Medical Specialties Commons^™

Efficacy Of Scrambler Therapy In Patients With Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Single-Arm, Prospective, Pilot Study, Seung Hee Yoo, Won-Joong Kim, Ji Seon Chae, Bo Kyung Kang, Min Jeong Kang, Min Hyouk Beak

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: A variety of medications are available to manage painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), but the proper treatment remains challenging. Accordingly, various neuromodulation modalities have been used. However, no prospective clinical trials have evaluated the use of scrambler therapy (ST) in painful DPN. This study aimed to explore the long-term effects of ST in managing painful DPN.

METHODS: The patients received 10 consecutive STs of 45 minutes every 1 to 2 days. The primary outcome was pain score. We measured the visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores at baseline, during ST, immediately after ST, and at 1, 2, 3, and …

Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Foot-And-Mouth Disease Vaccination Of Animals In The Buffer Zone Of The Republic Of Armenia In 2016–2020, Satenik Kharatyan, Khachik Sargsyan, Hasmik Elbakyan, Tigran Markosyan, Pertsh Tumanyan, Varduhi Hakobyan, Vazgen Sargsyan, Manvel Badalyan, Gayane Chobanyan, Jenna E Achenbach

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a high impact viral disease of livestock for which vaccines are extensively used for limiting the spread of infection. Armenia shares a border with both Turkey and Iran where FMD is endemic, making vaccination an important component of Armenia's control strategy. Additionally, Armenian veterinary services utilize both passive and active monitoring for prevention control.

METHODS: We sought to determine the immune status of animals vaccinated against FMD and to evaluate the effectiveness of our vaccination policy in Armenia. This was conducted in three regions including Shirak, Armavir, and Ararat Region which are located in the …

Pediatric Hepatocellular Adenomas: What Is Known And What Is New?, Andres F Espinoza, Sanjeev A Vasudevan, Prakash M Masand, Dolores H Lòpez-Terrada, Kalyani R Patel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Current understanding and classification of pediatric hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) are largely based on adult data. HCAs are rare in children and, unlike in adults, are often seen in the context of syndromes or abnormal background liver. Attempts to apply the adult classification to pediatric tumors have led to several "unclassifiable" lesions. Although typically considered benign, few can show atypical features and those with beta-catenin mutations have a risk for malignant transformation. Small lesions can be monitored while larger (>5.0 cm) lesions are excised due to symptoms or risk of bleeding/rupture, etc. Management depends on gender, age, underlying liver disease, …

Vadadustat For Treatment Of Anemia In Patients With Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis, Mark J Sarnak, Rajiv Agarwal, Neil Boudville, Pradip C P Chowdhury, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Carlos R Gonzalez, Laura A Kooienga, Mark J Koury, Kwabena A Ntoso, Wenli Luo, Patrick S Parfrey, Dennis L Vargo, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Zhiqun Zhang, Glenn M Chertow

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors such as vadadustat may provide an oral alternative to injectable erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for treating anemia in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. In two randomized (1:1), global, phase 3, open-label, sponsor-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled noninferiority trials in patients with dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (INNO2VATE), vadadustat was noninferior to darbepoetin alfa with respect to cardiovascular safety and hematological efficacy. Vadadustat's effects in patients receiving only peritoneal dialysis is unclear.

METHODS: We conducted a post hoc analysis of patients in the INNO2VATE trials receiving peritoneal dialysis at baseline. The prespecified primary safety endpoint was time to first major cardiovascular …

A New Hybrid Graft For Open Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair, Sabine Helena Wipper, Tilo Kölbel, Julia Dumfarth, Hubert Schelzig, Anthony L Estrera, Harleen K Sandhu, Florian Enzmann, E Sebastian Debus

