Medical Specialties Commons^™

Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay Detects Hiv Drug Resistance Associated With Virologic Failure Among Antiretroviral-Naive Adults In Kenya, Michael Chung, Ingrid A. Beck, Sandra Dross, Kenneth Tapia, James N. Kiarie, Barbra A. Richardson, Julie Overbaugh, Samah R. Sakr, Grace C. John-Stewart, Lisa M. Frenkel

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is increasing in some areas of Africa. Detection of TDR may predict virologic failure of first-line non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART). We evaluated the utility of a relatively inexpensive oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) to detect clinically relevant TDR at time of ART initiation.

Methods: Pre-ART plasmas from ART-naive Kenyans initiating an NNRTI-based fixed-dose combination ART in a randomized adherence trial conducted in 2006 were retrospectively analyzed by OLA for mutations conferring resistance to NNRTI (K103N, Y181C, and G190A) and lamivudine (M184V). Post-ART plasmas were analyzed for virologic failure (≥1,000 copies/mL) at 6 month …

The Significance Of Functional Renal Obstruction In Predicting Pathologic Stage Of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma., Michael J. Amirian, Kushan Radadia, Hadley Narins, Kelly A. Healy, Scott G. Hubosky, Demetrius H. Bagley, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Costas D. Lallas

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Assessing the severity of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) has been difficult because of inadequate biopsy specimens. Additional predictive parameters of disease stage would be useful when deciding a treatment plan; it has been suggested that preoperative hydronephrosis can be a surrogate. We examined the relationship between preoperative ipsilateral renal obstruction identified by imaging with final pathologic stage after nephroureterectomy (NU) for UTUC. We then analyzed those patients with ipsilateral renal obstruction and examined if tumor location is associated with an advanced pathologic stage.

METHODS: Patients who underwent NU for UTUC between the years 2001 to 2013 …

Adult Neurogenesis In The Four-Striped Mice (Rhabdomys Pumilio), Olatunbosun O. Olaleye, Amadi O. Ihunwo

Brain and Mind Institute

In this study, we investigated non-captive four-striped mice (Rhabdomys pumilio) for evidence that adult neurogenesis occurs in the adult brain of animal models in natural environment. Ki-67 (a marker for cell proliferation) and doublecortin (a marker for immature neurons) immunostaining confirmed that adult neurogenesis occurs in the active sites of subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle with the migratory stream to the olfactory bulb, and the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. No Ki-67 proliferating cells were observed in the striatum substantia nigra, amygdala, cerebral cortex or dorsal vagal complex. Doublecortin-immunoreactive cells were observed in …

Provider Cost Analysis Supports Results-Based Contracting Out Of Maternal And Newborn Health Services: An Evidence-Based Policy Perspective, Peter Hatcher, Shiraz Shaikh, Hassan Fazli, Shehla Zaidi, Atif Riaz

Community Health Sciences

Background

There is dearth of evidence on provider cost of contracted out services particularly for Maternal and Newborn Health (MNH). The evidence base is weak for policy makers to estimate resources required for scaling up contracting. This paper ascertains provider unit costs and expenditure distribution at contracted out government primary health centers to inform the development of optimal resource envelopes for contracting out MNH services.

Methods

This is a case study of provider costs of MNH services at two government Rural Health Centers (RHCs) contracted out to a non-governmental organization in Pakistan. It reports on four selected Basic Emergency Obstetrical …

Mode Of Coronary Revascularization And Short Term Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease, Ashique Ali Khoso, K. Kazmi, Saqiba Tahir, Hasanat Sharif, Safia Awan

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery are two alternative methods for coronary revascularization, but it remains controversial as which one is associated with lower risks of worse clinical outcomes for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. We determined the mode of coronary revascularization (PCI vs. CABG) which is associated with lower risk of mortality and morbidity in CKD patients.

METHODS:

In this cross sectional study, 159 patients with CKD were enrolled from single center of coronary revascularization at Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi between January 2012 and August 2013. All patients with …

Choledochal Cyst--A Different Disease In Newborns And Infants, Zafar Nazir, Munira Abdul Aziz

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

We report experience of managing Choledochal Cyst (CC) in different paediatric ages. Eleven neonates and infants (aged 0-8 months) and 24 paediatric cases (aged 2.5 - 18 years) were managed over 24 years (1988 to 2012). Neonates and infants presented with jaundice, acholic stools and abdominal mass whereas most of the paediatric cases presented with intermittent non-specific abdominal pain. Morphology of CC was mostly cystic in neonates whereas it was fusiform in majority (62%) of paediatric cases. Biliary amylase was high and correlated with the presence of abnormal pancreaticobiliary junction (PBJ) in 20 /24 paediatric patients. Obstruction at the …

Sofas And Infant Mortality., Lauren R. Rechtman, Jeffrey D. Colvin, Peter S. Blair, Rachel Y. Moon

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Sleeping on sofas increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome and other sleep-related deaths. We sought to describe factors associated with infant deaths on sofas.

