Medical Specialties Commons^™

Left Atrial Appendage Printing Process, Areli Reyes, Brandon James Mukai, Mia Noelle Von Knorring

Biomedical Engineering

The left atrial appendage senior design team aims to assist in closing off the left atrial appendage that is susceptible to coagulation due to non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Coagulation in the left atrial appendage (LAA) can be life threatening as it can lead to a stroke. Dr. Chris Porterfield performs a procedure that uses the Boston Scientific Watchman to close the appendage. He finds that sizing the Watchman properly is difficult with limited visuals from live CT scans. He proposed converting the CT scans into a 3D printed model of the left atrial appendage and left atrium so he can visually …

Prediction Of Cognitive And Intellectual Competence In Kindergarten Schools Associated With General Measures Of Health: A Study On Children With Age Ranges Between 4 To 7 Years, Abeer Musaddiq, Yusra Saleem, Muhammad Bilal Siddiqui, Shamoon Noushad, Sadaf Ahmed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

BACKGROUND Stunting refers to the low “height-for-age” measurement. Literature suggests that it is associated with delayed or diminished physical development, cognition and intellectual abilities. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the physical growth measures among children under 4 to 7 years of age and to determine its relationship with cognitive deficits & intellectual performances.

Chikungunya Encephalitis: Usual Presentation At An Unusual Time. A Case Report, Muhammad Owais Hashmat, Dureshahwar Kanwar, Iffat Khanum Khanum

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

CHIK is an arboviral infection caused by chikungunya virus transmitted by Aedes mosquito worldwide. It usually manifests as a self-limiting acute febrile illness with rash, body ache and severe polyarthralgia; in some patients, symptoms persist up to months or even years. Neurological manifestations are relatively uncommon. In recent years Pakistan and other South East Asian countries have been hit several times by its epidemics1. We report a case of a middle-aged male who presented in our hospital with acute febrile illness along with neurological manifestations. Extensive laboratory investigations were done and he was diagnosed with seropositive CHIKV. He was treated …

Patterns Of Eeg(Electroencephalogram) Findings In Patients With Neurological Disorders, Saba Zaidi, Amsa Khan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

OBJECTIVE: To study the patterns of EEG in patients with neurological disorders BACKGROUND: EEG is still relevant in the diagnosis and management of patients with seizure disorders and extends to other neurological conditions, however local data is limited

Myotonic Dystrophy In A Pakistani Family: A Case Series And Literature Review, Waleed Shahzad, Muhammad Hassan, Mazhar Badshah, Haris Majid Rajput, Zakir Jan, Tehmina Inayat

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Myotonic dystrophy also known as (Steinert's disease) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous multisystem disorder with a prevalence of 1 in 8000 in the general population. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by myotonia, myopathy of voluntary and involuntary muscles, frontal baldness in men, cardiac conduction abnormalities, cataracts, intellectual deterioration and endocrinopathies. Affected men may have gonadal atrophy and infertility. On the other hand women are generally fertile. We report a case series of three individuals belonging to the same family presenting with characteristic features of myotonic dystrophy. The presentation of these cases depicts that …

Cutaneous Allodynia In Migraine, Dr. Ghulam Shabbir, Dr. Haris Majid Rajput, Dr. Zakir Jan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

OBJECTIVE: Objective of this study is to find out the presence and severity of cutaneous allodynia in migraine sufferers. BACKGROUND: Cutaneous allodynia is the perception of pain in response to non noxious stimuli. It occurs due to repeated stimulations that lead to sensitization and abnormal skin response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a descriptive case study and conducted at Neurology department Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences from June 2017 to May 2018. All patients of both genders above age 13 years of age with migraine diagnosed as having “Migraine without aura” or “Migraine with aura” according to the International Headache …

Distance Learning For Neurology: Experiences From Mini-Fellowship In Movement Disorders., Danish Bhatti, John Bertoni

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Sub-speciality training in neurology is not available in Pakistan given lack of trained supervising faculty. Developing trained supervisors by sending faculty abroad for formal fellowships is too slow, resource intense and subject to attrition or brain-drain. Web-based learning methods have been used effectively in training in medicine. Meta-analysis of 201 eligible studies showed large positive effects of E-learning in health professionals compared with no interventions1. There are highly qualified academic neurologists available in developed countries of Pakistani origin providing opportunity to bridge the gap and transfer skills.