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Spontaneous Celiac Artery Dissection Treated By Balloon Angioplasty, Emanuel R Tenorio, Gustavo S Oderich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Development Of A Xylose-Inducible Promoter And Riboswitch Combination System For Manipulating Gene Expression In Fusobacterium Nucleatum, Bibek G C, Peng Zhou, Arindam Naha, Jianhua Gu, Chenggang Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Inducible gene expression systems are important for studying bacterial gene function, yet most exhibit leakage. In this study, we engineered a leakage-free hybrid system for precise gene expression controls in Fusobacterium nucleatum by integrating the xylose-inducible expression system with the theophylline-responsive riboswitch. This innovative method enables concurrent control of target gene expression at both transcription and translation initiation levels. Using luciferase and the indole-producing enzyme tryptophanase (TnaA) as reporters, we demonstrated that the hybrid system displays virtually no observable signal in the absence of inducers. We employed this system to express FtsX, a protein related to fusobacterial cytokinesis, in an …

Comparative Study Of Guanidine-, Acetamidine- And Urea-Based Chloroaluminate Electrolytes For An Aluminum Battery, Iwan Sumarlan, Anand Kunverji, Anthony J Lucio, A Robert Hillman, Karl S Ryder

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aluminum-based batteries are a promising alternative to lithium-ion as they are considered to be low-cost and more friendly to the environment. In addition, aluminum is abundant and evenly distributed across the globe. Many studies and Al battery prototypes use imidazolium chloroaluminate electrolytes because of their good rheological and electrochemical performance. However, these electrolytes are very expensive, and so cost is a barrier to industrial scale-up. A urea-based electrolyte, AlCl3:Urea, has been proposed as an alternative, but its performance is relatively poor because of its high viscosity and low conductivity. This type of electrolyte has become known as an ionic liquid …

Integrated Molecular And Multiparametric Mri Mapping Of High-Grade Glioma Identifies Regional Biologic Signatures, Leland S Hu, Fulvio D'Angelo, Taylor M Weiskittel, Francesca P Caruso, Shannon P Fortin Ensign, Mylan R Blomquist, Matthew J Flick, Lujia Wang, Christopher P Sereduk, Kevin Meng-Lin, Gustavo De Leon, Ashley Nespodzany, Javier C Urcuyo, Ashlyn C Gonzales, Lee Curtin, Erika M Lewis, Kyle W Singleton, Timothy Dondlinger, Aliya Anil, Natenael B Semmineh, Teresa Noviello, Reyna A Patel, Panwen Wang, Junwen Wang, Jennifer M Eschbacher, Andrea Hawkins-Daarud, Pamela R Jackson, Itamar S Grunfeld, Christian Elrod, Gina L Mazza, Sam C Mcgee, Lisa Paulson, Kamala Clark-Swanson, Yvette Lassiter-Morris, Kris A Smith, Peter Nakaji, Bernard R Bendok, Richard S Zimmerman, Chandan Krishna, Devi P Patra, Naresh P Patel, Mark Lyons, Matthew Neal, Kliment Donev, Maciej M Mrugala, Alyx B Porter, Scott C Beeman, Todd R Jensen, Kathleen M Schmainda, Yuxiang Zhou, Leslie C Baxter, Christopher L Plaisier, Jing Li, Hu Li, Anna Lasorella, C Chad Quarles, Kristin R Swanson, Michele Ceccarelli, Antonio Iavarone, Nhan L Tran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Sampling restrictions have hindered the comprehensive study of invasive non-enhancing (NE) high-grade glioma (HGG) cell populations driving tumor progression. Here, we present an integrated multi-omic analysis of spatially matched molecular and multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) profiling across 313 multi-regional tumor biopsies, including 111 from the NE, across 68 HGG patients. Whole exome and RNA sequencing uncover unique genomic alterations to unresectable invasive NE tumor, including subclonal events, which inform genomic models predictive of geographic evolution. Infiltrative NE tumor is alternatively enriched with tumor cells exhibiting neuronal or glycolytic/plurimetabolic cellular states, two principal transcriptomic pathway-based glioma subtypes, which respectively demonstrate …

National Survey On The Availability Of Oncology Palliative Care Services At Tertiary General And Cancer Hospitals In China, Xiaomei Li, Xin Shelley Wang, Haili Huang, Miao Liu, Yinan Wu, Jiaojiao Qiu, Boran Zhang, Linhong Cui, David Hui

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: This nationwide survey studied the level of palliative care (PC) access for Chinese patients with cancer among cancer care providers either in tertiary general hospitals or cancer hospitals in China.

