Medical Specialties Commons^™

Quantifying The Impact Of Patient-Specific Factors And Disease Severity On Clinical Decision Making In Cuff Tear Arthropathy: A Case-Based Survey, A. P. Schumaier, Y. H. Bedeir, J. S. Dines, K. Kenter, L. V. Gulotta, D. M. Dines, B. M. Grawe

Journal Articles

© 2019, The Author(s). Background: Rotator cuff tears are a common cause of disability. Some patients with massive and irreparable tears can develop cuff tear arthropathy (CTA), which makes management more challenging. Questions/Purposes: We sought to examine how orthopedists determine treatment for patients with CTA. Specifically, we investigated (1) the effect of patient age, symptoms, activity level, range of motion, and radiographic findings on the decision making of shoulder specialists and (2) the observer reliability of the Seebauer and Hamada grading systems. Methods: Five shoulder surgeons were each sent 108 simulated patient cases. Each simulated patient had a different combination …

Full-Body Radiographic Analysis Of Postoperative Deviations From Age-Adjusted Alignment Goals In Adult Spinal Deformity Correction And Related Compensatory Recruitment., P. G. Passias, C. M. Jalai, B. G. Diebo, D. L. Cruz, G. W. Poorman, A. J. Buckland, L. M. Day, J. H. Oren, T. J. Errico, V. Lafage, +8 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background: Full-body stereographs for adult spinal deformity (ASD) have enhanced global deformity and lower-limb compensation associations. The advent of age-adjusted goals for classic ASD parameters (sagittal vertical axis, pelvic tilt, spino-pelvic mismatch [PI-LL]) has enabled individualized evaluation of successful versus failed realignment, though these remain to be radiographically assessed postoperatively. This study analyzes pre- and postoperative sagittal alignment to quantify patient-specific correction against age-adjusted goals, and presents differences in compensation in patients whose postoperative profile deviates from targets.

Methods: Single-center retrospective review of ASD patients ≥ 18 years with biplanar full-body stereographic x-rays. Inclusion: ≥ 4 levels fused, complete baseline …

Differentiating Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features From Classic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Analysis Of Cytomorphologic Descriptions Using A Novel Machine-Learning Approach., S. Maleki, A. Zandvakili, S. Gera, S. D. Khutti, A. Gersten, S. N. Khader

Journal Articles

Background:Recent studies show various cytomorphologic features that can assist in the differentiation of classic papillary thyroid carcinoma (cPTC) from noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP). Differentiating these two entities changes the clinical management significantly. We evaluated the performance of support vector machine (SVM), a machine learning algorithm, in differentiating cases of NIFTP and encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma with no capsular or lymphovascular invasion (EFVPTC) from cases of cPTC with the use of microscopic descriptions. SVM is a supervised learning algorithm used in classification problems. It assigns the input data to one of two categories …

The Conscientious Autopsy., A. K. Williamson

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No abstract provided.

Practical Guidance For Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Viruses Causing Acute Respiratory Tract Infections, C. L. Charlton, E. Babady, C. C. Ginocchio, T. F. Hatchette, R. C. Jerris, Y. Li, M. Loeffelholz, Y. S. Mccarter, M. B. Miller, S. J. Drews, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors In Childhood Glomerular Diseases, I. F. Ashoor, S. A. Mansfield, M. M. O'Shaughnessy, R. S. Parekh, J. Zee, T. L. Vasylyeva, A. J. Kogon, C. B. Sethna, L. M. Guay-Woodford, +170 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Hydroxyurea For Children With Sickle Cell Anemia In Sub-Saharan Africa, L. Tshilolo, G. Tomlinson, T. N. Williams, B. Santos, P. Olupot-Olupot, A. Lane, B. Aygun, S. E. Stuber, K. Mcelhinney, +59 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Psychosocial Screening In Disorders/Differences Of Sex Development: Psychometric Evaluation Of The Psychosocial Assessment Tool, M. M. Ernst, M. Gardner, C. A. Mara, E. C. Délot, P. Y. Fechner, M. Fox, M. M. Rutter, P. W. Speiser, C. Foley, B. Yashar, +24 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel. Background/Aims: Utilization of a psychosocial screener to identify families affected by a disorder/difference of sex development (DSD) and at risk for adjustment challenges may facilitate efficient use of team resources to optimize care. The Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) has been used in other pediatric conditions. The current study explored the reliability and validity of the PAT (modified for use within the DSD population; PAT-DSD). Methods: Participants were 197 families enrolled in the DSD-Translational Research Network (DSD-TRN) who completed a PAT-DSD during a DSD clinic visit. Psychosocial data were extracted from the DSD-TRN clinical registry. …

