Medical Specialties Commons^™

Expression Of A Secreted Fibroblast Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 (Fgfbp1) In Angioproliferative Kaposi Sarcoma, Patricio E. Ray, Ali Al-Attar, Xue-Hui Liu, Jharna R. Das, Elena Tassi, Anton Wellstein

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Objective: Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative disease frequently seen in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Previous studies suggest that the HIV-1 protein Tat and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2) have synergistic angiogenic effects in AIDS-KS tumors. However, the mechanisms by which FGF-2 is released and activated in KS tumors are not clearly defined. We carried out this study to determine whether an FGFbinding protein (FGFBP1 or BP1) that enhances the angiogenic activity of FGF-2 is expressed in AIDS-KS tumors, and to define whether BP1, FGF-2, and HIV-Tat protein-protein interactions could play a potential clinically role in the …

Children's Hospital Association Consensus Statements For Comorbidities Of Childhood Obesity, Elizabeth Estrada, Ihuoma Eneli, Sarah Hampl, Michele L. Mietus-Snyder, Nazrat Mirza, Erinn Rhodes, Brooke Sweeney, Lydia Tinjaero-Deck, Susan J. Woolford, Stephen J. Pont

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background: Childhood obesity and overweight affect approximately 30% of US children. Many of these children have obesity-related comorbidities, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, fatty liver disease, diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), sleep apnea, psychosocial problems, and others. These children need routine screening and, in many cases, treatment for these conditions. However, because primary care pediatric providers (PCPs) often are underequipped to deal with these comorbidities, they frequently refer these patients to subspecialists. However, as a result of the US pediatric subspecialist shortage and considering that 12.5 million children are obese, access to care by subspecialists is limited. The aim of this …

Working Together For Global Health Goals: The United States Agency For International Development And Faith-Based Organizations, Clydette L. Powell

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

For many years, and before the term “FBO” was used for faith-based organizations, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has supported the work of FBOs in global health and development. The Agency has long recognized the impact of FBOs within that development space, because these organizations are often well positioned to reach the hard-to-reach and to go the last mile because of their strong ties to the community. Moreover, FBOs deliver a substantial percentage of the health services in some developing countries. Faith partners, whether Catholic, Protestant, Buddhist, Hindu, Muslim, or other, have an important role to play …

Proposed Guidelines For The Diagnosis And Management Of Methylmalonic And Propionic Acidemia., Matthias R Baumgartner, Friederike Hörster, Carlo Dionisi-Vici, Goknur Haliloglu, Daniela Karall, Kimberly A. Chapman, +19 Additional Authors

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Methylmalonic and propionic acidemia (MMA/PA) are inborn errors of metabolism characterized by accumulation of propionic acid and/or methylmalonic acid due to deficiency of methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MUT) or propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC). MMA has an estimated incidence of ~ 1: 50,000 and PA of ~ 1:100'000 -150,000. Patients present either shortly after birth with acute deterioration, metabolic acidosis and hyperammonemia or later at any age with a more heterogeneous clinical picture, leading to early death or to severe neurological handicap in many survivors. Mental outcome tends to be worse in PA and late complications include chronic kidney disease almost exclusively in MMA …

Aspirin Use And Knowledge In The Community: A Population- And Health Facility Based Survey For Measuring Local Health System Performance., Gregory A Roth, Catherine W. Gillespie, Ali A Mokdad, Danny D Shen, David W Fleming, Andy Stergachis, Christopher J L Murray, Ali H Mokdad

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the relationship between cardiovascular risk, disease and actual use of aspirin in the community.

METHODS: The Measuring Disparities in Chronic Conditions (MDCC) study is a community and health facility-based survey designed to track disparities in the delivery of health interventions for common chronic diseases. MDCC includes a survey instrument designed to collect detailed information about aspirin use. In King County, WA between 2011 and 2012, we surveyed 4633 white, African American, or Hispanic adults (45% home address-based sample, 55% health facility sample). We examined self-reported counseling on, frequency of use and risks of aspirin for …

Immunologic Special Forces: Anti-Pathogen Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Immunotherapy Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Michael Keller, Catherine M. Bollard

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Anti-pathogen adoptive T-cell immunotherapy has been proven to be highly effective in preventing or controlling viral infections following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Recent advances in manufacturing protocols allow an increased number of targeted pathogens, eliminate the need for viral transduction, broaden the potential donor pool to include pathogen-naïve sources, and reduce the time requirement for production. Early studies suggest that anti-fungal immunotherapy may also have clinical benefit. Future advances include further broadening of the pathogens that can be targeted and development of T-cells with resistance to pharmacologic immunosuppression.

