Medical Specialties Commons^™

Value Of Toll-Like Receptor 3 (Tlr3) In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients With Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Aisha El-Shimy, El-Saied Shabaan, Hala Ibrahim, Iman Kamel, Tarek Fouad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a severe public health problem with a worldwide predominance of 3%. An estimated 5–20% of infected patients develop cirrhosis annually, and 1–4% of them develop hepatocellular carcinoma. In Egypt, the prevalence of HCV antibody and HCV RNA are 10.0 and 7.0%, respectively, in the 15–59 years age group. In children of 1–14 years old, the prevalence of HCV antibody and HCV RNA are 0.4 and 0.2%, respectively. HCV infection is a cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and results in a significant problem in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) might have an …

Effect Of Kinesio Taping Therapy On Waist Circumferences In Postpartum Women, Maha M. Mady

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The study was designed to examine the effect of Kinesio taping (KT) on abdominal circumferences in postpartum women with or without diastasis of rectus abdominus muscles (DRAM). Participants and methods A total of 26 women at 8 weeks postpartum, their age ranged from 25 to 35 years, their BMI was between 26.6 and 38.2 kg/m², suffering from increasing abdominal circumferences with or without DRAM, were referred from the outpatient clinic of the Gynecological Department of Shibeen El-Kom Teaching Hospital, All women received KT therapy on the abdomen. The treatment was applied for 4 consecutive weeks. Evaluation was …

Evaluation Of Nutrition Intake Of Football Players, Heba S. Abdelhaliem, Hoda M. El Gezrey

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction Despite football being the most popular sport in Egypt, most players do not know their needed nutritional requirements. The metabolic rate and energy consumption increased dramatically in football players. Thus, nutrition plays a significant role in improving the performance and the quality of life for these players. Objective This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of 50 football players aged between 15 and 19 years in Gomhorya Club – Menoufia. Participants and methods Dietary intake was evaluated for 7 days by using dietary assessment tools (24-h recall). This data was used to determine energy, macronutrients, micronutrients, and fiber. …

Evaluation Of Oxytocin And Serotonin Levels In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Amal El-Ramly, Azza Samy, Eman Soliman, Golnar Oteify

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurological and developmental disorder that affects how a person acts and interacts, communicates with others, and learns. Endocrine and neuropeptide factors are some among the list of possible etiologic or predisposing contenders. Abnormalities in the brain serotonin system are reported in ASD, including evidence of altered serotonin synthesis and receptor binding, as well as dystrophic serotonergic axons. Blood oxytocin levels are also a focus of ASD research. This work aimed to assess oxytocin and serotonin levels as biomarkers in individuals with ASD. Participants and methods Serotonin and oxytocin levels, as biochemical parameters …

Outcome Of Cochlear Implantation In Children With Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct (Eva) And Mondini Dysplasia (Incomplete Partition Type Ii), Abir Omara, Amr Younes, Azza Sami, Ihab Sefein, Iman Elrouby, Soha Hamada

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Congenital inner ear abnormality is a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss in children, about 20% of children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) have associated malformations of the temporal bone, and increased experience in cochlear implantation has led to more children with abnormal cochleo-vestibular anatomy submitted to this procedure. Aim To evaluate the outcome of cochlear implantation in cases with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) and Mondini deformity (incomplete partition type II) following cochlear implantation and comparing the results with cochlear implant cases without inner ear anomalies. Patients and methods 69 children all less than 6 years of age, …

Technical Aspect Of Mechanical Thrombectomy Of Acute Ischemic Stroke, Ahmed El-Bassiouny, Magdy Khalaf, Romany Adly

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and purpose Mechanical thrombectomy was recently reported of having the potential to treat acute ischemic stroke. However, few comparative studies on neurothrombectomy devices are reported. This study aims to compare two retrievable stent systems according to their safety and effectiveness in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Patients and methods In this study, the clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes of 20 patients with acute ischemic stroke are compared prospectively. Patients were treated with either Trevo retriever (TR) or Solitaire stent (ST) according to the neurointerventionalist preference. Successful recanalization was defined as thrombolysis in cerebral ischemia grade 2a to 3. Results …

