Medical Specialties Commons^™

Theodor Billroth And His Musical Life., Patrick A. Hartendorp, B.S., Charles J. Yeo, Md, Pinckney J. Maxwell, Iv, Md

Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles

Although most widely recognized for the two types of gastric reconstructions that bear his name, Christian Albert Theodor Billroth was one of the most innovative surgeons of his time. His contributions included developing techniques for procedures on the larynx, breast, and esophagus. He pioneered sterility and antisepsis in operating rooms. He also improved surgical education by advocating for longer apprenticeships, which helped create a framework for today’s residency programs. However, what often goes unnoticed was Dr. Billroth’s love for music, a passion that fueled him throughout his life.

Cyclin D1 Induces Chromosomal Instability., Mathew C Casimiro, Richard Pestell

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

We developed mouse model systems to investigate the potential for cyclin D1 to induce CIN in vivo. In a mammary gland specific Tet-inducible model the acute expression profile regulated by cyclin D1 after 7 days was enriched in genes that rank highly with CIN. We also used a mammary gland targeted model (MMTV) to continuously express cyclin D1. The mice started to develop mammary gland tumors at 400 days and the tumor-free incidence was 40% in MMTV-cyclin D1. The gene expression profile of the tumors showed enrichment for the CIN signature. We next compared cyclin D1 expression and the highest …

Small Non-Coding Rnas Govern Mammary Gland Tumorigenesis., Zuoren Yu, Richard Pestell

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Small non-coding RNAs include siRNA, miRNA, piRNA and snoRNA. The involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of mammary gland tumorigenesis has been widely studied while the role for other small non-coding RNAs remains unclear. Here we summarize the involvement of miRNA in breast cancer onset and progression through regulating the cell cycle and cellular proliferation. The regulation of breast cancer stem cells and tumor regeneration by miRNA is reviewed. In addition, the emerging evidence demonstrating the involvement of piRNA and snoRNA in breast cancer is briefly described.

Robotic Surgery Training With Commercially Available Simulation Systems In 2011: A Current Review And Practice Pattern Survey From The Society Of Urologic Robotic Surgeons., Costas D Lallas, John W Davis And Members Of The Society Of Urologic Robotic Surgeons

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

Abstract Objectives: Virtual reality (VR) simulation has the potential to standardize surgical training for robotic surgery. We sought to evaluate all commercially available VR robotic simulators. Materials and Methods: A MEDLINE(®) literature search was performed of all applicable keywords. Available VR simulators were evaluated with regard to face, content, and construct validation. Additionally, a survey was e-mailed to all members of the Endourological Society, querying the pervasiveness of VR simulators in robotic surgical training. Finally, each company was e-mailed to ask for a price quote for their respective system. Results: There are four VR robotic surgical simulators currently available: RoSS™, …

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, Gulzar Salman Amlani

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Acute renal failure refers to sudden deterioration in biochemical and physiological functioning of kidneys and often associated with multi organ failure. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) holds special significance for the treatment of renal failure due to a variety of factors. It is believed that CRRT helps in restoration of acid-base imbalances and electrolyte abnormalities. Along with that, with gradual solute removal, it ensures haemodynamic stability and prevents the risk of cerebral oedema in neurosurgery patients. Besides this, several studies have supported that CRRT enables practitioners to adjust drug dosages and prevent drug accumulation and overdose. In addition, gradual removal …

Uchunguzi (Journal Watch/Montre De Journal) March 2012, Benjamin Wachira

Emergency Medicine, East Africa

Uchunguzi means investigation in Swahili and provides a summary of some of the most recent international literature as presented in other leading journals, but with an emphasis on what is relevant to our continent.

Can Community Based Interventions Control Hypertension In Developing Countries? What Is The Evidence From Pakistan?, Farzin Majeed, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Readers Are Leaders In Publishing, Kiran Ejaz, Haider Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

No abstract provided.

