Medical Specialties Commons^™

Resurgence Of Pediatric Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infections In Southeast Texas, November 2023-June 2024, Margaret Taylor Danner, Heather Colvin Binns, Khanh Nguyen, Coreen Johnson, Jim Dunn, Denver Niles, Diana K Nguyen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

We conducted a retrospective review of children tested for Mycoplasma pneumoniae from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2024. M. pneumoniae polymerase chain reaction positivity increased starting in November 2023, peaking at 18.3% in June 2024. During the resurgence, children with laboratory-confirmed infection often had severe respiratory disease or extrapulmonary manifestations.

Systematic Ocular Phenotyping Of 8,707 Knockout Mouse Lines Identifies Genes Associated With Abnormal Corneal Phenotypes, Peter Vo, Denise M Imai-Leonard, Benjamin Yang, Andrew Briere, Andy Shao, M Isabel Casanova, David Adams, Takanori Amano, Oana Amarie, Zorana Berberovic, Lynette Bower, Robert Braun, Steve Brown, Samantha Burrill, Soo Young Cho, Sharon Clementson-Mobbs, Abigail D'Souza, Mary Dickinson, Mohammad Eskandarian, Ann M Flenniken, Helmut Fuchs, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Jason Heaney, Yann Hérault, Martin Hrabe De Angelis, Chih-Wei Hsu, Shundan Jin, Russell Joynson, Yeon Kyung Kang, Haerim Kim, Hiroshi Masuya, Hamid Meziane, Steve Murray, Ki-Hoan Nam, Hyuna Noh, Lauryl M J Nutter, Marcela Palkova, Jan Prochazka, Miles Joseph Raishbrook, Fabrice Riet, Jennifer Ryan, Jason Salazar, Zachery Seavey, John Richard Seavitt, Radislav Sedlacek, Mohammed Selloum, Kyoung Yul Seo, Je Kyung Seong, Hae-Sol Shin, Toshihiko Shiroishi, Michelle Stewart, Karen Svenson, Masaru Tamura, Heather Tolentino, Uchechukwu Udensi, Sara Wells, Jacqueline White, Amelia Willett, Janine Wotton, Wolfgang Wurst, Atsushi Yoshiki, International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium, Louise Lanoue, K C Kent Lloyd, Brian C Leonard, Michel J Roux, Colin Mckerlie, Ala Moshiri

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: Corneal dysmorphologies (CDs) are typically classified as either regressive degenerative corneal dystrophies (CDtrs) or defective growth and differentiation-driven corneal dysplasias (CDyps). Both eye disorders have multifactorial etiologies. While previous work has elucidated many aspects of CDs, such as presenting symptoms, epidemiology, and pathophysiology, the genetic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. The purpose of this study was to analyze phenotype data from 8,707 knockout mouse lines to identify new genes associated with the development of CDs in humans.

Methods: 8,707 knockout mouse lines phenotyped by the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium were queried for genes associated with statistically significant (P < 0.0001) abnormal cornea morphology to identify candidate CD genes. Corneal abnormalities were investigated by histopathology. A literature search was used to determine the proportion of candidate genes previously associated with CDs in mice and humans. Phenotypes of human orthologues of mouse candidate genes were compared with known human CD genes to identify protein-protein interactions and molecular pathways using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING), Protein Analysis Through Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes.

Results: Analysis …

A Potential Vegf-Driven Hypothesis Of Calvarial Centripetal Proliferation In Cerebral Proliferative Angiopathy, Shigeta Miyake, Timo Krings, Tze Phei Kee, Thierry A G M Huisman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cerebral proliferative angiopathy (CPA) is a rare subtype of cerebral arteriovenous malformation, characterized by unique angiographic features and clinical presentations. Although the clinical and angiographic characteristics of CPA have been well described, their impact on the surrounding tissues remains underexplored. Herein, we investigated the presence of calvarial thickening in patients with CPA, and discuss its potential pathogenesis. This retrospective multicenter cohort study enrolled 16 CPA patients from our institutions. Patients were identified by a search of the hospital medical records for key words related to "cerebral proliferative angiopathy." Data on demographics, CPA characteristics, clinical symptoms, and calvarial thickening were collected …

Management And Outcome Of Invasive Clindamycin-Resistant Mrsa Community-Associated Infections In Children, Amanda E Macias, Grant Stimes, Sheldon L Kaplan, Jesus G Vallejo, Kristina G Hulten, J Chase Mcneil

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Clindamycin resistance among community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) complicates the management of a challenging infection. Little data exist to guide clinicians in the management of invasive clindamycin-resistant CA-MRSA infections in children and studies using oral regimens such as trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and linezolid for treatment of these infections are limited. We sought to reevaluate antibiotic management among invasive CA-MRSA at a tertiary children’s hospital.

