Medical Specialties Commons^™

Diagnosis Of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis On Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology: A Case Report And Review Of The Cytology Literature, Neeta Kumar, Shahin Sayed, Sudhir Vinayak

Pathology, East Africa

A case of multifocal Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a two-year-old child is presented where fine needle aspiration was helpful in achieving a rapid and accurate diagnosis in an appropriate clinical and radiological setting. This can avoid unnecessary biopsy and guide the management especially where access to histopathology is limited. The highly characteristic common and rare cytological features are highlighted with focus on differential diagnoses and causes of pitfalls.

The Impact Of Hospice And Dementia Special Care Units On End-Of-Life Care For Individuals With Dementia, Catherine Elizabeth Mccarty

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Hospice and Dementia Special Care Units (DSCUs) have been shown to be gold standards of care for individuals who are dying and for those with dementia in nursing homes. Using a retrospective administrator and family survey, this study investigated whether the processes of care used in hospice and DSCUs are associated with increased quality of end of life (EOL) care for individuals with dementia. A convenience sample of 17 facilities in four states (FL, PA, MD and MA) was included in the study. Nursing home administrators were surveyed between September 2008 and October 2009. The administrators identified 116 family …

Ventral Hernia Repairs: 10 Year Single Institution Review At Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Frederick C. Sailes, Md, Jason Walls, Md, Daria Guelig, Md, Mike Mirzabeigi, Ma, William D. Long, Ms, Albert Crawford, Phd, John H. Moore Jr, Md, Facs, Steven E. Copit, Md, Gary A. Tuma, M.D, James Fox, Md

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Abstract

Background Definitive repair of recurrent ventral hernias using abdominal wall reconstruction techniques is an essential tool in the armentarium for general and plastic surgeons. Ramirez 1 et al describes the “component separation” technique to mobilize the rectus-abdominus internal oblique and external oblique flap to correct the defect. The recurrence rate of incisional hernias increases to 20% after gastric bypass or extensive weight loss.2 The incidence of ventral hernias after failed recurrent hernia repair increases to 40%.3 It has been reported that utilizing the sliding myofascial flap repair technique, the recurrence rate was reduced to 8.5%.4

Materials and Methods This …

Cathepsin B: A Potential Prognostic Marker For Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Mohamed A. Nouh, Mona M. Mohamed, Mohamed El-Shinawi, Mohamed A. Shaalan, Dora Cavallo-Medved, Hussein M. Khaled, Bonnie F. Sloane

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer. In non-IBC, the cysteine protease cathepsin B (CTSB) is known to be involved in cancer progression and invasion; however, very little is known about its role in IBC.

Methods

In this study, we enrolled 23 IBC and 27 non-IBC patients. All patient tissues used for analysis were from untreated patients. Using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting, we assessed the levels of expression of CTSB in IBC versus non-IBC patient tissues. Previously, we found that CTSB is localized to caveolar membrane microdomains in cancer cell lines including IBC, and …

Unilateral Thalamic Infarction Presenting As Vertical Gaze Palsy: A Case Report, Muhib Khan, Christos Sidiropoulos, Panayiotis Mitsias

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Introduction

Vertical gaze palsy is a recognized manifestation of midbrain lesions. It rarely is a consequence of unilateral thalamic infarction.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 48-year-old African-American woman who presented to our facility with vertical gaze palsy and evidence of left medial thalamic infarct on diffusion-weighted imaging without coexisting midbrain ischemia. The etiology of infarct was determined to be small vessel disease after extensive investigation.

