Medical Specialties Commons^™

The Role Of Selected Intrapsychic Factors In Alpine Skiing Instruction, Krzysztof Makowski, Piotr Aschenbrenner, Bartosz Krawczynski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This research was aimed at describing the influence of selected intrapsychic factors related to “low” and “high” mountain conditions upon the efficiency of alpine skiing instruction. Material/Methods: Research participants were 48 people without skiing skills. Altitudes from 770 to 1,741 metres above sea level were chosen for “high” groups. A STAI questionnaire was chosen in order to carry out the research. The skiing level achieved by the end of the instruction was assessed expertly with the three essential evolutions, i.e. ploughing curves, slanting slide, and half-ploughing turn, taken into consideration. Results: The anxiety level after the instruction of the …

Corrective Gymnastics And Motor Skills Of Fiveand Six-Year-Old Children, Magdalena Rokicka-Hebel

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate motor skills of children participating and not participating in corrective gymnastics activities. It has been assumed that children participating in additional physical activities conducted in nursery school have better motor skills than those staying out of this type of activities. Material/Methods: Tests were carried out in two stages. For quantitative research a questionnaire was conducted among headmasters of nursery schools in Gdansk. The qualitative and quantitative research involved: observation, document analysis, tests of educational performance verifying the level of motor skills. A total of 286 five- and six-year-old children were recruited …

Assessment Of The Impact Of One-Year Training In Acrobatic Rock’N’Roll On Overall Motor Coordination In Eight-Year-Old Children, Robert Walaszek, Tomasz Nosal

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of the research was to assess the level of overall motor coordination in children practising sport dance – namely, acrobatic rock’n’roll – against the background of their peers who did not dance. The evaluation also included the lateral differentiation of overall motor coordination and skills of kinaesthetic movement differentiation. Material/Methods: The research was conducted in a group of 64 persons aged eight. The research group consisted of thirty children who had practised acrobatic rock’n’roll for a year. The clinical control group was formed by nineteen schoolgirls and fifteen schoolboys who did not practise any sport dance. The …

The Method Of Goalkeeper’S Evaluation In Futsal, Andrzej Szwarc, Mateusz Oszmaniec, Patrycja Lipinska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to develop a research tool used to assess the efficiency a goalkeeper’s actions in a game of futsal. Material/Methods: Author’s own proposal of an observation sheet was created and subject to a validation procedure. To assess intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability, the ICC test was used. Results: There was a strong compatibility of ratings of the intra-rater reliability – 1.00 (95% Cl 1.00-1.00) and the inter-rater reliability – 0.99 (95% CI 0.99-1.00), which proves the reliability of the proposed research tool. Conclusions: The developed sheet allows the registration and evaluation of individual performance …

The Effect Of A 6-Week Plyometric Training On Explosive Power In Volleyball Players, Zbigniew Jastrzbeski, Krzysztof Wnorowski, Ryszard Mikolajewski, Ewelina Jaskulska, Lukasz Radziminski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of a six-week plyometric high and low-intensity training on the explosive power of lower limbs in volleyball players. Material/Methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 30 volunteers of the Sports Club at Gdansk University of Technology in Gdansk. Before the experiment, the players were divided into two homogeneous groups. After two weeks of an introductory common stage, each group followed a plyometric regime of different intensity. The results showed that the high-intensity program was more efficient than the low-intensity program in developing the explosive power in …

Changes In The Group’S Social Structure In Mountain Tourism, Gheorghe Lucaciu, Marius Alin Marinau, Mirela Stef, Paul Florian Dragos

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Mountain tourism implies specific aspects in contrast to other components of physical education and sport, by the vast scope and accessibility regardless of physical condition, age and skills or similarities with everyday life activities. We hypothesized that the joint activities, cooperation, interaction and direct communication with the natural and social environment will result in a better understanding of oneself and partners, placing the group structure on real bases, prompting avoidance of possible malfunctions in the subsequent group activity. Material/Methods: Subjects of this sociological research were 48 first-year students, participating in “Mountain tourism and sport orientation” (26 males and 22 …

Study Regarding The Role Of Motivation In The Sport Performance Activities, Paul Florian Dragos

