Medical Specialties Commons^™

Corneal Ulcer On The Verge Of Rupture: An Ocular Emergency In A Free-Standing Emergency Room, Kevin Thomas, Garrett Root

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Type 1 Diabetes Treatment Regimens: Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (Csh) Vs Multiple Daily Injections (Mdi), Megan Felts

Graduate Research Projects

No abstract provided.

Ptsd In Covid-19 Frontline Workers, Samantha Gagliano

Graduate Research Projects

No abstract provided.

Heterogeneity Of Diabetes: B-Cells, Phenotypes, And Precision Medicine: Proceedings Of An International Symposium Of The Canadian Institutes Of Health Research’S Institute Of Nutrition, Metabolism And Diabetes And The U.S. National Institutes Of Health’S National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases, William T. Cefalu, Dana K. Andersen, Guillermo Arreaza-Rubín, Christopher L. Pin, Sheryl Sato, C. Bruce Verchere, Minna Woo, Norman D. Rosenblum

Paediatrics Publications

One hundred years have passed since the discovery of insulin—an achievement that transformed diabetes from a fatal illness into a manageable chronic condition. The decades since that momentous achievement have brought ever more rapid innovation and advancement in diabetes research and clinical care. To celebrate the important work of the past century and help to chart a course for its continuation into the next, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research’s Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes and the U.S. National Institutes of Health’s National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases recently held a joint international symposium, bringing together …

A Million Is More Than A Thousand: Children's Acquisition Of Very Large Number Words, Pierina Cheung, Daniel Ansari

Paediatrics Publications

Very large numbers words such as “hundred,” “thousand,” “million,” “billion,” and “trillion” pose a learning problem for children because they are sparse in everyday speech and children's experience with extremely large quantities is scarce. In this study, we examine when children acquire the relative ordering of very large number words as a first step toward understanding their acquisition. In Study 1, a hundred and twenty-five 5–8-year-olds participated in a verbal number comparison task involving very large number words. We found that children can judge which of two very large numbers is more as early as age 6, prior to entering …

Frequency Of Diabetes Team Contacts In Children And Adolescents Using Insulin Pumps, Funmbi T. Babalola, Michael R. Miller, Andrea R. Ens, Robert I. Stein, Patricia H. Gallego, Cheril L. Clarson

Paediatrics Publications

Background: The purpose of this study is to assess if a relationship exists between A1c within target (≤ 7.5%) and frequency of patient-initiated contact with diabetes team, in children with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) on an insulin pump. Additionally, to determine factors impacting frequency of contact. Methods: This was a retrospective study of children with T1DM on an insulin pump. Frequency of contact, type of contact, and A1c were collected. Study participants filled out a questionnaire at study entry. Results: One hundred and seventy-six participants were enrolled, with a mean age of 13 years. The median duration of T1DM was …

"Maybe I'M Not That Approachable": Using Simulation To Elicit Team Leaders' Perceptions Of Their Role In Facilitating Speaking Up Behaviors, Rachael Pack, Lauren Columbus, Trevor Hines Duncliffe, Harrison Banner, Priyanka Singh, Natashia Seemann, Taryn Taylor

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

BACKGROUND: Simulation research that seeks to solve the problem of silence among interprofessional teams has focused almost exclusively on training subordinate team members to be more courageous and to speak up to team leaders using direct challenge scripts despite the great interpersonal cost. Consequently, the existing literature overemphasizes the responsibility of subordinate team members for speaking up and fails to consider the role and responsibilities of team leaders in sustaining silence. The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the subtle behaviors and actions of team leaders that both promote and discourage speaking up.

METHODS: This study used …

Gestational Age Impacts Birth To Placental Weight Ratio And Umbilical Cord Oxygen Values With Implications For The Fetal Oxygen Margin Of Safety, Bryan S Richardson, Barbra De Vrijer, Hilary K Brown, Larry Stitt, Sheryl Choo, Timothy R H Regnault

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Background: We determined the impact of gestational age (GA) from near term to term to post-term on birth/placental weight ratio and cord oxygen values with implications for placental transport efficiency for oxygen, fetal O2 consumption relative to delivery or fractional O2 extraction, and oxygen margin of safety.

