Medical Specialties Commons^™

Distribution Of Chronic Wasting Disease (Cwd) Prions In Tissues From Experimentally Exposed Coyotes (Canis Latrans), Nancy Ho, Reece Mcginn, Paulina Soto, Terry R Spraker, Justin Fischer, Kurt Vercauteren, Tracy Nichols, Rodrigo Morales

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cervids susceptible to chronic wasting disease (CWD) are sympatric with multiple other animal species that can interact with infectious prions. Several reports have described the susceptibility of other species to CWD prions, or their potential to transport them. One of these species is the coyote (Canis latrans), which has been previously shown to pass transmission-relevant prion titers in their feces for at least three days after ingesting prion-positive brain material. The current study followed up on these findings and evaluated the distribution of prions in multiple tissues from the same coyotes. Our results show that prions persist in the digestive …

Identification Of Prothrombin Belgrade Variant In A Mexican-American Family With Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis, Émile Moura Coelho Da Silva, Natalie Montanez, Miguel Escobar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A rare prothrombin variant (c.1787G > A, p.Arg596Gln), also known as the prothrombin Belgrade variant, has been associated with an increased predisposition to thrombosis through resistance to antithrombin. This variant has been previously reported in individuals from Serbia, Japan, China, and India. In this case report, we described the first reported case of heterozygosity for the prothrombin Belgrade variant in a Mexican-American family. Affected individuals had negative results on standard hypercoagulable studies; however, they exhibited a history of early-onset and recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although rare, the prothrombin Belgrade variant-and other prothrombin variants associated with antithrombin resistance-may be underrecognized in patients …

Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Treatment For Major Depressive Disorder: A Fully Remote Phase 2 Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial, Rachel D Woodham, Sudhakar Selvaraj, Nahed Lajmi, Harriet Hobday, Gabrielle Sheehan, Ali-Reza Ghazi-Noori, Peter J Lagerberg, Maheen Rizvi, Sarah S Kwon, Paulette Orhii, David Maislin, Lucia Hernandez, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Jair C Soares, Allan H Young, Cynthia H Y Fu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a new treatment in major depressive disorder (MDD). This is a fully remote, multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized superiority trial of 10-week home-based tDCS in MDD. Participants were 18 years or older, with MDD in current depressive episode of at least moderate severity as measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (mean = 19.07 ± 2.73). A total of 174 participants (120 women, 54 men) were randomized to active (n = 87, mean age = 37.09 ± 11.14 years) or sham (n = 87, mean age = 38.32 ± 10.92 …

Novel Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Approach For Lattice Radiation Therapy For Bulky Liver Tumors, Christine V Chung, Saurabh S Nair, Meena S Khan, Callistus I Nguyen, Rachael M Martin-Paulpeter, Ethan B Ludmir, Laurence E Court, Joshua S Niedzielski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Lattice radiation therapy (LRT) is a type of spatially fractionated radiation therapy that has emerged as an effective treatment approach for bulky solid tumors. RapidArc Dynamic (RAD) is a novel beam delivery approach that may be advantageous for LRT. The purpose of this in silico study was to evaluate and compare a novel RAD-based LRT approach (RAD-LRT) with conventional volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT)-based LRT (VMAT-LRT).

Methods: Twenty patients with bulky liver tumors treated with RT were retrospectively identified. VMAT-LRT and RAD-LRT plans were generated for all patients. Lattice spheres were placed in a standardized hexagonal pattern with alternating …

Accumulated Seizure Burden Predicts Neurodevelopmental Outcome At 36 Months Of Age In Patients With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, S Katie Z Ihnen, Samuel Alperin, Jamie K Capal, Alexander L Cohen, Jurriaan M Peters, E Martina Bebin, Hope A Northrup, Mustafa Sahin, Darcy A Krueger

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Epilepsy and intellectual disability are common in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Although early life seizures and intellectual disability are known to be correlated in TSC, the differential effects of age at seizure onset and accumulated seizure burden on development remain unclear.