Lpl Gene Variants Affect Apoc-Iii Response To Combination Therapy Of Statins And Fenofibric Acid In A Randomized Clinical Trial Of Individuals With Mixed Dyslipidemia, Ariel Brautbar, Salim S. Virani, John Belmont, Vijay Nambi, Peter H. Jones, Christie M. Ballantyne

Office of the Provost

ApoC-III is a proatherogenic protein associated with elevated triglycerides; its deficiency is associated with reduced atherosclerosis. Mixed dyslipidemia, characterized by elevated triglyceride and apoC-III levels and low HDL cholesterol level, with or without elevated LDL cholesterol, increases cardiovascular disease risk and is commonly treated with combined statin and fibrate therapy. We sought to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with apoC-III level response to combination therapy with statins and fenofibric acid (FA) in individuals with mixed dyslipidemia. Participants (n = 1,250) in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled study examining response to FA alone and in combination with statin were genotyped …

Oncolog, Volume 57, Number 03, March 2012, Zach Bohannan, Sarah Bronson, Bryan Tutt

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Precision Robotic Tools Facilitate Minimally Invasive Prostectomy: Surgeons face a treacherous landscape when they perform a proctectomy
• Fluorescence Cystoscopy Detects Hard-to-Find Bladder Tumors: Fluorescence cystoscopy, although not yet widely used in United States, has been shown to be effective for detecting tumors in the bladder that might not be visible with standard cystoscopy
• New HPV Vaccine Recommendations Could Have Multiple Benefits: New recommendations for vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) are intended to prevent cervical cancer but may also decrease the incidence rates of other cancers
• HOUSE CALL: Tanning Beds Pose Health Risks: Dangers of tanning range from wrinkled skin to …

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Spring 2012), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Spring 2012 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Message from the President
• PCOM Updates
• Development News
• Tug of War
• Founders’ Day 2012
• Building Social and Emotional Competence in Preschool Children
• Pioneering Color in MRI Imaging
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn Essay
• The Fund for PCOM

Loss Of Consciousness In Bathrooms, Mohammad Wasay

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Impact Of A Medically Supervised Weight Management Program On Obese And Morbidly Obese Persons, Gemechu Abraham Kurfessa

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: Overweight and obesity represent a major public health problem. While some studies indicate that a clinic-based, healthy-lifestyle program can result in significant weight loss, a systemic review of major commercial weight loss programs concluded that the evidence to support the use of such programs is minimal. While few argue for the need for weight loss in obese individuals it is important to identify factors associated with successful weight loss. These factors could include financial incentives, frequency of intervention sessions, use of adjunctive weight loss medications and supplemental diet products, and availability of group vs. individual therapy sessions. In addition, …

Barriers And Perceptions Regarding Different Contraceptives And Family Planning Practices Amongst Men And Women Of Reproductive Age In Rural Pakistan: A Qualitative Study, Syed Khurram Azmat, Ghulam Mustafa, Waqas Hameed, Muhammad Ali, Aftab Ahmed, Mohsina Bilgrami

Community Health Sciences

Background: Pakistan ranks as one of the most poorest and most populous in the world with poor reproductive health indicators. This study helps in understanding barriers and perceptions regarding Family Planning (FP), modern contraception, quality of care and free of charge FP services amongst men and women in rural Pakistan.
Methods: Employing purposive sampling and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) technique, this qualitative study was conducted with men and women of reproductive age in Pakistan. A total of eight FGDs were conducted in Sindh and Punjab provinces. Being descriptive in nature, the study provided a thematic analysis of the relevant health …

Anthropogenic Climate Change And Allergic Diseases, James Blando, Leonard Bielory, Viann Nguyen, Rafael Diaz, Hueiwang Anna Jeng

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Climate change is expected to have an impact on various aspects of health, including mucosal areas involved in allergic inflammatory disorders that include asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis and anaphylaxis. The evidence that links climate change to the exacerbation and the development of allergic disease is increasing and appears to be linked to changes in pollen seasons (duration, onset and intensity) and changes in allergen content of plants and their pollen as it relates to increased sensitization, allergenicity and exacerbations of allergic airway disease. This has significant implications for air quality and for the global food supply.