Materials and methods: A hospital database was used to obtain birth/placental weight ratios, cord PO2 and other information on patients delivering between Jan 1, 1990 and Jun 15, 2011 with GA > 34 completed weeks (N=69,852). Oxygen saturation was calculated from the cord PO2 and pH data, while fractional O2 extraction was calculated from …

Impostorism And Anxiety Contribute To Burnout Among Resident Physicians, Rachel Q. Liu, Jacob Davidson, Tamara A. Van Hooren, Julie Ann M. Van Koughnett, Sarah Jones, Michael C. Ott

Paediatrics Publications

Purpose: Physician burnout is an issue that has come to the forefront in the past decade. While many factors contribute to burnout the impact of impostorism and self-doubt has largely been ignored. We investigated the relationship of anxiety and impostorism to burnout in postgraduate medical learners. Materials and methods: Postgraduate learners in four diverse training programs: Family Medicine (FM), Paediatric Medicine (PM), Anesthesiology (AN), and General Surgery (GS) were surveyed to identify the incidence of impostorism (IP), anxiety, and burnout. IP, anxiety, and burnout were evaluated using the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), and …

The 2021 Eurpean Alliance Of Associations For Rheumatology/American College Of Rheumatology Points To Consider For Diagnosis And Management Of Autoinflammatory Type I Interferonopathies: Candle/Praas, Savi And Ags, Kader Cetin Gedik, Lovro Lamot, Micol Romano, Erkan Demirkaya, David Piskin, Sofia Torreggiani, Laura A. Adang, Thais Armangue, Kathe Barchus, Devon R. Cordova, Yanick J. Crow, Russell C. Dale, Karen L. Durrant, Despina Eleftheriou, Elisa M. Fazzi, Marco Gattorno, Francesco Gavazzi, Eric P. Hanson, Min Ae Lee-Kirsch, Gina A. Montealegre Sanchez, Bénédicte Neven, Simona Orcesi, Seza Ozen, M. Cecilia Poli, Elliot Schumacher, Davide Tonduti, Katsiaryna Uss, Daniel Aletaha, Brian M. Feldman

Paediatrics Publications

Objective: Autoinflammatory type I interferonopathies, chronic atypical neutrophilic dermatosis with lipodystrophy and elevated temperature/proteasome-associated autoinflammatory syndrome (CANDLE/PRAAS), stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) and Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) are rare and clinically complex immunodysregulatory diseases. With emerging knowledge of genetic causes and targeted treatments, a Task Force was charged with the development of 'points to consider' to improve diagnosis, treatment and long-term monitoring of patients with these rare diseases. Methods: Members of a Task Force consisting of rheumatologists, neurologists, an immunologist, geneticists, patient advocates and an allied healthcare professional formulated research questions for a systematic literature …

Concordance Of Regional Hypoperfusion By Pcasl Mri And 15O-Water Pet In Frontotemporal Dementia: Is Pcasl An Efficacious Alternative?, Tracy Ssali, Lucas Narciso, Justin Hicks, Linshan Liu, Sarah Jesso, Lauryn Richardson, Matthias Günther, Simon Konstandin, Klaus Eickel, Frank Prato, Udunna C. Anazodo, Elizabeth Finger, Keith St Lawrence

Paediatrics Publications

Background: Clinical diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) remains a challenge due to the overlap of symptoms among FTD subtypes and with other psychiatric disorders. Perfusion imaging by arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a promising non-invasive alternative to established PET techniques; however, its sensitivity to imaging parameters can hinder its ability to detect perfusion abnormalities. Purpose: This study evaluated the similarity of regional hypoperfusion patterns detected by ASL relative to the gold standard for imaging perfusion, PET with radiolabeled water (15O-water). Methods and materials: Perfusion by single-delay pseudo continuous ASL (SD-pCASL), free-lunch Hadamard encoded pCASL (FL_TE-pCASL), and 15O-water data were acquired …

Radiation Exposure Determination In A Secure, Cloudbased Online Environment, Ben C. Shirley, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Joan H.M. Knoll, Peter Rogan

Biochemistry Publications

Rapid sample processing and interpretation of estimated exposures will be critical for triaging exposed individuals after a major radiation incident. The dicentric chromosome (DC) assay assesses absorbed radiation using metaphase cells from blood. The Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identifier and Dose Estimator System (ADCI) identifies DCs and determines radiation doses. This study aimed to broaden accessibility and speed of this system, while protecting data and software integrity. ADCI Online is a secure web-streaming platform accessible worldwide from local servers. Cloud-based systems containing data and software are separated until they are linked for radiation exposure estimation. Dose estimates are identical to ADCI …

January 2022, New England Osteopathic Heritage Center

New England Osteopathic Heritage Center Newsletter

New England Osteopathic Heritage Center's annual newsletter for January 2022

Early Cognitive Predictors Of Language, Reading, And Mathematics Outcomes In The Primary Grades, Theresa Pham, Marc F. Joanisse, Daniel Ansari, Janis Oram, Christine Stager, Lisa Archibald