Methods: Daily seizure diaries, serial neurodevelopmental testing, and brain magnetic resonance imaging were analyzed for 129 TSC patients followed from 0 to 36 months. We used machine learning to identify subgroups of patients based on neurodevelopmental test scores at 36 months of age and assessed the stability of those subgroups at 12 months. We tested the ability of …

Real-World Outcomes Of Upfront Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma With Deletion 17p, Curtis Marcoux, Oren Pasvolsky, Denái R Milton, Mark R Tanner, Qaiser Bashir, Samer Srour, Neeraj Saini, Paul Lin, Jeremy Ramdial, Yago Nieto, Guilin Tang, Hans C Lee, Krina K Patel, Partow Kebriaei, Amna Ahmed, Yosra Aljawai, Sheeba K Thomas, Robert Z Orlowski, Elizabeth J Shpall, Richard E Champlin, Muzaffar H Qazilbash

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite tremendous advancements in multiple myeloma (MM) therapeutics, outcomes remain heterogeneous, heavily influenced by clinical and cytogenetic factors. Among these, deletion of the short arm of chromosome 17 (del(17p)) is a strong predictor of poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate real-world outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) with del(17p) undergoing upfront autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HCT). We conducted a single-center retrospective analysis of patients with NDMM who underwent upfront auto-HCT at MD Anderson Cancer Center between 2008 and 2018. Primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), with secondary endpoints being …

Exacerbation Of Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain Behaviors In Breast Tumor-Bearing Mice, Hee Kee Kim, Juping Xing, Youn-Sang Jung, Jae-Il Park, Hee Young Kim, Jimin Kim, Salahadin Abdi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Chronic pain and cancer interact bidirectionally, with pain enhancing sensory peptides and potentially promoting tumor growth. Despite this, most chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CIPN) studies overlook the contribution of cancer itself to neuropathy, focusing instead on chemotherapy-induced mechanisms. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) have been developed by injecting chemotherapeutic drugs such as paclitaxel into normal animals without cancer. This study aimed to develop a new model in mouse mammary tumor virus-polyomavirus middle T antigen (MMTV-PyMT) mice, a widely used breast cancer model with normal immune function.

Results: The percentage of positive response (PPR) of paclitaxel-injected MMTV-PyMT mice increased …

A New, Early Cretaceous Carettochelyid Turtle From South Korea Provides Insights Into Softshell Evolution And Aquatic Ecology, Minguk Kim, Jongyun Jung, Walter G Joyce, Jae-Il Park, Hye-Yeon Jung, Hyemin Jo, Min Huh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Here, we present a new Cretaceous carettochelyid turtle, Byeoljubuchelys yeosuensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Lower Cretaceous Hasandong Formation of Yeosu, Korea. A nearly complete shell and select elements of the girdles and limbs provide crucial insight into the evolution and aquatic adaptation of this family. Phylogenetic analyses place Byeoljubuchelys yeosuensis at the most basal position within Carettochelyidae. The mid-sized plastron of Byeoljubuchelys yeosuensis appears to be plesiomorphic for the group. The expansion of the plastron during carettochelyid evolution, especially during the Paleogene, may be an evolutionary response to increasing body size or the threat of mammalian predators. …

Practical Application Of Multivendor Mri-Based R2* Mapping For Liver Iron Quantification At 15 T And 30 T, Gregory Simchick, Ruiyang Zhao, Qing Yuan, Mounes Aliyari Ghasabeh, Stefan Ruschke, Dimitrios C Karampinos, David T Harris, Raphael Do Vale Souza, Ryan J Mattison, Michael R Jeng, Ivan Pedrosa, Ihab R Kamel, Shreyas Vasanawala, Takeshi Yokoo, Scott B Reeder, Diego Hernando

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Recent multicenter, multivendor MRI-based R2* vs. liver iron concentration (LIC) calibrations (i.e., MCMV calibrations) may facilitate broad clinical dissemination of R2*-based LIC quantification. However, these calibrations are based on a centralized offline R2* reconstruction, and their applicability with vendor-provided R2* maps is unclear.

Purpose: To determine R2* ranges of agreement between the centralized and three MRI vendors' R2* reconstructions.

Study type: Prospective.

Subjects: Two hundred and seven subjects (mean age 37.6 ± 19.6 years; 117 male) with known or suspected iron overload from four academic medical centers.

