Medical Specialties Commons^™

Serum Renin And Major Adverse Kidney Events In Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter Prospective Study, Alexander H. Flannery, Victor M. Ortiz-Soriano, Xilong Li, Fabiola G. Gianella, Robert D. Toto, Orson W. Moe, Prasad Devarajan, Stuart L. Goldstein, Javier A. Neyra

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have suggested that the renin-angiotensin system is activated in critical illness and associated with mortality and kidney outcomes. We sought to assess in a larger, multicenter study the relationship between serum renin and Major Adverse Kidney Events (MAKE) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

METHODS: Prospective, multicenter study at two institutions of patients with and without acute kidney injury (AKI). Blood samples were collected for renin measurement a median of 2 days into the index ICU admission and 5-7 days later. The primary outcome was MAKE at hospital discharge, a composite of mortality, kidney replacement therapy, or …

Lung Transplantation In A Patient With Covid-19-Associated Acute Respiratory Failure, Fatima Sajid, Taha Ahmed, Maher A. Baz, Michael I. Anstead

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently a significant cause of acute respiratory failure worldwide, leading to irreversible fibrotic lung disease. In patients with persistent respiratory failure after acute COVID-19 infection, lung transplant is an emerging option. Here, we have presented a case where the patient required venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) support for 33 days until a bilateral lung transplant was performed on day 71 after the initial COVID-19 infection. The early outcomes have been favorable. Currently, no guidelines exist for an acceptable time period after initial COVID-19 infection, duration of negative COVID polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, or negative …

Going Global: Interest In Global Health Among Us Otolaryngology Residents, Julia Toman, Melynda Barnes Oussayef, J. Zachary Porterfield

Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery Faculty Publications

Background: To meet the rising interest in surgical global health, some surgical residency programs offer global health experiences. The level of interest in these programs, however, and their role in residency recruitment and career planning has not been systematically evaluated.

Objective: (1) Define interest in global health among Otolaryngology residents in the USA. (2) Assess engagement of Otolaryngology residencies in global health training. (3) Determine barriers to global health training in residency.

Methods: A survey questionnaire was developed and sent to all Otolaryngology Residency Program Directors for distribution to all current Otolaryngology residents in the US.

Results: A total of …

Salvaging Detection Of Early-Stage Ovarian Malignancies When Ca125 Is Not Informative, Charles J. Dunton, Megan L. Hutchcraft, Rowan G. Bullock, Lesley E. Northrop, Frederick R. Ueland

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Background: Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecologic cancer, with no recommended screening test to assist with early detection. Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a serum biomarker commonly used by clinicians to assess preoperative cancer risk, but it underperforms in premenopausal women, early-stage malignancies, and several histologic subtypes. OVA1 is a multivariate index assay that combines CA125 and four other serum proteins to assess the malignant risk of an adnexal mass. Objective: To evaluate the performance of OVA1 in a cohort of patients with low-risk serum CA125 values. Study Design: We analyzed patient data from previous collections (N = 2305, prevalence …

Novel Cemented Technique For Trochanteric Fixation And Reconstruction Of The Abductor Mechanism In Proximal And Total Femoral Arthroplasty: An Observational Study, Brian T. Muffly, Kyle T. Boden, Cale A. Jacobs, Patrick W. O’Donnell, Stephen T. Duncan

Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Little evidence exists regarding the clinical outcomes of cemented trochanteric fixation for abductor mechanism reconstruction in proximal or total femoral replacements. Clinical outcomes were assessed for a novel cemented technique for trochanteric fixation in femoral megaprostheses.

Methods: A descriptive series of 13 patients who underwent proximal or total femoral arthroplasty from 2016 to 2019 were reviewed. Radiographic trochanteric displacement > 1 cm defined construct failure. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to determine survival rates for these cemented constructs. Demographic information was obtained to better characterize the patient population in whom this technique was used.

Results: Eleven patients were …

An Investigation Of New Medications Initiation During Ambulatory Care Visits In Patients With Dementia, Alexandra Wallem, Ashley I. Martinez, Lauren Vickers, Michael Singleton, Daniela C. Moga

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Background
There is currently insufficient data describing how new medications are provided to older adult ambulatory patients with dementia in the United States (US).