Methods: Cases of invasive clindamycin-resistant MRSA infections in children were identified through an ongoing S. aureus surveillance study. Eligible cases were those occurring in otherwise healthy children from 2011–2021. Medical records were reviewed.

Results: Thirty-four subjects …

The Clinical Utility Of A Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Approach To Detecting Circulating Hpv Dna In Patients With Advanced Anal Cancer, Deepak Bhamidipati, Jay R Johnson, Kangyu Lin, Helene Pelicano, Cathy Eng, Ryan Huey, Robert A Wolff, Daniel M Halperin, Michael F Frumovitz, Ignacio I Wistuba, Dzifa Y Duose, Saradhi Mallampati, Rajyalakshmi Luthra, Van K Morris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: To extend the practicality of liquid biopsy beyond the historical HPV circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assays, we evaluated the clinical relevance of a novel next-generation sequencing HPV ctDNA assay in patients with locally advanced and metastatic squamous cell cancer of the anal canal (mSCCA).

Methods: ctDNA isolated from the plasma of patients with mSCCA was sequenced using a 1.4 Mb hybrid-capture target-enrichment panel covering the whole genome sequences of all 193 HPV types. The HPV type, copy number (CN), and integration sites were determined using a bioinformatic pipeline.

Results: A total of 77 plasma samples from 28 patients with …

Research Progress And Clinical Translation Potential Of Coronary Atherosclerosis Diagnostic Markers From A Genomic Perspective, Hanxiang Liu, Yuchen Zhang, Yueyan Zhao, Yuzhen Li, Xiaofeng Zhang, Lingyu Bao, Rongkai Yan, Yixin Yang, Huixian Zhou, Jinming Zhang, Siyuan Song

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: Coronary atherosclerosis (CAD) is characterized by arterial intima lipid deposition, chronic inflammation, and fibrous tissue proliferation, leading to arterial wall thickening and lumen narrowing. As the primary cause of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome, CAD significantly impacts global health. Recent genetic studies have demonstrated CAD's polygenic and multifactorial nature, providing molecular insights for early diagnosis and risk assessment. This review analyzes recent advances in CAD-related genetic markers and evaluates their diagnostic potential, focusing on their applications in diagnosis and risk stratification within precision medicine.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of CAD genomic studies from PubMed and …

Feasibility Of Ex Vivo Ligandomics, Prabuddha Waduge, Remya Ammassam Veettil, Bojun Zhang, Chengchi Huang, Hong Tian, Wei Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

We developed ligandomics for the in vivo profiling of vascular ligands in mice, discovering secretogranin III (Scg3) as a novel angiogenic factor that selectively binds to retinal vessels of diabetic but not healthy mice. This discovery led to the development of anti-Scg3 therapy for ocular vasculopathies. However, in vivo ligandomics requires intracardial perfusion to remove unbound phage clones, limiting its use to vascular endothelial cells (ECs). To extend ligandomics to non-vascular cells, we investigated ex vivo ligandomics. We isolated ECs and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from diabetic and healthy mouse retinas by immunopanning. We quantified the binding of clonal phages …

Pooled Safety Analysis And Management Of Sotorasib-Related Adverse Events In Kras G12c-Mutated Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Bob T Li, Maximilian Hochmair, Ramaswamy Govindan, Mark Vincent, Anthonie J Van Der Wekken, Noemi Reguart Aransay, Kenneth J O'Byrne, Nicolas Girard, Frank Griesinger, Makoto Nishio, Simon Häfliger, Colin Lindsay, Niels Reinmuth, Astrid Paulus, Pavlos Papakotoulas, Sang-We Kim, Carlos Gil Ferreira, Giulia Pasello, Michael Duruisseaux, Spyridon Gennatas, Anastasios Dimou, Bhakti Mehta, William Kormany, Chidozie Nduka, Brooke E Sylvester, Christine Ardito-Abraham, Yang Wang, Adrianus Johannes De Langen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: We describe the safety of sotorasib monotherapy in patients with KRAS G12C-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and discuss practical recommendations for managing key risks.

