Medical Specialties Commons^™

Platelet Hyperreactivity: Predictive And Intrinsic Properties., Paul F. Bray

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Platelet thrombi are central to the development of most vascular ischemic events. There is marked interindividual variation in platelet responsiveness, with some subjects displaying platelet hyperreactivity. An increasing number of reports indicate that there are laboratory measures of platelet function that predict clinical thrombotic events. Some, but not all, measures of platelet function are reproducible. Platelet hyperreactivity can be assessed with multiple stimuli in multiple assays and is more likely to be present in women and in subjects who have elevated fibrinogen levels.

Barriers To Recovery And Recommendations For Change: The Pennsylvania Consensus Conference On Psychiatry's Role., Joseph A. Rogers, Michael J. Vergare, Richard C. Baron, Mark S. Salzer

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Recovery has emerged over the past decade as a dominant theme in public mental health care.

METHODS: The 2006 Pennsylvania Consensus Conference brought together 24 community psychiatrists to explore the barriers they experienced in promoting recovery and their recommendations for change.

RESULTS: Twelve barriers were identified and classified into one of three categories: psychiatry knowledge, roles, and training; the need to transform public mental health systems and services; and environmental barriers to opportunity. Participants made 22 recommendations to address these barriers through changes in policies, programs, and psychiatric knowledge and practice.

CONCLUSIONS: The recommendations identify areas for change that …

Consider The Source : The Effects Of Adult Sources Of Human Immunodefciency [Sic] Virus And Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention Information On Teen Risk Behaviors For Sexually Transmitted Infection, Janet E. Flores

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), are major health problems for adolescents, who represent over 26% of new cases of STIs diagnosed annually in the United States. Half of all HIV cases in people under age 25 result from sexual transmission during adolescence. Adolescent STI prevention is a national priority for the United States, and parents, schools, and medical providers, among others, are expected to have the greatest impact on adolescent STI risk reduction in teens.

This study used secondary Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBS) data to explore the prevalence of high school students with …

Left Ventricular Noncompaction Mimicking Peripartum Cardiomyopathy., Chetan Patel, Girish S. Shirali, Naveen Pereira

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Eight Prosthetic Aortic Valves In A Cadaver Model, Benjamin A. Youdelman, Hitoshi Hirose, Harsh Jain, J. Yasha Kresh, John W.C. Entwhistle Iii, Andrew S. Wechsler

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: Proper valve selection is critical to ensure appropriate valve replacement for patients, because implantation of a small valve might place the patient at risk for persistent gradients. Labeled valve size is not the same as millimeter measure of prosthetic valve diameters or the annulus into which it will fit. Studies that use the labeled valve size in lieu of actual measured diameter in millimeters to compare different valves might be misleading. Using human cadaver hearts, we sized the aortic annulus with 8 commonly used prosthetic aortic valve sizers and compared the valves using geometric orifice area. This novel method …

Let-7 Expression Defines Two Differentiation Stages Of Cancer, Scott Shell, Sun-Mi Park, Amir Reza Radjabi, Robert Schickel, Emily Kistner, David Jewell

Dartmouth Scholarship

The early phases of carcinogenesis resemble embryonic development, often involving the reexpression of embryonic mesenchymal genes. The NCI60 panel of human tumor cell lines can genetically be subdivided into two superclusters (SCs) that correspond to CD95 Type I and II cells. SC1 cells are characterized by a mesenchymal and SC2 cells by an epithelial gene signature, suggesting that SC1 cells represent less differentiated, advanced stages of cancer. miRNAs are small 20- to 22-nucleotide-long noncoding RNAs that inhibit gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. By performing miRNA expression analysis on 10 Type I and 10 Type II cells, we have determined …

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 9 No. 4 (July/August 2007), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Walking Age Does Not Explain Term Versus Preterm Difference In Bone Geometry, Haifa Abou Samra, Bonny Specker

Ethel Austin Martin Program Publications

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the relationship between bone geometry and onset of walking in former term and preterm children.
STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 128 preschool children aged 3 to 5 years who underwent peripheral quantitative computerized tomography measures of bone size at the distal tibia. Linear models were developed, stratifying by sex, to determine whether bone differences between children born term and preterm were caused by differences in walking age.
RESULTS: Children with a history of preterm birth walked later than children born at term (12.4 +/- 0.5 versus 10.9 +/- 0.2 months; P = .004); however, …

Com Outlook Summer 2007, College Of Osteopathic Medicine

COM Outlook

No abstract provided.