METHODS: We analyzed data for infant deaths on sofas from 24 states in 2004 to 2012 in the National Center for the Review and Prevention of Child Deaths Case Reporting System database. Demographic and environmental data for deaths on sofas were compared with data for sleep-related infant deaths in other locations, using bivariate and multivariable, multinomial logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS: A total of 1024 deaths on sofas made up 12.9% of sleep-related infant …

Technical Performance Score Is Associated With Outcomes After The Norwood Procedure., Meena Nathan, Lynn A. Sleeper, Richard G. Ohye, Peter C. Frommelt, Christopher A. Caldarone, James S. Tweddell, Minmin Lu, Gail D. Pearson, J William Gaynor, Christian Pizarro, Ismee A. Williams, Steven D. Colan, Carolyn Dunbar-Masterson, Peter J. Gruber, Kevin Hill, Jennifer Hirsch-Romano, Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Jonathan R. Kaltman, S Ram Kumar, David Morales, Scott M. Bradley, Kirk Kanter, Jane W. Newburger, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Girish S. Shirali

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Objectives: The technical performance score (TPS) has been reported in a single center study to predict the outcomes after congenital cardiac surgery. We sought to determine the association of the TPS with outcomes in patients undergoing the Norwood procedure in the Single Ventricle Reconstruction trial.

Methods: We calculated the TPS (class 1, optimal; class 2, adequate; class 3, inadequate) according to the predischarge echocardiograms analyzed in a core laboratory and unplanned reinterventions that occurred before discharge from the Norwood hospitalization. Multivariable regression examined the association of the TPS with interval to first extubation, Norwood length of stay, death or transplantation, …

Plaque Index In Multi-Bracket Fixed Appliances, Zafar Ul Islam, Attiya Shaikh, Mubassar Fida

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Objective: To compare the plaque index in patients receiving multi-bracket fixed orthodontic treatment for various factors like age, gender, socio-economic status, brushing practices, meal habits, types of brackets, types of ligations, use of mouthwash and duration of treatment.
Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Orthodontics Clinic, The Aga Khan University Hospital, from September to November 2011.
Methodology: Socio-demographic and clinical modalities were defined and recorded for 131 patients having multi-bracket fixed appliances. The plaque index of subjects were recorded according to the Silness and Loe plaque index method. Independent sample t-test was used to see difference …

Jewish Dermatologists In Nazi Germany., Walter H.C. Burgdorf, Lawrence Charles Parish

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

With the development of medical specialties beginning in the 1860’s, physicians could devote their time to the study of specific organ systems or surgical approaches. Although Jews had been given full rights in the new Germany by 1871, prejudice and other restrictions often precluded hospital and university appointments. Major specialities like internal medicine and surgery were almost closed to Jews, as were obstetrics and gynecology. Dermatology with its heavy emphasis on sexually transmitted diseases evolved into a suitable domain for Jewish physicians almost by default. Even those Jews who converted to Christianity were not spared from discrimination. Paul Gerson Unna …

Teaching Health Advocacy To Medical Students: A Comparison Study., Julia Belkowitz, Lee M Sanders, Chi Zhang, Gauri Agarwal, Daniel Lichtstein, Alex J Mechaber, Esther K Chung

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

CONTEXT: Many encourage service learning and health advocacy training in medical student education, but related evaluation is limited.

OBJECTIVES: To assess (1) impact of a required community health advocacy training for medical students on student attitudes, knowledge, and skills; (2) student characteristics associated with higher advocacy knowledge and skills; and (3) perspectives of community-based organizations (CBOs).

DESIGN: Cross-sectional surveys.

SETTING: University of Miami Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM) Regional Medical Campus and main campus.

PARTICIPANTS: Medical students at both UMMSM campuses.