Methods: Incidence rates of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were pooled from 4 clinical trials: CodeBreaK 100 (NCT03600883), CodeBreaK 101 (NCT04185883), CodeBreaK 105 (NCT04380753), and CodeBreaK 200 (NCT04303780) and graded according to CTCAE v5.0. Adverse events were deemed sotorasib-related per investigator causality assessment.

Results: In the pooled population (n = 549), TRAEs were reported in 388 (70.7%) patients (grade 1: 124 [22.6%]; grade 2: 117 [21.3%]; …

Utilizing Patient-Derived Xenografts To Model Precision Oncology For Biliary Tract Cancer, Timothy P Diperi, Kurt W Evans, Stephen Scott, Xiaofeng Zheng, Kaushik Varadarajan, Lawrence N Kwong, Michael Kahle, Hop S Tran Cao, Ching-Wei Tzeng, Thuy Vu, Sunhee Kim, Fei Su, Maria Gabriela Raso, Yasmeen Rizvi, Ming Zhao, Huamin Wang, Sunyoung S Lee, Timothy A Yap, Jordi Rodon, Milind Javle, Funda Meric-Bernstam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Biliary tract cancers, which are rare and aggressive malignancies, are rich in clinically actionable molecular alterations. A major challenge in the field is the paucity of clinically relevant biliary tract cancer models that recapitulate the diverse molecular profiles of these tumors. The purpose of this study was to curate a collection of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models that reflect the spectrum of genomic alterations present in biliary tract cancers to create a resource for modeling precision oncology.

Experimental design: PDXs were derived from biliary tract cancer samples collected from surgical resections or metastatic biopsies. Alterations present in the PDXs were …

Revisiting Phosphoregulation Of Cdc25c During M-Phase Induction, Tan Tan, Chuanfen Wu, Ruoning Wang, Bih-Fang Pan, David Hawke, Fumin Yin, Zehao Su, Boye Liu, Sue-Hwa Lin, Wei Zhang, Jian Kuang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cdc25C undergoes a sudden and substantial gel mobility shift at M-phase onset, correlating with abrupt activation of both Cdc25C and Cdk1 activities. A positive feedback loop between Cdk1 and Cdc25C has been used to explain this hallmark phenomenon. Here, we demonstrate that the M-phase supershift and robust activation of Cdc25C are due to the site-comprehensive phosphorylation of its long intrinsically disordered regulatory domain without requiring Cdk1 or other major mitotic kinase activities. The phosphorylation process involves substrate-mediated assembly of phosphorylation machinery that catalyzes multisite phosphorylation continuously without substrate dissociation. In contrast to the site-comprehensive phosphorylation of Cdc25C occurring at M-phase …

Supplementary Motor Area In Speech Initiation: A Large-Scale Intracranial Eeg Evaluation Of Stereotyped Word Articulation, Latané Bullock, Kiefer J Forseth, Oscar Woolnough, Patrick S Rollo, Nitin Tandon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Speech production engages a distributed network of cortical and subcortical brain regions. The supplementary motor area (SMA) has long been thought to be a key hub in coordinating across these regions to initiate voluntary movements, including speech. We analyzed direct intracranial recordings from 115 patients with epilepsy as they articulated a single word in a subset of trials from a picture-naming task. We aimed to characterize the temporal dynamics of SMA relative to other cortical regions. SMA and preSMA were among the first regions to activate after cue onset, peaked in activity before articulation onset, and were the earliest regions …

Targeting Trpc Channels For Control Of Arthritis-Induced Bone Erosion, Suravi Ray, Jamie L Mccall, Jin Bin Tian, Jaepyo Jeon, Aidan Douglas, Kendall Tyler, Siyao Liu, Kendyl Berry, Brady Nicewarner, Casey Hall, Klaus Groschner, Bernadett Bacsa, Werner Geldenhuys, Michael X Zhu, Harry C Blair, John B Barnett, Jonathan Soboloff

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Arthritis leads to bone erosion due to an imbalance between osteoclast and osteoblast function. Our prior investigations revealed that the Ca2+-selective ion channel, Orai1, is critical for osteoclast maturation. Here, we show that the small-molecule ELP-004 preferentially inhibits transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. While ELP-004 minimally affected physiological RANKL-induced osteoclast maturation in murine bone marrow- and spleen-derived myeloid cells (BMSMCs) and human PBMC-derived cells, it potently interfered with osteoclast maturation driven by TNFα or LTB4. The contribution of TRPC channels to osteoclastogenesis was examined using BMSMCs derived from TRPC4-/- or TRPC(1-7)-/- mice, again revealing preferential interference with osteoclastogenesis driven …

