Medical Specialties Commons^™

Oxidative Stress In Patients With Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus And Healthy Subjects With Anti-Desmoglein 1 Antibodies, Ericson Leonardo Gutierrez, Willy Ramos, Lucia Seminario-Vidal, Mercedes Tello, Gerardo Ronceros, Alex G. Ortega-Loayza

Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery Faculty Publications

Background: Previous studies have shown oxidative stress in pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus, nevertheless, it remains unknown whether a similar response is characteristic of endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Peru.

Objectives: To determine the oxidative stress response in endemic pemphigus foliaceus patients and subjects with positive for anti-desmoglein1 antibodies (anti-dsg1) from endemic areas of Peru.

Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The study population included 21 patients with Endemic Pemphigus foliaceus and 12 healthy subjects with anti-dsg1 antibodies from the Peruvian Amazon (Ucayali), as well as 30 healthy control subjects. Malondialdehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation by free radicals, …

Effectiveness Of A Low-Budget Sports Vision Training Program For Improving Batting Statistics Of An Ncaa Division I Baseball Team, Adam J. Melstrom

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Sports vision training (SVT) has been increasing in popularity among many dynamic reactive sports. Dynamic reactive sports require extremely accurate detection and discrimination of visual stimuli in order to execute a precise motor response. Manual interception, locomotion, and depth judgement are found to be the most important visuomotor abilities with interceptive sports such as baseball. Baseball is a highly visually demanding sport, especially offensively. The effectiveness of the batter is dependent on his/her ability to locate, track, and swing at a projectile in ~0.2 seconds. This presents the opportunity to implement an SVT program with a baseball team as …

Quantification Of Hiv-1 Rna Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Using An At-Home Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimen: Feasibility Study, Sabina Hirshfield, Richard A. Teran, Martin J. Downing Jr., Mary Ann Chiasson, Hong-Van Tieu, Laura Dize, Charlotte A. Gaydos

Publications and Research

Background: Suboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and disengagement in care present significant public health challenges because of the increased probability of HIV transmission. In the United States, men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV, highlighting a critical need to engage high-risk MSM living with HIV who are not engaged or retained in care.

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of at-home blood self-collection and laboratory quantification of HIV-1 RNA viral load (VL) to report laboratory-based VL outcomes and compare self-reported and laboratory-reported VL

Methods: Between 2016 and 2017, …

The Impact Of Sarcopenic Obesity On Inflammation, Lean Body Mass, And Muscle Strength In Elderly Women, Dahan Da Cunha Nascimento, Samuel Da Cunha Oliveira, Denis Cesar Leite Vieira, Silvana Schwerz Funghetto, Alessandro Oliveira Silva, Renato Valduga, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Jonato Prestes

Publications and Research

Objective: The objective of this study was to apply the newly standardized definition for sarcopenia from the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and the current definition for obesity to 1) determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in obese elderly women; 2) compare the muscle strength, lean body mass, and markers of inflammation between obese elderly women with SO and nonsarcopenic obesity (NSO), and 3) elucidate the relation- ship between appendicular lean mass adjusted for body mass index (aLM/BMI) with muscle strength, lean body mass, and obesity indices.

Methods: A total of 64 elderly obese women (age: …

Fmic Annual Report 2018 | Dari (دری), French Medical Institute For Mothers And Children

French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC) Archives

No abstract provided.

Fmic Annual Report 2018 | English, French Medical Institute For Mothers And Children

French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC) Archives

No abstract provided.