INTERVENTION: Required community health advocacy training for first- and second-year students including classroom experiences and hands-on project in partnership …

Acidosis Potentiates The Host Proinflammatory Interleukin-1Β Response To Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection, I. M. Torres, Y. R. Patankar, Tamer B. Shabaneh, E. Dolben, Deborah Hogan, David Leib, Brent L. Berwin

Dartmouth Scholarship

Infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and bacteria in general, frequently promotes acidification of the local microenvironment, and this is reinforced by pulmonary exertion and exacerbation. However, the consequence of an acidic environment on the host inflammatory response to P. aeruginosa infection is poorly understood. Here we report that the pivotal cellular and host proinflammatory interleukin-1β (IL-1β) response, which enables host clearance of the infection but can produce collateral inflammatory damage, is increased in response to P. aeruginosa infection within an acidic environment. Synergistic mechanisms that promote increased IL-1β release in response to P. aeruginosa infection in an acidic environment are …

Outcomes Of Splenectomy For Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura In Adults: A Developing Country Perspective., Amyn Pardhan, Aamir Hameed, Hasnain Zafar, Samia Mazahir, Ghulam Murtaza

Department of Medicine

Objective: to determine the outcome of splenectomy done in adult patients of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura over a period of 10 years and, secondarily, to determine the predictors of complete response to therapy.

Methods: The retrospective review comprised of adult patients over 14 years of age who underwent open or laparoscopic splenectomy for Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2000 to December 2010. Data was reviewed in January 2011 by a surgical resident. Outcome was the response to splenectomy as per new definition of response set by the American Society of Haematology 2011 evidence based practice …

A Unique Mri Presentation Of Fungal Infection In The Brain, Muhammad Bilal Salman Khan, Saad Shafqat, Ather Enam

Section of Neurology

Fungal infections of CNS are common in certain geographic locations. MRI with or without contrast is a useful prediagnostic tool. However, the findings may sometimes be misleading. In this case report, the authors present unusual imaging findings in the MRI of fungal infection in an immunocompetent host, whereby hyper-intense signals were seen on T2-weighted images and patchy post-contrast enhancement was observed with surrounding edema. These findings were suggestive of a neoplastic lesion but it was identified as aspergillosis on subsequent histopathology. This unusual MRI finding of CNS highlights the need to consider fungal infection as a differential diagnosis of all …

Non Communicable Diseases In Pakistan: Burden, Challenges And Way Forward For Health Care Authorities, Mohammad Wasay, Shehla Zaidi, Maria Khan, Rashid Jooma

Section of Neurology

No abstract provided.

Epidemiology, Determinants And Dynamics Of Cholera In Pakistan: Gaps And Prospects For Future Research., Maliha Naseer, Tanzil Jamali

Community Health Sciences

Cholera is one of the notifiable endemic diseases in Pakistan, but the reporting of cholera cases is still unsatisfactory. Most of the diagnosed cases are never reported to the relevant authorities. In the year 1993 - 2005, the country did not report any single case of cholera to the WHO. The objectives of this review were to understand the epidemiology and to identify the possible determinants of cholera infection in Pakistan. Medscape, Medline, PakMedinet and PubMed, was searched, using key words, epidemiology and determinants of cholera infection in Pakistan during 1995 - 2010. Morbidity and mortality due to cholera infection …

Diabetes Pathophysiology And Treatment Strategies, Beth Careyva Md

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Penyakit Tropik Dan Infeksi Pada Abad 21: Apakah Masih Relevan?, Suhendro Suwarto

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Empat puluh lima tahun lebih telah berlalu dari masa ketika seorang ahli bedah ternama, William H Stewart, menyatakan penemuan antibiotik dan vaksin merupakan bukti kemenangan dunia kedokteran terhadap ancaman penyakit infeksi. Lebih lanjut, saat itu beliau menyarankan perhatian dunia kedokteran harus kemudian diarahkan pada penanganan ancaman penyakit kronik

Nilai Diagnostik Rerata Tekanan Darah Pre Dan Post Hemodialisis Pada Pasien Yang Menjalani Hemodialisis Kronik, Ferry Tigor P. Purba, Parlindungan Siregar, Ginova Nainggolan, Hamzah Shatri

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan. Penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada pasien PGK (penyakit ginjal kronik) yang menjalani HD (hemodialisis) kronik adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler. Faktor utama penyebab kejadian kardiovaskuler pada pasien PGK yang menjalani HD adalah hipertensi. Diagnosis hipertensi pada pasien PGK yang menjalani HD tidaklah mudah. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya efek retensi cairan, office hypertension, dan proses ultrafiltrasi setelah HD. Baku emas diagnosis hipertensi pada pasien HD adalah pemeriksaan tekanan darah interdialitik dengan menggunakan alat ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Namun alat ini memiliki banyak kendala dalam pemeriksaannya. Studi sebelumnya yang meneliti tekanan darah pre dan post dialisis dibandingkan dengan tekanan darah …