Objectives
To describe characteristics of ambulatory care visits for adults ≥ 65 years old and investigate differences in prescribing of new medications between patients with and without dementia.

Methods
We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using the 2016 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS) in the US. Non-perioperative ambulatory care visits of patients ≥ 65 years old with sampling weights were used to provide national estimates of visits. Baseline characteristics were compared between visits for patients …

Kidney Recovery In Patients With Acute Kidney Injury Treated In Outpatient Hemodialysis Or Rehabilitation Facilities, Melissa Jordan, Victor M. Ortiz-Soriano, Aaron Pruitt, Lauren Chism, Lucas J. Liu, Nourhan Chaaban, Madona Elias, B. Peter Sawaya, Jin Chen, Javier A. Neyra

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Rationale & Objective: Since January 2017, patients with acute kidney injury requiring dialysis (AKI-D) can be discharged to outpatient dialysis centers for continued hemodialysis (HD) support. We aimed to examine the rate of kidney recovery, time to recovery, and hospitalization-related clinical parameters associated with kidney recovery in patients with AKI-D.

Study Design: Single-center prospective cohort study.

Setting & Participants: 111 adult patients who were admitted to the University of Kentucky Hospital, experienced AKI-D, and were discharged with need of outpatient HD.

Exposure: Hospitalization-related clinical parameters were evaluated.

Outcome: Kidney recovery as a composite of being alive and no longer requiring …

Pulmonary Function Decline In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Terry D. Heiman-Patterson, Ossama Khazaal, Daohai Yu, Michael E. Sherman, Edward J. Kasarskis, Carlayne E. Jackson, Peg Niv Study Group

Neurology Faculty Publications

Background: There has been no comprehensive longitudinal study of pulmonary functions (PFTS) in ALS determining which measure is most sensitive to declines in respiratory muscle strength. Objective: To determine the longitudinal decline of PFTS in ALS and which measure supports Medicare criteria for NIV initiation first. Methods: Serial PFTs (maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), maximum inspiratory pressure measured by mouth (MIP) or nasal sniff pressure (SNIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)) were performed over 12 months on 73 ALS subjects to determine which measure showed the sentinel decline in pulmonary function. The rate of decline for each …

Lapatinib And Poziotinib Overcome Abcb1-Mediated Paclitaxel Resistance In Ovarian Cancer, J. Robert Mccorkle, Justin W. Gorski, Jinpeng Liu, Mckayla J. Riggs, Anthony B. Mcdowell Jr., Nan Lin, Chi Wang, Frederick R. Ueland, Jill M. Kolesar

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Conventional frontline treatment for ovarian cancer consists of successive chemotherapy cycles of paclitaxel and platinum. Despite the initial favorable responses for most patients, chemotherapy resistance frequently leads to recurrent or refractory disease. New treatment strategies that circumvent or prevent mechanisms of resistance are needed to improve ovarian cancer therapy. We established in vitro paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cell line and organoid models. Gene expression differences in resistant and sensitive lines were analyzed by RNA sequencing. We manipulated candidate genes associated with paclitaxel resistance using siRNA or small molecule inhibitors, and then screened the cells for paclitaxel sensitivity using cell viability assays. …

Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Is Associated With A Lower Rate Of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Compared To Total Knee Arthroplasty, Cody S. Lee, Edwin P. Su, Michael B. Cross, Alberto V. Carli, David C. Landy, Brian P. Chalmers

Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Several studies have reported lower perioperative complications with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) than with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there is a paucity of data analyzing the incidence of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in similar patients undergoing UKA and TKA. As such, we sought to analyze the incidence of UKA and TKA PJI in a large matched population.