Association Study Between Polymorphisms Of Dopamine Transporter Gene (Slc6a3), Dopamine D1 Receptor Gene (Drd1), And Autism, Azza Abdel Aziz Azzam, Dina Mohammad Rasheed Bahgat, Ranaih Massoud Azme Nasralla, Rasha Mohamad Hosny Shahin

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction Autism is an etiologically and clinically heterogeneous group of disorders, collectively referred to as 'autism spectrum disorders'. Dopamine (DA) modulates a wide variety of processes, functions, and behaviors that are abnormal in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. The DA transporter gene SLC6A3 (solute carrier family 6, member 3) is a crucial regulator of DA homeostasis and neurotransmission. SLC6A3 gene has many polymorphisms which are associated with hangs in gene expression that may affect extracellular DA levels. The rs2550936 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at SLC6A3 gene decreased SLC6A3 expression or DA transporter availability. Also, the rs4532 SNP at dopamine D1 receptors …

Surgical Interventions For Distal Radius Fractures, Jake Dotseth

Undergraduate Research Celebration 2018

No abstract provided.

Bilateral Facial Spasm Following Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Zain Guduru, John Morgan, Kapil Sethi

Neurology Faculty Publications

Background: We report a patient who developed lower facial muscle spasm at rest and bilateral facial synkinesis several months after treatment of Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS); this finding, to our knowledge, is hitherto unreported.

Phenomenology Shown: Bilateral synkinesis, facial muscles spasm at rest, bilateral postparalytic facial syndrome.

Educational Value: Aberrant regeneration of nerve fibers post GBS, resulting in facial muscles spasm at rest, bilateral synkinesis.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Identifies Early Extrahepatic Collateral Contributing To Residual Hepatocellular Tumor Viability After Transarterial Chemoembolization., Sriharsha Gummadi, Maria Stanczak, Andrej Lyshchik, Flemming Forsberg, Colette M. Shaw, John R. Eisenbrey

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

The mainstay of treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma is locoregional therapy including percutaneous ablation and transarterial chemo- and radioembolization. While monitoring for tumor response after transarterial chemoembolization is crucial, current imaging strategies are suboptimal. The standard of care is contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography imaging performed at least 4 to 6 weeks after therapy. We present a case in which contrast-enhanced ultrasound identified a specific extra-hepatic collateral from the gastroduodenal artery supplying residual viable tumor and assisting with directed transarterial management.

Prevalence Of Prediabetes, Diabetes, And Its Associated Risk Factors Among Males In Saudi Arabia: A Population-Based Survey, Khaled K. Aldossari, Abdulrahman Aldiab, Jamaan M. Al-Zahrani, Sameer H. Al-Ghamdi, Mohammed Abdelrazik, Mohammed Ali Batais, Sundas Javad, Shanila Nooruddin, Hira Abdul Razzak, Ashraf El-Metwally

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objectives: The study aims at determining the prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes and at ascertaining some concomitant risk factorsamong males in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study including 381 Saudi adult males from different institutions was recruited. Odds ratios for diabetes risk and risk factors were calculated using log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression, using STATA version 12.
Results: The participants included 381 diabetic males with a median age of 45 years, average body mass index of 25 ± 40 kg/m², whereas waist circumferences ranged from 66 to 180 cm in the male study population. In addition, 27.82% …

Genomic Dna Methylation-Derived Algorithm Enables Accurate Detection Of Malignant Prostate Tissues, Erfan Aref-Eshghi, Laila C Schenkel, Peter Ainsworth, Hanxin Lin, David I Rodenhiser, Jean-Claude Cutz, Bekim Sadikovic

Paediatrics Publications

Introduction

The current methodology involving diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) relies on the pathology examination of prostate needle biopsies, a method with high false negative rates partly due to temporospatial, molecular, and morphological heterogeneity of prostate adenocarcinoma. It is postulated that molecular markers have a potential to assign diagnosis to a considerable portion of undetected prostate tumors. This study examines the genome-wide DNA methylation changes in PCa in search of genomic markers for the development of a diagnostic algorithm for PCa screening.