Methods: Using a probability-proportionate-to-size method, we identified local tertiary general hospitals with oncology departments to match cancer hospitals at the same geographic area. A PC program leader or a designee at each hospital reported available PC services, including staffing, inpatient and outpatient services, education, and research, with most questions adapted from a previous national survey on PC. The primary outcome was availability of a PC service.

Results: Most responders …

Neuromonitoring For Descending Thoracic And Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair, Akiko Tanaka, Hung Nguyen, Holly N Smith, Anthony L Estrera

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Current Perioperative Management Of Cerebrospinal Fluid Drains, Shao-Feng Zhou, Akiko Tanaka, Anthony Estrera

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Current Approaches To Spinal Cord Protection During Open Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair, Joseph S Coselli, Scott A Lemaire, Vicente Orozco-Sevilla, Ourania Preventza, Marc R Moon, Lauren M Barron, Subhasis Chatterjee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Spinal cord deficit (SCD) is a feared complication after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Vigilant management throughout the perioperative period is necessary to reduce the risk of SCD. Measures for preventing SCD during the intraoperative period include preoperative optimization and recognizing patients at a higher risk of SCD. In this manuscript, we discuss intraoperative adjuncts including utilization of cerebrospinal fluid drainage, left heart bypass, mild hypothermia, selective reimplantation of intercostal and lumbar arteries, and renal and visceral vessel perfusion. From the operative to the postoperative period, careful attention to avoiding hypotension and anemia is important. If SCD is recognized early, therapeutic …

Lack Of Methylation Changes In Gjb2 And Rb1 Non-Coding Regions Of Cochlear Implant Patients With Sensorineural Hearing Loss, Angelo Augusto M Sumalde, Ivana V Yang, Talitha Karisse L Yarza, Celina Ann M Tobias-Grasso, Ma Leah C Tantoco, Elizabeth Davidson, Abner L Chan, Mahshid S Azamian, Teresa Luisa G Cruz, Seema R Lalani, Maria Rina T Reyes-Quintos, Eva Maria Cutiongco-De La Paz, Regie Lyn P Santos-Cortez, Charlotte M Chiong

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Recent advances in epigenetic studies continue to reveal novel mechanisms of gene regulation and control, however little is known on the role of epigenetics in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in humans. We aimed to investigate the methylation patterns of two regions, one in

METHODS: We investigated an RB1 promoter region that was previously identified as differentially methylated in children with SNHL and lead exposure. Additionally, we investigated a sequence in an enhancer-like region within GJB2 that contains four CpGs in close proximity. Bisulfite conversion was performed on salivary DNA samples from 15 children with SNHL and 45 unrelated ethnically-matched …

Author Correction: Spatial Organization Of The Mouse Retina At Single Cell Resolution By Merfish, Jongsu Choi, Jin Li, Salma Ferdous, Qingnan Liang, Jeffrey R Moffitt, Rui Chen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Insulin Resistance And Insulin Handling In Chronic Kidney Disease, Vishnu P Parvathareddy, Jiao Wu, Sandhya S Thomas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Insulin regulates energy metabolism involving multiple organ systems. Insulin resistance (IR) occurs when organs exhibit reduced insulin sensitivity, leading to difficulties in maintaining glucose homeostasis. IR ensures decades prior to development of overt diabetes and can cause silent metabolic derangements. IR is typically seen very early in the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is evident even when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is within the normal range and IR persists at various stages of kidney disease. In this article, we will discuss insulin handling by the kidneys, mechanisms responsible for IR in CKD, measurements and management of …

Uncovering The Effects Of Covid-19 On In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest – A Living Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Karol Bielski, Michal Pruc, Zubaid Rafique, Frank William Peacock, Jaroslaw Chmielewski, Lech Panasiuk, Lukasz Szarpak, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Izabela Chojnowska-Ćwiąkała

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction and objective: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global pandemic and had a negative impact on the entire health care system. To understand the effect of COVID-19 on outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies was designed to compare the pre- and intra-pandemic periods of adult patients who suffered cardiac arrest, and additionally by performing a sub-analysis related to COVID-19 positive vs. negative patients in the same group of patients.