Intermittent Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma And Chronic Angle Closure Following Topiramate Use With Plateau Iris Configuration, Lamise Z. Rajjoub, Nisha Chadha, David A. Belyea

Ophthalmology Faculty Publications

This is a case report describing recurrent intermittent acute angle closure episodes in the setting of topiramate use in a female suffering from migraines. Despite laser peripheral iridotomy placement for the pupillary block component, and the discontinuation of topiramate, the acute angle closure did not resolve in the left eye with chronic angle closure and the patient required urgent trabeculectomy. The right eye responded to laser peripheral iridotomy immediately and further improved after the cessation of topiramate. While secondary angle closure glaucoma due to topiramate use has been widely reported, its effects in patients with underlying primary angle closure glaucoma …

Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Modulates Inflammation And Scarring After Ligament Injury, Connie S. Chamberlain, Ellen M. Leiferman, Kayt E. Frisch, Sarah E. Duenwald-Kuehl, Stacey L. Brickson, William L. Murphy, Georffrey S. Baer, Ray Vanderby

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Ligaments have limited regenerative potential and as a consequence, repair is protracted and results in a mechanically inferior tissue more scar-like than native ligament. We previously reported that a single injection of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) delivered at the time of injury, decreased the number of M2 macrophage-associated inflammatory cytokines. Based on these results, we hypothesized that IL-1Ra administered after injury and closer to peak inflammation (as would occur clinically), would more effectively decrease inflammation and thereby improve healing. Since IL-1Ra has a short half-life, we also investigated the effect of multiple injections. The objective of this study was to …

The Influence Of Partial And Full Thickness Tears On Infraspinatus Tendon Strain Patterns, Kayt E. Frisch, David Marcu, Geoffrey S. Baer, Darryl G. Thelen, Ray Vanderby

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Tears on the bursal and articular sides of the rotator cuff tendons are known to behave differently and strain is thought to play a role in this difference. This study investigates the effect of tear location on the changes in three strain measurements (grip-to-grip, insertion, and mid-substance tissue) in a sheep infraspinatus tendon model during axial loading. We introduced a 14mm wide defect near the insertion from either the articular or bursal side of the tendon to three depths (3 mm, 7mm & full) progressively. For each condition, tendons were sinusoidally stretched (4% at 0.5 Hz) while insertion and midsubstance …

Later School Start Times In Adolescence: Time For A Change, Paul Kelley, Clark Lee

Homeland Security Publications

This briefing paper summarizes the latest research on the subject of chronic sleep deprivation on education and health in adolescents, explores policy options to address this education and public health issue, and sets forth the recommendation that education start times be adjusted appropriately for U.S adolescents.

Community Engagement As A Process And An Outcome Of Developing Culturally Grounded Health Communication Interventions: An Example From The Decide Project, Angela L. Palmer-Wackerly, Jessica Krok, Phokeng M. Dailey, Linda Kight, Janice L. Krieger

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

Community engagement is a process often used in developing effective health communication interventions, especially in traditionally underserved cultural contexts. While the potentially positive outcomes of community engagement are well established, the communication processes that result in engagement with cultural groups are less apparent. The focus on the outcomes of engagement at the expense of describing how engagement occurs makes it difficult for methods to be improved upon and replicated by future studies. The purpose of the current manuscript is to illustrate the process of achieving community engagement through the development of a culturally grounded health communication intervention. We offer practical …

The Role Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) In Focal Therapy For Prostate Cancer: Recommendations From A Consensus Panel, B. G. Muller, J. J. Futterer, R. T. Gupta, A. Katz, A. Kirkham, J. Kurhanewicz, J. W. Moul, A. R. Rastinehad, C. Robertson, M. Marberger, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: To establish a consensus on the utility of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) to identify patients for focal therapy. METHODS: Urological surgeons, radiologists, and basic researchers, from Europe and North America participated in a consensus meeting about the use of mpMRI in focal therapy of prostate cancer. The consensus process was face-to-face and specific clinical issues were raised and discussed with agreement sought when possible. All participants are listed among the authors. Topics specifically did not include staging of prostate cancer, but rather identifying the optimal requirements for performing MRI, and the current status of optimally performed mpMRI to …