Field strength/sequence: Standardized multiecho spoiled gradient echo sequence at 1.5 T and …

Development Of Microcystoid Macular Degeneration In The Retina Of Nonhuman Primates: Time-Course And Associated Pathologies, Thomas C M Lavery, Carol A Rasmussen, Alexander W Katz, Charlene B Y Kim, James N Ver Hoeve, Paul E Miller, Peter J Sonnentag, Brian J Christian, Christopher J Murphy, David R Piwnica-Worms, Seth T Gammon, Xudong Qiu, Paul L Kaufman, T Michael Nork

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Microcystoid macular degeneration (MMD) is a condition where cystoid vacuoles develop within the inner nuclear layer of the retina in humans in a variety of disorders. Here we report the occurrence of MMD in non-human primates (NHPs) with various retinal ganglion cell (RGC) pathologies and evaluate the hypothesis that MMD does not precede RGC loss but follows it.

Methods: Morphological studies were performed of the retinas of NHPs, specifically both rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), in which MMD was identified after induction of experimental glaucoma (EG), hemiretinal endodiathermy axotomy (HEA), and spontaneous …

Deep Brain Stimulation Of The Medial Forebrain Bundle: Effects On Anhedonia And Behavioral Activation In Treatment-Resistant Depression, Andrea Boscutti, Bashar Asir, Isabela Moura, Albert Fenoy, João Quevedo, Jair C Soares

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Non-Invasive Measurement Of Elasticity In Glioblastoma Multiforme Validates Decreased Tmz Sensitivity In Astrocyte Co-Culture, Megan Mendieta, Maryam Hatami, Manmohan Singh, Sajedeh Saeidi Fard, Mohammad Dehshiri, Alexander Schill, Dmitry Nevozhay, Salavat Aglyamov, Bulent Ozpolat, Konstantin V Sokolov, Yasemin M Akay, Kirill V Larin, Metin Akay

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Goal: In this research, we investigated the changes in elasticity of in vitro glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) spheroids when treated with the gold standard chemotherapy for GBM, Temozolomide (TMZ). Additionally, we aimed to use this alternative biomarker to assess how modifying the tumor microenvironment (TME) with the addition of human astrocytes (HA) would influence treatment efficacy. Methods: Spheroid stiffness was investigated using advanced non-invasive optical techniques, nanobomb optical coherence elastography (nb-OCE) and Brillouin microscopy to obtain new biomechanical insights by assessing local tumor progression or response to therapy using GBM cells (LN229). Results: The treated monocultured GBM groups showed a significant …

Examining The Presence And Effects Of Coherence And Fragmentation In The Gulf Of Maine Fishery Management Network, Derek Katznelson, Antonia Sohns, Dongkyu Kim, Evelyn Roozee, William R Donner, Andrew M Song, Jasper R De Vries, Owen Temby, Gordon M Hickey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Natural resource management networks cohere due to mutual dependencies and fragment, in part, due to the perceived risks of interaction. However, research on these networks has tended to accept coherence a priori rather than problematizing dependence, and few studies exist on interorganizational risk perception. This article presents the results of a study operationalizing these concepts and measuring the distribution of three types of dependence (capital, legitimacy, and regulatory) and two types of perceived risk (performance and sanction) among nearly fifty stakeholder groups and organizations participating in the management of fisheries in the binational Gulf of Maine. The analysis reveals an …

Comparative Efficacy Of Fluoroscopically Guided Vs Landmark-Based Injections In The Management Of Ischial Bursitis: A Pilot Study, Jamal Hasoon, Giustino Varrassi, Omar Viswanath

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Ischial bursitis is a challenging chronic pain condition often resistant to conservative treatments. Ischial bursa injections, including fluoroscopically guided and landmark-based approaches, are commonly used when first-line interventions fail. This study aims to compare the efficacy of these two techniques in providing pain relief and improving function in patients with refractory ischial bursitis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using electronic medical records of nine patients with refractory ischial bursitis treated between April 1, 2023, and November 30, 2024. Patients were categorized based on the injection technique: fluoroscopically guided (n=4) or landmark-based (n=5). Pain relief was assessed at follow-up …