Hipoalbuminemia Pada Pasien Usia Lanjut Dengan Pneumonia Komunitas: Prevalensi Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kesintasan, Wawan Kurniawan, C. Martin Rumende, Kuntjoro Harimurti

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan. Hipoalbuminemia merupakan salah satu penanda risiko mortalitas, tetapi belum banyak yang mempertimbangkan faktor waktu (seberapa cepat terjadinya mortalitas). Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh hipoalbuminemia terhadap kecepatan terjadinya mortalitas pada pasien usia lanjut dengan pneumonia komunitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi hipoalbuminemia dan pengaruhnya terhadap kesintasan pasien usia lanjut yang dirawat dengan pneumonia komunitas.

Metode. Penelitian dengan disain kohort retrospektif dilakukan terhadap 142 pasien usia lanjut dengan pneumonia komunitas yang dirawat di RSCM pada kurun waktu Januari-Oktober 2010. Data klinis dan laboratoris diambil dalam 24 jam pertama kedatangan (data sekunder) dan kemudian diikuti dalam 30 hari untuk melihat …

Peranan Gejala Klinis Dan Pemeriksaan Darah Tepi Dalam Diagnosis Dini Influenza Pada Pasien Dengan Gejala Influenza Like Illness, Adityo Susilo, Suhendro Suwarto, Iris Rengganis, Kuntjoro Harimurti

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan. Influenza merupakan penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh virus influenza. Pada manusia, influenza sering menimbulkan penyakit pernapasan akut dengan manifestasi klinis berupa influenza like illness. Penegakkan diagnosis influenza seringkali sulit oleh karena manifestasi klinis yang tidak khas. Demam disebut sebagai gejala klinis terpenting dan limfopenia didapatkan sebagai suatu temuan laboratoris yang konsisten. Usaha untuk mengetahui proporsi dan mengelaborasi gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan darah tepi sederhana diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan probabilitas diagnosis influenza. Tujuan. Mengetahui proporsi influenza serta mengevaluasi peranan gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium sederhana pada pasien penyakit pernapasan akut dengan influenza like illness sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai faktor prediktif …

Perbedaan Hasil Pemeriksaan Bioelectric Impedance Analysis Antara Status Nutrisi Baik Dan Malnutrisi Pada Penderita Penyakit Gastrointestinal Dan Hati Yang Dirawat Inap Di Rscm Tahun 2013, Taufiq Taufiq, Ari Fahrial Syam, C Rinaldi Lesmana, Suhendro Suwarto

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan. Bioelectric Impedance Analysis (BIA) mulai banyak digunakan dalam mengevaluasi status nutrisi. Belum ada data penelitian nutrisi di Indonesia yang menggunakan BIA. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata hasil pemeriksaan BIA antara status nutrisi baik dan malnutrisi pada penderita penyakit gastrointestinal dan hati yang dirawat inap.

Metode. Penelitian potong lintang retrospektif terhadap penderita yang dirawat inap di ruang perawatan interna RSCM periode 1 Juni-31 Desember 2013, untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata hasil pemeriksaan BIA penderita status nutrisi baik dan malnutrisi pada penyakit gastrointestinal dan hati yang dirawat inap.

Hasil. Dari 28 penderita dengan status nutrisi baik, 71,57% …

Skor Malnutrisi-Inflamasi, C-Reactive Protein Dan Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1 Pada Pasien Hemodialisis Yang Mengalami Aterosklerosis, J. Sarwono, Suhardjono Suhardjono, Parlindungan Siregar, Suhendro Suwarto

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan. Hemodialisis (HD) berkaitan erat dengan proses inflamasi yang persisten, inflamasi ini berhubungan dengan terjadinya kontak darah dengan membran dialisis, cairan dialisat, akses vaskuler dan infeksi. Peningkatan sitokin pro-inflamasi berperan penting terhadap terjadinya aterosklerosis selain faktor tradisional Framingham. Inflamasi juga berakibat anoreksia dan kondisi hiperkatabolik yang menyebabkan malnutrisi. Keadaan ini disebut sebagai Sindrom Malnutrisi-Inflamasi-Aterosklerosis. Karakteristik HD di Indonesia berbeda dengan negara maju, perbedaan tersebut terkait penggunaan dialyzer pakai ulang dan tipe low-flux, belum menggunakan dialisat ultrapure dan dosis HD yang tidak adekuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat beda rerata antara jumlah Skor-MI, hsCRP dan sTNFR-1 pada pasien …

Perbedaan Ph Lambung Pada Pasien Dispepsia Dengan Atau Tanpa Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Ilum Anam, Ari Fahrial Syam, Dante Saksono, Murdani Abdullah

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pendahuluan. Sindroma dispepsia sering dialami oleh penderita DM. Asam lambung salah satu faktor agresif terjadinya sindroma dispepsia dan tukak lambung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari perbedaan pH lambung pada pasien dispepsia DM dengan yang bukan DM dan untuk mengetahui apakah ada korelasi antara pH lambung dengan proteinuria dan HbA1c.