Memory And Cognitive Flexibility In Physical Therapy Students Of Karachi, Sonya Arshad, Muhammad Faisal Qureshi, Syed Hasan Abbas Rizvi, Javeria Rizvi, Kanza Imtiaz, Kisa Hussain Rizvi, Khushbakht Ahmed, Khola Noman, Vishal Kumar

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Memory allows us to remember the skills that we have learnt and retrieve valuable information stored in the brain. Physical therapy is a multidimensional profession which demands efficient cognitive flexibility and decision-making skills with an excellent memory to help the therapist to multi-task.

Covid-19 Infection; Loss Of Taste, Smell, And Neurogenic Respiratory Failure, Abdul Mannan Baig, Mohammad Wasay

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Neurological Signs and Symptoms in COVID-19: Like the rest of the world, Pakistan is been gripped by unprecedented and complex burden of COVID-19. While the diseases got upgraded to a pandemic, the preparedness of even the first world countries to combat COVID-19 is distressing, as there seems to be a lack of clear strategy to tackle the disease spread and treatment.

Early Outcome Of Tricuspid Repair For Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation Associated With Left-Sided Valve Lesions: Modified Flexible Band Versus Ring Annuloplasty, Ahmed S. Ali

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Repairing functional tricuspid regurge during left heart valve surgery in not uncommon. However, the technique of choice to achieve long-term results is still controversial. Although the DeVega technique was widely used, most surgeons have shifted to annuloplasty bands or rings to avoid early high failure rates and increased incidence of recurrent significant regurge. Objective To compare short-term results (1 year) of flexible band as a piece of tube graft (polytetraflouroethylene) annuloplasty versus ring annuloplasty for functional tricuspid regurge associated with left-side valve lesions. Patients and methods We prospectively studied 100 patients who underwent tricuspid repair during left-sided valve surgery …

Safety Of Transradial Compaired To Transfemoral Approach In Interventional Cardiology, Hossam B. Kashlon, Mamdouh Maher

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background The femoral approach has been preferably used to access in interventional cardiology, being perceived as easy and facilitating quick access with relatively low risk. In the hands of experienced operators and high-volume centers, the radial approach offers improved patient comfort, decreased access-site complications, and decreased costs without compromising procedural success on long-term outcomes. Patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, in particular, benefit from a transradial approach to coronary intervention. Owing to the results of the latest studies, the radial approach has become increasingly popular. Radial access is known to have a steep learning curve. The effect of this results …

Erratum: Implementation Of Ventilator Bundle For Prevention Of Ventilator‑Associated Pneumonia In Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Alsoda Mf, Al‑Shahat Mm, Reda Sm, Alsawah Ay, Abboud Ma, Elgendy A, Hamouda Eid Ali Youssef El Gazzar

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

In the article titled "Implementation of ventilator bundle for prevention of ventilator‑associated pneumonia in pediatric intensive care unit", published on 10 February 2020, pages 265-72, Issue 2, Volume 4 of J Med Sci Res,[1] in the publish list of Author one more new author and affiliations is added as mentioned below:
"Mohamed F. Alsodaa, Mahmoud M. Al‑Shahatb, Sherif M.K. Redac, Ahmed Y. Alsawahc, Mohammad A.M. Abboudd, Abd‑Elaleem Elgendye, Hamouda Eid Ali Youssef El Gazzar
a Department of Pediatric and Neonatology, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Departments of e Clinical Pathology, c Pediatrics, d Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al‑Azhar University, Cairo, …

Protective Effect Of Some Plants Against The Toxicity Of Kidneys Caused By Gentamicin, Amal A. Salama, Asmaa S. Abd El-Wahed, Asmaa E. Mostafa