Nrg Oncology White Paper On The Relative Biological Effectiveness In Proton Therapy, Harald Paganetti, Charles B Simone, Walter R Bosch, Daphne Haas-Kogan, David G Kirsch, Heng Li, Xiaoying Liang, Wei Liu, Anita Mahajan, Michael D Story, Paige A Taylor, Henning Willers, Ying Xiao, Jeffrey C Buchsbaum

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This position paper, led by the NRG Oncology Particle Therapy Work Group, focuses on the concept of relative biologic effect (RBE) in clinical proton therapy (PT), with the goal of providing recommendations for the next-generation clinical trials with PT on the best practice of investigating and using RBE, which could deviate from the current standard proton RBE value of 1.1 relative to photons. In part 1, current clinical utilization and practice are reviewed, giving the context and history of RBE. Evidence for variation in RBE is presented along with the concept of linear energy transfer (LET). The intertwined nature of …

Advanced Method For The In Vivo Measurements Of Lysophospholipid Translocation Across The Inner (Cytoplasmic) Membrane Of Escherichia Coli, Yibin Lin, Lei Zheng, Mikhail Bogdanov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Phospholipid translocation occurs ubiquitously in biological membranes and primarily is protein catalyzed. Lipid flippases mediate the net translocation of specific phospholipids from one leaflet of a membrane to the other. In the inner (cytoplasmic) membrane (IM) of Gram-negative bacteria, lysophospholipid translocase (LplT) and cytosolic bifunctional acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthetase/2-acylglycerolphosphoethanolamine acyltransferase (Aas) form a glycerophospholipid regeneration system, which is capable of facilitating rapid retrograde translocation of lyso forms of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin (CL) but not exogenous (host-derived) phosphatidylcholine (PC) across the IM of Gram-negative diderm (two-membraned) bacteria in consequential order lyso-PE = lyso-PG > > lysophosphatidic acid (lyso-PA) >> lyso-PC. …

Efficacy And Safety Of Once-Daily Roflumilast Cream 005% In Pediatric Patients Aged 2-5 Years With Mild-To-Moderate Atopic Dermatitis (Integument-Ped): A Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Trial, Lawrence F Eichenfield, Rocco Serrao, Vimal H Prajapati, John C Browning, Lisa Swanson, Tracy Funk, Mercedes E Gonzalez, Adelaide A Hebert, Mark Lee, Mark Boguniewicz, Eric L Simpson, Melissa S Seal, David Krupa, Diane Hanna, Scott Snyder, Patrick Burnett, David H Chu, Erin Almaraz, Robert C Higham, David R Berk

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/objectives: Efficacy and safety of roflumilast cream 0.15% were demonstrated in patients aged ≥ 6 years with atopic dermatitis (AD) in two Phase 3 trials. This Phase 3 parallel-group, double-blind trial (INTEGUMENT-PED; NCT04845620) compared the efficacy and safety of roflumilast cream 0.05% and a vehicle in patients aged 2-5 years with AD.

Methods: Patients aged 2-5 years with mild-to-moderate AD were treated with once-daily roflumilast cream 0.05% or vehicle for 4 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was Validated Investigator Global Assessment for AD (vIGA-AD) Success (0 [Clear] or 1 [Almost Clear] plus ≥ 2-grade improvement from baseline) at Week …

Administration Of Anti-Gfap Antibodies Increases Cgrp Expression And Increases Pain Hypersensitivity In Spinal Cord Injured Animals, Georgene W Hergenroeder, Samuel T Molina, Juan J Herrera

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a multitude of cellular and pathological changes including neuronal loss, axonal damage, gliosis, and loss of motor and sensory function. In 40%-70% of patients, SCI can also trigger the development of neuropathic pain. Our previous study demonstrated that SCI patients who developed autoantibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were at increased risk for the subsequent development of neuropathic pain. However, whether GFAP autoantibodies (GFAPab) contribute to the development of neuropathic pain after SCI had yet to be examined.

