mohammadhassan Omrani, Hanieh Beyrampour-Basmenj, Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan, Mahnaz Talebi, Mortaza Raeisi, Zeinab Aliyari Serej, Naeimeh Akbar-Gharalari, Sina Khodakarimi, Jiaqian Wu, Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by various cells offer great potential for use in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. EVs are heterogeneous membranous vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of EVs, 40-150 nm spherical vesicles with a lipid layer derived from endosomes. Exosomes, which are involved in signal transduction and maintain homeostasis, are released from almost all cells, tissues, and body fluids. Although several methods exist to isolate and characterize EVs and exosomes, each technique has significant drawbacks and limitations that prevent progress in the field. New approaches in the biology of EVs show great potential for isolating and characterizing EVs, …

Incidental Ring-Hyperenhancing Liver Micronodules At Ct Hepatic Arteriography-Guided Percutaneous Thermal Ablation Of Colorectal Liver Metastases, Jessica Albuquerque, Yuan-Mao Lin, Iwan Paolucci, Caleb S O'Connor, Ching-Wei Tzeng, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey, Kristy K Brock, Bruno C Odisio

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

CT during hepatic arteriography (CTHA) is a highly sensitive imaging method for detecting colorectal liver metastases (CLMs), which supports its use during percutaneous thermal liver ablation. In contrast to its high sensitivity, its specificity for incidental small CLMs not detected at preablation cross-sectional imaging is believed to be low given the absence of specific imaging signatures and the common presence of pseudolesions. In this retrospective study of 22 patients (mean age, 55 years ± 10.6 [SD]; 63.6% male, 36.4% female) with CLMs undergoing CTHA-guided microwave percutaneous thermal ablation between November 2017 and October 2022, the authors provided a definition of …

The Lymphoma Epidemiology Of Outcomes Cohort Study: Design, Baseline Characteristics, And Early Outcomes, James R Cerhan, Matthew J Maurer, Brian K Link, Andrew L Feldman, Thomas M Habermann, David L Jaye, W Richard Burack, Timothy J Mcdonnell, Francisco Vega, Jennifer R Chapman, Sergei Syrbu, Kiran R Vij, Giorgio Inghirami, John P Leonard, Leon Bernal-Mizrachi, Umar Farooq, Thomas E Witzig, George J Weiner, Yucai Wang, Juan P Alderuccio, Susan L Slager, Melissa C Larson, Shaun M Riska, Brianna J Gysbers, Julianne J Lunde, Tanner W Reicks, Amy A Ayers, Colin B O'Leary, Kathleen J Yost, Hongfang Liu, Grzegorz S Nowakowski, Jia Ruan, Dai Chihara, Jean L Koff, Carla Casulo, Carrie A Thompson, Jonathon B Cohen, Brad S Kahl, Loretta J Nastoupil, Izidore S Lossos, Jonathan W Friedberg, Peter Martin, Christopher R Flowers

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

To address the current and long-term unmet health needs of the growing population of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients, we established the Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) cohort study (NCT02736357; https://leocohort.org/). A total of 7735 newly diagnosed patients aged 18 years and older with NHL were prospectively enrolled from 7/1/2015 to 5/31/2020 at 8 academic centers in the United States. The median age at diagnosis was 62 years (range, 18-99). Participants came from 49 US states and included 538 Black/African-Americans (AA), 822 Hispanics (regardless of race), 3386 women, 716 age <40 >years, and 1513 rural residents. At study baseline, we abstracted clinical, …