A Prospective Investigation Of Interleukin-8 Levels In Pediatric Acute Respiratory Failure And Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, H. Flori, A. Sapru, M. W. Quasney, G. Gildengorin, M. A. Curley, M. A. Matthay, M. K. Dahmer, S. T. Bateman, J. B. Schneider, D. Wypij, +20 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: The association of plasma interleukin-8 (IL-8), or IL-8 genetic variants, with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) in children with acute respiratory failure at risk for PARDS has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of early and sequential measurement of plasma IL-8 and/or its genetic variants with development of PARDS and other clinical outcomes in mechanically ventilated children with acute respiratory failure. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of children 2 weeks to 17 years of age with acute airways and/or parenchymal lung disease done in 22 …

Immunosuppressive Therapy For Pediatric Aplastic Anemia: A North American Pediatric Aplastic Anemia Consortium Study., Z. R. Rogers, T. A. Nakano, T. S. Olson, A. A. Bertuch, W. Wang, A. Gillio, T. D. Coates, A. Chawla, A. Vlachos, A. Shimamura, +19 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Quality of response to immunosuppressive therapy and long-term outcomes for pediatric severe aplastic anemia remain incompletely characterized. Contemporary evidence to inform treatment of relapsed or refractory severe aplastic anemia for pediatric patients is also limited. The clinical features and outcomes for 314 children treated from 2002 to 2014 with immunosuppressive therapy for acquired severe aplastic anemia were analyzed retrospectively from 25 institutions in the North American Pediatric Aplastic Anemia Consortium. The majority of subjects (n=264) received horse anti-thymocyte globulin (hATG) plus cyclosporine (CyA) with a median 61 months follow up. Following hATG/CyA, 71.2% (95%CI: 65.3,76.6) achieved an objective response. In …

Plasma Zonulin Levels In Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome, H. Trachtman, D. S. Gipson, K. V. Lemley, J. P. Troost, C. Faul, D. J. Morrison, S. M. Vento, D. H. Ahn, C. Sethna, C. Avila-Casado, +90 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 Trachtman, Gipson, Lemley, Troost, Faul, Morrison, Vento, Ahn and Goldberg. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Objective: We conducted this study to test the hypothesis that plasma zonulin levels are elevated in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome …

Text Messaging For Disease Monitoring In Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome, C. S. Wang, J. P. Troost, L. A. Greenbaum, T. Srivastava, K. Reidy, K. Gibson, H. Trachtman, J. D. Piette, C. B. Sethna, D. S. Gipson, +12 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 International Society of Nephrology Introduction: There is limited information on effective disease monitoring for prompt interventions in childhood nephrotic syndrome. We examined the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel text messaging system (SMS) for disease monitoring in a multicenter, prospective study. Methods: A total of 127 patients results, symptoms, and medication adherence were sent to a designated caregiver (n = 116) or adolescent patient (n = 3). Participants responded by texting. Feasibility of SMS was assessed by SMS adoption, retention, and engagement, and concordance between participant-reported results and laboratory/clinician assessments. The number of disease relapses and time-to-remission data …

Serum S100a8/A9 And S100a12 Levels In Children With Polyarticular Forms Of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Relationship To Maintenance Of Clinically Inactive Disease During Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy And Occurrence Of Disease Flare After Discontinuation Of Therapy, C. H. Hinze, D. Foell, A. L. Johnson, S. J. Spalding, B. S. Gottlieb, P. W. Morris, Y. Kimura, K. Onel, S. C. Li, D. J. Lovell, +33 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2018, American College of Rheumatology Objective: To determine the relationship between serum levels of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 and the maintenance of clinically inactive disease during anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy and the occurrence of disease flare following withdrawal of anti-TNF therapy in patients with polyarticular forms of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: In this prospective, multicenter study, 137 patients with polyarticular-course JIA whose disease was clinically inactive while receiving anti-TNF therapy were enrolled. Patients were observed for an initial 6-month phase during which anti-TNF treatment was continued. For those patients who maintained clinically inactive disease over the 6 months, …

Correlates Of Genetic Attributions Among Parents Of Children In The Usa With Developmental Disabilities, B. Kiely, S. Vettam, A. Adesman

Journal Articles

© 2019 Kiely et al. php and incorporate. Introduction: As technologies for identifying causal genetic variants in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other developmental conditions continue to advance, there is a need to understand the factors that influence parental beliefs about the causes of their child’s disabilities. This study assessed the correlates of etiologic attributions among US parents of children with ASD, intellectual disability (ID), and/or developmental delay (DD). Methods: Data were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s nationally representative Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Services. Respondents were classified according to whether their child …