Exosomal Galectin-3 Promotes Peritoneal Metastases In Gastric Adenocarcinoma Via Microenvironment Alterations, Yibo Fan, Shumei Song, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Gengyi Zou, Jody V Vykoukal, Katsuhiro Yoshimura, Jiankang Jin, George A Calin, Rebecca E Waters, Qiong Gan, Linghua Wang, Samir Hanash, Shilpa S Dhar, Jaffer A Ajani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is the most common metastatic site and leads to a short median survival. Exosomes have been shown to remodel the microenvironment, facilitating tumor metastases. However, the functional component in GAC cell-derived exosomes that remodel the landscape in the peritoneal cavity remains unclear. To address this, we performed in-depth proteomic profiling of ascites-derived exosomes from patients with PC, and we found that Galectin-3 was highly enriched in exosomes derived from malignant ascites. exosomal Galectin-3 was the crucial regulator of PC. Blockage of exosomal Galectin-3 significantly inhibited tumor metastases and prolonged overall survival. Exosomal Galectin-3 …

Dysregulated Klf4 Expression Plays A Pivotal Role In The Pathogenesis Of Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms, Xiangsheng Zuo, Liang Wang, Yi Liu, Huamin Wang, Margarete Hafley, Mihai Gagea, Ru Chen, Yun Xiong, Sheng Pan, Imad Shureiqi, Robert S Bresalier, Daoyan Wei

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Light-Dark Shift Promotes Colon Carcinogenesis Through Accelerated Colon Aging, Deepak Sharma, Phillip A Engen, Abu Osman, Darbaz Adnan, Maliha Shaikh, Mostafa K Abdel-Reheem, Ankur Naqib, Stefan J Green, Bruce Hamaker, Christopher B Forsyth, Lin Cheng, Ali Keshavarzian, Khashayarsha Khazaie, Faraz Bishehsari

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, with rising prevalence among younger adults. Several lifestyle factors, particularly disruptions in circadian rhythms by light-dark (LD) shifts, are known to increase CRC risk. Epidemiological studies previously showed LD-shifts are associated with increased risk of CRC. To explore the mechanisms and interactions between LD-shift and intestinal aging, we investigated how the combination of LD-shifts and aging impacts colon carcinogenesis development. Our data showed that LD-shifts and aging increased colon tumorigenesis. Notably, LD-shift accelerated intestinal aging by altering aging-related pathways, such as intestinal barrier damage, accompanied by dysbiotic changes in the …

Clinical And Molecular Characteristics Of Patients With Brain Metastasis Secondary To Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Mahmoud Yousef, Mark W Hurd, Abdelrahman Yousef, Ethan B Ludmir, Ashwathy B Pillai, Jennifer Peterson, Eugene J Koay, Sali Albarouki, Ching-Wei Tzeng, Rebecca Snyder, Matthew H G Katz, Huamin Wang, Michael J Overman, Anirban Maitra, Shubham Pant, Brandon G Smaglo, Robert A Wolff, James Yao, John P Shen, Dan Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The prognosis for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is poor. Secondary brain metastasis (Br-M) occurs in less than 1% of patients. Clinical characteristics and molecular alterations have not been characterized in this rare patients' subset.

Materials and methods: The Foundry software platform was used to retrospectively query electronic health records for patients with Br-M secondary to PDAC from 2005 to 2023; clinical, molecular, and overall survival (OS) data were analyzed.

Results: Br-M was diagnosed in 44 patients with PDAC. Median follow-up was 78 months; median OS from initial PDAC diagnosis was 47 months. Median duration from PDAC diagnosis …

Nkapl Facilitates Transcription Pause-Release And Bridges Elongation To Initiation During Meiosis Exit, Zhenlong Kang, Chen Xu, Shuai Lu, Jie Gong, Ruoyu Yan, Gan Luo, Yuanyuan Wang, Qing He, Yifei Wu, Yitong Yan, Baomei Qian, Shenglin Han, Zhiwen Bu, Jinwen Zhang, Xian Xia, Liang Chen, Zhibin Hu, Mingyan Lin, Zheng Sun, Yayun Gu, Lan Ye

