Medical Specialties Commons^™

Frequency And Characteristic Features Of Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy In Patients With Viral Cirrhosis., Shahid Ahmed, Khalid Mumtaz, Umair Syed Ahmed, Hasnain Ali Shah, Shahab Abid, Saeed Hamid, Wasim Jafri

Section of Gastroenterology

To determine the frequency and specific characteristic features of portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) in cirrhosis due to viral etiology. Cross-sectional descriptive study. The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from June 2006 till June 2008. Patients with hepatitis B and C cirrhosis were included who underwent screening esophago-gastroduodenoscopy (EGD) for varices. Baveno III consensus statement was used for diagnosing PHG on endoscopy and divided them into two subgroups i.e. mild and severe. Data related to platelet/spleen ratio, MELD score and Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) score indicating severity of cirrhosis were recorded in all patients. Findings were compared by using independent sample …

Chart Rounds In The Digital Age: A Survey Of North American Institutions, M. A. Whiton, A. P. Dicker, E. J. Wuthrick, L. Doyle, A. S. Harrison, Y. R. Lawrence

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Purpose:

Recent reports of medical errors in radiaKon treatment delivery have emphasized the importance of quality assurance (QA) pracKces. Strict guidelines exist for medical physics QA, but not for QA procedures as applied to clinicians. We sought to document how clinical quality assurance (QA) meeKngs or “chart rounds” are performed across academic North American RadiaKon Oncology departments.

Grown Up Congenital Heart Disease Patient Presenting For Non Cardiac Surgery: Anaesthetic Implications, Mohammad Hamid, Mansoor Ahmed Khan, Mohammad Irfan Akhtar, Hameedullah, Saleemullah, Khalid Samad, Fazal Hameed Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

Congenital heart disease patients surviving to adulthood have increased over the years due to various reasons. These patients are admitted in the hospital for non cardiac surgeries and other procedures more often than normal adult population. Management of grown up congenital heart disease patient presents a challenge during perioperative period for cardiologists, surgeons, intensivists and particularly for the anaesthetist. Management issues include psychological and physiological impact on the patient, complexity of defects, presence of previous palliative procedure, impact of anaesthetic agents on shunting and myocardium, endocarditis prophylaxis and associated extra cardiac anamolies.

Pp32 (Anp32a) Expression Inhibits Pancreatic Cancer Cell Growth And Induces Gemcitabine Resistance By Disrupting Hur Binding To Mrnas., Timothy K Williams, Christina L Costantino, Nikolai A Bildzukewicz, Nathan G Richards, David W Rittenhouse, Lisa Einstein, Joseph A Cozzitorto, Judith C Keen, Abhijit Dasgupta, Myriam Gorospe, Gregory E Gonye, Charles J Yeo, Agnieszka K Witkiewicz, Jonathan R Brody

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

The expression of protein phosphatase 32 (PP32, ANP32A) is low in poorly differentiated pancreatic cancers and is linked to the levels of HuR (ELAV1), a predictive marker for gemcitabine response. In pancreatic cancer cells, exogenous overexpression of pp32 inhibited cell growth, supporting its long-recognized role as a tumor suppressor in pancreatic cancer. In chemotherapeutic sensitivity screening assays, cells overexpressing pp32 were selectively resistant to the nucleoside analogs gemcitabine and cytarabine (ARA-C), but were sensitized to 5-fluorouracil; conversely, silencing pp32 in pancreatic cancer cells enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity. The cytoplasmic levels of pp32 increased after cancer cells are treated with certain stressors, …

Is Manual Reticulocyte Count A Reliable Option For Under Resourced Countries, Afsheen Farzand Ali, Bushra Moiz, Sadia Omer

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

OBJECTIVES: To establish the credibility of manual reticulocyte counts without compromising the quality of care, and to evaluate the degree of acceptability of manual reticulocyte counts in terms of accuracy and cost effectiveness in comparison with two automated haematology analyzers.

METHODS: Visual reticulocyte enumeration was evaluated for comparability, within-batch precision and costing with respect to Coulter STKS and Gen S haematology analyzers.