Demographics And Anthropometrics Impact Benefits Of Health Intervention: Data From The Reduce Obesity And Diabetes Project., L. Ostrowski, P. W. Speiser, S. Accacha, L. Altshuler, I. Fennoy, B. Lowell, R. Rapaport, W. Rosenfeld, S. P. Shelov, Road Group, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Objective:To determine the efficacy of a 4-month school-based health, nutrition and exercise intervention on body fatness and examine possible effects of demographic and anthropometric covariates. Methods:Height, weight, waist circumference and body composition were measured in a diverse population of 644 NYC middle school students (mean ± SD age 12.7 ± 0.9 years; 46% male; 38% Hispanic, 17% East Asian, 15% South Asian, 13.5% African American, 8.5% Caucasian, 8% other) during the fall and spring semesters. Year 1 participants (n = 322) were controls. Experimental participants (year 2, n = 469) received a 12-session classroom-based health and nutrition educational programme with …

Proceeding Report Of The Second Symposium On Hidradenitis Suppurativa Advances (Shsa) 2017, E. Shavit, A. Alavi, F. G. Bechara, R. G. Bennett, M. Bourcier, R. Cibotti, S. Daveluy, J. W. Frew, A. Garg, M. A. Lowes, +20 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Examination Of Fluconazole-Induced Alopecia In An Animal Model And Human Cohort, G. R. Thompson, C. R. Krois, V. K. Affolter, A. D. Everett, E. K. Varjonen, V. R. Sharon, A. Singapuri, M. Dennis, I. Mchardy, S. D. White, +6 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Social And Functional Outcomes With Two Doses Of Aripiprazole Lauroxil Vs Placebo In Patients With Schizophrenia: A Post-Hoc Analysis Of A 12-Week Phase 3 Efficacy Study, C. U. Correll, A. D. Stanford, A. Claxton, Y. Du, P. J. Weiden

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No abstract provided.

Relationship Between The Timing Of Relapse And Plasma Drug Levels Following Discontinuation Of Cariprazine Treatment In Patients With Schizophrenia: Indirect Comparison With Other Second-Generation Antipsychotics After Treatment Discontinuation, C. U. Correll, R. Jain, J. M. Meyer, A. Periclou, T. Carrothers, A. Barabassy, M. Patel, W. Earley

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No abstract provided.

Combined Kyphoplasty And Intraoperative Radiotherapy (Kypho-Iort) Versus External Beam Radiotherapy (Ebrt) For Painful Vertebral Metastases - A Randomized Phase Iii Study, F. Bludau, G. Welzel, T. Reis, Y. Abo-Madyan, E. Sperk, F. Schneider, S. Clausen, A. M. Ruder, M. M. Ghaly, F. A. Giordano, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: The spine is the most frequent location of bone metastases. Local treatment aims at palliation of pain and, given the increased likelihood of long-term cancer survival, at local control. Kyphoplasty and intraoperative radiotherapy (Kypho-IORT) provided instantaneous pain relief in 70% of patients at the first day after the intervention and resulted in local control rates of > 93% at 1 year in a recently conducted phase I/II trial. To assess its clinical value, we designed a phase III trial which tests Kypho-IORT against the most widespread standard-of-care, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), in patients with painful vertebral …

An Iliac-Appendiceal Fistula Causing Gastrointestinal Bleeding, S. D. Gurien, A. Stright, M. Garuthara, J. D. Klein, M. Rosca

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Authors Aortoenteric fistulas are an uncommon cause of gastrointestinal bleeding, and iliac-appendiceal fistulas are an even rarer cause. We describe a case of an iliac-appendiceal fistula in a patient who presented several months after aortic reconstruction with gastrointestinal bleeding. An extensive workup revealed that the source of bleeding was localized to the appendiceal orifice. The patient underwent an appendectomy with a two-stage procedure involving the iliac graft for definitive repair and ultimately recovered well. Despite the rarity of aortoenteric and iliac-appendiceal fistulas causing gastrointestinal bleeding, keeping a high index of suspicion in patients with a prior vascular …

Adjustable Depth Fractional Radiofrequency Combined With Bipolar Radiofrequency: A Minimally Invasive Combination Treatment For Skin Laxity, E. Dayan, C. Chia, A. J. Burns, S. Theodorou

Journal Articles

© 2019 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. Increasingly, patients are seeking minimally invasive methods to tighten skin and remodel adipose tissue. A large treatment gap exists among 3 types of patients: (1) the younger demographic, who increasingly desire soft tissue tightening without traditional operations, scars, and downtime; (2) patients with soft tissue laxity who are not severe enough to justify an excisional procedure, but not mild enough to rely on liposuction with soft tissue contraction alone; and (3) those with recurrent laxity who already underwent traditional excisional procedures. In these populations, plastic surgeons risk under- or overtreating with traditional …