Normative Modelling Of Brain Morphometry Across The Lifespan With Centilebrain: Algorithm Benchmarking And Model Optimisation, Ruiyang Ge, Yuetong Yu, Yi Xuan Qi, Yu-Nan Fan, Shiyu Chen, Chuntong Gao, Shalaila S Haas, Faye New, Dorret I Boomsma, Henry Brodaty, Rachel M Brouwer, Randy Buckner, Xavier Caseras, Fabrice Crivello, Eveline A Crone, Susanne Erk, Simon E Fisher, Barbara Franke, David C Glahn, Udo Dannlowski, Dominik Grotegerd, Oliver Gruber, Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol, Gunter Schumann, Christian K Tamnes, Henrik Walter, Lara M Wierenga, Neda Jahanshad, Paul M Thompson, Sophia Frangou, Enigma Lifespan Working Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The value of normative models in research and clinical practice relies on their robustness and a systematic comparison of different modelling algorithms and parameters; however, this has not been done to date. We aimed to identify the optimal approach for normative modelling of brain morphometric data through systematic empirical benchmarking, by quantifying the accuracy of different algorithms and identifying parameters that optimised model performance. We developed this framework with regional morphometric data from 37 407 healthy individuals (53% female and 47% male; aged 3-90 years) from 87 datasets from Europe, Australia, the USA, South Africa, and east Asia following a …

Cancer Patients With Clonal Hematopoiesis Die From Primary Malignancy Or Comorbidities Despite Higher Rates Of Transformation To Myeloid Neoplasms, Kelly S Chien, Faustine Ong, Kunhwa Kim, Ziyi Li, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Courtney D Dinardo, Koichi Takahashi, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Danielle Hammond, Koji Sasaki, Sherry A Pierce, Hagop M Kantarjian, Guillermo Garcia-Manero

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of somatic mutations in patients with no evidence of hematological disorders is called clonal hematopoiesis (CH). CH, whose subtypes include CH of indeterminate potential and clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance, has been associated with both hematologic cancers and systemic comorbidities. However, CH's effect on patients, especially those with concomitant malignancies, is not fully understood.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective evaluation of all patients with CH at a tertiary cancer center. Patient characteristics, mutational data, and outcomes were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS: Of 78 individuals included, 59 (76%) had a history of cancer and 60 (77%) had moderate …

Analysis Of East Asia Subgroup In Study 309/Keynote-775: Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab Versus Treatment Of Physician's Choice Chemotherapy In Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer, Kan Yonemori, Keiichi Fujiwara, Kosei Hasegawa, Mayu Yunokawa, Kimio Ushijima, Shiro Suzuki, Ayumi Shikama, Shinichiro Minobe, Tomoka Usami, Jae-Weon Kim, Byoung-Gie Kim, Peng-Hui Wang, Ting-Chang Chang, Keiko Yamamoto, Shirong Han, Jodi Mckenzie, Robert J Orlowski, Takuma Miura, Vicky Makker, Yong Man Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: In the global phase 3 Study 309/KEYNOTE-775 (NCT03517449) at the first interim analysis, lenvatinib+pembrolizumab significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR) versus treatment of physician's choice chemotherapy (TPC) in patients with previously treated advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer (EC). This exploratory analysis evaluated outcomes in patients enrolled in East Asia at the time of prespecified final analysis.

METHODS: Women ≥18 years with histologically confirmed advanced, recurrent, or metastatic EC with progressive disease after 1 platinum-based chemotherapy (2 if 1 given in neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting) were enrolled. Patients were randomized 1:1 to lenvatinib 20 mg orally once …

The Hyphal-Specific Toxin Candidalysin Promotes Fungal Gut Commensalism, Shen-Huan Liang, Shabnam Sircaik, Joseph Dainis, Pallavi Kakade, Swathi Penumutchu, Liam D Mcdonough, Ying-Han Chen, Corey Frazer, Tim B Schille, Stefanie Allert, Osama Elshafee, Maria Hänel, Selene Mogavero, Shipra Vaishnava, Ken Cadwell, Peter Belenky, J Christian Perez, Bernhard Hube, Iuliana V Ene, Richard J Bennett

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The fungus Candida albicans frequently colonizes the human gastrointestinal tract, from which it can disseminate to cause systemic disease. This polymorphic species can transition between growing as single-celled yeast and as multicellular hyphae to adapt to its environment. The current dogma of C. albicans commensalism is that the yeast form is optimal for gut colonization, whereas hyphal cells are detrimental to colonization but critical for virulence

Artificial Intelligence-Based Radiotherapy Contouring And Planning To Improve Global Access To Cancer Care, Laurence E Court, Ajay Aggarwal, Anuja Jhingran, Komeela Naidoo, Tucker Netherton, Adenike Olanrewaju, Christine Peterson, Jeannette Parkes, Hannah Simonds, Christoph Trauernicht, Lifei Zhang, Beth M Beadle, Radiation Planning Assistant Consortium Collaborators, Affiliations Expand

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Increased automation has been identified as one approach to improving global cancer care. The Radiation Planning Assistant (RPA) is a web-based tool offering automated radiotherapy (RT) contouring and planning to low-resource clinics. In this study, the RPA workflow and clinical acceptability were assessed by physicians around the world.