Data and Test Instruments

Recently, cross-domain research has shown that some early predictors of language, reading, and mathematics overlap and predict one another. This study investigated how early cognitive predictors across domains could predict future academic skills across domains using data from 563 students in kindergarten to second grade (ages 5 to 8; 288 males; largely monolingual English). The roles of verbal, symbolic, and magnitude comparison skills as predictors of later academic grades for various language and math subjects were examined. Results found that Grade 1 marks were predicted by kindergarten verbal and symbolic skills, while Grade 2 marks were predicted by verbal skills …

Characterizing Mental Health Related Service Contacts In Children And Youth: A Linkage Study Of Health Survey And Administrative Data, Kelly Anderson, Jordan Edwards, Lin Wang, Laura Duncan, Jinette Comeau, Katholiki Georgiades

Data and Test Instruments

No abstract provided.

Dermatologic Manifestations Of Rheumatic Disease: Cutaneous Manifestations Of Sarcoidosis, Sarah Shapiro, Sindhuja Koppu, Mavra Masood, Beth Rubinstein, Huzaefah Syed

Open and Affordable Course Content at VCU

No abstract provided.

2022 Location Report, The Office Of Program Evaluation, Education And Research At The University Of New Mexico (Unm) School Of Medicine

University of New Mexico School of Medicine Location Report

No abstract provided.

Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measures: A Systematic Review, Janice Brown, Jordan Ng, Reilly Todd, Alyssa Vo

Occupational Therapy | Graduate Student Research Posters

In collaboration with SFSU/UCSF Physical Therapy and Dominican University of California Occupational Therapy, this systematic review took a critical look at the pediatric stroke outcome measures in the current literature. By ascertaining what is currently in place,

occupational therapists as members of the interprofessional team, can better advocate for occupation centered outcome measures in research and clinical care for children and families who have experienced pediatric stroke.

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Staging May Influence Management In Users: A Survey Study., Vishal A. Patel, Catherine Mccullum, Andrew D. Sparks, Chrysalyne D Schmults, Sarah T Arron, Anokhi Jambusaria-Pahlajani

Dermatology Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: This study aims to determine whether there is consensus regarding staging and management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) across the various specialties that manage this disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey regarding CSCC high-risk features, staging, and management was created and emailed to cutaneous oncology experts including dermatology, head and neck surgery/surgical oncology, radiation oncology, and medical oncology.

RESULTS: One hundred fifty-six (46%) of 357 invited physicians completed the survey. Depth of invasion (92%), perineural invasion (99%), histologic differentiation (85%), and patient immunosuppression (90%) achieved consensus (>80%) as high-risk features of CSCC. Dermatologists were more likely to …

Comparison Of Landing Biomechanics Between Different Competitive Levels Of Irish Dance, Jade Shields

West Chester University Master’s Theses

Abstract

Objectives: To determine differences in lower limb landing biomechanics and lower extremity function scale scores between champion levels, in young female Irish dancers.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: McDade-Cara School of Irish Dance

Participants: 12 Open Champion (OC) level female Irish dancers (11.9 ± 3.37 years) and 9 Preliminary Champion (PC) Irish dancers (13.5 ± 3.37 years) performed the landing error scoring system test (LESS), and completed the lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) and a descriptive data questionnaire

Main outcome measures: LESS scoring sheet and LEFS PRO

Results: No significant differences found between OC and PC levels on …

Graduate Medical Education Annual Report 2021-2022, Children's Mercy Kansas City

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

Improving Utilization Of Palliative Care For Heart Failure Patients, Devin Tilley

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

The purpose of this program was to educate providers regarding palliative care for heart failure patients. Palliative care is underutilized in conjunction with usual heart failure management despite proven benefits of decreased symptom burden, reduced hospitalizations, and improved overall quality of life. Provider education has the ability to improve provider knowledge of palliative care for heart failure patients. A brief education session was given to hospital providers in an acute care setting to evaluate the benefits of provider education on palliative care utilization for heart failure patients. Findings included improved provider confidence in referring heart failure patients to palliative care. …

Minimal Residual Disease In Multiple Myeloma: Potential For Blood-Based Methods To Monitor Disease, Aisling O'Brien, Fiona O'Halloran, Vitaliy Mykytiv