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: What does it mean to be motivated? This is a question often formulated by psychologists and other researchers of human behavior. However it is a question which interests more or less managers and coaches, but the produced effects can be determinative for the activity of sports performance at all levels. Material/Methods: The present work aims to analyze the measurements in which the actions connected to athletes’ motivation , undertaken by sports organizations, influence and support their activities in order to increase performance. For this purpose we used the literature survey, a questionnaire, data analysis and data processing. This research …

Motivations For Undertaking Physical Activity By First-Year Students Of Faculty Of Physical Education In 2000 And 2010, Alicja Nowak-Zaleska, Ryszard Zaleski, Barbara Wilk, Anna Walentukiewicz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: During the last several years, diametrical difference in attitude to physical activity in youth has been noticed. Engagement in any form of physical activity always goes together with motivation for its undertaking, most often connected with realization of personal expectations. Its sources are perceived, among others, in interior factors, such as: joy resulting from participation in physical activity itself, personal achievements, and pleasure of finding release in movement or social contacts, e.g. spending time with friends. The present paper attempts to assess the motivation for additional physical activity undertaken by first-year students of the Faculty of Physical Education at …

Motivations And Effects Of Practicing Nordic Walking By Elderly People, Andrzej Knapik, Edward Saulicz, Andrzej Mysliwiec, Mariola Saulicz, Aneta Warmuz-Wancisiewicz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: As a result of numerous advantages of Nordic Walking such as the movement simplicity, its affordability and availability for people of various ages and with different levels of fitness, this relatively young physical activity has been developing remarkably for several years. It has the potential of increasing physical activity among elderly people. Defining to what extent practicing Nordic Walking (NW) influences the general level of physical activity and the quality of life of elderly people. Material/Methods: 161 people were examined (93 women and 68 men) at the age of 60 or above. In this group 48 practised NW: 33 …

Daily Step Counts And Selected Biological And Psychological Variables In 16-18-Year-Old Girls, Adam Kantanista, Pawel Lisowski, Agata Glapa

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of steps a day and biological (body fat, lean body mass, BMI and estimated VO2 max) and psychological (self-efficacy, enjoyment of PA and self-perception of body image) factors in 16-18-year-old girls. Material/Methods: The study included data from 60 girls, aged 16-18. Voluntary participants were selected from a public high school in Poland. Number of steps was measured with a pedometer Yamax Digi-Walker, model SW 701, during 7 days. Girls were classified into three groups: low active, slightly active and active (5,000-7,499; 7,500-9,999; ≥ 10,000 steps/day, respectively). …

Changes In Maximal Aerobic Fitness And Students’ Attitude Towards Physical Effort During Outdoor And Indoor School Lessons Of Physical Education, Marcin Pasek, Monika Michalowska-Sawczyn, Alicja Nowak-Zaleska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of the research was to determine an influence of an increased number of outdoor lessons of Physical Education on aerobic fitness and to evaluate students’ attitude towards endurance efforts. Material/Methods: In the presented research project a group of students participated in a school program of Physical Education on the basis of a higher number of lessons realized in the natural environment in the vicinity of school. The subjects were a group of 220 students from 4 schools of the Pomeranian Voivodeship, who were subjected to initial and final measurements during two school years. The most important assumption …

Influence Of Strength, Endurance And Concurrent Training On The Lipid Profile And Blood Testosterone And Cortisol Response In Young Male Wrestlers, Seyed Javad Mirghani, Hamid Agha Alinejad, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Ahmad Mazidi, Seyed Ali Mirghani

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: There is little information regarding the effects of concurrent training (endurance and resistance training) on the fat profile, blood testosterone and cortisol response. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of concurrent training on the fat profile, blood testosterone and cortisol response in young male wrestlers. Material/Methods: Twenty-four young male wrestlers voluntarily participated and were randomly assigned to three groups, namely: endurance training (ET, N=8), strength training (ST, N=8) and concurrent training (CT, N=8). The groups did their training programs three sessions per week. Results: The findings of this study showed that high-density …

An Assessment Of A Volleyball Player’S Loads In A Match On The Basis Of The Number And Height Of Jumps Measured In Real-Time Conditions, Krzysztof Wnorowski, Piotr Aschenbrenner, Jerzy Skrobecki, Mirella Stech

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The value of volleyball players’ reach is often critical to their efficient functioning in the game. It depends on the jumping ability factor and the player’s body build. An analysis of this parameter is particularly difficult to carry out in real conditions of the game. The objective of the research was to determine the height of reach in basic technical and tactical actions of leading Polish volleyball players during a match in regard to their maximum values measured in laboratory conditions. Material/Methods: The study involved five volleyball players, Polish representatives of different specialization in the game: the attacker, the …