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The kidneys are a major organ for the removal of waste materials from the body. Plants play an essential role in human health. This work aimed to study the protective effect of some plants vs gentamicin toxicity of the kidneys. Materials and methods Thirty adult male albino rats (Sprague Dawley Strain) of weight 100±10 g were investigated. Rats were divided into two mean groups. Group 1 (six rats) was fed on a balanced diet and was present as a negative control for 4 weeks. Group 2 (24 rats) was injected with gentamicin 100 mg/kg BW/day for 8 days to …

Comparative Study Of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) As Raw And Herbal Tea: Microbiological, Mycotoxin, And Phytochemical Quality, Emad A. H. Guirguis

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Ginger, commonly available as fresh rhizomes and dry powder, is prone to be contaminated either in spice or herbal tea form. Materials and methods Microbiological profile, total aflatoxin content, and phytochemical component were assessed using standard methods. Moreover, disc diffusion method was applied to investigate the antimicrobial ginger extract activity against foodborne pathogens. Results The most abundant identified compound was zingiberene in fresh (38.59%) and in dry powder (43.93%). The antimicrobial activity of ginger extract was more effective against gram-positive bacteria when compared with the results obtained by gram-negative bacteria. The microbiological quality revealed high contamination of dry samples …

Assessment Of Urinary Type Iv Collagen, Alpha-1 Microglobulin, And Transferrin In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Nephropathy, Marwa E. Hassan, Mohamed H. Mahfouz, Mohamed S. Shoman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Aim The aim of this study was to assess the levels of urinary type IV collagen, alpha-1 microglobulin, and transferrin as risk factors for early detection of nephropathy progression in diabetic patients. Patients and methods Four groups (25 patients each) participated in this study. Group I: controls, group II: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with normoalbuminuria [albumin creatinine ratio (ACR)<30 mg/g], group III: T2DM with microalbuminuria, and group IV: T2DM with macroalbuminuria (ACR≥300 mg/g). Urinary type IV collagen, alpha-1 microglobulin, and transferrin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipids, urea, creatinine, and microalbumin were also measured. Results Significant elevation of glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglycerides as well as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and a significant reduction of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were reported in diabetic nephropathy as compared with the control group and normoalbuminuric group (P …

The Role Of Routine Abdominal Ultrasound In Newborns For Detection Of Renal Abnormalities, Hala N. I. Sahwan, Hamouda Eid Ali Youssef El Gazzar, Mohamed F. Alsoda, Mohammed A. S. Zannoun, Mostafa M. M. Shakweer, Salah Ibrahim, Wael Bahbah

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction Congenital and acquired renal diseases, which can produce renal insufficiency during the neonatal period, may be classified according to their ultrasonographic (US) characteristics: increased parenchymal echogenicity (renal parenchymal diseases, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor fetopathy, and cortical necrosis), cystic disease (glomerulocystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive polycystic renal disease, multicystic dysplastic kidney, and cystic renal dysplasia), obstructive uropathies (ureteropelvic junction obstruction and posterior urethral valves), infections (candidal infections), and renal agenesis. The high-resolution sector and linear-array transducers allow the characterization of the underlying pathologic conditions in many cases. Findings of the renal parenchymal disease will vary on Doppler US, and during the …

Some Risk Factors For Neonatal Sensorineural Hearing Loss In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Hamouda Eid Ali Youssef El Gazzar, Khaled H. Taman, Magdy K. Al, Mahmoud H. Dwabah, Mohamed F. Alsoda, Omar E. El Shourbagy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background The sensorineural hearing loss incidence (SNHL) ranges from 1 to 3 per 1000 live births in term healthy neonates, and 2–4 per 100 in high-risk infants, a 10-fold increase. Objective The aim was to estimate the incidence of SNHL among newborns in NICU at Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, and to describe the distribution of risk factors associated with SNHL and the effects of their interaction. Patients and methods The study was carried out on 710 neonates in a hospital in Cairo, Egypt. A total of 710 (401 males and 309 females) neonates were included in the study …

Role Of Clarithromycin In Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Care Bundle In The Prevention Of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, Ashraf A. H. Mahmoud, Wael A. E. El Hakeem