Metode. Pasien terdiri dari 30 kelompok DM dan 30 kelompok bukan DM. Masing-masing kelompok dihitung pH lambung basal. pH lambung basal diukur dgn memasukkan elektroda kateter kedalam lambung selama 30 menit kemudian di rekam dgn alat pH Metri merek Digitrapper pH-Z. Beratnya komplikasi DM diukur dengan mikroalbuminuria, sedangkan kendali …

Pseudoakalasia Sebagai Manifestasi Awal Karsinoma Sel Skuamosa Kepala Leher, Imelda Maria Loho, Ahmad Syibli, Achmad Fauzi

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Pada kasus-kasus yang langka, sekelompok gejala yang menyerupai akalasia dapat muncul sebagai akibat dari suatu penyebab ekstra esofageal dan disebut sebagai pseudoakalasia. Membedakan akalasia dengan pseudoakalasia merupakan sesuatu yang tidak mudah karena pemeriksaan klinis, radiologis, dan manometris, dapat memberikan hasil yang serupa. Berikut ini kami laporkan sebuah kasus pseudoakalasia yang mucul sebagai manifestasi awal karsinoma sel skuamosa kepala leher.

Kardiomiopati Pada Penderita Infeksi Hiv, Arif Sejati, Ika Prasetya Wijaya

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Jantung adalah salah satu organ yang dapat menjadi sumber morbiditas dan mortalitas pada penderita Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/ Acquired Immunodeificiency Syndrome (AIDS) namun jarang mendapat perhatian khusus. Sebelum era penggunaan highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) kelainan jantung khususnya kardiomiopati cukup sering ditemukan. Kardiomiopati didefinisikan sebagai kelompok penyakit heterogen yang dihubungkan dengan disfungsi mekanik dan/atau elektrik yang biasanya (namun tidak selalu) didapatkan hipertrofi atau dilatasi ventrikel yang abnormal dan disebabkan oleh beragam penyebab, kebanyakan genetik. Kardiomiopati pada pasien dengan HIV dapat digolongkan ke dalam kardiomiopati dilatasi yang didapat. Kardiomiopati pada penderita HIV/AIDS disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor: virus HIV, miokarditis, obat-obatan, dan …

Mouse Hepatitis Virus Infection Upregulates Genes Involved In Innate Immune Responses., Dhriti Chatterjee, Sankar Addya, Reas S Khan, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Alexander Choe, Randall J Cohrs, Kenneth S Shindler, Jayasri Das Sarma

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Neurotropic recombinant strain of Mouse Hepatitis Virus, RSA59, induces meningo-encephalitis, myelitis and demyelination following intracranial inoculation. RSA59 induced neuropathology is partially caused by activation of CNS resident microglia, as demonstrated by changes in cellular morphology and increased expression of a microglia/macrophage specific calcium ion binding factor, Iba1. Affymetrix Microarray analysis for mRNA expression data reveals expression of inflammatory mediators that are known to be released by activated microglia. Microglia-specific cell surface molecules, including CD11b, CD74, CD52 and CD68, are significantly upregulated in contrast to CD4, CD8 and CD19. Protein analysis of spinal cord extracts taken from mice 6 days post-inoculation, …

Research, Quality Improvement, And Evidence-Based Practice, Brian Stello Md

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Promotora-Led Diabetes Self-Care Education Lowers Depression Scores And Increases Patient Self-Efficacy, Robert Motley Md, Nyann Biery Ms, Hannah D. Paxton Rn, Mph, Cathy A. Coyne Phd, Mph, Sherrine Eid Mph

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Integrated Diabetes Oncology Care, Janelle M. Sharma Dnp, Crnp, Gregory R. Harper Md, Phd, Cara Habeck Rn, Cde, Cathy A. Coyne Phd, Mph, Roya Hamadani Mph, Hope Kincaid Mph, Cph, Ada M. Rivera Ba, Gretchen A. Perilli Md, Nicole R. Sully Do

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.