Methods

Archival PCa and normal tissues were assessed using genomic DNA methylation arrays. Differentially methylated sites and regions …

Comparison Of Two Surgical Methods For Slap Lesions, Holly Winiarczyk

Undergraduate Research Celebration 2018

No abstract provided.

A Review Of Clinical Radioprotection And Chemoprotection For Oral Mucositis., Bryan Oronsky, Sharad Goyal, Michelle M Kim, Pedro Cabrales, Michelle Lybeck, Scott Caroen, Neil Oronsky, Erica Burbano, Corey Carter, Arnold Oronsky

Radiology Faculty Publications

The first tenet of medicine, "primum non nocere" or "first, do no harm", is not always compatible with oncological interventions e.g., chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiation, since they commonly result in significant toxicities. One of the more frequent and serious treatment-induced toxicities is mucositis and particularly oral mucositis (OM) described as inflammation, atrophy and breakdown of the mucosa or lining of the oral cavity. The sequelae of oral mucositis (OM), which include pain, odynodysphagia, dysgeusia, decreased oral intake and systemic infection, frequently require treatment delays, interruptions and discontinuations that not only negatively impact quality of life but also tumor control …

Integration Of Maternal Postpartum Services In Maternal And Child Health Services In Kaya Health District (Burkina Faso): An Intervention Time Trend Analysis, Danielle Yugbaré Belemsaga, Anne Goujon, Halima Tougri, Abou Coulibaly, Olivier Degomme, Els Duysburgh, Marleen Temmerman, Seni Kouanda

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: The Missed Opportunities in Maternal and Infant Health (MOMI) project aimed at reducing maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity within the year after childbirth in four sub-Saharan African countries. MOMI interventions including the integration of maternal and infant services in the postpartum (PP) period at day 6–10, week 6–8, and month 9 were implemented from September 2013 to December 2015. We hereby assess the effect of integrating maternal postpartum care (PPC) in infant immunization services in Kaya health district in Burkina Faso.

Methods: We apply a longitudinal mixed method on monthly monitoring data collected from 12 months before the …

Predictors Of Low Birth Weight And 24-Hour Perinatal Outcomes At Muhimbili National Hospital In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania: A Five-Year Retrospective Analysis Of Obstetric Records, Benjamin Anathory Kamala, Andrew Hans Mgaya, Matilda Michael Ngarina, Hussein Kidanto

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Abstract

Introduction: The global prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) is 16%, representing more than 20 million infants worldwide, of which 96% are born in low-income countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, predictors and perinatal outcomes of LBW newborns.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data obtained from the hospital's obstetric and neonatal database. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were performed with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results: The prevalence of LBW was 21% (n = 8,011) and two-thirds of these were delivered at term. Seven percent of newborns were stillbirths and 2% died within 24hrs after …

Procedural Competency Training During Diagnostic Radiology Residency: Time To Go Beyond “See One, Do One, Teach One”!, Driss Raissi, Qiong Han, Michael A. Winkler, Edward J. Escott

Radiology Faculty Publications

Objectives: Achieving procedural competency during diagnostic radiology residency can impact the radiologist's future independent practice after graduation, especially in a private practice setting. However, standardized procedure competency training within most radiology residency programs is lacking, and overall procedural skills are still mainly acquired by the traditional “see one, do one, teach one” methodology. We report the development of a simple standardized procedural training protocol that can easily be adopted by residency programs currently lacking any form of structured procedural training.

Materials and Methods: An ad hoc resident procedural competency committee was created in our radiology residency program. A procedural certification …

Surgical Methods For Distal Radius Fractures, Heather Pierce

Undergraduate Research Celebration 2018

No abstract provided.