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Transcription elongation, especially RNA polymerase II (Pol II) pause-release, is less studied than transcription initiation in regulating gene expression during meiosis. It is also unclear how transcription elongation interplays with transcription initiation. Here, we show that depletion of NKAPL, a testis-specific protein distantly related to RNA splicing factors, causes male infertility in mice by blocking the meiotic exit and downregulating haploid genes. NKAPL binds to promoter-associated nascent transcripts and co-localizes with DNA-RNA hybrid R-loop structures at GAA-rich loci to enhance R-loop formation and facilitate Pol II pause-release. NKAPL depletion prolongs Pol II pauses and stalls the SOX30/HDAC3 transcription initiation complex …

Neutralizing Antibody Immune Correlates In Covail Trial Recipients Of An Mrna Second Covid-19 Vaccine Boost, Bo Zhang, Youyi Fong, Lauren Dang, Jonathan Fintzi, Shiyu Chen, Jing Wang, Nadine G Rouphael, Angela R Branche, David J Diemert, Ann R Falsey, Daniel S Graciaa, Lindsey R Baden, Sharon E Frey, Jennifer A Whitaker, Susan J Little, Satoshi Kamidani, Emmanuel B Walter, Richard M Novak, Richard Rupp, Lisa A Jackson, Chenchen Yu, Craig A Magaret, Cindy Molitor, Bhavesh Borate, Sydney Busch, David Benkeser, Antonia Netzl, Derek J Smith, Tara M Babu, Angelica C Kottkamp, Anne F Luetkemeyer, Lilly C Immergluck, Rachel M Presti, Martín Bäcker, Patricia L Winokur, Siham M Mahgoub, Paul A Goepfert, Dahlene N Fusco, Robert L Atmar, Christine M Posavad, Jinjian Mu, Mat Makowski, Mamodikoe K Makhene, Seema U Nayak, Paul C Roberts, Peter B Gilbert, Dean Follmann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Neutralizing antibody titer has been a surrogate endpoint for guiding COVID-19 vaccine approval and use, although the pandemic's evolution and the introduction of variant-adapted vaccine boosters raise questions as to this surrogate's contemporary performance. For 985 recipients of an mRNA second bivalent or monovalent booster containing various Spike inserts [Prototype (Ancestral), Beta, Delta, and/or Omicron BA.1 or BA.4/5] in the COVAIL trial (NCT05289037), titers against 5 strains were assessed as correlates of risk of symptomatic COVID-19 ("COVID-19") and as correlates of relative (Pfizer-BioNTech Omicron vs. Prototype) booster protection against COVID-19 over 6 months of follow-up during the BA.2-BA.5 Omicron-dominant period. …

Viroporin Activity Is Necessary For Intercellular Calcium Signals That Contribute To Viral Pathogenesis, J Thomas Gebert, Francesca J Scribano, Kristen A Engevik, Ethan M Huleatt, Michael R Eledge, Lauren E Dorn, Asha A Philip, Takahiro Kawagishi, Harry B Greenberg, John T Patton, Joseph M Hyser

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Viruses engage in a variety of processes to subvert host defenses and create an environment amenable to replication. Here, using rotavirus as a prototype, we show that calcium conductance out of the endoplasmic reticulum by the virus encoded ion channel, NSP4, induces intercellular calcium waves that extend beyond the infected cell and contribute to pathogenesis. Viruses that lack the ability to induce this signaling show diminished viral shedding and attenuated disease in a mouse model of rotavirus diarrhea. This implicates nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) as a virulence factor and provides mechanistic insight into its mode of action. Critically, this …

Update On Pediatric Surveillance Recommendations For Pten Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome, Dicer1-Related Tumor Predisposition, And Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Kris Ann P Schultz, Suzanne P Macfarland, Melissa R Perrino, Sarah G Mitchell, Junne Kamihara, Alexander T Nelson, Paige H R Mallinger, Jack J Brzezinski, Kara N Maxwell, Emma R Woodward, Bailey Gallinger, Sun Young Kim, Mary-Louise C Greer, Kami Wolfe Schneider, Sarah R Scollon, Anirban Das, Jonathan D Wasserman, Charis Eng, David Malkin, William D Foulkes, Orli Michaeli, Andrew J Bauer, Douglas R Stewart

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Phosphate and tensin homolog hamartoma tumor syndrome, DICER1-related tumor predisposition, and tuberous sclerosis complex are rare conditions, which each increases risk for distinct spectra of benign and malignant neoplasms throughout childhood and adulthood. Surveillance considerations for each of these conditions focus on patient and family education, early detection, and multidisciplinary care. In this article, we present updated surveillance recommendations and considerations for children and adolescents with phosphate and tensin homolog hamartoma tumor syndrome, DICER1-related tumor predisposition, and tuberous sclerosis complex and provide suggestions for further research in each of these conditions.