Material and Methods: The Mariner data set of the PearlDiver database was queried for all patients undergoing UKA or TKA during 2010-2017. Included patients were required to have at least 2 years of database inclusion after surgery. Patients were then matched …

A Distinct Difference Between Air And Mucosal Temperatures In Human Respiratory Tract, Mehdi Khosravi, Ruei-Lung Lin, Ashish P. Maskey, Subodh Pandey, An-Hsuan Lin, Lu-Yuan Lee

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

xtensive evidence indicates that several types of temperature-sensitive ion channels are abundantly expressed in the sensory nerves innervating airway mucosa. Indeed, airway temperature is known to play an important role in regulating respiratory functions. However, the actual airway mucosal temperature and its dynamic changes during the respiratory cycle have not been directly measured. In previous studies, airway tissue temperature was often estimated by indirect measurement of the peak exhaled breath temperature (PEBT). In view of the poor thermal conductivity of air, we believe that the airway tissue temperature cannot be accurately determined by the exhaled air temperature, and this study …

Diagnosis Of Classic Homocystinuria In Two Boys Presenting With Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis And Neurologic Dysfunction After Normal Newborn Screening, Alexander Asamoah, Sainan Wei, Kelly E. Jackson, Joseph H. Hersh, Harvey Levy

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

Homocystinuria, caused by cystathionine β-synthase deficiency, is a rare inherited disorder involving metabolism of methionine. Impaired synthesis of cystathionine leads to accumulation of homocysteine that affects several organ systems leading to abnormalities in the skeletal, cardiovascular, ophthalmic and central nervous systems. We report a 14-month-old and a 7-year-old boy who presented with neurologic dysfunction and were found to have cerebral venous sinus thromboses on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance venogram (MRV) and metabolic and hypercoagulable work-up were consistent with classic homocystinuria. The 14-month-old boy had normal newborn screening. The 7-year-old boy initially had an abnormal newborn screen for homocystinuria …

Physical Activity Barriers And Assets In Rural Appalachian Kentucky: A Mixed-Methods Study, Natalie Jones, Deirdre Dlugonski, Rachel Gillespie, Emily M. Dewitt, Joann Lianekhammy, Stacey A. Slone, Kathryn M. Cardarelli

Sports Medicine Research Institute Faculty Publications

Obesity is an increasing public health concern in the U.S. and a contributor to chronic illness, with trends revealing a rise in adult obesity and chronic disease rates among the most vulnerable and disadvantaged populations, including those in rural communities. A mixed-methods approach was used to examine perspectives on perceived physical activity barriers, resources, and level of community support. Researchers utilized the socioecological model to examine the multiple domains that support physical activity in rural Appalachia. The present study focuses on baseline data, including a cohort survey to assess physical activity, health status, and barriers to physical activity, and five …

Sarcina Organism Of The Stomach: Report Of A Case, Andre Ene, Morgan H. Mccoy, Shadi Qasem

Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Faculty Publications

Sarcina Ventriculi is a gram-positive organism, rarely encountered as a human pathogen. It has been described in stomach specimens, often in patients with delayed gastric emptying. The exact role of this organism in human disease is not clear. In this case report, we describe a case of Sarcina organism associated with gastric ulceration. This organism is likely underreported and often overlooked, as it may not be obvious on routine staining. Awareness of this organism and further studies are needed to understand its role in human disease.

Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis In The United States: Opportunities To Improve Access, Coordination, And Delivery, Gavin T. Howington, Huy-Binh Nguyen, P. Brandon Bookstaver, Peter Akpunonu, Joshua T. Swan

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Blood's Concentration Of Lead And Arsenic Associated With Anemia In Peruvian Children, Ana Maria Linares, Jason M. Unrine, Amanda Thaxton Wigging, Juan C. Tantalean, Vlad C. Radulescu

Nursing Faculty Publications

This exploratory, descriptive cohort study (N = 60) determined lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) blood concentrations in Peruvian children and their association with hematological parameters of iron-deficient anemia (IDA) and anthropometric measurement. The mean age of children was 10.8 months (SD = 4.7) and ranged from 3 to 24 months old. Anemia (Hb levels below 10.5 g/dL) was found in 20% of this cohort. Additionally, microcytosis (MCV < 70 fL) was present in 54%, and hypochromia (MCH < 23 pg) in 42% of the group of children. Chi-square analysis showed that 88% of the children with anemia also had microcytosis and hypochromia (p < 0.001). Pb and As were detected in 100% of the infants’ blood samples, and the concentrations were significantly higher in older infants than in younger ones. Pb and As were not associated with the sex, anthropomorphic parameters, or infant hemogram changes. Infants who received iron supplementation were 87% less likely to have low Hb compared with those who did not (OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.02–0.88, p = 0.04). Herbal tea intake was significantly associated with microcytosis and hypochromia. Our finding uncovered that hematological parameters for anemia are modified in Peruvian children with high levels of microcytosis …