Religiousness And Health Locus Of Control In Polish Physical Education Students, Monika Guszkowska, Anna Kuk

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this research was to determine relationships between religious commitment and health locus of control (HLC) for the group of students of the University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Poland, including gender and study faculty differences. Material/Methods: Full-time students (n = 247) of the Warsaw University of Physical Education were investigated. Religious Commitment Scale (RCS) and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) were used. Results: Few and weak relationships between religious commitment and health locus of control were found; they were stronger within the group of male and physical education students. Cluster analysis by the Ward …

Differences In Bioelectrical Activity Of Quadriceps Muscle During Various Types Of Contraction, Bartlomiej Niespodzinski, Malgorzata Lukowicz, Jan Mieszkowski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of the study was to estimate differences in bioelectrical activity between rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles of each lower limb. Material/Methods: 29 female and 18 male adult subjects participated in the study. Each subject performed the following quadriceps contractions with each lower limb: concentric, isometric, eccentric and 30-sec. long maximal voluntary isometric contraction. 3 parameters were obtained in surface electromyography (SEMG): mean RMS amplitude (RMS), mean percentage value of maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC) and mean frequency (MF). Results: RF occurred to have a lower percentage activity (-28.43%) and absolute amplitude (-36.57%) value than VM …

Generic Versus Specific Sprint Training In Young Soccer Players, Zbigniew Jastrzebski, Lukasz Radziminski, Robert Dargiewicz, Ewelina Jaskulska, Wojciech Barnat, Pawel Rompa

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of two 8-week sprint training programs on the speed and sport-specific skills of young soccer players and to determine additional effects of 8 weeks’ whole body rotation. Material/Methods: Twenty-two Under-18 soccer players were divided into two groups: a running group (RG) and a ball group (BG). The RG completed sprint training without the ball, whereas the BG members trained with the ball. The 5-, 10-, 15-, 20- and 30-m sprint times and the level of soccer-specific skills were measured before and after completing the training programs. Results: A significant …

Kinematic Analysis As A Part Of Objective Method Of Functional Classification In Disability Swimming – Pilot Studies, Alicja K. Dziuba, Agata Kolodziej, Anna Zurowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: A new functional classification system (FCS) of disability swimming is based only on functional abilities in water. The aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility of kinematic analysis to supplement the FCS. Material/Methods: The investigations were carried out during the Polish Winter Disability Swimming Championships in 2008 and involved recording the results of the 100 m freestyle swimming event. Participants included 10 women and 11 men aged 21.7 ± 6.6. Results: The averages and standard deviations (SD) of stroke length (SL), stroke rate (SR), clean swimming speed (CSS) and stroke efficiency index (SI) were calculated. There is …

The Influence Of Lower Extremity Coronal Plane Movements On The Passive Regulation Of Instantaneous Loading Mechanics During Running, Jonathan Kenneth Sinclair, Paul John Taylor, Sarah Jane Hobbs

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The repetitive transmission of impact forces may contribute to the aetiology of overuse injuries. Therefore determining the mechanisms that regulate impact loading has potential clinical significance. This study aimed to determine the influence of lower extremity coronal plane kinematics on the regulation of impact loading during running. Material/Methods: Thirty-six participants ran at 4.0 m.s-1striking the centre of a piezoelectric force platform with their dominant limb. Coronal plane angular kinematics about the hip, knee and ankle joints were measured using an eight-camera motion analysis system operating at 250 Hz. Regression analyses with instantaneous loading rate magnitude as a criterion were …

Functional Conditions Of Three-Dimensional Correction Of Side Curvatures Of The Spine, Andrzej Suchanowski, Andrzej Stolarz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This paper sets out to present theoretical and methodological premises for the therapeutic mode of conduct which utilizes FED and PNF improvement methods complemented by introduction of correctional re-education basing on the biofeedback mechanism. Material/Methods: Authors develop and present an original mode of treatment of children with the SCS, which can be divided into the following stages and targets: 1. Elimination of biomechanical pathologies of the passive stabilizing. 2. Restoration of the structure and function of local muscles and balance among muscles from the first and second reference arrangement and structures around the spine, both on the concave and …