How Many Lymph Nodes Are Enough? Assessing The Adequacy Of Lymph Node Yield For Staging In Favorable Histology Wilms Tumor, A. F. Saltzman, D. E. Smith, D. Gao, D. Ghosh, A. Amini, J. H. Aldrink, R. Dasgupta, K. W. Gow, R. D. Glick, N. G. Cost, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Purpose: Current investigational priorities in the treatment of favorable histology Wilms tumor (FHWT) center on accurate staging and risk-stratification. The extent of lymph node (LN) sampling has not been clearly defined; its importance cannot be overstated as it guides adjuvant therapy. The identification of a minimum LN yield to minimize the risk of harboring occult metastatic disease could help development of surgical guidelines. This study focuses on using the beta-binomial distribution to estimate the risk of occult metastatic disease in patients with FHWT. Materials & methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for patients with unilateral …

Emerging Medical Therapies For Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, P. W. Speiser

Journal Articles

© 2019 Speiser PW. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia has traditionally been treated with daily oral doses of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoid supplements. Such therapy does not precisely replicate the adrenal cortex's circadian pattern. As a consequence, patients are intermittently overtreated or undertreated leading to growth suppression in children, excess weight gain and altered metabolism. Several new treatments are on the horizon. This article will summarize some new potential therapies as adjuncts to, or replacement for, standard therapy.

Sr-B1 Drives Endothelial Cell Ldl Transcytosis Via Dock4 To Promote Atherosclerosis, L. Huang, K. L. Chambliss, X. Gao, I. S. Yuhanna, E. Behling-Kelly, S. Bergaya, M. Ahmed, P. Michaely, K. Luby-Phelps, P. W. Shaul, +5 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Atherosclerosis, which underlies life-threatening cardiovascular disorders such as myocardial infarction and stroke1, is initiated by passage of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol into the artery wall and its engulfment by macrophages, which leads to foam cell formation and lesion development2,3. It is unclear how circulating LDL enters the artery wall to instigate atherosclerosis. Here we show in mice that scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) in endothelial cells mediates the delivery of LDL into arteries and its accumulation by artery wall macrophages, thereby promoting atherosclerosis. LDL particles are colocalized …

Caffeine Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Nuclear Accumulation In Hif-1Α And Promotes Neonatal Neuronal Survival, H. L. Li, N. Zaghloul, I. Ahmed, A. Omelchenko, B. L. Firestein, H. Huang, L. Collins

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Authors Apnea of prematurity (AOP) defined as cessation of breathing for 15–20 s, is commonly seen in preterm infants. Caffeine is widely used to treat AOP due to its safety and effectiveness. Caffeine releases respiratory arrest by competing with adenosine for binding to adenosine A 1 and A 2A receptors (A 1 R and A 2A R). Long before its use in treating AOP, caffeine has been used as a psychostimulant in adult brains. However, the effect of caffeine on developing brains remains unclear. We found that A 1 R proteins for caffeine binding were expressed in …

Efficacy And Safety Of Blonanserin Transdermal Patch In Patients With Schizophrenia: A 6-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Study, N. Iwata, J. Ishigooka, W. H. Kim, B. H. Yoon, S. K. Lin, A. H. Sulaiman, R. Cosca, L. Wang, C. U. Correll, J. M. Kane, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Authors Background: Blonanserin is a second-generation antipsychotic used for the treatment of schizophrenia. This study determined the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of a blonanserin transdermal patch in patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia. Methods: This double-blind, multicenter, phase 3 study consisted of a 1-week observation period during which patients were treated with two patches of placebo, followed by a 6-week double-blind period where patients were randomized (1:1:1) to receive once-daily blonanserin 40 mg, blonanserin 80 mg, or placebo patches. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in the total Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) score. Safety …

Brain Changes Induced By Electroconvulsive Therapy Are Broadly Distributed, O. T. Ousdal, M. Argyelan, K. L. Narr, C. Abbott, B. Wade, M. Vandenbulcke, M. Urretavizcaya, T. Kishimoto, G. Petrides, P. Sienaert, +35 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 Society of Biological Psychiatry Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is associated with volumetric enlargements of corticolimbic brain regions. However, the pattern of whole-brain structural alterations following ECT remains unresolved. Here, we examined the longitudinal effects of ECT on global and local variations in gray matter, white matter, and ventricle volumes in patients with major depressive disorder as well as predictors of ECT-related clinical response. Methods: Longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging and clinical data from the Global ECT-MRI Research Collaboration (GEMRIC) were used to investigate changes in white matter, gray matter, and ventricle volumes before and after ECT in 328 patients …

Cortical Abnormalities In Youth At Clinical High-Risk For Psychosis: Findings From The Napls2 Cohort, Y. Chung, D. Alswede, J. Addington, C. E. Bearden, K. Cadenhead, B. Cornblatt, D. H. Mathalon, T. Mcglashan, D. Perkins, T. D. Cannon, +6 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Structural Brain Characteristics In Treatment-Resistant Depression: Review Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies, M. P. Klok, P. F. Van Eijndhoven, M. Argyelan, A. H. Schene, I. Tendolkar

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.