Conclusions

This report suggests a possible role of the thalamus as a vertical gaze control center. Clinicoradiological studies are needed to further define the role of the thalamus in vertical gaze …

Lack Of An Association Of Mir-938 Snp In Iddm10 With Human Type 1 Diabetes, Xiaofan Mi, Hongzhi He, Yangxin Deng, Abert M. Levin, Jin-Xiong She, Qing-Sheng Mi, Li Zhou

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a newly discovered type of small non-protein coding RNA that function in the inhibition of effective mRNA translation, and may serve as susceptibility genes for various disease developments. The SNP rs12416605, located in human type 1 diabetes IDDM10 locus, changes the seeding sequence (UGU[G/A]CCC) of miRNA miR-938 and potentially alters miR-938 targets, including IL-16 and IL-17A. In an attempt to test whether miR-938 may be a susceptibility gene for IDDM10, we assessed the possible association of the miR-938 SNP with T1D in an American Caucasian cohort of 622 patients and 723 healthy controls by TaqMan assay. …

Inhibition Of Cathepsin B Activity Attenuates Extracellular Matrix Degradation And Inflammatory Breast Cancer Invasion, Bernadette C. Victor, Arulselvi Anbalagan, Mona M. Mohamed, Bonnie F. Sloane, Dora Cavallo-Medved

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Introduction

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive, metastatic and highly angiogenic form of locally advanced breast cancer with a relatively poor three-year survival rate. Breast cancer invasion has been linked to proteolytic activity at the tumor cell surface. Here we explored a role for active cathepsin B on the cell surface in the invasiveness of IBC.

Methods

We examined expression of the cysteine protease cathepsin B and the serine protease urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), its receptor uPAR and caveolin-1 in two IBC cell lines: SUM149 and SUM190. We utilized a live cell proteolysis assay to localize in real …

The Potential Role Of Innate Immunity In The Pathogenesis Of Post-Operative Adhesions, Jennell White

Wayne State University Dissertations

Post-operative adhesion development occurs in the vast majority of patients following abdominal surgery and is a natural occurrence of peritoneal-wound healing. These fibrous bands may form within the first 5-7 days post-surgery and have the ability to cause a distortion in the normal anatomical positioning of abdominal organs. Consequently, adhesions are major contributors to small bowel obstruction, infertility, and severe pelvic and abdominal pain. Physiological processes responsible for adhesion formation remain obscure though it is believed to involve cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation of several cell types including mesothelial cells, fibroblasts, and inflammatory and immune cells. Substances released from these …

Overuse Of Antibiotics In Children For Upper Respiratory Infections (Uris): A Dilemma, Malika Taufiq, Rukhsana Wamiq Zuberi

Department for Educational Development

No abstract provided.

Association Of Retinoic Acid Receptor Genes With Meningomyelocele, Phong X Tran, Kit Sing Au, Alanna C Morrison, Jack M Fletcher, Kathryn K Ostermaier, Gayle H Tyerman, Hope Northrup

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects (NTDs) occur in as many as 0.5-2 per 1000 live births in the United States. One of the most common and severe neural tube defects is meningomyelocele (MM) resulting from failed closure of the caudal end of the neural tube. MM has been induced by retinoic acid teratogenicity in rodent models. We hypothesized that genetic variants influencing retinoic acid (RA) induction via retinoic acid receptors (RARs) may be associated with risk for MM.

METHODS: We analyzed 47 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that span across the three retinoic acid receptor genes using the SNPlex genotyping platform. Our …

Immunopathology Of Postprimary Tuberculosis: Increased T-Regulatory Cells And Dec-205-Positive Foamy Macrophages In Cavitary Lesions, Kerry J Welsh, Semyon A Risin, Jeffrey K Actor, Robert L Hunter

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Postprimary tuberculosis occurs in immunocompetent people infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is restricted to the lung and accounts for 80% of cases and nearly 100% of transmission. Little is known about the immunopathology of postprimary tuberculosis due to limited availability of specimens. Tissues from 30 autopsy cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were located. Sections of characteristic lesions of caseating granulomas, lipid pneumonia, and cavitary stages of postprimary disease were selected for immunohistochemical studies of macrophages, lymphocytes, endothelial cells, and mycobacterial antigens. A higher percentage of cells in lipid pneumonia (36.1%) and cavitary lesions (27.8%) were positive for the dendritic cell marker …