Pp2cdelta (Ppm1d, Wip1), An Endogenous Inhibitor Of P38 Mapk, Is Regulated Along With Trp53 And Cdkn2a Following P38 Mapk Inhibition During Mouse Preimplantation Development., Jenny A Hickson, Barry Fong, Patricia H Watson, Andrew J Watson

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Preimplantation embryos utilize mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling (MAPK) pathways to relay signals from the external environment to prepare appropriate responses and adaptations to a changing milieu. It is therefore important to investigate how MAPK pathways are regulated during preimplantation development. This study was conducted to investigate whether PP2Cdelta (Ppm1d, WIP1) is expressed during mouse preimplantation development and to determine the influences of p38 MAPK inhibition on expression of Trp53 (p53), Ppm1d, (WIP1), and Cdkn2a (p16) during mouse preimplantation development. Our results indicate that Trp53, Ppm1d, and Cdkn2a mRNAs and TRP53 and PP2Cdelta proteins are expressed throughout mouse preimplantation development. Treatment …

Re: Various Irrigation Fluids Affect Postoperative Brain Edema And Cellular Damage During Experimental Neurosurgery In Rats, Syed Faraz Kazim, Ather Enam

Section of Neurosurgery

No abstract provided.

Epilepsy In Pakistan, Hasan Aziz

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Genes And Epilepsies, Khurram A Siddiqui, Iram Siddiqui, Rehan Ali, Hani Benamer

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Neuroradiology, Zafar Sajjad

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Serotonin Syndrome, Naila Bhutto, Muhammad Naim Siddiqi

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Coexistence Of Neurotransmitters Inparkinson's Disease, G. Ali Qureshi, Aftab A. Qureshi, Shuja Ali Syed, S.H. Parvez

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Craniocerebral Aspergillosis In Immunocompetent Hosts: Surgical Perspective, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Arshad A. Siddiqui, Ather Enam, Ahmed Ali Shah, Rashid Jooma, Saleha Anwar

Section of Neurosurgery

Craniocerebral aspergillosis is a rare but dangerous variety of central nervous system infections. Surgery is being widely recognized as the cornerstone of management. Due to the rarity of the disease, difficulty and delay in diagnosis and poor outcome, there is very little in the literature regarding the various surgical strategies that may be adopted in these patients. Early aggressive surgery followed by chemotherapy offers the best chances. Surgical planning would depend upon the type and location of the disease process as well as the condition of the patient. Perioperative care holds immense importance and knowledge of possible complications is essential. …

Role Of Surgery In The Management Of Low Grade Glioma, Faraz Kazim, Ather Enam

Section of Neurosurgery

No abstract provided.

Resected Serous Cystic Neoplasms Of The Pancreas: Locally Aggressive Behavior As A Predictor Of Malignant Disease? A Review Of 158 Patients With Recommendations For Treatment., Charles Galanis, Amir Zamani, John L. Cameron, Kurtis A. Campbell, Keith D. Lillemoe, David Caparrelli, David Chang, Ralph H. Hruban, Charles Yeo

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Background: Serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are regarded as a benign entity with rare malignant potential. Surgical resection is generally considered curative. Objective: To perform the largest single institution review of patients who underwent surgical resection for serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas in the hopes of guiding future management. Methods: Between June 1988 and January 2005, 158 patients with serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas underwent surgical resection. A retrospective analysis was performed. Univariate and multivariate models were used to determine factors influencing perioperative morbidity and mortality. Major complications were defined as pancreatic fistula or anastomotic leak, postoperative …