RESULTS: The results of reticulocyte estimation for 80 samples as obtained by 3 modes were correlated using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) which were computed as 0.884, 0.875, and 0.793 for manual-Gen.S, Gen.SSTKS and manual-STKS respectively thus showing positive …

Neonatal Mortality And Prevalence Of Practices For Newborn Care In A Squatter Settlement Of Karachi, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study., Afsheen Ayaz, Sarah Saleem

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: During the past two decades there has been a sustained decline in child and infant mortality, however neonatal mortality has remained relatively unchanged. Almost all neonatal deaths (99%) occur in developing countries, where the majority are delivered at homes. Evidence suggests that these deaths could be prevented by simple, inexpensive practices and interventions during the pregnancy, delivery and postnatal period. In Pakistan over the last decade extensive efforts have been made by the international donors and government to implement these practices. However, limited attempts have been made to explore if these efforts have made a difference at the grass …

Chronic Gastritis And Helicobacter Pylori: A Histopathological Study Of Gastric Mucosal Biopsies, Mohammad Yawar Yakoob, Akbar Shah Hussainy

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

The aim of this study was to observe the histological features of chronic gastritis and associated effects due to Helicobacter pylori infection in 176 randomly selected antral biopsy specimens of chronic gastritis cases. The specimens were reviewed for the presence or absence of H.pylori. The activity (neutrophilic infiltration) of gastritis and the presence or absence of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) were also noted. Chi-square test (Pearson value) was used to analyze categorical variables. H.pylori was detected in 110 (62.5%) cases of chronic gastritis. There was a significant association between H.pylori infection and activity of chronic gastritis (p=0.002). Lymphoid aggregates were …

J. Graham Smith Jr, Md (November 22, 1926-May 18, 2010)., Lawrence Charles Parish

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

With the passing of J. Graham Smith, Jr. on May 18, 2010, following a short illness, dermatology lost one of its most distinguished envoys. (Figure 1) Skee*, as he was known by his many friends, held the important offices in American dermatology for which he made many significant contributions.

Ms4a4b, A Cd20 Homologue In T Cells, Inhibits T Cell Propagation By Modulation Of Cell Cycle., Hui Xu, Yaping Yan, Mark S Williams, Gregory B Carey, Jingxian Yang, Hongmei Li, Guang-Xian Zhang, Abdolmohamad Rostami

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

MS4a4B, a CD20 homologue in T cells, is a novel member of the MS4A gene family in mice. The MS4A family includes CD20, FcεRIβ, HTm4 and at least 26 novel members that are characterized by their structural features: with four membrane-spanning domains, two extracellular domains and two cytoplasmic regions. CD20, FcεRIβ and HTm4 have been found to function in B cells, mast cells and hematopoietic cells respectively. However, little is known about the function of MS4a4B in T cell regulation. We demonstrate here that MS4a4B negatively regulates mouse T cell proliferation. MS4a4B is highly expressed in primary T cells, natural …

The Addition Of Rituximab To Fludarabine And Cyclophosphamide Improves Progression-Free Survival In Patients With Previously Treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia., Amit Mahipal, Mark Weiss

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in the United States. There has been considerable progress in understanding the biology and treatment of CLL in last 20 years. The introduction of purine analogs (pentostatin, fludarabine, and cladribine) dramatically increased the response rates compared to alkylating agents. Combination chemoimmunotherapy has further improved the overall frequency of response to over 80% in treatment-naïve and over 60% in relapsed/ refractory disease, respectively.

Effects Of High Intraoperative Inspired Oxygen On Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting In Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery, Tatjana Šimurina, Md, Msc, Boris Mraović, Md, Simon Mikulandra, Md, Msc, Zdenko Sonicki, Md, Phd, Nina Sulen, Md, Branko Dukić, Md, Tong J. Gan, M.D

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Study objective: To assess the efficacy of intraoperative different inspired oxygen fractions (FIO2) of 0.8 and 0.5 when compared with standard FIO2 0.3 in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

Design: A prospective, controlled, randomized, double-blind study.

Setting: General hospital, postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and gynecologic floor room. Patients: 120 ASA physical status I and II women, aged 21 to 76 y, undergoing elective gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.

Interventions: Patients were randomized to receive gas mixture of 30% oxygen in air (FI O2=0.3, group G30), 50% oxygen in air (FIO2=0.5, group G50) or 80% oxygen in air (FIO2=0.8, group G80), …

Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Ocular Disorders., Deepak P. Grover

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Obstructive sleep apnea is a diagnosis that ophthalmologists can screen for when a patient presents with certain risk factors. Recent literature provides strong data for associations between sleep apnea and ocular disorders.

RECENT FINDINGS: A potentially serious disorder, sleep apnea can lead to many systemic and ocular complications. Recent findings provide data on the prevalence of sleep apnea with various disorders. Adequate treatment of sleep apnea has also shown to reverse both systemic and eye-related complications.