Phase I Study Of Bms-986299, An Nlrp3 Agonist, As Monotherapy And In Combination With Nivolumab And Ipilimumab In Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors, Blessie E Nelson, Shaun O'Brien, Rahul A Sheth, David S Hong, Aung Naing, Xiaoping Zhang, Amy Xu, Lora Hamuro, Rasika Suryawanshi, Derrick Mckinley, Ruslan D Novosiadly, Sarina A Piha-Paul

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: BMS-986299 is a first-in-class, NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin-domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome agonist enhancing adaptive immune and T-cell memory responses.

Materials and methods: This was a phase-I (NCT03444753) study that assessed the safety and tolerability of intra-tumoral BMS-986299 monotherapy (part 1A) and in combination (part 1B) with nivolumab, and ipilimumab in advanced solid tumors. Reported here are single-center results.

Results: 36 patients were enrolled, with breast (31%), colorectal (17%), and head and neck (14%) being the more commonly enrolled cancers. Most patients (58%) had received prior immunotherapy. Therapy was well-tolerated, with G1-G2 fever (70%), neutrophilia (36%), and leukocytosis …

Nursing Knowledge In Cardio-Oncology: Results Of An International Learning Needs-Assessment Survey, Anecita Fadol, Geraldine Lee, Valerie Shelton, Kelly C Schadler, Asma Mohammed Younus, Mary Stuart, Lisa Nodzon, Edith Pituskin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: With early detection and improvements in systemic and local therapies, millions of people are surviving cancer, but for some at a high cost. In some cancer types, cardiovascular disease now competes with recurrent cancer as the cause of death. Traditional care models, in which the cardiologist or oncologist assess patients individually, do not address complex cancer and cardiovascular needs. Nursing disciplines should be an integral part of holistic assessment in cardio-oncology care. To learn what educational needs nurses perceive important for provision of competent cardio-oncology nursing care, we undertook an international survey, aiming to understand their learning needs and …

Protein Translation Rates Are Negatively Correlated With Lifespan In Inbred Drosophila Strains, Harper S Kim, Madison M Hardiman, Andrew M Pickering

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Discontiguous Recurrences Of Idh-Wildtype Glioblastoma Share A Common Origin With The Initial Tumor And Are Frequently Hypermutated, Malcolm F Mcdonald, Sricharan Gopakumar, Tareq A Juratli, Ilker Y Eyüpoglu, Ganesh Rao, Jacob J Mandel, Ali Jalali

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Glioblastoma is the deadliest primary brain tumor, largely due to inevitable recurrence of the disease after treatment. While most recurrences are local, patients rarely present with a new discontiguous focus of glioblastoma. Little is currently known about the genetic profile of discontiguous recurrences. In our institutional database, we identified 22 patients with targeted exome sequencing of pairs of initial and recurrent IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. Recurrences were classified as contiguous or discontiguous based on the presence or absence of T2 FLAIR signal connection to the initial site of disease on MRI. Exome analysis revealed shared driver and passenger mutations between discontiguous recurrences …

Synesis As A Framework To Enable Safety Interventions In Complex Healthcare Environments, Aarti Bavare, Tiffany Wrenn, Anne Lam, Jamie Cargill, Lauren Salinas, Itode Idowu, Asma Razavi, Venessa Lynn Pinto, Eric Williams

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite wide adoption in the healthcare of safety event report (SER) systems, there is a paucity of unified structures for prompt analysis and action while retaining reporter confidentiality. We used a synesis framework to change siloed reviews of safety reports to a comprehensive appraisal of quality, safety, productivity and reliability to facilitate interventions.