Arthroscopic Subscapularis Bankart Technique As A Salvage Procedure For Failed Anterior Shoulder Stabilization, S. Chaudhury, D. Delos, J. S. Dines, D. W. Altchek, C. C. Dodson, A. M. Newman, S. J. O'Brien

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Shoulder instability is a relatively common problem. Even with contemporary surgical techniques, instability can recur following both open and arthroscopic fixation. Surgical management of capsular insufficiency in anterior shoulder stabilization represents a significant challenge, particularly in young, active patients. There are a limited number of surgical treatment options. The Laterjet technique can present with a number of intraoperative challenges and postoperative complication.; DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUE: We report an arthroscopic subscapularis tenodesis technique as a salvage procedure for challenging glenohumeral instability cases. Sutures are passed through the subscapularis tendon and capsule before they are tied as one in the subdeltoid …

Shoulder Instability After Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Case Of Arthroscopic Repair, A. O. Gee, M. E. Angeline, J. S. Dines, D. M. Dines

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Does The Direct Anterior Approach In Tha Offer Faster Rehabilitation And Comparable Safety To The Posterior Approach?, J. A. Rodriguez, A. J. Deshmukh, P. A. Rathod, M. L. Greiz, P. P. Deshmane, M. S. Hepinstall, A. S. Ranawat

Journal Articles

Newer surgical approaches to THA, such as the direct anterior approach, may influence a patient's time to recovery, but it is important to make sure that these approaches do not compromise reconstructive safety or accuracy. We compared the direct anterior approach and conventional posterior approach in terms of (1) recovery of hip function after primary THA, (2) general health outcomes, (3) operative time and surgical complications, and (4) accuracy of component placement. In this prospective, comparative, nonrandomized study of 120 patients (60 direct anterior THA, 60 posterior THAs), we assessed functional recovery using the VAS pain score, timed up and …

Tissue Engineered Meniscus Repair: Influence Of Cell Passage Number, Tissue Origin, And Biomaterial Carrier, J. A. Schwartz, W. Wang, T. Goldstein, D. A. Grande

Journal Articles

Objective. Studies have shown that meniscal repairs have better outcomes over both partial and total meniscectomies. Tissue engineering strategies to repair meniscus tears have been explored using cell sources that involve a donor as well as a period of in vitro cell expansion before use. This study explored cell sources that could be easily harvested and rapidly isolated by enzymatic digestion and cannulated delivery. Methods. Bovine menisci were used to create a bucket handle tear. Cell lines were established from meniscus, synovium, and adipose tissue and fluorescently labeled. At passages P2, P4, and P8, cells were added to the defect …

Minimally Invasive Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion With Direct Psoas Visualization, P. S. Yuan, K. Rowshan, R. B. Verma, L. E. Miller, J. E. Block

Journal Articles

Background: Minimally invasive lateral approaches to the lumbar spine have been adopted to allow access to the intervertebral disc space while avoiding the complications associated with anterior or posterior approaches. This report describes a minimally invasive technique for lateral lumbar interbody fusion LLIF that allows direct intraoperative visualization of the psoas and surrounding neurovasculature (DV-LIF). Methods: The technique utilizes a radiolucent tubular retractor and a secondary psoas retractor that allows a muscle-sparing approach while offering excellent visualization of the operative site. The unique advantage of this procedure is that the psoas muscle and surrounding nerves can be directly visualized intraoperatively …

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Tobacco Use And Prostate Cancer Mortality And Incidence In Prospective Cohort Studies, F. Islami, D. M. Moreira, P. Boffetta, S. J. Freedland

Journal Articles

Context: An association between tobacco smoking and prostate cancer (PCa) incidence and mortality was suggested in an earlier meta-analysis of 24 prospective studies in which dose-response associations and risks per unit of tobacco use were not examined. Objective: We investigated the association between several measures of tobacco use and PCa mortality (primary outcome) and incidence (secondary outcome) including dose-response association. Evidence acquisition: Relevant articles from prospective studies were identified by searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases (through January 21, 2014) and reference lists of relevant articles. Combined relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using …

Health-Related Quality Of Life (Hrqol) In Cystine Compared With Non-Cystine Stone Formers, F. Modersitzki, L. Pizzi, M. Grasso, D. S. Goldfarb