Ot In Pediatric Primary Care, Anne H. Zachry, J. Flick

Faculty Presentations

This session described a program where licensed occupational therapists and master’s level OT students provide free developmental screenings to infants and young children in local pediatric medical practice. Strategies for strategies for developing relationships and bridging communication between occupational therapists, primary practice physicians, and families were reviewed.

Abdominal Wall Reconstruction After Extirpation Of A 140 Pound Primary Ovarian Mucinous Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report., Mamtha Raj Md, Sean J. Wallace Md, Nathan F. Miller Md, Randolph Wojcik Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Electromyographic And Joint Kinematic Patterns In Runner's Dystonia., Omar F Ahmad, Pritha Ghosh, Christopher Stanley, Barbara Karp, Mark Hallett, Codrin Lungu, Katharine Alter

Neurology Faculty Publications

Runner’s dystonia (RD) is a task-specific focal dystonia of the lower limbs that occurs when running. In this retrospective case series, we present surface electromyography (EMG) and joint kinematic data from thirteen patients with RD who underwent instrumented gait analysis (IGA) at the Functional and Biomechanics Laboratory at the National Institutes of Health. Four cases of RD are described in greater detail to demonstrate the potential utility of EMG with kinematic studies to identify dystonic muscle groups in RD. In these cases, the methodology for muscle selection for botulinum toxin therapy and the therapeutic response is discussed. Lateral heel whip, …

Multi-Institution Analysis Of Racial Disparity Among African- American Men Eligible For Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance, Michael Dinizo, Weichung Shih, Young Suk Kwon, Daniel Eun, Adam Reese, Laura Giusto, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Bertram Yuh, Nora Ruel, Daniel Marchalik, Jonathan Hwang, Shilajit D. Kundu, Scott Eggener, Isaac Yi Kim

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

There is a significant controversy on whether race should be a factor in considering active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer. To address this question, we analyzed a multi-institution database to assess racial disparity between African-American and White-American men with low risk prostate cancer who were eligible for active surveillance but underwent radical prostatectomy. A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected clinical, pathologic and oncologic outcomes of men with low-risk prostate cancer from seven tertiary care institutions that underwent radical prostatectomy from 2003–2014 were used to assess potential racial disparity. Of the 333 (14.8%) African-American and 1923 (85.2%) White-American men meeting active …

Human Cancer And Platelet Interaction, A Potential Therapeutic Target, Shike Wang, Zhenyu Li, Ren Xu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Cancer patients experience a four-fold increase in thrombosis risk, indicating that cancer development and progression are associated with platelet activation. Xenograft experiments and transgenic mouse models further demonstrate that platelet activation and platelet-cancer cell interaction are crucial for cancer metastasis. Direct or indirect interaction of platelets induces cancer cell plasticity and enhances survival and extravasation of circulating cancer cells during dissemination. In vivo and in vitro experiments also demonstrate that cancer cells induce platelet aggregation, suggesting that platelet-cancer interaction is bidirectional. Therefore, understanding how platelets crosstalk with cancer cells may identify potential strategies to inhibit cancer metastasis and to reduce …

Bezoar: Imaging Findings & Case Study Of A Rare Pathology, Tanya M. Custer, Kim Michael

Posters and Presentations: Medical Imaging & Therapeutic Sciences

A bezoar is a hard, indigestible mass of material that forms within the alimentary canal, most commonly the stomach.1 Bezoars are classified according to composition. The most common type of bezoar is a phytobezoar composed of indigestible food fibers that occur in fruits & vegetables, including celery, pumpkin, prunes, raisins, & sunflower-seed shells. Other common types of bezoars include trichobezoars, composed of hair, & pharmacobezoars, made of undissolved medications.