Probing The Mechanical Properties Of Tnf-A Stimulated Endothelial Cell With Atomic Force Microscopy, Sei-Young Lee, Ana-Maria Zaske, Tommaso Novellino, Delia Danila, Mauro Ferrari, Jodie Conyers, Paolo Decuzzi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine that regulates the permeability of blood and lymphatic vessels. The plasma concentration of TNF-α is elevated (> 1 pg/mL) in several pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, cancer, pre-eclampsia; in obese individuals; and in trauma patients. To test whether circulating TNF-α could induce similar alterations in different districts along the vascular system, three endothelial cell lines, namely HUVEC, HPMEC, and HCAEC, were characterized in terms of 1) mechanical properties, employing atomic force microscopy; 2) cytoskeletal organization, through fluorescence microscopy; and 3) membrane overexpression of adhesion molecules, employing ELISA and immunostaining. Upon stimulation …

Alterations In Content And Localization Of Defensins In Rat Ileum And Jejunum Following Ischemia-Reperfusion Specific Peptides, In Specific Places, For Specific Jobs?, Rosemary A Kozar, Rachel J Santora, Brian J Poindexter, Stephen M Milner, Roger J Bick

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To determine alterations in quantities and distributions of natural antimicrobials following ischemia-reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that these compounds would be upregulated in areas of small intestine where changes in permeability and cellular disruption were likely and where protective mechanisms would be initiated. Methods: Rats with ischemia-reperfusion underwent superior mesenteric artery clamping and reperfusion. Shams were subjected to laparotomy but no clamping. Ileum and jejunum were harvested and sectioned, and subjected to fluorescence deconvolution microscopy for determinations of content and localization of rat beta defensins, 1, 2, 3; rat neutrophil protein-1; and cathelicidin LL-37. Modeling was performed to determine cellular …

Complete Genome Sequence Of Treponema Paraluiscuniculi, Strain Cuniculi A: The Loss Of Infectivity To Humans Is Associated With Genome Decay, David Smajs, Marie Zobaníková, Michal Strouhal, Darina Cejková, Shannon Dugan-Rocha, Petra Pospíšilová, Steven J Norris, Tom Albert, Xiang Qin, Kym Hallsworth-Pepin, Christian Buhay, Donna M Muzny, Lei Chen, Richard A Gibbs, George M Weinstock

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Treponema paraluiscuniculi is the causative agent of rabbit venereal spirochetosis. It is not infectious to humans, although its genome structure is very closely related to other pathogenic Treponema species including Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum, the etiological agent of syphilis. In this study, the genome sequence of Treponema paraluiscuniculi, strain Cuniculi A, was determined by a combination of several high-throughput sequencing strategies. Whereas the overall size (1,133,390 bp), arrangement, and gene content of the Cuniculi A genome closely resembled those of the T. pallidum genome, the T. paraluiscuniculi genome contained a markedly higher number of pseudogenes and gene fragments (51). In …

Re: Sleep And The Family Doctor: Time To Lead, D. Bluestein, A. C. Healey, C. M. Rutledge

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Addressing The Fertility Needs Of Hiv-Seropositive Males, Brian A. Levine, Sahadat K. Nurudeen, Jennifer T. Gosselin, Mark V. Sauer

Psychology Faculty Publications

An increasing number of serodiscordant couples are utilizing advanced reproductive technologies to address their reproductive needs. Recent literature has demonstrated that it is not only technically possible but also safe to utilize sperm-washing techniques to allow for the creation of embryos, thereby preventing both horizontal and vertical transmission of HIV. This article addresses the strengths and weakness of various reproductive techniques and discusses our experience at Columbia University (NY, USA), the location of the largest HIV-focused fertility program in the USA.