Rapid Development Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Purulent Pericarditis In The Setting Of Endocarditis, Samiullah Arshad, Naoki Misumida

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) purulent pericarditis is a rare but potentially fatal complication of MRSA bacteremia. We describe a case of a 27-year-old patient with active intravenous drug use, who presented with fever, chills, and dyspnea and was found to have tricuspid valve endocarditis. Echocardiogram on admission showed no pericardial effusion. The patient became hypotensive, with worsening dyspnea, in the following 3 days. A computed tomography scan of the chest was repeated and showed a large pericardial effusion. The patient underwent pericardiocentesis and pericardial drain placement. Antibiotics were continued, with resolution of effusion. Early pericardiocentesis of a large purulent pericardial …

Clinical Outcomes Of Molecular Tumor Boards: A Systematic Review, Kara L. Larson, Bin Huang, Heidi L. Weiss, Pamela C. Hull, Philip M. Westgate, Rachel W. Miller, Susanne M. Arnold, Jill M. Kolesar

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: We conducted this systematic review to evaluate the clinical outcomes associated with molecular tumor board (MTB) review in patients with cancer.

METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed was performed to identify studies reporting clinical outcomes in patients with cancer who were reviewed by an MTB. To be included, studies had to report clinical outcomes, including clinical benefit, response, progression-free survival, or overall survival. Two reviewers independently selected studies and assessed quality with the Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After (Pre-Post) Studies with No Control Group or the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies depending on the type …

White Matter Hyperintensity Volume And Location: Associations With Wm Microstructure, Brain Iron, And Cerebral Perfusion, Christopher E. Bauer, Valentinos Zachariou, Elayna R. Seago, Brian T. Gold

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) represent macrostructural brain damage associated with various etiologies. However, the relative contributions of various etiologies to WMH volume, as assessed via different neuroimaging measures, is not well-understood. Here, we explored associations between three potential early markers of white matter hyperintensity volume. Specifically, the unique variance in total and regional WMH volumes accounted for by white matter microstructure, brain iron concentration and cerebral blood flow (CBF) was assessed. Regional volumes explored were periventricular and deep regions. Eighty healthy older adults (ages 60–86) were scanned at 3 Tesla MRI using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), …

Covid-19 And The Impact On Rural And Black Church Congregants: Results Of The C-M-C Project, Lovoria B. Williams, Anita F. Fernander, Tofial Azam, Maria L. Gomez, Junghee Kang, Cassidy L. Moody, Hannah Bowman, Nancy E. Schoenberg

Nursing Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating effects on Black and rural populations with a mortality rate among Blacks three times that of Whites and both rural and Black populations experiencing limited access to COVID-19 resources. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the health, financial, and psychological impact of COVID-19 among rural White Appalachian and Black nonrural central Kentucky church congregants. Secondarily we sought to examine the association between sociodemographics and behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs regarding COVID-19 and intent to vaccinate. We used a cross sectional survey design developed with the constructs of the Health Belief and Theory …

Primary Bilateral Ovarian Artery Embolization For Uterine Leiomyomatosis In The Setting Of A Rare Anatomic Variant - Hypoplastic Uterine Arteries, Merve Ozen, Shezaan Momin, Charles Ben Myers, Mark Hoffman, Driss Raissi

Radiology Faculty Publications

We present the case of a 50-year-old female who underwent bilateral ovarian artery embolization for uterine fibroids in the setting of hypoplastic uterine arteries. Ovarian artery embolization is usually conducted during uterine artery embolization for fibroids to increase the procedure success when ovarian feeders are seen. The bilateral ovarian artery embolization is rarely performed due to fears of amenorrhea and early menopause from decreased blood supply to both ovaries. According to our knowledge, this the first case report describing primary bilateral ovarian artery embolization in the setting of a rare anatomic variant- hypoplastic uterine arteries. The patient had complete resolution …