Journal Articles

Cystinuria is a genetic cause of recurrent kidney stones which may be more recurrent and larger than more common non-cystine stones. They may have a greater impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We measured this impact by surveying HRQoL in patients with stones, comparing non-cystine stone formers (NCSF) to cystine stone formers (CYSF) and both groups to normative values of the US population. We used SF-36v2 via an internet instrument. CYSF patients were recruited via cystinuria-related websites, two patient advocacy groups, and an active endourology practice. NCSF patients were recruited from the same practice and by email. Total n …

Cigarette Smoking Is Associated With An Increased Risk Of Biochemical Disease Recurrence, Metastasis, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, And Mortality After Radical Prostatectomy: Results From The Search Database, D. M. Moreira, W. J. Aronson, M. K. Terris, C. J. Kane, C. L. Amling, M. R. Cooperberg, P. Boffetta, S. J. Freedland

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: The current study was conducted to analyze the association between cigarette smoking and metastasis (the primary outcome) as well as time to biochemical disease recurrence (BCR), metastasis, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and prostate cancer-specific and overall mortality (secondary outcomes) after radical prostatectomy among men from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital cohort. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed of 1450 subjects for whom smoking status was available from preoperative notes. Analysis of baseline characteristics by smoking status was performed using the chi-square and rank sum tests. The association between smoking status and time to the event was analyzed …

Predicting Bone Scan Positivity After Biochemical Recurrence Following Radical Prostatectomy In Both Hormone-Naive Men And Patients Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy: Results From The Search Database, D. M. Moreira, M. R. Cooperberg, L. E. Howard, W. J. Aronson, C. J. Kane, M. K. Terris, C. L. Amling, M. Kuchibhatla, S. J. Freedland

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the factors associated with positive bone scans after biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy in both hormone-naive subjects and subjects after androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 380 bone scans of 301 hormone-naive subjects and 214 bone scans of 137 subjects after ADT following BCR from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital database. Generalized estimating equations and local regression plots were used to evaluate bone scan positivity by patients' demographics, pathological features, PSA levels and kinetics. RESULTS: Among hormone-naive subjects and subjects on ADT, bone scan positivity was seen in 24 (6%) and 65 (30%) …

Pharmacologically Induced Erect Penile Length And Stretched Penile Lengh Are Both Good Predictors Of Post-Inflatable Prosthesis Penile Length, E. C. Osterberg, A. Maganty, R. Ramasamy, J. F. Eid

Journal Articles

Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) remains the gold standard for the surgical treatment of refractory erectile dysfunction; however, current literature to aid surgeons on how best to counsel patients on their postoperative inflated penile length is lacking. The aim of this study was to identify preoperative parameters that could better predict postoperative penile length following insertion of an IPP. Twenty men were enrolled in a prospective study examining penile lengths before and after IPP surgery. Patients with Peyronie's disease were excluded from this analysis. Baseline preoperative characteristics, including body mass index, history of hypertension, diabetes, Sexual Health Inventory for Men scores …

Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy In Men With Proctocolectomy And Restorative Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis, M. Leapman, Y. S. Kwon, S. A. Collingwood, E. Chin, M. Katsigeorgis, A. R. Hobbs, D. B. Samadi

Journal Articles

We conducted a retrospective chart review of robotic prostatectomies done by a single surgeon between 2003 and 2012. During that time period, we identified two patients within the year 2012, with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPPA) who also underwent robotic prostatectomies. The demographics and postoperative characteristics of the two patients were assessed. In both patients, prostatectomy, bilateral nerve sparing, and pelvic lymphadenectomy were successfully performed and the integrity of ileal pouch was maintained. There was a mean surgical time of 144.5 minutes, and an average estimated blood loss was 125 mL. Both patients were discharged on the second day postoperatively. In …

Is Aggressive Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma Really Aggressive Digital Papillary Adenocarcinoma?, S. Chen, M. Asgari

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Papillary Adenocarcinoma In Situ Of The Skin: Report Of Four Cases, S. Chen, M. Asgari

Journal Articles

Although rare isolated cases of adenocarcinoma in situ of skin have been reported in the literature, adenocarcinoma in situ of skin as a concept and as a diagnostic category has not been established in the field of dermatopathology. In this work, four cases of papillary adenocarcinoma in situ of the skin are presented. In addition, the notion that lesions previously reported in the medical literature under the term of "papillary eccrine adenoma" are actually adenocarcinoma in situ is discussed.