Measuring The Symptom Burden Of Lung Cancer: The Validity And Utility Of The Lung Cancer Module Of The M D Anderson Symptom Inventory, Tito R Mendoza, Xin Shelley Wang, Charles Lu, Guadalupe R Palos, Zhongxing Liao, Gary M Mobley, Shitij Kapoor, Charles S Cleeland

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We conducted a study to establish the psychometric properties of a module of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) developed specifically for patients with lung cancer (MDASI-LC). The MDASI measures 13 common "core" symptoms of cancer and its treatment. The MDASI-LC includes the 13 core MDASI symptom items and three lung cancer-specific items: coughing, constipation, and sore throat. MDASI-LC items were administered to three cohorts of patients with lung cancer undergoing either chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Known-group validity and criterion (concurrent) validity of the MDASI-LC were evaluated using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and the 12-item Short-Form Health …

Physical Activity And Cognitive-Health Content In Top-Circulating Magazines, 2006–2008, Anna E. Greer, Sara J. Corwin, Daniela B. Friedman

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

Physical activity may promote cognitive health in older adults. Popular media play an important role in preventive health communication. This study examined articles discussing associations between physical activity and cognitive health in top-circulating magazines targeting older adults. 42,753 pages of magazines published from 2006 to 2008 were reviewed; 26 articles met inclusion criteria. Explanations regarding the link between physical activity and cognitive health were provided in 57.7% of articles. These explanations were generally consistent with empirical evidence; however, few articles included empirical evidence. Physical activity recommendations were presented in 80.8% of articles; a wide range was recommended (90–300 min of …

Getting To Know You: Key Clinical Concepts In Relationship-Based Interventions And Neurobehavioral Observations With Young Infants, Yvette Blanchard

All PTHMS Faculty Publications

The newborn infant is a social organism, pre-disposed to interact with his caregiver and able to elicit the kind of caregiving necessary for successful adaptation. The earliest developmental task of the newborn is to organize behavior to be able to play an active role in influencing the caregiving environment and eliciting the kind of support needed for development. This task is accomplished through the attainment of self-regulation or balanced neurobehavioral functioning of the infant's autonomic, motor, state, and responsivity behavioral dimensions as described by Als.

Reduction Of Mammoplasty Using Inferior Pedicle In Heavy Breasts (Macromastia)., Stanley Ominde Khainga, Ronald Wasike, P. K. Biribwa

General Surgery, East Africa

Symptoms associated with heavy breasts are pain in the upper part of the body; back pains, poor body posture and headache. These patients also have difficulties in finding suitable clothes and experience poor self-image and problems such as establishing sexual relationships. Reduction mammoplasty procedure provides weight and volume reduction of the breast as well as enhancement of the aesthetic appearance of the breasts. In this study, the inferior pedicle technique was used in reduction of thirty five patients over the last four years with macromastia. In all the patients except three, good results were achieved. One patient suffered nipple necrosis …

Addressing The Challenges Of Practicing Breast Cytology In A Tertiary Teaching Hospital In Kenya, Neeta Kumar, Shahin Sayed, Zahir Moloo, Rajendra Chauhan

General Surgery, East Africa

Objectives: To assess diagnostic accuracy of breast cytology through histological correlation and identify reasons for diagnostic pitfalls.

Methods: A total of 2700 cases were reported in cytology during the study period of 14 months, of which 1100 (40%) were from breast lesions. Only 96 (9%) cases had histological follow up in the form of core biopsy, lumpectomy and/or mastectomy. The cases in which cytology diagnosis did not match with histology diagnosis were reviewed by two pathologists and reasons for the diagnostic pitfalls in cytology were recorded. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of cytology were …

Neurological And Cardiovascular Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest At Six Regional Interventional Cardiology Centers In The United States 2007-2011, David B. Seder Md, Nainesh Patel Md, John Mcpherson Md, Paul W. Mcmullan Md, Karl B. Kern Md, Barbara Unger Rn, J Browning, Sudip Nanda Md, Facp, Melkon Hacobian Md, Michael B. Kelley Md, Niklas Nielsen Md, Phd, Michael R. Mooney Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Post-Resuscitation Care Practices Following Cardiac Arrest At Six Regional Interventional Cardiology Centers In The United States 2007-2011, David B. Seder Md, Nainesh Patel Md, John A. Mcpherson Md, Paul W. Mcmullan Md, Karl B. Kern Md, Barbara T. Unger Rn, J Browning, Sudip Nanda Md, Facp, Melkon Hacobian Md, Michael B. Kelley Md, Niklas Nielsen Md, Phd, Michael R. Mooney Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of The Intracerebral Hemorrhage Volume In Hypertensive Patients, Mohammad Wasay, Adnan Yousuf, Darshan Lal, Safia Awan