METHODS: The RPA output for 75 cases was reviewed by at least three physicians; 31 radiation oncologists at 16 institutions in six countries on five continents reviewed RPA contours and plans for clinical acceptability using a 5-point Likert scale.

RESULTS: For cervical cancer, RPA plans using bony landmarks were scored as …

Trps1 Expression In Non-Melanocytic Cutaneous Neoplasms: An Immunohistochemical Analysis Of 200 Cases, Yi A Liu, Phyu P Aung, Yunyi Wang, Jing Ning, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Jonathan L Curry, Carlos A Torres-Cabala, Doina Ivan, Victor G Prieto, Qingqing Ding, Woo Cheal Cho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Although trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) was initially thought to be highly sensitive and specific for carcinomas and mesenchymal tumors of mammary origin, more recent data suggest its expression is not limited to breast neoplasms but also can be seen in other cutaneous neoplasms, such as extramammary Paget disease and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ.

METHODS: Two-hundred cases of non-melanocytic cutaneous neoplasm, including basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) (n = 41), SCCs (n = 35), Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) (n = 25), and adnexal neoplasms (n = 99), were tested for TRPS1 expression using a monoclonal anti- TRPS1 rabbit …

National Trends Of Vascular Risk Factor Control Among Stroke Survivors: From The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey 2009 To 2020, Hend Mansoor, Daniel Manion, Kara Jo Swafford, Gregory A. Jicha, Daniela Claudia Moga

Neurology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Contemporary data describing the national trends on vascular risk factor control among stroke survivors are limited.

METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2009 to 2010 to 2017 to March 2020. Adults (≥18 years of age) with a self-reported diagnosis of stroke were identified. Age- adjusted trends in hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia control were examined. Sex and racial differences in vascular risk factor control were also investigated. Among 32 497 adult individuals who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1354 participants (4.2%) self-reported a prior diagnosis …

Single-Step Collagen-Elastin Dermal Matrix With Split-Thickness Skin Grafting For Keloid Burn Scars: A Case Series, Meredith Elman, Pablo Aguayo

Presentations

Introduction Keloids may pose significant difficulty to affected patients: they can be painful, itchy, impact mobility if they cross joints, and most disruptively, can be physically disfiguring and cause emotional distress. While multiple treatments exist, none reliably provide scar resolution, and up to 100% of keloids return after surgical excision. MatriDerm is a dermal replacement scaffold that has shown previous efficacy in management of a variety of acute and chronic wounds in adults, including burns. In this two patient case series, we aim to demonstrate the efficacy of single-step application of MatriDerm dermal substitute with split-thickness skin grafting in the …

Using Imaging Modalities To Predict Nanoparticle Distribution And Treatment Efficacy In Solid Tumors: The Growing Role Of Ultrasound, Michaela B. Cooley, Dana Wegierak, Agata A. Exner

Faculty Scholarship

Nanomedicine in oncology has not had the success in clinical impact that was anticipated in the early stages of the field's development. Ideally, nanomedicines selectively accumulate in tumor tissue and reduce systemic side effects compared to traditional chemotherapeutics. However, this has been more successful in preclinical animal models than in humans. The causes of this failure to translate may be related to the intra- and inter-patient heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment. Predicting whether a patient will respond positively to treatment prior to its initiation, through evaluation of characteristics like nanoparticle extravasation and retention potential in the tumor, may be a …

Financial-Legal Navigation Reduces Financial Toxicity Of Pediatric, Adolescent, And Young Adult Cancers, Jean Edward, Kimberly D. Northrip, Mary Kay Rayens, Andrea Welker, Rachel O'Farrel, Jennifer Knuf, Haafsah Fariduddin, Julia Costich, John A. D'Orazio

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Background: Pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with cancer and their caregivers are at high risk of financial toxicity, and few evidence-based oncology financial and legal navigation programs exist to address it. We tested the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of Financial and Insurance Navigation Assistance, a novel interdisciplinary financial and legal naviga- tion intervention for pediatric, adolescent and young adult patients and their caregivers.