METHODS: After a needs assessment survey, we launched serial plan-do-study-act cycles to (1) enhance teams' ability to access SERs, (2) facilitate regular multidisciplinary review of SERs to identify actionable opportunities, (3) allocate action priority using failure mode and effects analysis, and (4) launch actions and summarise …

Sex Differences In Response To Diet Enriched With Glutathione Precursors In The Aging Heart, Aude Angelini, Grecia Garcia Marquez, Anna Malovannaya, Marta L Fiorotto, Alexander Saltzman, Antrix Jain, Joann Trial, George E Taffet, Katarzyna A Cieslik

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Common features of the aging heart are dysregulated metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. Elevated oxidative stress is another hallmark of cardiac aging that can exacerbate each of these conditions. We hypothesize that by increasing natural antioxidant levels (glutathione), we will improve cardiac function. Twenty-one-month-old mice were fed glycine and N-acetyl cysteine (GlyNAC; glutathione precursors)-supplemented or control diets for 12 weeks. Heart function was monitored longitudinally, and the exercise performance was determined at the end of the study. We found that the GlyNAC diet was beneficial for old male but not old female mice, leading to an increase of Ndufb8 expression (a …

Associations Between Deficit Accumulation Frailty And Baseline Markers Of Lifestyle In The Us Pointer Trial, Mark A Espeland, Yitbarek N Demesie, Kayloni Olson, Samuel N Lockhart, Sarah E Tomaszewski Farias, Maryjo L Cleveland, Christy C Tangney, Lucia Crivelli, Heather M Snyder, Michele K York, Laura D Baker, Rachel A Whitmer, Rena R Wing, Katelyn R Garcia, Kathryn E Callahan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Multidomain lifestyle interventions may have the potential to slow biological aging as captured by deficit accumulation frailty indices. We describe the distribution and composition of the 49-component frailty index developed by the U.S. POINTER clinical trial team of investigators and assess its cross-sectional associations with sociodemographic factors and markers chosen to be representative of behaviors targeted by the trial's multidomain interventions.

METHODS: We draw baseline data from the 2 111 volunteers enrolled in U.S. POINTER who were ages 60-79 years and at increased risk for cognitive decline. Frailty components were grouped into 9 domains. Associations that frailty index scores …

Detection Of Elder Abuse Through Emergency Care Technicians Screening Tool Revision For Home-Based Primary Care (Detect-Rpc): A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial Study Protocol, Brad Cannell, Nicholas Sevey, Melvin D Livingston, Jason Burnett, Kristin Lees Haggerty, Carolyn Pickering

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: The annual prevalence of elder mistreatment (EM) in cognitively intact older adults is estimated to be 11%, yet the annual prevalence in older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) is estimated to be as high as 75%. Associated with a decrease in quality of life and increase in risk of mortality, EM represents a significant public health burden. Home-based primary care (HBPC) providers are uniquely positioned to address the critical need for robust EM screening and reporting, especially among individuals with AD/ADRD. This protocol seeks to adapt the Detection of Elder mistreatment Through Emergency Care Technicians (DETECT) …

Electrostatic Force-Enabled Microneedle Patches That Exploit Photoredox Catalysis For Transdermal Phototherapy, Hang Zhang, Wen-Chuan Xie, Yuhang Yao, Zi-Yi Tang, Wen-Xiu Ni, Bingwu Wang, Song Gao, Jonathan L Sessler, Jun-Long Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Microneedle patches for topical administration of photodynamic therapy (PDT) sensitizers are attractive owing to their safety, selectivity, and noninvasiveness. However, low-efficiency photosensitizer delivery coupled with the limitations of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment remains challenging. To overcome these issues, we developed an effective microneedle patch based on intermolecular electrostatic interactions within a photosensitizer matrix containing a zinc-containing porphyrin analogue, ZnBP (w). This design improved the mechanical strength of the microneedle patch and enhanced the photosensitizer loading efficiency in aqueous environments. A key feature of the system is efficient electron transfer between ZnBP (w) and NADH upon photoirradiation. Electrostatic interactions between ZnBP …

A Case For Broadening Our View Of Mechanism In Developmental Biology, B Duygu Özpolat, Swathi Arur, Mansi Srivastava

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Developmental biologists can perform studies that describe a phenomenon (descriptive work) and/or explain how the phenomenon works (mechanistic work). There is a prevalent perception that molecular/genetic explanations achieved via perturbations of gene function are the primary means of advancing mechanistic knowledge. We believe this to be a limited perspective, one that does not effectively represent the breadth of work in our field. We surveyed a representative and diverse group of colleagues to share their views on what it takes to infer mechanism. Here, we briefly examine the factors that have shaped the dominant view of mechanism, summarize responses to the …