Section of Neurology

Background: Hemorrhage volume is an important predictor of outcome in Patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It is not clear why in some Patients ICH volume is larger than in others. Identification of modifiable factors responsible for large-volume hemorrhage in hypertensive Patients may help to reduce ICH-related morbidity and mortality. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify predictors of large-volume ICH in hypertensive Patients. Methods:At a tertiary care center in Karachi (Pakistan), 157 hypertensive Patients with ICH were prospectively analyzed in 2008-2009, and hemorrhage volumes were determined using CT or MRI and various factors, including duration of hypertension, …

Viewpoint: My Journey From The Us Back To Pakistan: What Keeps Me Here, Saad Shafqat

Section of Neurology

No abstract provided.

What Modifiable Risk Factors Lead To Strokes In Our Part Of The World, Maria Khan, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Section of Neurology

No abstract provided.

The Mediating Role Of Social Support And Fulfillment Of Spiritual Needs In End Of Life Care, Kimberley A. Gryglewicz

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

End of life (EOL) caregiving can be a daunting and challenging endeavor as caregivers adjust to the ever-changing care demands associated with dying. Increased personal care, assisting with symptom and medication management, and attending to the emotional and spiritual needs of the dying person require caregivers to learn new tasks and to assume new roles such as social worker, nurse, and chaplain. As families continue to play an essential role in meeting the health care needs of their dying loved ones, it is imperative for social workers to understand the complexities of the end of life caregiving experience in order …

Case-Control Study Of Sunlight Exposure And Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Seroreactivity In Basal Cell And Squamous Cell Carcinomas Of The Skin, Michelle R. Iannacone

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), comprised of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is the most common cancer in Caucasians. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the most important environmental risk factor for both BCC and SCC development. However, the precise relationship between UVR and the risk of NMSC is complex, and the relationship may differ by skin cancer type. It has been hypothesized that intermittent patterns and childhood sunlight exposure are important for BCC while continuous (chronic) and lifelong (i.e. childhood and adulthood) sunlight exposure is important for SCC. Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) …

Transition Experiences Of Adolescent Survivors Of Childhood Cancer: A Qualitative Investigation, Alana Delores Lopez

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Adolescent survivors of childhood cancer are a growing population with unique needs as they face a combination of challenges associated with normal development and returning to life after treatment completion (Wakefield et al., 2010). One specific need identified in the research literature includes the effective delivery of transitional care and planning (Hewitt, Greenfield, & Stovall, 2005). It has been suggested that the provision of transition care and planning can help facilitate the shift from one phase of care to another and promote positive transition experiences (National Cancer Institute, 2008). The shift from off-treatment to post-treatment and school reintegration have been …

Inhibition Of P53 Dna Binding Function By The Mdm2 Acidic Domain, Brittany Lynne Cross

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

MDM2 regulates p53 predominantly by promoting p53 ubiquitination. However, ubiquitination-independent mechanisms of MDM2 have also been implicated. Here we show that MDM2 inhibits p53 DNA binding activity in vitro and in vivo. MDM2 binding promotes p53 to adopt a mutant-like conformation, losing reactivity to antibody Pab1620, while exposing the Pab240 epitope. The acidic domain of MDM2 is required to induce p53 conformational change and inhibit p53 DNA binding. ARF binding to the MDM2 acidic domain restores p53 wild type conformation and rescues DNA binding activity. Furthermore, histone methyl transferase SUV39H1 binding to the MDM2 acidic domain also restores p53 wild …