Nonlinear Dynamical Analysis Of Brain Electrical Activity Due To Exposure To Weak Environmentally Relevant Electromagnetic Fields, Erik Alfonso Nilsen

Doctoral Dissertations

The reports dealing with the effects of weak electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on brain electrical activity have been inconsistent. We suspected that the use of linear models and their associated methods accounted for some of the variability, and we explored the issue by using a novel approach to study the effects of EMFs on the electroencephalogram (EEG) from rabbits and humans. The EEG was embedded in phase space and local recurrence plots were calculated and quantified to permit comparisons between exposed and control epochs from individual subjects. Statistically significant alterations in brain activity were observed in each subject when exposed to …

Acute Stroke Secondary To Internal Carotid Artery Pseudoaneurysm: Mri Findingsand Treatment With Endovascularcoiling, Mohammad Wasay, Alper Dai, Neeraj Dubey, Saadat Kamran

Department of Medicine

Internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysms are uncommon. We report a young man with history of trivialtrauma who presented with middle cerebral artery stroke.Head CT scan revealed a right parapharyngeal mass. MRI confirmed the diagnosis of internal carotidpseudoaneurysm. Cerebral angiogram showed dissection of internal carotid artery with a large pseudoaneurysm and almost complete occlusion of vessel distal to aneurysm.Vessel was obliterated by fibercoiling and gluing byendovascular technique to diminish risk of furthere mbolization. MRI characteristics of carotid pseudoaneurysms and role of endovascular treatment arediscussed.

The Depiction Of Alcohol Tobacco And Other Substances In Children's G & Pg-Rated Animated Films Post 2000, Lindsay F. Graham

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

This study will analyze the depiction of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances in G and PG-rated animated films from November 1, 2000 to December 31, 2005. These films will include those released in theaters and video in English, at least 60 minutes in length, and of the animated genre during this five-year window. There is evidence that due to recent societal pressures facing the Motion Picture Association of America and their rating guidelines, the presence of alcohol and tobacco in children's animated Grated films has lessened. These incidents of exposure have since moved up the rating totem pole to receive …

The Effect Of Intensity Of Aerobic Vo2max Resting Heart Rate And Blood Pressure, Shannan Elizabeth Gormley

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The AGSM recommends 20 to 60 minutes of continuous or intermittent activity 3 to 5 times per week to maintain cardio respiratory fitness (Pollock et al., 1998). The 1996 Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health indicates that Americans are not meeting these physical activity recommendations (DHHS). Several clear consequences of physical inactivity are the appearance of cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and obesity. Two recent review articles suggested that higher intensity exercise will elicit a greater reduction in cardiovascular disease risk factors (Swain and Franklin, 2002; Swain and Franklin, 2006). In order to determine whether …

Gangliocytic Paraganglioma: Case Report And Review Of The Literature, Agnes Witkiewicz, Avi Galler, Charles Yeo

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare tumor, which occurs nearly exclusively in the second portion of the duodenum. Generally, this tumor has a benign clinical course, although rarely, it may recur or metastasize to regional lymph nodes. Only one case with distant metastasis has been reported. We present a case of duodenal gangliocytic paraganglioma treated first by local resection followed by pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Examination of the first specimen revealed focal nuclear pleomorphism and mitotic activity, in addition to the presence of three characteristic histologic components: epithelioid, ganglion, and spindle cell. In the subsequent pancreaticoduodenectomy specimen, there was no residual tumor identified …

Mechanisms Of Perceptual Learning Of Depth Discrimination In Random Dot Stereograms, Liat Gantz, Saumil S Patel, Susana T L Chung, Ronald S Harwerth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Perceptual learning is a training induced improvement in performance. Mechanisms underlying the perceptual learning of depth discrimination in dynamic random dot stereograms were examined by assessing stereothresholds as a function of decorrelation. The inflection point of the decorrelation function was defined as the level of decorrelation corresponding to 1.4 times the threshold when decorrelation is 0%. In general, stereothresholds increased with increasing decorrelation. Following training, stereothresholds and standard errors of measurement decreased systematically for all tested decorrelation values. Post training decorrelation functions were reduced by a multiplicative constant (approximately 5), exhibiting changes in stereothresholds without changes in the inflection points. …