Comparison Between Intravenous Boluses Versus Infusion Of Tranexamic Acid (Txa) To Reduce Bleeding In Paediatric Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease (Chd) Surgeries, Faisal Junejo, Mohammad Irfan Akhtar, Mohammad Hamid, Syed Shabbir Ahmed, Fauzia Minai, Muneer Amanullah

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: To compare the intravenous boluses and intravenous continuous infusion of tranexamic acid (TXA) to reduce postoperative bleeding in cyanotic congenital heart disease surgeries. Study Design: Single-blinded randomised clinical trial. Place and Duration of Study: Anaesthesia Department, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from July 2016 to April 2017.
Methodology: Sixty patients of cyanotic congenital heart disease, undergoing either palliative or corrective surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), were recruited. These 60 patients were divided randomly into two groups. The infusion group received intravenous infusion of TXA at 5 mg/kg/hour while the bolus group received three intravenous boluses of 10 mg/kg …

Urinary Retention In Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: Comparison Between Continuous Epidural Analgesia And Single-Shot Femoral Nerve Block, Ausaf Ahmed Khan, Robyna Irshad Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: To compare the frequency of urinary retention and requirement of bladder catheterization in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty while receiving either continuous epidural analgesia or single-shot femoral nerve block.
Study design: Randomized controlled study.
Place and duration of study: Operating Rooms of Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2014 to January 2015.
Methodology: Patients were randomized in two groups of 30 each, i.e. epidural group (group E) or femoral nerve block group (group F). Baseline parameters were recorded. Postoperatively, patients were followed for upto 24 hours to collect the data regarding urinary retention. Final outcome was taken at …

Fluid Choice During Perioperative Care In Children: A Survey Of Present‑Day Proposing Practice By Anesthesiologists In A Intertiary Care Hospital, Muhammad Faisal Khan, Khalid Maudood Siddiqui, Ali Asghar

Department of Anaesthesia

Background: Perioperative fluid therapy in pediatrics has always been a challenging avenue for anesthesiologists.

Inappropriate choice of fluid leads to multiple side effects, for instance iatrogenic hyponatremia. Our aim was to observe the

current practice of perioperative fluid therapy in pediatric population undergoing surgery in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: After obtaining approval from the Departmental Research Review Committee, a survey form including questions

was emailed to anesthesiologists from January 2015 to June 2015. Individual responses were recorded and analyzed.

Results: Overall response was 100% from consultant and resident, and total 55 anesthesiologists were participated in

this survey. Majority of …

Case Report: A Novel Ocular Screening Aid For Detection Of Sport-Related Concussion In High School Athletes, Payton Monson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop, implement and determine the general effectiveness of a novel battery of ocular tests referred to as the Rapid Ocular Screening Test (ROST) that can be performed efficiently on the sideline and is based on our current understanding of the physiological effects of blunt head trauma on ocular functioning.
Background: Assessment of ocular function following a suspected head-injury has been recognized as an important adjunct to a concussion evaluation protocol; however, sideline-screening recommendations currently do not include a comprehensive set of ocular functioning tests. Three high school student athletes who suffered a …

Using International, Interprofessional Service Learning To Promote Transcultural Self-Efficacy And Interprofessional Attitudes In Health Science Students, Shana L. Cerny, Lana Svien, Julie Johnson, Bethany Hansmeier

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Interprofessional teams of occupational therapy, physical therapy, physician assistant, and dental hygiene students from the University of South Dakota participated in a service-learning experience in Guatemala. Student perceptions were measured using the Interprofessional Attitudes Scale and the Transcultural Self-Efficacy Tool. Qualitative data were obtained through written reflections and discussions during the immersion component of the service-learning experience. Students reported statistically significant improvements in transcultural self-efficacy as defined by their confidence in interviewing individuals from different cultures; their values, attitudes, and beliefs regarding cultural awareness, acceptance, appreciation, recognition, and advocacy; and their knowledge on how cultural factors influence care. Slightly different …

Dexa Use For Early Detection Of Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis-Related Bone Disease, Christina Baldwin, Renallie Arcinas, Melissa Ham, Stacie Hunter, Megha Mehta, Preeti Sharma, Prigi Anu Varghese, Kelli Williams, David M. Troendle, Meghana Sathe

2018

No abstract provided.

Improving Weight For Length In Infants With Cystic Fibrosis, Christina Baldwin, Lauren Lazar, Stacie Hunter, Meghana Sathe

2018

No abstract provided.