The Somatic Physique Versus The Sports Result Of Tennis Players Of The Pupils’ Sports Club “Return” Lomza, Poland, Kazimierz Kochanowicz, Tomasz Waldzinski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Individuals who take up professional sport must comply with requirements dependent on the character of the discipline. The requirements refer to motor skills, mental state and somatic physique. A lot of authors claim that somatic physique in tennis is a factor which helps to achieve the highest sports results. Superiority of arms range in the attacking zone makes a game easier for tall players who are more effective in offensive actions as well. The purpose of the research was to estimate the somatic physique of children and youth who play tennis in the Pupils’ Sports Club “Return” Lomza. Material/Methods: …

Physical Fitness And Selected Parameters Of The Respiratory System And Other Somatic Components Among 12-Year-Old Children, Marcin Pasek, Janusz Jerzemowski

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of the study was to present components of fitness and body composition and to determine the correlation between parameters of biological development in a group of schoolchildren. Material/Methods: Analysis of somatic features of 12-year-old children, of both sexes, from the Pomeranian province in Poland (99 boys and 96 girls) included basic parameters of the respiratory system, body fat, height and body weight. Functional indicators, i.e. components of motor abilities, have been tested. Results: Boys had significantly better results of endurance and jumping ability, and girls dominated in flexibility and somatic components like height, weight and skinfold thickness …

Physical Activity And Bmi In Students Beginning Their Studies At The Gdansk University Of Physical Education And Sport In The Academic Year 1999/2000 And 2009/2010, Alicja Nowak-Zaleska, Ryszard Zaleski, Barbara Wilk, Anna Walentukiewicz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of the study was to assess physical activity undertaken by the students of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport in Gdansk, Poland (AWFiS) in their free time in the academic year 1999/2000 and 2009/2010 and the direction of changes in this scope. Material/Methods: Students at the Faculty of Physical Education at AWFiS were subject to research in the academic years 1999/2000 and 2009/2010. 639 students were examined (42% women, 58% men). The research was based on a diagnostic survey with an author’s own questionnaire containing questions from the scope of physical activity and participation in its …

Efficacy And Safety Of Direct Oral Anticoagulants With And Without Aspirin: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Talal Almas, Adeena Musheer, Arooba Ejaz, Fahd Niaz Shaikh, Anousheh Awais Paracha, Fizza Raza, Maryam Sarwar Khan, Fahad Masood, Faiza Siddiqui, Muhammad Hasnain Mankani

Medical College Documents

Background: Various anticoagulant therapies are prescribed to patients under physicians' discretion and recently Direct Oral Anticoagulants(DOAC) have been under trials to evaluate their safety and efficacy. In addition to this, the regimen of DOACs and Aspirin is of keen interest as researchers continue to find an optimal regimen to treat blood clots in patients. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies that asses the safety and efficacy of DOAC with and without Aspirin.
Methods: We queried MEDLINE and Cochrane CENTRAL from their inception to April 2021, for published and randomized controlled …

Anti-Tumor Activity Of Cetuximab Plus Avelumab In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Involves Innate Immunity Activation: Findings From The Cave-Lung Trial, Carminia Maria Della Corte, Morena Fasano, Vincenza Ciaramella, Flora Cimmino, Robert Cardnell, Carl M Gay, Kavya Ramkumar, Lixia Diao, Raimondo Di Liello, Giuseppe Viscardi, Vincenzo Famiglietti, Davide Ciardiello, Giulia Martini, Stefania Napolitano, Concetta Tuccillo, Teresa Troiani, Erika Martinelli, Jing Wang, Lauren Byers, Floriana Morgillo, Fortunato Ciardiello

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: We recently conducted Cetuximab-AVElumab-Lung (CAVE-Lung), a proof-of-concept, translational and clinical trial, to evaluate the combination of two IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (mAb): avelumab, an anti-PD-L1 drug, and cetuximab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) drug, as second- or third-line treatment in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We have reported clinically relevant anti-tumor activity in 6/16 patients. Clinical benefit was accompanied by Natural Killer (NK) cell-mediated antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). Among the 6 responding patients, 3 had progressed after initial response to a previous treatment with single agent anti-PD-1, nivolumab or pembrolizumab.