A number of risk factors have been associated with bezoar development. Patients who have undergone gastric surgery, such as partial gastrectomy, are at an increased risk of developing a bezoar due …

A Global Health Research Checklist For Clinicians., Rasha D Sawaya, Kristen A Breslin, Eiman Abdulrahman, Jennifer I Chapman, Dafina M Good, Lili Moran, Paul C Mullan, Oluwakemi Badaki-Makun

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Global health research has become a priority in most international medical projects. However, it is a difficult endeavor, especially for a busy clinician. Navigating the ethics, methods, and local partnerships is essential yet daunting.To date, there are no guidelines published to help clinicians initiate and complete successful global health research projects. This Global Health Research Checklist was developed to be used by clinicians or other health professionals for developing, implementing, and completing a successful research project in an international and often low-resource setting. It consists of five sections: Objective, Methodology, Institutional Review Board and Ethics, Culture and partnerships, and Logistics. …

Reducing Re-Rupture With Surgery Or Conservative Treatment, Austin Mihalovic

Undergraduate Research Celebration 2018

No abstract provided.

Review Of The Safety And Efficacy Of Echocardiographically Guided Pericardiocentesis: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis, 2009 – 2016, Robert Park, Md, Michael Valentino, Md, Phd, Rajiv Kabadi, Md, Matthew Decaro, Md, Gregary Marhefka, Md

Division of Cardiology Posters

Aims

• To investigate the safety and efficacy of EGP given the relatively limited data of this modality’s safety profile in American healthcare centers over the past decade
• To evaluate the characteristics of and risk factors of those needing EGP

Out Of The Shell: Exploring The Phagocytic Capabilities Of The B Cell And Isolated Lymphoid Follicle-Lie Structures In The Red-Eared Slider, Trachemys Scripta, Marc A. Ashford Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

Management of immunity is crucial for survival in all living organisms. While there is a large amount of research for established model organisms, such as the mouse model, much less is known about reptiles. When compared to immunity in mammals, we discover many differences such as susceptibility to certain pathogens, alteration of immune processes due to environmental temperature, the total absence of certain lymphoid organs contained in mammals, among many others. Despite this, the reptile has shown in many studies that they are worthy systems to study immunity in an evolutionary perspective and recent studies may show that they may …

Mechanisms Of Sleep And The Brain, Doungbagai Leo

Honors Theses

One of the most important homeostatic functions of the brain and body is sleep. This literary review analyzes the genes that are involved in sleep: Clock, Bmal1, Period, and Cryptochrome. It also explains the role of melatonin, GABA, orexin, and melanopsin during sleep regulation. The genes and neurotransmitters influence the suprachiasmatic nuclei and the circadian rhythm that our brain, and every cell of our bodies, have connections to. These connection help to ensure the homeostatic function of our bodies. The analysis of sleep-like states in other animals may show an evolutionary connection of sleep from non-mammals to mammals, but may …

An International Delphi Survey For The Definition Of The Variables For The Development Of New Classification Criteria For Periodic Fever Aphtous Stomatitis Pharingitis Cervical Adenitis (Pfapa)., Federica Vanoni, Silvia Federici, Jordi Antón, Karyl S Barron, Paul Brogan, Fabrizio De Benedetti, Fatma Dedeoglu, Erkan Demirkaya, Veronique Hentgen, Tilmann Kallinich, Ronald Laxer, Ricardo Russo, Natasa Toplak, Yosef Uziel, Alberto Martini, Nicolino Ruperto, Marco Gattorno, Michael Hofer

Paediatrics Publications

Background

Diagnosis of Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) is currently based on a set of criteria proposed in 1999 modified from Marshall's criteria. Nevertheless no validated evidence based set of classification criteria for PFAPA has been established so far. The aim of this study was to identify candidate classification criteria PFAPA syndrome using international consensus formation through a Delphi questionnaire survey.

Methods

A first open-ended questionnaire was sent to adult and pediatric clinicians/researchers, asking to identify the variables thought most likely to be helpful and relevant for the diagnosis of PFAPA. In a second survey, respondents …