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the addition of clarithromycin to the ventilator care bundle to help in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Patients and methods Eighty patients of more than 18 years, on a mechanical ventilator for less than 48 h, expected length of stay in the ICU for more than 48 h, with no clinical and radiographic evidence of pneumonia were enrolled in a double-blind comparative study. The patients were randomized to one of the two groups: group A (n = 40) where the patients received clarithromycin (through the Ryle …

Effect Of Obturator Nerve Block During Transurethral Resection Of Lateral Bladder Wall Tumors: A Comparison Of Monopolar And Bipolar Tur-Bt Regarding The Presence Of Detrusor Muscle In Tumor Specimens And Recurrence Of Disease, Ehab Noh, Gamal E. Abourjila

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Aim Any unintentional stimulation during electroresection results in adductor contraction and resultant sudden leg movement, which may in turn lead to perforation of bladder or incomplete resection. To avoid this reaction, obturator nerve block (ONB) and bipolar resection is effective to decrease the jerk. Patients and methods A prospective randomized, single-blind study was conducted during 2014–2018. A total of 74 patients were classified into four groups. Group I included 18 patients who received monopolar transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) and group II included 21 patients who received bipolar TUR-BT. Group III included 16 patients who received ONB and monopolar …

Martius Graft Transposition: A Successful Procedure For The Ultimate Repair Of The Anovaginal/Rectovaginal Fistula, Hossam H. Soliman, Mohamed A. Boghdady

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Recto/ano-vaginal fistula (RAVF) is one of the worst medical conditions that could lead a lady to suffer in her life. It represents a horrendous experience that might put the lady suffering that ailment not only on the brink of abandoning her social life, but even disrupting her marital life and breaking the integrity of her family. There are various operative methods implemented all over the past decades aiming to cure such medical condition. Of those, interposing a vascularized tissue flap is suggested as an operative solution to guarantee long term successful healing. Of which the most commonly tried is …

Characteristics And Outcomes Of Mitral Valve Repair Surgery: A Single-Center Experience, Ashraf Zahra, Mohamed A. El-Hafez Fouly

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background The authors performed this retrospective study to report the experience of mitral valve repair (MVR) repair procedures, including the commonly used operative techniques and recorded outcomes. Patients and methods A total of 100 patients (76 males) who underwent MVR were enrolled in this study. Diagnosis was mainly based on detailed history taking along with an echocardiographic assessment. Data on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were collected retrospectively from the database and patients' records. Missing data for particular outcomes were removed from the analysis. Results The four observed pathologies of the mitral valve [ischemic (67%), myxomatous (18%), postinfective (11%), and …

Double Valve Repair For Combined Aortic And Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Short-Term Results, Waleed El-Awady

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction Repair of mitral and aortic valve in double valve regurgitation is an attractive alternative to replacement, because of low incidence of valve-related complications. Standardization, reproducibility, and stable results are the three key points that will make any valve repair an established form. This study was undertaken to determine the short-term results of double valve repair for double regurgitation. Patients and methods Twenty-six patients had a double valve repair for aortic and mitral valve regurgitation. The mean age was 37.75 (14–53) years. There were 11 (42.3%) men and 15 (57.7%) women. The mean aortic cross-clamp time was 112 (86–135) min …

Myocardial Longitudinal Strain Reserve As A Marker Of Severity Of Coronary Artery Disease During Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography, Ahmed A. Aziz, Magdy M. Abdelsamie, Rania D. Aboushokka

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Timely and prompt detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) is of paramount importance for patient management in daily clinical practice. Several noninvasive stress tests are available for evaluating CAD, of which dobutamine stress echocardiogram (DSE) is widely available for localization and extent of CAD. However, wall-motion analysis during DSE is subjective, so two-dimensional speckle tracking-derived longitudinal strain has been recently presented to allow quantitative assessment of global and regional wall motions. Aim To assess longitudinal strain reserve (LSR) during DSE test in predicting severity of CAD in chronic stable patients. Patients and methods The study included 48 patients with …