Objective: Using a mid-thoracic contusion model of SCI in male Sprague-Dawley rats, we examined …

Editorial: Ovarian Cancer Targeted Medication: Parp Inhibitors, Anti-Angiogenic Drugs, Immunotherapy, And More, Volume Ii, Zhi-Bin Wang, De-Hua Liao, Guang Lei, Zhao-Qian Liu, Nayiyuan Wu, Jing Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Individualized Frequency And Montage Tacs To Engage Theta-Gamma Coupling And Enhance Working Memory In Mild Cognitive Impairment, Mina Mirjalili, Iryna S Palamarchuk, Heather Brooks, Reza Zomorrodi, Ashley Melichercik, Wei Wang, Sean M Nestor, Daniel M Blumberger, Abhishek Datta, Christopher Bowie, Bernadette Mdawar, Kullervo Hynynen, Sanjeev Kumar, Tarek K Rajji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a clinical prodromal stage of Alzheimer's disease. Enhancing executive functions in patients with MCI could optimize cognitive compensatory mechanisms and slow cognitive decline. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its connections to the hippocampus support executive functions, including working memory. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate these connections by engaging theta-gamma coupling (TGC) and may thereby strengthen working memory. This study, "tACS to engage theta-gamma coupling and enhance working memory in MCI" (tACS-MCI), will assess the feasibility and cognitive effects of EEG and MRI-guided individualized tACS. The stimulation will target the prefrontal and temporal cortices …

Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Reveals Molecular Heterogeneity In Pediatric Alk-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, Timothy I Shaw, Stanley Pounds, Xueyuan Cao, Jing Ma, Gustavo Palacios, John Mason, Sherrie Perkins, Gang Wu, Yiping Fan, Jian Wang, Xin Zhou, Alyssa Obermayer, Marsha C Kinney, Jacqueline Kraveka, Thomas Gross, John Sandlund, Jinghui Zhang, Charles Mullighan, Megan S Lim, Vasiliki Leventaki

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a mature T-cell lymphoma that accounts for 10-15% of childhood lymphomas. Despite the observation that more than 90% of pediatric cases harbor the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement resulting in aberrant ALK kinase expression, there is significant clinical, morphologic, and biological heterogeneity. To gain insights into the genomic aberrations and molecular heterogeneity within ALK-positive ALCL (ALK+ ALCL), we analyzed 46 pediatric ALK+ ALCLs by whole-exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, and DNA methylation profiling. Whole-exome sequencing found on average 25 SNV/Indel events per sample with recurring genetic events in regulators of DNA damage (TP53, MDM4), transcription …

Predictors For Spontaneous Pleurodesis In Patients With Indwelling Pleural Catheters For Malignant Pleural Effusion: A Safety Net Hospital Experience, Saad Farooq, Sabiha Armin, Jordan E Killingsworth, Akriti Agrawal, Adishwar Rao, Rosa M Estrada-Y-Martin, Sujith V Cherian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) affects approximately 150,000 patients in the United States each year and usually signifies advanced-stage cancer. The optimal treatment remains a challenge but indwelling pleural catheters (IPC) offer several advantages and may help achieve spontaneous pleurodesis (SP) in some patients.

Objectives: We aim to investigate the predictors of SP among patients with MPE, particularly in a resource-limited community-based safety net hospital.

Design: This is a retrospective cohort study done at a community-based safety net hospital.

Methods: Adults diagnosed with or suspected of having MPE between January 2015 and December 2023 who underwent IPC placement were included. …

Global Research Trends And Focus On Immunotherapy For Endometrial Cancer: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Insight And Visualization Analysis (2012–2024), Yachen Xu, Tao Wang, Xiaojing Liang, Jie Yang, Yuxiang Zhang, Shan Bao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: This study conducted a novel systematic bibliometric and visualization analysis of global literature on immunotherapy for endometrial cancer (EC) to explore dynamic trends, research hotspots, and emerging topics, providing valuable references for future research.

Methods: Articles and reviews on EC immunotherapy published between 2012 and August 2024 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Bibliometric tools, CiteSpace and VOSviewer, were used to analyze clustering patterns and research dynamics.