SUMMARY: Early diagnosis and management of sleep apnea is critical for reducing the risk of devastating systemic complications and preserving ocular …

Should We Be Concerned About Jejunoileal Atresia During Repair Of Duodenal Atresia?, Shawn D. St Peter, Danny C. Little, Katherine A. Barsness, Daniel R. Copeland, Casey M. Calkins, Suzanne Yoder, Steve S. Rothenberg, Saleem Islam, Kuojen Tsao, Daniel J. Ostlie

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: During repair for duodenal atresia, it has been emphasized that inspection of the small bowel to identify a second atresia is required. The laparoscopic approach for repair of duodenal atresia has been criticized for its limitation to perform this step. Given that duodenal atresia and jejunoileal atresias do not share common embryologic origins, we question the validity of this concern. Therefore, we conducted a multicenter retrospective review of duodenal atresia patients to quantify the incidence of jejunoileal atresia in this population.

METHODS: After institutional review board approval (IRB #07-12-187X), a retrospective review was conducted on all patients who have …

Acute Administration Of Rt-Pa For Acute Stroke In Pakistani Patients--What Does The Available Evidence Teach Us?, Maria Khan, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Acute Administration Of Rt-Pa For Acute Stroke In Pakistani Patients--What Does The Available Evidence Teach Us?, Maria Khan, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Section of Neurology

No abstract provided.

"Telemedicine And Advanced Technology Research Center: Quarterly Report, July 18, 2010 To October 17, 2010, Bea Babbitt

Telemedicine & Advanced Technology Research Center

Development of a P.O.I. and a Blended Learning Ecology for use in
Combat Lifesaver Skills Training for the Army.

Combat Lifesaver Course, Telemedicine And Advanced Technology Research Center

Telemedicine & Advanced Technology Research Center

No abstract provided.

Research-Retreat-Recovery: A Potential Model For Organization And Completion Of Research Projects. Experience From A Neurosurgery Department In A Developing Country, Saniya Siraj Godil, Syed Faraz Kazim, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim

Medical College Documents

Background: In the current era of biomedical research, it is imperative that every research study at an institution is properly organized, and frequently audited to streamline efforts and maintain standards. Recently, a research retreat was organized by the Section of Neurosurgery at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, and following that a recovery team was made with the aim of recovering "lost in translation" research projects. In the realm of our experience, the current model is being proposed as a means for organization of departmental research.
Methods: The "research" component of the model comprised compilation of an abstract book of …

Neural Coding And Decoding, Alexander Dimitrov

Systems Science Friday Noon Seminar Series

Methods based on Rate Distortion theory have been successfully used to cluster stimuli and neural responses in order to study neural codes at a level of detail supported by the amount of available data. They approximate the joint stimulus-response distribution by quantizing paired stimulus-response observations into smaller reproductions of the stimulus and response spaces. An optimal quantization is found by maximizing an information-theoretic cost function subject to both equality and inequality constraints, in hundreds to thousands of dimensions. This analytical approach has several advantages over other current approaches:

• it yields the most informative approximation of the encoding scheme given the …

Cyanidin-3-Glucoside Inhibits Ethanol-Induced Invasion Of Breast Cancer Cells Overexpressing Erbb2, Mei Xu, Kimberly A. Bower, Siying Wang, Jacqueline A. Frank, Gang Chen, Min Ding, Shiow Wang, Xianglin Shi, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Ethanol is a tumor promoter. Both epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that ethanol may enhance the metastasis of breast cancer cells. We have previously demonstrated that ethanol increased the migration/invasion of breast cancer cells expressing high levels of ErbB2. Amplification of ErbB2 is found in 20-30% of breast cancer patients and is associated with poor prognosis. We sought to identify agents that can prevent or ameliorate ethanol-induced invasion of breast cancer cells. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin present in many vegetables and fruits, is a potent natural antioxidant. Ethanol exposure causes the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). This …

Endothelial Cell Capture Of Heparin-Binding Growth Factors Under Flow, Bing Zhao, Changjiang Zhang, Kimberly Forsten-Williams, Jun Zhang, Michael Fannon

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Publications

Circulation is an important delivery method for both natural and synthetic molecules, but microenvironment interactions, regulated by endothelial cells and critical to the molecule's fate, are difficult to interpret using traditional approaches. In this work, we analyzed and predicted growth factor capture under flow using computer modeling and a three-dimensional experimental approach that includes pertinent circulation characteristics such as pulsatile flow, competing binding interactions, and limited bioavailability. An understanding of the controlling features of this process was desired. The experimental module consisted of a bioreactor with synthetic endothelial-lined hollow fibers under flow. The physical design of the system was incorporated …

Roundtable On The National Health Security Strategy And At‐Risk Individuals, Behavioral Health, And Community Resilience, Daniel B. Fagbuyi, +Conference Participants

GW mHealth Collaborative

No abstract provided.