Rheumatic Mitral Valve Surgery In Low Ejection Fraction Patients, Ahmed M. Omran, Ahmed Kamel, Emad El Sarawy, Mohamed Roshdy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective Although, in Mitral valve disease, ischemic heart disease and degenerative etiology have the upper hand in developing countries, rheumatic fever still predominates in developing countries including Egypt. Due to delay presentation some patients had very low EF which made the surgery theoretically risky. Our study aims to emphasize the benefit of surgery in this group of patients. Patients and methods 100 consecutive patients with Inclusion criteria: Rheumatic Mitral valve disease +/- Tricuspid valve disease, aging 18 to 75 with Ejection Fraction< 35% Exclusion criteria: Non rheumatic etiology, associated Ischemic Heart Disease, other valvular lesions, redo cases and age less than 18. Results Mean age 49, 57 males, with mean Ejection Fraction 25%, Aortic Cross Clamp time 26 minutes, all …

Comparing The Outcomes Of Ceftaroline Plus Vancomycin Or Daptomycin Combination Therapy Versus Monotherapy In Adults With Complicated And Prolonged Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia Initially Treated With Supplemental Ceftaroline, Omar Ahmad, Timothy N. Crawford, Thein Myint

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia confers considerable morbidity and mortality. Although vancomycin or daptomycin monotherapy is usually curative, prolonged bacteremia necessitating supplemental ceftaroline has occurred. The practice has led to the question of whether to continue with ceftaroline following bacteremia resolution.

METHODS: Adult patients hospitalized with MRSA bacteremia at the University of Kentucky Medical Center between January 2015 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Study subjects required supplemental ceftaroline due to 4 or more days of bacteremia despite vancomycin or daptomycin. They additionally had accompanying native valve infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis, or brain abscess. Patients were divided into two cohorts. …

Amylin As A Potential Link Between Type 2 Diabetes And Alzheimer Disease, Florin Despa, Larry B. Goldstein, Geert Jan Biessels

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Frequency Of Depression And Anxiety Among Patients With Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Visiting A Tertiary Care Hospital In Karachi, Pakistan, Muhammad Rizwan Rafique, Sadia Masood, Sana Tanzil, Saadia Tabassum, Shaheen Naveed

Section of Internal Medicine

Objective: To determine the frequency of anxiety and depression among chronic spontaneous urticarial patients presenting at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: The prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from February to August 2015, and comprised patients diagnosed with chronic spontaneous urticaria at the dermatology clinic. All the participants were assessed for anxiety and depression using Aga Khan University-Anxiety Depression Scale. Data was collected in face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. The association of the condition with different characteristics were calculated after stratification for age, gender, occupation and monthly income. SPSS 19 was used for …

Causes Of Congenital Corneal Opacities And Their Management In A Tertiary Care Center., Remzi Karadag, Christopher J Rapuano, Kristin M Hammersmith, Parveen K Nagra

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

PURPOSE: To evaluate causes and management of congenital corneal opacities (CCO) diagnosed in a tertiary care eye center and to compare the data with a previous study at the same institution.

METHODS: Computerized medical records in all patients with congenital corneal opacities diagnosed in the Cornea Service at Wills Eye Hospital (Philadelphia, PA) between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. Children aged 12 years and younger at the first visit were included in the study. Patients' demographics, ocular diagnosis, laterality, associated ocular abnormalities, other ocular surgery performed prior or subsequent to the first visit, and their …

Cephalic Vein Transposition: An Effective Surgical Option For Dealing With The Cephalic Vein Stenosis, Zia Ur Rehman

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.

Does The Oral-Anal Transit Test Correlate With Colonic Manometry Findings In Children With Refractory Constipation?, Jason Dranove, Nathan Fleishman, Saigopala Reddy, Steven Teich

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Purpose: The Oral-anal Transit Test (OTT) is a simple method of obtaining information about colonic transit. We aim to assess the correlation of OTT with the neuromuscular integrity of the colon determined by colonic manometry (CM).

Methods: All patients who had OTT followed by CM were evaluated. Less than 6 of 24 markers remaining on OTT was considered normal. CM was performed per previously published guidelines. A normal CM was defined as at least one High Amplitude Propagating Contraction progressing from the most proximal sensor through the sigmoid colon.

Results: A total of 34 patients underwent both OTT and CM …