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

In recent years, the life expectancy of Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients has substantially improved, but this cancer remains incurable with increasing incidence in the developed world. Most MM patients will eventually relapse due to residual drug-resistant cancerous cells that survive treatment, commonly referred to as minimal residual disease (MRD). Methods to improve MRD detection in MM patients are generating considerable interest as a means of monitoring patients' response to treatment. In clinical laboratories, these methods currently require bone marrow aspirates which are invasive and frequently miss detection of localised disease due to the spatial heterogeneity of disease infiltration. By simplifying …

Socioeconomic Determinants Of Antibiotic Resistance, Kausar Jama

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Antibiotics were first developed to treat wounded soldiers and cases of pneumonia in World War II. By the 1940s, antibiotics became widely used to treat several infectious processes. It was not long after antibiotics were being used frequently by clinicians that resistant strains began to emerge. Today, antibiotic resistance is a growing global health concern seen in many parts of the world. There are many factors that contribute to the prevalence of antibiotic resistance.

Purpose: This paper aims to demonstrate how socioeconomic factors play a role in the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. The literature review …

Intermittent Fasting And Reduction Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Ethan Dekam

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Cardiovascular disease remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Intermittent fasting is a unique intervention that is beginning to be studied more extensively for weight loss, positive alterations in serum lipid profile, and improvement of insulin resistance which are all modifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease.

Purpose: The research question at the center of this literature review is: does the addition of intermittent fasting reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease? The reduction of cardiovascular disease was studied through alterations in weight, cholesterol, and diabetic labs.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review …

A Role For Cox Inhibition In The Prevention Of Progression Of Barrett’S Esophagus To Esophageal Adenocarcinoma, John Speakman

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Barrett’s esophagus is the most significant predictor of the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The current treatment recommendation is a proton pump inhibitor to control acid reflux, yet there remains a significant number of individuals who progress to cancer. More can be done to prevent this progression.

Purpose: To this end, this paper seeks to answer the following PICO question: P: Patients with Barrett’s esophagus not yet esophageal adenocarcinoma; I: Standard PPI treatment with the addition of Aspirin; C: Standard PPI treatment only; O: Prevention of progression of Barrett’s esophagus to esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Methods: A comprehensive literature …

Does Probiotic Supplementation Improve Depression/Anxiety Outcome Measures?, Kathryn M. Decleene

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Depression and anxiety continue to be a healthcare burden worldwide. Current depression and anxiety treatments include medications and psychotherapy; however, for many patients this is not enough. Literature has recently come out detailing the gut-brain axis and its potential impact on mental health.

Purpose: This literature review sought to answer the question if probiotics could play a role in the treatment of depression and anxiety. Specifically, does supplementation with a probiotic improve clinical outcome measures of depression, anxiety, or both? Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar using the search terms probiotics, …

Lower Extremity Risk Assessment In Athletes Following A Traumatic Brain Injury, Carlos D. Villalpando

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Concussions are a major health disorder. Continued research regarding the impact of concussions on athletes has led to an increased risk for lower extremity injury across a variety of populations following head trauma. Guidelines from the CDC use a self-reported symptom and cognitive examination for return to play.

Purpose: Current recommended guidelines increase the risk of lower extremity injury due to failure of identifying neurological deficits that persist following a concussion. This literature review aims to identify if athletes diagnosed with a concussion are at an increased risk …

Lowering Depression Symptoms In Adults: Exploring Nonpharmacologic/Non-Talk Therapy Based Approaches, Alyssa A. Raiolo

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Depression has a high prevalence, affecting more than 300 million people worldwide.1 Antidepressants and talk therapy are the current mainstays for treatment. Given the high prevalence of depression, there is value in the research regarding further treatment options.

Purpose: A literature review of studies exploring additional treatment modalities to lower depression symptoms in adults.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using with the search terms <(adults) AND (depression, low mood, mental health) AND (pharmacologic, SSRI, SNRI) OR ( physical activity, fitness, exercise), OR (time outdoors, UV exposure, phototherapy) OR (non-talk therapy)>. Inclusion criteria were studies that were published from 2015 to the present. Exclusion criteria were studies not in English.

Conclusions: Aside from the currently recommended approaches to treating …

Sound And Silence For Patients With Dementia, Jess Porteous

Theses and Graduate Projects

Dementia, a condition that causes cognitive and physical impairments in the aging population, is becoming a global health issue as life expectancy continues to rise. Ineffective and inhumane interventions, such as physical and chemical restraints, are often used in acute hospitalizations due to safety concerns stemming from behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. Nurses often feel overwhelmed by the complex needs of patients with dementia and may suffer from moral injury while trying to care for them with limited interventions. Fortunately, integrative therapies such as mindfulness meditation, energy therapies, and sound healing, show promising results for patients with dementia. Resonant …