A New Frontier For Headache., Stephen Silberstein

Department of Jefferson Headache Center Papers and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Limitations Of The Knee Society Score In Evaluating Outcomes Following Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty., Elie Ghanem, Ian Pawasarat, Adam Lindsay, Lauren May, Khalid Azzam, Ashish Joshi, Javad Parvizi

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Traditionally, the results of revision total knee arthroplasty have been determined with use of surgeon-based measures such as the Knee Society rating system. Recently, outcome and quality-of-life measures have shifted toward a greater emphasis on patient-based evaluation. The aim of our study was to determine the validity and responsiveness of the Knee Society rating system compared with the Short Form-36 health survey (SF-36), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and a four-question 4-point Likert scale satisfaction questionnaire following revision total knee arthroplasty.

METHODS: A total of 152 patients underwent revision total knee arthroplasty at our institution, between …

Compositions And Methods For Inhibiting Drusen Complement Components C3a And C5a For The Treatment Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Jayakrishna Ambati

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

Activated C3 (C3a) and its receptor (C3aR) and activated C5 (C5a) and its receptor (C5aR) have been shown to induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in vitro and in vivo. Compositions and methods for inhibiting C3a, C3aR, C5a and C5aR for the treatment and/or prevention of neovascular disease are provided. Also provided are Novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers for choroidal neovascularization.

Vitamin D Binding Protein-Macrophage Activating Factor Directly Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, And Upar Expression Of Prostate Cancer Cells, Kalvin J. Gregory, Bing Zhao, Diane R. Bielenberg, Sami Dridi, Jason Wu, Weihua Jiang, Bin Huang, Steven Pirie-Shepherd, Michael Fannon

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D binding protein-macrophage activating factor (DBP-maf) is a potent inhibitor of tumor growth. Its activity, however, has been attributed to indirect mechanisms such as boosting the immune response by activating macrophages and inhibiting the blood vessel growth necessary for the growth of tumors.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: In this study we show for the first time that DBP-maf exhibits a direct and potent effect on prostate tumor cells in the absence of macrophages. DBP-maf demonstrated inhibitory activity in proliferation studies of both LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines as well as metastatic clones of these cells. Flow cytometry …

Chitosan Wound Dressing, Simon J. Mccarthy, Kenton W. Gregroy, William P. Wiesmann, Todd D. Campbell

Technology Transfer - Patents

This invention is directed to advanced hemorrhage control wound dressings, and methods of using and producing same. The subject wound dressing is constructed from a non-mammalian material for control of severe 5 bleeding. The wound dressing for controlling severe bleeding is formed of a biomaterial comprising chitosan, a hydrophilic polymer, a polyacrylic polymer or a combination thereof, The kind of severe, life-threatening bleeding contemplated by this invention is typically of the type not capable of being stanched when a conventional gauze wound dressing is applied with conventional 10 pressure to the subject wound. The wound dressing being capable of substantially …

Prevalence Of Mistreatment Or Belittlement Among Medical Students--A Cross Sectional Survey At A Private Medical School In Karachi, Pakistan., Sana Shoukat, Mariam Anis, Danesh K Kella, Fahad Qazi, Fatima Samad, Faizia Mir, Maryah Mansoor, Mohammad B Parvez, Bushra Osmani, Sukaina A Panju, Haider Naqvi

Department of Psychiatry

Background: Mistreatment or belittlement of medical students either by faculty or fellow students has often been reported. Perception of mistreatment has also been associated with increased degree of psychological morbidity. There is a lack of such studies being conducted amongst the medical students of Pakistan. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and forms of perceived mistreatment and presence of mental health morbidity in a private medical school in Pakistan. Also, any association between mental health morbidity and mistreatment was to be identified. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on medical students from Aga Khan …

Molecular Mechanism Of Agc Kinases In Human Malignant, Shaokun Shu

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The maintenance of normal cell function and tissue homeostasis is dependent on the precise regulation of multiple signaling pathways that control cellular decisions to either proliferate, differentiate, arrest cell growth, or initiate programmed cell death (apoptosis). Cancer arises when clones of mutated cells escape this balance and proliferate inappropriately without compensatory apoptosis. Deregulated cell growth occurs as a result of perturbed signal transduction that modulates or alters cellular behavior or function to keep the critical balance between the rate of cell-cycle progression (cell division) and cell growth (cell mass) on one hand, and programmed cell death (apoptosis, autophagy) on the …

Download The Full Pdf Of Jefferson Surgical Solutions Fall 2010, Volume 5, Number 2

Jefferson Surgical Solutions

No abstract provided.