Methods: We used a single-arm feasibility and acceptability trial design in a pediatric hematology and oncology clinic and collected preintervention and postintervention surveys to assess changes in financial toxicity (3 domains: psychological response/ Comprehensive Score …

Staphylococcus Aureus Oleate Hydratase Produces Ligands That Activate Host Ppara, Christopher D. Radka, Matthew W. Frank, Tyler S. Simmons, Cydney N. Johnson, Jason W. Rosch, Charles O. Rock

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Commensal gut bacteria use oleate hydratase to release a spectrum of hydroxylated fatty acids using host-derived unsaturated fatty acids. These compounds are thought to attenuate the immune response, but the underlying signaling mechanism(s) remain to be established. The pathogen Staphylococcus aureus also expresses an oleate hydratase and 10- hydroxyoctadecanoic acid (h18:0) is the most abundant oleate hydratase metabolite found at Staphylococcal skin infection sites. Here, we show h18:0 stimulates the transcription of a set of lipid metabolism genes associated with the activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and mouse primary bone marrow-derived …

Demographics And Paindetect As Predictors Of 24-Month Outcomes For 10 Khz Scs In Nonsurgical Refractory Back Pain, Leonardo Kapural, Chengyuan Wu, Aaron Calodney, Julie Pilitsis, Markus Bendel, Erika Petersen, Dawood Sayed, Colleen Kelly, Rose Province-Azalde, Naresh P. Patel

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Nonsurgical refractory back pain (NSRBP) is broadly defined as chronic refractory back pain in patients who have not had previous spine surgery and, because they are deemed inappropriate candidates for surgery, are reliant on conventional medical management (CMM), which often provides poor long-term outcomes. High-frequency spinal cord stimulation (10kHz SCS) has demonstrated high rates of pain relief and improvements in functioning in patients with NSRBP. However, despite the use of temporary trial stimulation to select patients who will respond to therapy, some patients fail to achieve long-term therapy response with permanent implants. Prediction analysis founded on patients' baseline characteristics …

Real-World Evidence On The Dosing And Safety Of C.E.R.A. In Pediatric Dialysis Patients: Findings From The International Pediatric Dialysis Network Registries., Laura Kohlhas, Milena Studer, Loes Rutten-Jacobs, Sylvie Meyer Reigner, Anja Sander, Hui-Kim Yap, Karel Vondrak, Paula A. Coccia, Francisco Cano, Claus Peter Schmitt, Bradley A. Warady, Franz Schaefer, Ipdn Collaborators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: This retrospective real-world study used data from two registries, International Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Network (IPPN) and International Pediatric Hemodialysis Network (IPHN), to characterize the efficacy and safety of continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (C.E.R.A.) in pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD).

METHODS: IPPN and IPHN collect prospective data (baseline and every 6 months) from pediatric PD and HD centers worldwide. Demographics, clinical characteristics, dialysis information, treatment, laboratory parameters, number and causes of hospitalization events, and deaths were extracted for patients on C.E.R.A. treatment (IPPN: 2007-2021; IPHN: 2013-2021).

RESULTS: We analyzed 177 patients …

Associations Between Anemia And Fgf23 In The Ckid Study., Elizabeth Thomas, Alexandra M. Klomhaus, Marciana L. Laster, Susan L. Furth, Bradley A. Warady, Isidro B. Salusky, Mark R. Hanudel

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone that plays a central role in chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder and is associated with CKD progression and cardiovascular morbidity. Factors related to CKD-associated anemia, including iron deficiency, can increase FGF23 production. This study aimed to assess whether anemia and/or iron deficiency are associated with increased circulating concentrations of FGF23 in the large, well-characterized Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study cohort.