Pharmacotherapy In Coronavirus Disease 2019 And Risk Of Secondary Infections: A Single-Center Case Series And Narrative Review, Michael Behal, Brooke Barlow, Breanne Mefford, Melissa L. Thompson Bastin, J. Chris Donaldson, Melanie Laine, Brittany D. Bissell

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, immune modulators have been considered front-line candidates for the management of patients presenting with clinical symptoms secondary to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Although heavy emphasis has been placed on early clinical efficacy, we sought to evaluate the impact of pharmacologic approach to coronavirus disease 2019 within the ICU on secondary infections and clinical outcomes.

DATA SOURCES: PubMed (inception to March 2021) database search and manual selection of bibliographies from selected articles.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Articles relevant to coronavirus disease 2019, management of severe acute respiratory …

Oncogenic Osteomalacia Secondary To Glomus Tumor, Rishi Raj, Samaneh Hasanzadeh, Mitra Dashtizadeh, Mohammadreza Kalantarhormozi, Katayoun Vahdat, Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh, Iraj Nabipour, Mohammdreza Ravanbod, Majid Assadi, Basir Hashemi, Kamyar Asadipooya

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Summary

Oncogenic osteomalacia secondary to glomus tumor is extremely rare. Localization of causative tumors is critical as surgical resection can lead to a complete biochemical and clinical cure. We present a case of oncogenic osteomalacia treated with resection of glomus tumor. A 39-year-old woman with a history of chronic sinusitis presented with chronic body ache and muscle weakness. Biochemical evaluation revealed elevated alkaline phosphatase hypophosphatemia, increased urinary phosphate excretion, low calcitriol, and FGF23 was unsuppressed suggestive of oncogenic osteomalacia. Diagnostic studies showed increase uptake in multiple bones. Localization with MRI of paranasal sinuses revealed a sinonasal mass with concurrent uptake …

Effect Of Metformin On The High-Density Lipoprotein Proteome In Youth With Type 1 Diabetes, Evgenia Gourgari, Kristen J. Nadeau, Laura Pyle, Martin P. Playford, Junfeng Ma, Nehal N. Mehta, Alan T. Remaley, Scott M. Gordon

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Background: Youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have normal or elevated High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), however, the function of HDL, partly mediated by the HDL proteome, may be impaired. Metformin can be used as an adjunct therapy in youth with T1D, but its effects on the HDL proteome are unknown.

Objective: To determine the effect of metformin on the HDL proteome.

Subjects: Youth (12-20 years old) with T1D who had a BMI > 90th percentile, HbA1c > 8.0% and Tanner stage 5.

Methods: Double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized sub-study. We examined the effects of metformin (n = 25) or placebo (n = …

Smoking-Induced Sex Differences In Clinical Outcomes In Patients Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy For Stroke, Jacqueline A. Frank, Kara Jo Swafford, Jill M. Roberts, Amanda L. Trout, Ann M. Stowe, Douglas E. Lukins, Stephen Grupke, Keith R. Pennypacker, Justin F. Fraser

Neurology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: Ischemic stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States. Smoking accelerates the onset of stroke by 10 years. The effects of smoking status on percent change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, infarct volume, and edema volume were examined following mechanical thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

METHODS: Subjects (N = 90; >18 years old) were divided into 3 groups based on smoking status: current smokers, previous smokers (defined as having quit >6 months before the ischemic event), and nonsmokers. Percent change in NIHSS score was …

Analysis Of Genetic Variants Associated With Levels Of Immune Modulating Proteins For Impact On Alzheimer’S Disease Risk Reveal A Potential Role For Siglec14, Benjamin C. Shaw, Yuriko Katsumata, James F. Simpson, David W. Fardo, Steven Estus