Angioembolization In Itractable Epistaxis—A Tertiary Care Experience, Maqbool Ahmed Baloch, Mohammad Sohail Awan, Hassan Nabeel Humayun

Department of Surgery Docs

Objective: To review the role of angioembolization in the control of intractable epistaxis at our institution. Methods: A retrospective review of the charts of the patients between Jan 2001 to June 2010 at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi was done. All patients who underwent angioembolization for intractable epistaxis were included in the study. Patients with nasal or nasopharyngeal mass were excluded. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 16. Results: Total numbers of the patients were 16. Fourteen (87.5%) patients were male and 2(12.5%) were female with mean age 51.2 ± 12.922 years (range 26-71 years). In 11(68.75%) patients there …

Frequency And Clinical Variants Of Specific Dermatoses In Third Trimester Of Pregnancy: A Study From A Tertiary Care Centre, Sadra Masood, Dilawar Abbas Rizvi, Saadia Tabassum, Shaheen Akhtar, Rehan Uddin Alvi

Section of Internal Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of patients with dermatoses in the third trimester of pregnancy and to identify various clinical types of dermatoses in the third trimester.

METHODS: The study was carried out at the Department of Dermatology and the Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from January 2 to July 1, 2008. Two hundred pregnant women in their third trimester were included in the study. The diagnosis was based on history, clinical examination and relevant investigations. Patients with physiological dermatoses and dermatoses which flare up during pregnancy were excluded. A comprehensive pro-forma was used to evaluate …

Old Remedies For Epilepsy: Avicenna's Medicine., A A Asadi-Pooya, A R Nikseresht, E Yaghoubi

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The history of epilepsy and its treatments dates back to at least 4 millennia. Avicenna, c. 980 AD in Bukhara, Khorasan-1037 in Hamedan was a Persian-speaking Iranian physician, who has many recommendations and suggested various therapies for epilepsy in his book, The Canon of Medicine.

METHODS: We first reviewed the most important ancient treatments for epilepsy mentioned by Avicenna and considered those as the key words for our next step. Then, we made a literature search (medline and scopus) with those key words to find out new scientific findings in modern medicine about the Avicenna's suggestions.

RESULTS: Among the …

Cell Membrane And Cytoplasmic Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma., Amit Mahipal, Mary J Mcdonald, Agnieszka Witkiewicz, Brian I Carr

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

The significance of over-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in pancreatic carcinoma is unclear. In this study, we examined the association between EGFR over-expression (membranous and cytoplasmic), the associated histopathologic features and clinical outcomes in post-resection pancreatic cancer patients. EGFR expression was determined immunohistochemically in 90 patients who underwent resection for pancreatic cancer. Cytoplasmic expression was considered positive if EGFR expression was seen in the cytoplasm in ≥ 10% of cells. Cell membrane staining was scored from 0 to 3+, with 2+ and 3+ being considered as membrane over-expression. Overall survival and progression-free survival were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier …

Nutritional Status In Patients With Hepatitis C, Faisal Wasim Ismail, Rustam A. Khan, Lubna Kamani, Ashfaq A. Wadalawala, Hasnain Ali Shah, Saeed Hamid, Wasim Jafri

Section of Gastroenterology

Objective: To assess the nutritional status via the SGA (subjective global assessment) screening tool of patients at all stages of hepatitis C virus (HCV) liver disease.
Study design: Descriptive study.
Place and duration of study: Out-patient Clinics of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, conducted from October 2009 to January 2011.
Methodology: Patients with hepatitis C virus infection and their HCV-negative attendants were enrolled from the outpatient clinics, and categorized into 4 groups of 100 patients each: healthy controls (HC), those with chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC), compensated cirrhotics (CC) and decompensated cirrhotics (DC). The validated subjective global assessment (SGA) …

Advocate For Immunizations., Angela L. Myers

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Latest Update On The Clinical Features And Management Of Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Ahmed Nadeem Abbasi, Sumaiya Zahid

Department of Radiation Oncology

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), is a rare, highly malignant skin tumour, with a poor prognosis. Though the aetiology of MCC is not known, but there are several features that it shares with melanoma. These include the natural history, clinical features and behaviour, e.g. an early spread to nodal sites, high local recurrence rate and early metastasis. Incidence of MCC is seen to be increased in immunosuppressed transplant patients, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in B cell malignancies, with a strong male predominance. Despite the ongoing research and advancement, MCC yet poses a challenge to the clinicians because of its …

Invited Commentary On: Orthotopic Heart Transplantation In Patients With Metabolic Risk Factors, Nicholas C. Cavarocchi, Paul Mather

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

This is invited commentary to the following article:

Kilic, A., Conte, J. V., Shah, A. S., & Yuh, D. D. (2012). Orthotopic heart transplantation in patients with metabolic risk factors. Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 93(3), 718-724.