METHODS: Hemoglobin concentrations, iron parameters, C-terminal (total) FGF23, intact FGF23, and relevant covariables were measured in cross-sectional analysis of CKiD study subjects.

RESULTS: In 493 pediatric patients with …

Lenalidomide In The Treatment Of Anti-Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Neuropathy: A Phase 1 Study To Identify The Maximum Tolerated Dose., Amro M Stino, Naresh Bumma, Rachel Smith, Long Davalos, Jeff Allen, Jing Christine Ye, Matthew Pianko, Erica Campagnaro, Cassandra Fierro, Abdelrahman Awad, Ben Murdock, Maciej Pietrzak, Gerard Loszanski, David M Kline, Yvonne Efebera, Bakri Elsheikh

Neuroscience Articles

BACKGROUND: Anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) neuropathy is a debilitating demyelinating polyneuropathy with no approved therapies. Our primary objective was to ascertain lenalidomide safety and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in anti-MAG neuropathy.

METHODS: This phase 1b, open-label, single-arm, dose-finding trial was conducted from 2019 through 2022. The original design included a dose-escalation/extension phase followed by a dose-expansion phase. Three doses of lenalidomide were evaluated: 10, 15, and 25 mg. The main outcome was the MTD.

RESULTS: Eleven patients enrolled (10 men), with a mean age of 67.6 years (SD = 6.18, range 58-77 years) and mean disease duration of 8.5 years (SD …

Metabolomic Association And Risk Prediction With Heart Failure In Older Adults, Guning Liu, Ngoc Quynh H Nguyen, Kari E Wong, Sunil K Agarwal, Eric Boerwinkle, Patricia P Chang, Brian L Claggett, Laura R Loehr, Jianzhong Ma, Kunihiro Matsushita, Carlos J Rodriguez, Joseph S Rossi, Stuart D Russell, R Brandon Stacey, Amil M Shah, Bing Yu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Older adults have markedly increased risks of heart failure (HF), specifically HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Identifying novel biomarkers can help in understanding HF pathogenesis and improve at-risk population identification. This study aimed to identify metabolites associated with incident HF, HFpEF, and HF with reduced ejection fraction and examine risk prediction in older adults.

Methods: Untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed in Black and White adults from the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) visit 5 (n=3719; mean age, 75 years). We applied Cox regressions to identify metabolites associated with incident HF and its subtypes. The metabolite risk score …

Efficacy Of A Primary Care Ehealth Obesity Treatment Pilot Intervention Developed For Vulnerable Pediatric Patients, Joshua S Yudkin, Marlyn A Allicock, Folefac D Atem, Carol A Galeener, Sarah E Messiah, Sarah E Barlow

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background:

Challenges to treat excess weight in primary care settings include time constraints during encounters and barriers to multiple visits for patient families, especially those from vulnerable backgrounds. Dynamo Kids! (DK), a bilingual (English/Spanish) e-health intervention, was created to address these system-level challenges. This pilot study assessed the effect of DK use on parent-reported healthy habits and child BMI.

Methods:

In this 3-month, quasi-experimental cohort design, DK was offered to parents with children aged 6–12 years with BMI ≥85th percentile in three public primary care sites in Dallas, Texas. DK included three educational modules, one tracking tool, recipes, and links …

The Use Of Optical Coherence Tomography (Oct) And Oct Angiography In Borderline Personality Disorder Compared To Health Control Subjects, Bei Xu, Fangling Li, Zhejia Zhang, Qian Xiao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) or OCT angiography (OCTA) has been investigated in few research studies of psychiatric disorders. No research has been done using OCT or OCTA in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD).

METHODS: OCTA measured foveal avascular zone (FAZ), macular vessel density (MVD), and peripapillary vessel density (PVD). OCT measured the peripapillary retinal fiber layer (RNFL) and central retinal thickness (CRT). The study utilized the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) to assess the symptom characteristics of individuals with BPD.