Quality Of Weight Loss Advice On Internet Forums, Kevin O Hwang, Kiran Farheen, Craig W Johnson, Eric J Thomas, Ann S Barnes, Elmer V Bernstam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Adults use the Internet for weight loss information, sometimes by participating in discussion forums. Our purpose was to analyze the quality of advice exchanged on these forums.

METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of messages posted to 18 Internet weight loss forums during 1 month in 2006. Advice was evaluated for congruence with clinical guidelines; potential for causing harm; and subsequent correction when it was contradictory to guidelines (erroneous) or potentially harmful. Message- and forum-specific characteristics were evaluated as predictors of advice quality and self-correction.

RESULTS: Of 3368 initial messages, 266 (7.9%) were requests for advice. Of 654 provisions …

Energizing Mirna Research: A Review Of The Role Of Mirnas In Lipid Metabolism, With A Prediction That Mir-103/107 Regulates Human Metabolic Pathways, Bernard R. Wilfred, Wang-Xia Wang, Peter T. Nelson

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful regulators of gene expression. Although first discovered in worm larvae, miRNAs play fundamental biological roles-including in humans-well beyond development. MiRNAs participate in the regulation of metabolism (including lipid metabolism) for all animal species studied. A review of the fascinating and fast-growing literature on miRNA regulation of metabolism can be parsed into three main categories: (1) adipocyte biochemistry and cell fate determination; (2) regulation of metabolic biochemistry in invertebrates; and (3) regulation of metabolic biochemistry in mammals. Most research into the 'function' of a given miRNA in metabolic pathways has concentrated on a given miRNA acting upon …

Relationships Between Scores On The Jefferson Scale Of Physician Empathy, Patient Perceptions Of Physician Empathy, And Humanistic Approaches To Patient Care: A Validity Study., Karen M. Glaser, Fred W. Markham, Herbert M. Adler, Patrick R. Mcmanus, Mohammadreza Hojat

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Empathy is the backbone of a positive physician-patient relationship. Physician empathy and the patient's awareness of the physician's empathic concern can lead to a more positive clinical outcome.

MATERIAL/METHODS: The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) was completed by 36 physicians in the Family Medicine residency program at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, and 90 patients evaluated these physicians by completing the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy (JSPPPE), and a survey about physicians' humanistic approaches to patient care.

RESULTS: A statistically significant correlation was found between scores of the JSPE and JSPPPE (r=0.48, p

CONCLUSIONS: These findings …

Ictus Emeticus: Case Reports And Literature Review, Ismail A. Khatri, Umar S. Chaudhry, Abdul Majeed Khatri, Zahid F. Cheema

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Blindness In Children At The Ida Rieu School For The Blind And Deaf, Sadia Javed Khan, Afshan Hassan, Laila Khalid, Uzma Karim, Erum Hashmi, Fariha Gul, Imtiaz Jehan

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To identify the causes of blindness at the Ida Rieu school for the blind and deaf, Karachi, Pakistan.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Ida Rieu School for the blind and deaf. The data collected from medical record of students was entered into the WHO/PBL eye examination form for children with blindness and low vision.Results: Records of 144 pupils aged between 4-30 years were reviewed, including 67% males and 33% females. One third (31%) children had visual impairment (< 6/18-6/60) and 69% were blind (< 3/60-NPL). The commonest anatomical site was retina (41%) and whole globe (20%). The etiology was unknown in 49% cases. In 33% of cases, the data suggested hereditary cause as the etiology, 40% of cases were preventable and 13% treatable.CONCLUSION: Avoidable causes of blindness were seenin 53% of children, 58% of which were preventable and 19 were treatable.