METHODS: We report long-term clinical follow-up and additional …

Gender Inequalities In Polish And International Sports Organisations, Zbigniew Dziubinski, Natalia Organista

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this article is to check whether gender inequalities occur in Polish sports organisations and what the scale of those inequalities is in comparison to international organisations. Other aims relate to verification whether there exists a policy to align these inequalities: provisions prohibiting discrimination due to gender, rules and regulations providing women with a specified number of seats in the crucial positions of the organisation and activity of women’s sports committees. Material/Methods: The study used methods characteristic of sociology, especially methods of examining official documents: on the one hand, information generated by other empirical data from official …

Methods To Encourage Healthy Eating In Children: Review Of Current Findings, Reda Moceviciene, Apolinaras Zaborskis

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Healthy eating, especially fruit and vegetable consumption, is a major contributor to the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. The multiple benefits of healthy food and nutrition in childhood and adolescence reinforce the need for studies encouraging young people to healthy nutrition. The present review increases understanding of what methods (interventions) should be performed to encourage healthy eating in children and adolescents. Material/Methods: A scientific literature review of Medline (Pubmed) database was performed, a total of 615 publications were found. Of these, only 15 papers were selected for the analysis. Results: The multi-component interventions (encouraging of fruit and vegetable consumption …

Factors Affecting Recreational Activity Of Young People From Secondary Schools, Agnieszka Wartecka-Wazynska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The paper discusses factors which determine young people’s recreational activity in their leisure time. Learning about the factors of recreational activity will support efficient promotion of active lifestyles, improvement in health condition and education of young people, and participation in different forms of recreation. Material/Methods: In order to conclude on the statistical significance of the relationships and the strength of correlation between the variables, the author used Pearson's chi-square test for independence and Cramer's V coefficient. The research hypothesis was tested at two levels: α = 0.01 (denoted in the paper as **) and α = 0.05 (denoted in …

Acute Effects Of Light Exercise On Subjectively Experienced Well-Being: Benefits In Only Three Minutes, Attila Szabo, Zoltan Gaspar, Julia Abraham

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: In the context of sedentary lifestyle as a major contemporary health issue, this study examined how an ultra brief exercise bout affects perceived subjective well-being. Material/Methods: Two studies were conducted. In the first study, young participants performed light exercises for 3-minutes. The second study replicated the first, but a sitting-quietly control group was also included to account for possible habituation or order effects. On a single item 10-point Likert scale, conceptualized as core affect, participants rated their well-being immediately before and after the exercise bouts and rest, respectively. Results: In both studies the exercise triggered statistically significant (p < .001) improvement in the perceived well-being (effect sizes (d) = .62 in Study I, and d = .75 in Study II), while no statistically significant change was noted in the control group. Conclusions: These findings are the first ever in the scholastic literature to demonstrate that only 3 minutes of light exercises could trigger subjective experience of improved well-being. The practical implication of these findings is that an instant boost in subjective feeling states can be achieved through very short, light, and undemanding exercises that could be repeated several times a day in different life settings.

Characteristics Of Technical-Tactical Preparation Of Russian Men’S Judo Representation During The Olympic Games In London In 2012, Marek Adam, Beata Wolska, Piotr Klimowicz, Miroslaw Smaruj

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the value of indices of tactical and technical preparation (PTT) of Russian judo athletes during the Olympic Games in London. The values of these indices may designate the direction of activity in the process of special preparation and in the search for factors to optimize training before the main competitions. Material/Methods: During the Olympic Games in London in 2012, Russian judo representatives fought 31 fights. A multiple analysis of video footage and graphic registration allowed marking 423 technical attacks (including 24 efficient attacks) of the representatives of Russia and 384 attacks …

Plantar Pressure Distribution In Ice Skates While Gliding And Standing Compared To Barefoot And Trainer Conditions, Andrew Greenhalgh, Faye Chatterly, Cheryl Blewitt, Jonathan Sinclair, Nachiappan Chockalingam

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to identify whether there are differences between plantar pressure distributions experienced whilst wearing ice skates during ice-gliding, compared to standing whilst barefoot, wearing trainers and wearing ice skates. The results of this study aim to provide a greater understanding of the distribution of the pressure through the ice skate to the human musculoskeletal system. Material/Methods: Nine female participants were recruited for this study (age 36.6 years ± 15.3, mass 63.7kg ± 7.4 height 1.63m ± 4.1). Pressure applied to the plantar surface of the feet was recorded at 50Hz using an F-Scan sensor. …