Biostatistics Faculty Publications

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified immune-related genes as risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including TREM2 and CD33, frequently passing a stringent false-discovery rate. These genes either encode or signal through immunomodulatory tyrosine-phosphorylated inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) or activation motifs (ITAMs) and govern processes critical to AD pathology, such as inflammation and amyloid phagocytosis. To investigate whether additional ITIM and ITAM-containing family members may contribute to AD risk and be overlooked due to the stringent multiple testing in GWAS, we combined protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data from a recent plasma proteomics study with AD associations in a recent …

Concurrent Covid-19 Infection In Children With Acute Appendicitis: A Report Of Three Cases, Maximo J. Acevedo, Dylan Steffey, Johanne E. Dillon, James T. Lee, David J. Worhunsky

Radiology Faculty Publications

Literature describing patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection with acute appendicitis in pediatric patients is growing, and understanding the clinical picture of such patients is relevant in their treatment. We report 3 male children who were surgically treated for acute appendicitis and had concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our first patient was a 12-year-old male who presented with symptoms indicative of appendicitis but no respiratory symptoms associated with COVID-19 (eg cough, shortness of breath). Laboratory evaluation revealed leukopenia and an elevated C-reactive protein; imaging was consistent with acute appendicitis and an acute pulmonary viral infection. Though he lacked diffuse peritonitis on physical examination …

Reduced Mitochondrial Dna And Oxphos Protein Content In Skeletal Muscle Of Children With Cerebral Palsy, Ferdinand Von Walden, Ivan J. Vechetti Jr., Davis A. Englund, Vandré C. Figueiredo, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Kevin A. Murach, Jessica Pingel, John J. Mccarthy, Per Stål, Eva Pontén

Physiology Faculty Publications

AIM: To provide a detailed gene and protein expression analysis related to mitochondrial biogenesis and assess mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle of children with cerebral palsy (CP).

METHOD: Biceps brachii muscle samples were collected from 19 children with CP (mean [SD] age 15y 4mo [2y 6mo], range 9-18y, 16 males, three females) and 10 typically developing comparison children (mean [SD] age 15y [4y], range 7-21y, eight males, two females). Gene expression (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [PCR]), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to genomic DNA ratio (quantitative PCR), and protein abundance (western blotting) were analyzed. Microarray data sets (CP/aging/bed rest) were …

Cardiomyocyte Deletion Of Bmal1 Exacerbates Qt- And Rr-Interval Prolongation In Scn5a+/Δkpq Mice, Elizabeth A. Schroder, Jennifer L. Wayland, Kaitlyn M. Samuels, Syed F. Shah, Don E. Burgess, Tanya S. Seward, Claude S. Elayi, Karyn A. Esser, Brian P. Delisle

Physiology Faculty Publications

Circadian rhythms are generated by cell autonomous circadian clocks that perform a ubiquitous cellular time-keeping function and cell type-specific functions important for normal physiology. Studies show inducing the deletion of the core circadian clock transcription factor Bmal1 in adult mouse cardiomyocytes disrupts cardiac circadian clock function, cardiac ion channel expression, slows heart rate, and prolongs the QT-interval at slow heart rates. This study determined how inducing the deletion of Bmal1 in adult cardiomyocytes impacted the in vivo electrophysiological phenotype of a knock-in mouse model for the arrhythmogenic long QT syndrome (Scn5a+/ΔKPQ). Electrocardiographic telemetry showed inducing the …

Healthy Dietary Intake Moderates The Effects Of Age On Brain Iron Concentration And Working Memory Performance, Valentinos Zachariou, Christopher E. Bauer, Elayna R. Seago, Georgia Panayiotou, Edward D. Hall, D. Allan Butterfield, Brian T. Gold

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Age-related brain iron accumulation is linked with oxidative stress, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Certain nutrients can reduce brain iron concentration in animal models, however, this association is not well established in humans. Moreover, it remains unknown if nutrition can moderate the effects of age on brain iron concentration and/or cognition. Here, we explored these issues in a sample of 73 healthy older adults (61-86 years old), while controlling for several factors such as age, gender, years of education, physical fitness and alcohol-intake. Quantitative susceptibility mapping was used for assessment of brain iron concentration and participants performed an N-Back paradigm to …