Results: A total of 861 articles were contributed by 5,331 authors from 1,392 institutions across 58 countries or regions, involving 1,823 keywords. China demonstrated outstanding performance in this …

Measurement Of Oxygen Consumption Rate In Mouse Aortic Tissue, Zhen Zhou, Ripon Sarkar, Jose Emiliano Esparza Pinelo, Alexis Richard, Jay Dunn, Zhao Ren, Callie S Kwartler, Dianna M Milewicz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening vascular disorder, and smooth muscle cell mitochondrial dysfunction leads to cell death, contributing to TAD. Accurate measurements of metabolic processes are essential for understanding cellular homeostasis in both healthy and diseased states. While assays for evaluating mitochondrial respiration have been well established for cultured cells and isolated mitochondria, no optimized application has been developed for aortic tissue. In this study, we generate an optimized protocol using the Agilent Seahorse XFe24 analyzer to measure mitochondrial respiration in mouse aortic tissue. This method allows for precise measurement of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in mouse …

Long-Term Symptom Burden In A Young, Ambulatory Cohort After The Omicron Outbreak In China, Simeng Ren, Yumeng Tan, Hongkun Xu, Mian Wang, Rumei Xiang, Jiayue Jin, Baojin Han, Jiaheng Shi, Jingyu Zhang, Jinliang Yang, Xin Tian, Ying Li, Jiaojiao Chen, Wenzheng Zhang, Jingqi Yang, Xin Shelley Wang, Qiuling Shi, Jie Liu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: At the end of 2022, an outbreak of the Omicron BF.7 and BA.5.2 subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 occurred in China. In this prospective cohort study, we investigated the pattern of development of major symptom burden and influencing factors in infected Chinese patients.

Methods: First-time infected outpatients were enrolled from December 7, 2022, to January 11, 2023 (N = 355). The prevalence of symptoms was monitored by a repeated patient-reported quantitative symptom survey over nine months.

Results: At the onset of the infection, the most prevalent symptoms (score ≥1 on a 0-10 numeric rating scale) were fatigue (91.8%), cough (91.8%), …

Characterization Of Additive Gene-Environment Interactions For Colorectal Cancer Risk, Claire E Thomas, Yi Lin, Michelle Kim, Eric S Kawaguchi, Conghui Qu, Caroline Y Um, Brigid M Lynch, Bethany Van Guelpen, Kostas Tsilidis, Robert Carreras-Torres, Franzel J B Van Duijnhoven, Lori C Sakoda, Peter T Campbell, Yu Tian, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stéphane Bézieau, Arif Budiarto, Julie R Palmer, Polly A Newcomb, Graham Casey, Loic Le Marchandz, Marios Giannakis, Christopher I Li, Andrea Gsur, Christina Newton, Mireia Obón-Santacana, Victor Moreno, Pavel Vodicka, Hermann Brenner, Michael Hoffmeister, Andrew J Pellatt, Robert E Schoen, Niki Dimou, Neil Murphy, Marc J Gunter, Sergi Castellví-Bel, Jane C Figueiredo, Andrew T Chan, Mingyang Song, Li Li, D Timothy Bishop, Stephen B Gruber, James W Baurley, Stephanie A Bien, David V Conti, Jeroen R Huyghe, Anshul Kundaje, Yu-Ru Su, Jun Wang, Temitope O Keku, Michael O Woods, Sonja I Berndt, Stephen J Chanock, Catherine M Tangen, Alicja Wolk, Andrea Burnett-Hartman, Anna H Wu, Emily White, Matthew A Devall, Virginia Díez-Obrero, David A Drew, Edward Giovannucci, Akihisa Hidaka, Andre E Kim, Juan Pablo Lewinger, John Morrison, Jennifer Ose, Nikos Papadimitriou, Bens Pardamean, Anita R Peoples, Edward A Ruiz-Narvaez, Anna Shcherbina, Mariana C Stern, Xuechen Chen, Duncan C Thomas, Elizabeth A Platz, W James Gauderman, Ulrike Peters, Li Hsu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common, fatal cancer. Identifying subgroups who may benefit more from intervention is of critical public health importance. Previous studies have assessed multiplicative interaction between genetic risk scores and environmental factors, but few have assessed additive interaction, the relevant public health measure.