Case Report Of Squamous Cell Cancer Arising In Perineal Epidermal Inclusion Cyst, Presenting As Rapidly Enlarging And Cavitating Lesion., Jose Vale, Yijun Pang, Arthur Kumpf, David Fitkin, Scott Drew

Oncology Articles

INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous squamous cell cancer (cSCC) is a common condition, with straight forward and well-known heuristics regarding diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance. cSCC arising in an epidermal inclusion cyst is rare, but not unheard of. In contrast, the authors' are unaware of any prior reports of cSCC arising in an epidermal inclusion cyst within an atypical cavernous and cavitating lesion in the perineum.

PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 48-year-old male presented with a cavitating and rapidly growing cutaneous perineal lesion. Preliminary diagnostic procedures (biopsy) showed benign pathology and imaging showed no involvement of perineal organs such as prostate or rectum. Discordance between …

Provision Of Medical Supply Kits To Improve Quality Of Antenatal Care In Mozambique: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomised Trial, Ana Pilar Betrán, Eduardo Bergel, Sally Griffin, Armando Melo, My Huong Nguyen, Alicia Carbonell, Santos Mondlane, Mario Merialdi, Marleen Temmerman, A Metin Gülmezoglu

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: High levels of maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity remain a daunting reality in many lowincome countries. Several interventions delivered during antenatal care have been shown to improve maternal and newborn outcomes, but stockouts of medical supplies at point of care can prevent implementation of these services. We aimed to evaluate whether a supply chain strategy based on the provision of kits could improve quality of care.

Methods: We did a pragmatic, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised controlled trial at ten antenatal care clinics in Mozambique. Clinics were eligible if they were not already implementing the proposed antenatal care package; they served …

The Satisfactory Growth And Development At 2 Years Of Age Of The Intergrowth-21st Fetal Growth Standards Cohort Support Its Appropriateness For Constructing International Standards., José Villar, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Eleonora Staines Urias, Francesca Giuliani, Sikolia Wanyonyi

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: The World Health Organization recommends that human growth should be monitored with the use of international standards. However, in obstetric practice, we continue to monitor fetal growth using numerous local charts or equations that are based on different populations for each body structure. Consistent with World Health Organization recommendations, the INTERGROWTH-21st Project has produced the first set of international standards to date pregnancies; to monitor fetal growth, estimated fetal weight, Doppler measures, and brain structures; to measure uterine growth, maternal nutrition, newborn infant size, and body composition; and to assess the postnatal growth of preterm babies. All these standards …

The Global Impact Of The Dracma Guidelines Cow’S Milk Allergy Clinical Practice, Alessandro Fiocchi, Holger Schunemann, Ignacio Ansotegui, Amal Assa’Ad, Sami Bahna, Roberto Berni Canani, Martin Bozzola, Lamia Dahdah, Christophe Dupont, Motohiro Ebisawa, Elena Galli, Haiqi Li, Rose Kamenwa, Gideon Lack, Alberto Martelli, Ruby Pawankar, Maria Said, Mario Sánchez-Borges, Hugh Sampson, Raanan Shamir, Jonathan Spergel, Luigi Terracciano, Yvan Vandenplas, Carina Venter, Susan Waserman, Gary Wong, Jan Brozek

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: The 2010 Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow’s Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guidelines are the only Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines for cow’s milk allergy (CMA). They indicate oral food challenge (OFC) as the reference test for diagnosis, and suggest the choice of specific alternative formula in different clinical conditions. Their recommendations are flexible, both in diagnosis and in treatment.