Corticocortical Evoked Potentials Reveal Projectors And Integrators In Human Brain Networks, C. J. Keller, C. J. Honey, L. Entz, S. Bickel, D. M. Groppe, E. Toth, I. Ulbert, F. A. Lado, A. D. Mehta

Journal Articles

The cerebral cortex is composed of subregions whose functional specialization is largely determined by their incoming and outgoing connections with each other. In the present study, we asked which cortical regions can exert the greatest influence over other regions and the cortical network as a whole. Previous research on this question has relied on coarse anatomy (mapping large fiber pathways) or functional connectivity (mapping inter-regional statistical dependencies in ongoing activity). Here we combined direct electrical stimulation with recordings from the cortical surface to provide a novel insight into directed, inter-regional influence within the cerebral cortex of awake humans. These networks …

Evoked Effective Connectivity Of The Human Neocortex, L. Entz, E. Toth, C. J. Keller, S. Bickel, D. M. Groppe, D. Fabo, L. R. Kozak, L. Eross, I. Ulbert, A. D. Mehta

Journal Articles

The role of cortical connectivity in brain function and pathology is increasingly being recognized. While in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies have provided important insights into anatomical and functional connectivity, these methodologies are limited in their ability to detect electrophysiological activity and the causal relationships that underlie effective connectivity. Here, we describe results of cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP) mapping using single pulse electrical stimulation in 25 patients undergoing seizure monitoring with subdural electrode arrays. Mapping was performed by stimulating adjacent electrode pairs and recording CCEPs from the remainder of the electrode array. CCEPs reliably revealed functional networks and showed an …

Exemplar Selectivity Reflects Perceptual Similarities In The Human Fusiform Cortex, I. Davidesco, E. Zion-Golumbic, S. Bickel, M. Harel, D. M. Groppe, C. J. Keller, C. A. Schevon, G. M. Mckhann, R. R. Goodman, G. Goelman, C. E. Schroeder, A. D. Mehta, R. Malach

Journal Articles

While brain imaging studies emphasized the category selectivity of face-related areas, the underlying mechanisms of our remarkable ability to discriminate between different faces are less understood. Here, we recorded intracranial local field potentials from face-related areas in patients presented with images of faces and objects. A highly significant exemplar tuning within the category of faces was observed in high-Gamma (80-150 Hz) responses. The robustness of this effect was supported by single-trial decoding of face exemplars using a minimal (n = 5) training set. Importantly, exemplar tuning reflected the psychophysical distance between faces but not their low-level features. Our results reveal …

Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor Dock7 Mediates Hgf- Induced Glioblastoma Cell Invasion Via Rac Activation, D. W. Murray, S. Didier, A. Chan, V. Paulino, L. Van Aelst, R. Ruggieri, N. L. Tran, A. T. Byrne, M. Symons

Journal Articles

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly invasive primary brain tumour, remains an incurable disease. Rho GTPases and their activators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), have central roles in GBM invasion. Anti-angiogenic therapies may stimulate GBM invasion via HGF/c-Met signalling. We aim to identify mediators of HGF-induced GBM invasion that may represent targets in a combination anti-angiogenic/anti-invasion therapeutic paradigm. Methods: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor expression was measured by microarray analysis and western blotting. Specific depletion of proteins was accomplished using siRNA. Cell invasion was determined using matrigel and brain slice assays. Cell proliferation and survival were monitored using sulforhodamine B and …

Head Model And Electrical Source Imaging: A Study Of 38 Epileptic Patients, G. Birot, L. Spinelli, S. Vulliemoz, P. Megevand, D. Brunet, M. Seeck, C. M. Michel

Journal Articles

Electrical source imaging (ESI) aims at reconstructing the electrical brain activity from scalp EEG. When applied to interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), this technique is of great use for identifying the irritative zone in focal epilepsies. Inaccuracies in the modeling of electro-magnetic field propagation in the head (forward model) may strongly influence ESI and lead to mislocalization of IED generators. However, a systematic study on the influence of the selected head model on the localization precision of IED in a large number of patients with known focus localization has not yet been performed. We here present such a performance evaluation of …