Methods: Using resources from CRC consortia, including 45,247 CRC cases and 52,671 controls, we assessed multiplicative and additive interaction (relative excess risk due to interaction, RERI) using logistic regression between 13 harmonized environmental factors and genetic risk score, including 141 variants associated with CRC risk.

Results: There was no evidence of multiplicative interaction …

Haemodynamic Response Of Normal Aortic Valves To Stress Using Invasive, Non-Invasive, And Computational Techniques, Rob Eerdekens, Vijay Govindarajan, Nils P Johnson, Jesse P A Demandt, Mohamed El Farissi, Fabienne E Vervaat, Daniel T Johnson, Richard L Kirkeeide, Pim A L Tonino

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

AIMS: The haemodynamic physiology of the aortic valve has attracted renewed attention after the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Understanding normal valve function, especially under stress conditions, permits identification of early pathology and quantification of the extent to which TAVI restores normalcy. We aimed to describe the haemodynamic behaviour of a normal aortic valve during stress via invasive, non-invasive, and computational techniques.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Our cohort included subjects already undergoing invasive coronary angiography for clinical indications. Haemodynamic measurements were made invasively and non-invasively along with dobutamine infusion. Additionally, patient-specific anatomy from computed tomographic imaging served as input …

Optimization Of Proximity Labeling In Endothelial Cells: Overcoming Endogenous Biotin Interference And Cost Barriers, Ying Jiang, Kuizhi Qu, Mengjun Dai, Yan-Ning Rui, Zhen Xu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Proximity labeling has become a powerful technique for mapping protein-protein interactions under physiologically relevant conditions, with TurboID offering high enzymatic activity and rapid labeling. However, its application in endothelial systems has been limited, partly due to the presence of endogenous biotin in specialized media, which reduces labeling specificity. Here, we optimized TurboID-mediated proximity labeling in brain microvascular endothelial cells by addressing two key challenges: endogenous biotin interference and cost-effective depletion. We discovered that endothelial cell medium contains substantial biotin levels, which saturate TurboID labeling and obscure the effects of exogenous biotin. Using High Capacity NeutrAvidin

Correction: Topss: Tolerability Of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation In Pediatric Stroke Survivors, Stuart Fraser, Anna Clearman, Melika Abrahams, Bernadette Gillick, Tia Lal, Sean Savitz, Nuray Yozbatiran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.1629499.].

Mechanisms Of How Sarcopenia Affects Functional Outcomes In Acute Ischaemic Stroke, Dong-Seok Gwak, Jinyong Chung, Dawid Schellingerhout, Hyerin Oh, Sang-Wuk Jeong, Ji Sung Lee, Dong-Eog Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Sarcopenia, a common geriatric condition characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, can negatively affect functional outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that sarcopenia affects post-stroke outcomes, mediated through its impact on dysphagia, early neurological deterioration, or post-stroke recovery, particularly in patients with motor deficits. To explore this hypothesis, we included 600 consecutive elderly (≥65 years) patients with acute (< 1 week) ischaemic stroke and assessed: (i) the relationships sarcopenia has with dysphagia, early neurological deterioration and various phases of recovery after stroke (in-hospital, post-discharge [up to 3 months], and chronic [3 months to 1 year]) and (ii) whether either presenting symptoms or lesion locations modify the impact of sarcopenia on stroke outcomes. Temporal muscle thickness, a marker of sarcopenia, was measured by brain magnetic resonance imaging and dichotomized into low versus high temporal muscle thickness at the 25th percentile cut-off point. Logistic regression analysis, mediation analysis and statistical brain mapping were conducted. Mean age was 75.3 ± 6.1 years and 303 (50.5%) were male. Low temporal muscle thickness (< 5.1 mm) was independently associated with dysphagia (adjusted odds ratio 1.89 [95% confidence interval 1.06–3.37], P = 0.03), early neurological deterioration (adjusted odds ratio 2.75 [95% confidence interval 1.61–4.71], P < 0.001) and post-discharge recovery (adjusted odds ratio 0.56 [95% confidence interval 0.34–0.94], P = 0.03) but not with in-hospital or chronic recovery. In addition, dysphagia, early neurological …