Objectives & methods: Using the Scopus citation records, we evaluated the influence of the DRACMA guidelines on milk allergy literature. We also reviewed their impact on successive food allergy and CMA guidelines at national and …

Analytical High-Resolution Electron Microscopy Reveals Organ-Specific Nanoceria Bioprocessing, Uschi M. Graham, Robert A. Yokel, Alan K. Dozier, Lawrence Drummy, Krishnamurthy Mahalingam, Michael T. Tseng, Eileen Birch, Joseph Fernback

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

This is the first utilization of advanced analytical electron microscopy methods, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping to characterize the organ-specific bioprocessing of a relatively inert nanomaterial (nanoceria). Liver and spleen samples from rats given a single intravenous infusion of nanoceria were obtained after prolonged (90 days) in vivo exposure. These advanced analytical electron microscopy methods were applied to elucidate the organ-specific cellular and subcellular fate of nanoceria after its uptake. Nanoceria is bioprocessed differently in the spleen than in the liver.

Prevalence Of Positive Depression Screen Among Post Miscarriage Women- A Cross Sectional Study, Steve Mutiso, Alfred Murage, Abraham Mukaindo

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Miscarriages are a common pregnancy complication affecting about 10–15% of pregnancies. Miscarriages may be associated with a myriad of psychiatric morbidity at various timelines after the event. Depression has been shown to affect about 10–20% of all women following a miscarriage. However, no data exists in the local setting informing on the prevalence of post-miscarriage depression. We set out to determine the prevalence of positive depression screen among women who have experienced a miscarriage at the Aga Khan University hospital, Nairobi.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional in design. Patients who had a miscarriage were recruited at the post-miscarriage clinic …

Female Sex Workers Experiences Of Using Contraceptive Methods: A Qualitative Study In Kenya, Rhoune Ochako, Jerry Okal, Steven Kimetu, Ian Askew, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Female Sex Workers (FSWs) are predisposed to a broad range of social, sexual and reproductive health problems such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/HIV, unintended pregnancy, violence, sexual exploitation, stigma and discrimination. Female sex workers have unmet need for contraceptives and require comprehensive Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) prevention interventions. Existing programs pay little attention to the broad sexual and reproductive health and rights of these women and often focus on HIV and other STIs prevention, care and treatment while neglecting their reproductive health needs, including access to family planning methods. The aim of this study is, therefore, to explore …

Changes In The 2017 Pediatric Hypertension Clinical Guidelines., Bonita Falkner

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The clinical practice guidelines on diagnosis and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents have been periodically modified and updated since the original publication in 1977.1 Since the last pediatric blood pressure guideline was published in 2004, known as the Fourth Report,2 the literature on child BP and hypertension has expanded considerably. There has been a recognized need to update the Fourth Report for several years. However, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) who sponsored previous pediatric BP guidelines announced that NHLBI would no longer sponsor development of new clinical guidelines.3 Subsequently, in 2014 the American …

Cataract Blindness: Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Treatment Barriers And High Blindness Rates For Women In Rural Regions Of Andhra Pradesh, Kiranpreet Kaur

AUCTUS: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Despite efforts of Vision 2020 in India, the 2001 Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS) extrapolated that approximately 18.7 million blind people resided in India and projected an increase to 31.6 million blind people by 2020. Within the Andhra Pradesh state itself, the preventable blindness population had increased from approximately 1,143,150 people in 1990 to 1,402,264 people in 2001, against reformation attempts by the National Program for Control of Blindness. Of this, cataracts were consistently the leading cause of avoidable blindness. Numerous public health studies have been conducted to outline factors that preclude treatment of avoidable cataract blindness in the …

Human Chronic Necrotizing Granulomatous Meningoencephalitis: A Novel Case Report, Alexus P. Taddonio, Eric J. Veloso, Kelly J. Baldwin

Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (Middletown) Publications and Research

Necrotizing and granulomatous meningoencephalitis are common central nervous system diseases known to affect canines. To date, necrotizing granulomatous meningoencephalitis has yet to be described in humans. Current studies of presumed pathogenesis and possible treatment options have only been described in canines. This is a case report of a 55-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with necrotizing granulomatous meningoencephalitis in the setting of new-onset neurological symptoms without any infectious or malignant source.