RESULTS: Fifty-nine eyes of BPD patients and 58 eyes …

Autoantibodies, Antigen-Autoantibody Complexes And Antigens Complement Ca125 For Early Detection Of Ovarian Cancer, Chae Young Han, Jacob S Bedia, Wei-Lei Yang, Sarah J Hawley, Lindsay Bergan, Marika Hopper, Joseph Celestino, Jing Guo, Terrie G Gornet, Antoninus Soosaipillai, Hailing Yang, Samantha D Doskocil, Anna E Lokshin, Beverly C Handy, Eleftherios P Diamandis, Richard G Moore, Karen H Lu, Zhen Lu, Karen S Anderson, Charles W Drescher, Steven J Skates, Robert C Bast

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Multiple antigens, autoantibodies (AAb), and antigen-autoantibody (Ag-AAb) complexes were compared for their ability to complement CA125 for early detection of ovarian cancer.

METHODS: Twenty six biomarkers were measured in a single panel of sera from women with early stage (I-II) ovarian cancers (n = 64), late stage (III-IV) ovarian cancers (186), benign pelvic masses (200) and from healthy controls (502), and then split randomly (50:50) into a training set to identify the most promising classifier and a validation set to compare its performance to CA125 alone.

RESULTS: Eight biomarkers detected ≥ 8% of early stage cases at 98% specificity. …

Chronic Glp1 Therapy Reduces Postprandial Il6 In Obese Humans With Prediabetes, Vala Hamidi, Hongyu Wang, Vi Pham, Karla Bermudez Saint Andre, Heinrich Taegtmeyer, Absalon D Gutierrez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Single-dose glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) therapy increases postprandial plasma IL6 levels in prediabetic, obese humans. GLP1-IL6 interactions underly multiple antidiabetic effects, but these may differ after acute versus chronic therapy. This study examines postprandial effects of GLP1 after chronic therapy. Seven humans (six Black) with prediabetes and obesity completed 6 weeks of exenatide extended release therapy. Then subjects returned for pre- and post-meal measurements of plasma IL6, GLP1, glucagon, and related inflammatory markers. Weight, which was measured before and after therapy, did not change. Plasma IL6 decreased from baseline to postmeal state ( = 0.016), with decreases in free fatty …

Plasma Ferritin Levels, Incident Heart Failure, And Cardiac Structure And Function: The Aric Study, Iman A F Aboelsaad, Brian L Claggett, Victoria Arthur, Pranav Dorbala, Kunihiro Matsushita, Brandon W Lennep, Bing Yu, Pamela L Lutsey, Chiadi E Ndumele, Youssef M K Farag, Amil M Shah, Leo F Buckley

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Whether iron deficiency contributes to incident heart failure (HF) and cardiac dysfunction has important implications given the prevalence of iron deficiency and the availability of several therapeutics for iron repletion.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to estimate the associations of plasma ferritin level with incident HF overall, HF phenotypes, and cardiac structure and function measures in older adults.

METHODS: Participants in the ongoing, longitudinal ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study who were free of prevalent HF and anemia were studied. The associations of plasma ferritin levels with incident HF overall and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction …

Risk Of Alzheimer's Disease And Related Dementias In Persons With Glaucoma: A National Cohort Study, Casey Crump, Jan Sundquist, Weiva Sieh, Kristina Sundquist

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of optic neuropathies that potentially may be associated with other cerebral neurodegenerative processes leading to dementia. However, prior studies have been inconsistent. We examined dementia risks after glaucoma diagnosis in a large population-based cohort.

DESIGN: National matched cohort study.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 324 730 persons diagnosed with glaucoma during 1995-2017 in Sweden and 3 247 300 age- and sex-matched population-based controls without prior dementia.

METHODS: Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) for Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and all-cause dementia in persons with glaucoma compared with controls, adjusting for …

Quality Indicators In Surgical Oncology: Systematic Review Of Measures Used To Compare Quality Across Hospitals, Megan Mcleod, Kari Leung, C S. Pramesh, Peter Kingham, Miriam Mutebi, Julie Torode, Andre Ilbawi, Jade Chakowa, Richard Sullivan, Ajay Aggarwal

General Surgery, East Africa

Background: Measurement and reporting of quality indicators at the hospital level has been shown to improve outcomes and support patient choice. Although there are many studies validating individual quality indicators, there has been no systematic approach to understanding what quality indicators exist for surgical oncology and no standardization for their use. The aim of this study was to review quality indicators used to assess variation in quality in surgical oncology care across hospitals or regions. It also sought to describe the aims of these studies and what, if any, feedback was offered to the analysed groups.