Relation Of Torsion And Myocardial Strains To Lv Ejection Fraction In Hypertension, Mustafa I. Ahmed Md, Ravi V. Desai Md, Krishna K. Gaddam Md, Bharath A. Venkatesh Phd, Shilpi Agarwal Ms, Md, Seidu Inusah Ms, Steven G. Lloyd Md, Thomas S. Denney Jr Phd, David Calhoun Md, Louis J. Dell'italia Md, Himanshu Gupta Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Can Community Based Interventions Control Hypertension In Developing Countries? What Is The Evidence From Pakistan?, Farzin Majeed, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Section of Neurology

No abstract provided.

Establishing A Center Of Excellence For Security Science And Engineering, Ke-Xun Sun

NSTec UNLV Symposium

Outline

• Introduction
• Progress report
• NNSA proposal to establishCenter of Excellence for Security Science and Engineering
• Perspective on UNLV-NSTec collaboration

Radiography And Image Processing, Stephen E. Mitchell

NSTec UNLV Symposium

Outline

• Introduction
• What? Why? Etc.
• Pulsed Power
• Diode Physics
• Radiography ABC’s
• Challenges

Irritable Bowel Syndrome And Psychiatric Disorders In Pakistan: A Case Control Study., Amna Subhan Butt, Mohammad Salih, Wasim Jafri, Javed Yakoob, Mohammad Wasay, Saeed Hamid

Section of Gastroenterology

Background:The psychiatric disorders like anxiety and depression could have a profound influence on onset, expression, and course of Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Aim: To estimate the frequency and strength of association of common mental disorders (CMDs) in Patients with IBS and Patients with other chronic diseases, that is, migraine and hypertension. Method: This was a case control study. Individuals aged 18-70 years diagnosed as IBS were enrolled as cases. The control groups consisted of Patients without IBS but diagnosed to have a chronic disease, that is, migraine or HTN. Self-Reporting Questonnaire-20(SRQ-20) was used as a screening tool for the …

Transcriptional Regulation Of N-Acetylglutamate Synthase, Sandra Kirsch Heibel, Giselle Yvette Lopez, Maria Panglao, Sonal Sodha, Leonardo Marino-Ramirez, Mendel Tuchman, Ljubica Caldovic

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The urea cycle converts toxic ammonia to urea within the liver of mammals. At least 6 enzymes are required for ureagenesis, which correlates with dietary protein intake. The transcription of urea cycle genes is, at least in part, regulated by glucocorticoid and glucagon hormone signaling pathways. N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) produces a unique cofactor, N-acetylglutamate (NAG), that is essential for the catalytic function of the first and rate-limiting enzyme of ureagenesis, carbamyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1). However, despite the important role of NAGS in ammonia removal, little is known about the mechanisms of its regulation. We identified two regions of high …

Alcohol And Marijuana Use While Driving-An Unexpected Crash Risk In Pakistani Commercial Drivers: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Mohammed Umer Mir, Imran Khan, Bilal Ahmed, J. Razzak

Department of Emergency Medicine

Background:A significant proportion of road traffic crashes are attributable to alcohol and marijuana use while driving globally. Sale and use of both substances is illegal in Pakistan and is not considered a threat for road traffic injuries. However literature hints that this may not be the case. We did this study to assess usage of alcohol and marijuana in Pakistani commercial drivers.
Methods:A sample of 857 commercial bus and truck drivers was interviewed in October 2008 at the largest commercial vehicle station in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Time location cluster sampling was used to select the subjects and …