The Effects Of Pre-Pregnancy Tobacco Use On Food Cravings And Weight Gain In Pregnancy, Lauren E. Blau

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Smoking cessation is associated with greater frequency of food cravings, even when controlling for body mass index. Recent studies have indicated similarities between obese women and women who smoke tobacco in mood states and food craving frequency. This is consistent with the common substrate hypothesis, which postulates that shared neural pathways mediate craving across multiple domains, and could explain why it is common for women attempting to quit smoking to gain weight. Smoking cessation prior to pregnancy is strongly encouraged due to the adverse effects of tobacco use on the developing fetus. Studies have shown that women who quit smoking …

Device Therapies Among Patients Receiving Primary Prevention Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators In The Cardiovascular Research Network, Robert T. Greenlee, Alan S. Go, Pamela N. Peterson, Andrea E. Cassidy-Bushrow, Charles Gaber, Romel Garcia-Montilla, Alan H. Kadish

Office of the President Publications and Research

BACKGROUND: Primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) reduce mortality in selected patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction by delivering therapies (antitachycardia pacing or shocks) to terminate potentially lethal arrhythmias; inappropriate therapies also occur. We assessed device therapies among adults receiving primary prevention ICDs in 7 healthcare systems.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We linked medical record data, adjudicated device therapies, and the National Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD Registry. Survival analysis evaluated therapy probability and predictors after ICD implant from 2006 to 2009, with attention to Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Coverage With Evidence Development subgroups: left ventricular ejection fraction, 31% to 35%; …

When Popular Culture And The Nfl Collide: Fan Responsibility In Ending The Concussion Crisis, Taylor Simpson-Wood, Robert H. Wood

Marquette Sports Law Review

None

The Relationship Between Iron Status, Limb Movements, And Sleep Architecture In Children, David G. Ingram Md, Gaylyn Perry Md, Zarmina Ehsan Md, Baha Al-Shawwa Md

Posters

Background

•Iron status is an important aspect of the evaluation of children with excessive limb movements during sleep. •While there is clear data in adults to support this relationship, the data in children is less well established. •We evaluated the association between iron status and limb movements during sleep in a large pediatric sample. Methods •This is a retrospective analysis of a single institution sleep program looking at all patients who underwent overnight polysomnogram and ferritin test within 24 hours of doing the sleep study between January 2015 and October 2017. •Those with sleep apnea (Central Apnea Index >5/hr or …

Oncolog, Volume 63, Number 01, January 2018, Bryan Tutt

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Immunotherapy for Genitourinary Cancers: Clinical trials explore immune checkpoint inhibitors for bladder, kidney, prostate cancers
• Active Surveillance for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: COMET trial compares frequent mammography to standard treatment with surgery
• Radiation Plus Chemotherapy for Nasal NK T Cell Lymphoma: Clinical trial may standardize treatment for rare cancer
• HOUSE CALL: Mammography Is Essential for Breast cancer Screening- FDA warns against clinics that advertise screening without mammography
• USEFULRESOURCES: Videoconferences Allow Collaboration in Cancer Prevention, Treatment, Survivorship

Non-Naturally Occurring Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv) And Methods Of Using, Hiep Lai Xuan Vu, Fernando Osorio, William W. Laegreid, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fangrui Ma

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

A non-naturally occurring porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is provided herein, and methods of making and using the non-naturally occurring PRRSV also are provided.

A Longitudinal Examination Of Eating Disorders And Associated Risk Factors In Division I Student-Athletes, Nicole Court-Menendez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

CONTEXT: Eating disorders represent a significant concern across multiple populations including collegiate athletes. Risk factors for eating disorders may be amplified in athletes because of internal and external performance and image expectations. Little is known about how these risk factors change over time in collegiate student-athletes.
OBJECTIVE: To longitudinally examine select eating disorder risk factors in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I student-athletes.
DESIGN: Descriptive longitudinal study.
SETTING: NCAA Division I collegiate athletics.
PARTICIPANTS: Retired Division I collegiate athletes (n=204), ages 18-22, who competed in football, women’s soccer, women’s volleyball, baseball, men’s and women’s track and field, men’s and …