Methods: A literature search …

Autologous Cell Immunotherapy (Igv-001) With Igf-1r Antisense Oligonucleotide In Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients, Ian Y. Lee, Simon Hanft, Michael Schulder, Kevin D. Judy, Eric T. Wong, J. Bradley Elder, Linton T. Evans, Mario Zuccarello, Julian Wu, Sonikpreet Aulakh, Vijay Agarwal, Rohan Ramakrishna, Brian J. Gill, Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, Cameron Brennan, Brad E. Zacharia, Carlos Eduardo Silva Correia, Madhavi Diwanji, Gregory K. Pennock, Charles Scott, Raul Perez-Olle, David W. Andrews, John A. Boockvar

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Standard-of-care first-line therapy for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (ndGBM) is maximal safe surgical resection, then concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide, followed by maintenance temozolomide. IGV-001, the first product of the Goldspire™ platform, is a first-in-class autologous immunotherapeutic product that combines personalized whole tumor-derived cells with an antisense oligonucleotide (IMV-001) in implantable biodiffusion chambers, with the intent to induce a tumor-specific immune response in patients with ndGBM. Here, we describe the design and rationale of a randomized, double-blind, phase IIb trial evaluating IGV-001 compared with placebo, both followed by standard-of-care treatment in patients with ndGBM. The primary end point is progression-free …

Dhea: A Neglected Biological Signal That May Affect Fetal And Child Development, Natasha A. Bailey, Elysia Poggi Davis, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

The stress-sensitive maternal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis through the end-product cortisol, represents a primary pathway through which maternal experience shapes fetal development with long-term consequences for child neurodevelopment. However, there is another HPA axis end-product that has been widely ignored in the study of human pregnancy. The synthesis and release of dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) is similar to cortisol, so it is a plausible, but neglected, biological signal that may influence fetal neurodevelopment. DHEA also may interact with cortisol to determine developmental outcomes. Surprisingly, there is virtually nothing known about human fetal exposure to prenatal maternal DHEA and offspring neurodevelopment. The current study …

Emotional, Behavioral, And Cognitive Symptom Associations With Community Participation In Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury, Shannon B Juengst, Brittany Wright, Leia Vos, Robert Perna, Michael Williams, Emily Dudek, Annalyn Demello, Zinat Taiwo, Luis Leon Novelo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between self-reported emotional and cognitive symptoms and participation outcomes in chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to explore the relative contribution of self-reported versus performance-based cognition to participation outcomes.

SETTING: Community.

PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling adults ( n = 135) with a lifetime history of mild to severe TBI.

DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study on neurobehavioral symptoms in chronic TBI.

MAIN MEASURES: Behavioral Assessment Screening Tool (BAST) (Negative Affect, Fatigue, Executive Dysfunction, Impulsivity, Substance Abuse subscales) measured self-reported neurobehavioral symptoms; Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools (Productivity, Social Relations, and Out and About) measured self-reported participation …

The Relationship Of Health Literacy To Health Outcomes Among Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study, Monique R Pappadis, Angelle M Sander, Shannon B Juengst, Luis Leon-Novelo, Esther Ngan, Kathleen R Bell, John D Corrigan, Simon Driver, Laura E Dreer, Anthony H Lequerica

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between health literacy and health outcomes among individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) at least a year post-injury.

SETTING: Community following discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 205 individuals with complicated mild to severe TBI who completed a TBI Model Systems National Database follow-up interview and a web-based health literacy measure.

DESIGN: A multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study.

MAIN MEASURES: The Health Literacy Assessment Using Talking Touchscreen Technology (Health LiTT), number of comorbid conditions (Medical and Mental Health Comorbidities Interview [MMHCI]), perceived physical and mental health (PROMIS Global Physical and Mental Health subscales), Patient …