Material and methods: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on IHCA outcomes a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Pubmed …

Antibodies To Coagulase Of Staphylococcus Aureus Crossreact To Efb And Reveal Different Binding Of Shared Fibrinogen Binding Repeats, Federico Bertoglio, Ya-Ping Ko, Sheila Thomas, Liliana Giordano, Francesca Romana Scommegna, Doris Meier, Saskia Polten, Marlies Becker, Srishtee Arora, Michael Hust, Magnus Höök, Livia Visai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Staphylococcus aureus pathology is caused by a plethora of virulence factors able to combat multiple host defence mechanisms. Fibrinogen (Fg), a critical component in the host coagulation cascade, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this bacterium, as it is the target of numerous staphylococcal virulence proteins. Amongst its secreted virulence factors, coagulase (Coa) and Extracellular fibrinogen-binding protein (Efb) share common Fg binding motives and have been described to form a Fg shield around staphylococcal cells, thereby allowing efficient bacterial spreading, phagocytosis escape and evasion of host immune system responses. Targeting these proteins with monoclonal antibodies thus represents a …

Evaluation Of Negative Binomial And Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial Models For The Analysis Of Zero-Inflated Count Data: Application To The Telemedicine For Children With Medical Complexity Trial, Kyung Hyun Lee, Claudia Pedroza, Elenir B C Avritscher, Ricardo A Mosquera, Jon E Tyson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Two characteristics of commonly used outcomes in medical research are zero inflation and non-negative integers; examples include the number of hospital admissions or emergency department visits, where the majority of patients will have zero counts. Zero-inflated regression models were devised to analyze this type of data. However, the performance of zero-inflated regression models or the properties of data best suited for these analyses have not been thoroughly investigated.

METHODS: We conducted a simulation study to evaluate the performance of two generalized linear models, negative binomial and zero-inflated negative binomial, for analyzing zero-inflated count data. Simulation scenarios assumed a randomized …

Author Correction: Synthetic Oct-A Blood Vessel Maps Using Fundus Images And Generative Adversarial Networks, Ivan Coronado, Samiksha Pachade, Emanuele Trucco, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Juntao Yan, Sergio Salazar-Marioni, Amanda Jagolino-Cole, Mozhdeh Bahrainian, Roomasa Channa, Sunil A Sheth, Luca Giancardo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Author Correction: Histone H2a Lys130 Acetylation Epigenetically Regulates Androgen Production In Prostate Cancer, Thanh Nguyen, Dhivya Sridaran, Surbhi Chouhan, Cody Weimholt, Audrey Wilson, Jingqin Luo, Tiandao Li, John Koomen, Bin Fang, Nagireddy Putluri, Arun Sreekumar, Felix Y Feng, Kiran Mahajan, Nupam P Mahajan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Adjunctive Diagnostic Studies Completed Following Detection Of Candidemia In Children: Secondary Analysis Of Observed Practice From A Multicenter Cohort Study Conducted By The Pediatric Fungal Network, Rachel L Wattier, Robert F T Bucayu, Craig L K Boge, Rachael K Ross, Inci Yildirim, Theoklis E Zaoutis, Debra L Palazzi, Surabhi B Vora, Elio Castagnola, Martha Avilés-Robles, Lara Danziger-Isakov, Alison C Tribble, Tanvi S Sharma, Antonio C Arrieta, Gabriela Maron, David M Berman, Dwight E Yin, Lillian Sung, Michael Green, Emmanuel Roilides, Kiran Belani, José Romero, Pere Soler-Palacin, Eduardo López-Medina, Dawn Nolt, Ibrahim Zaid Bin Hussain, William J Muller, Sarmistha B Hauger, Natasha Halasa, Daniel Dulek, Alice Pong, Blanca E Gonzalez, Mark J Abzug, Fabianne Carlesse, Anna R Huppler, Sujatha Rajan, Catherine Aftandilian, Monica I Ardura, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Benjamin Hanisch, Christine M Salvatore, Lena Klingspor, Elizabeth D Knackstedt, Irja Lutsar, Maria E Santolaya, Sydney Shuster, Sarah K Johnson, William J Steinbach, Brian T Fisher

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Adjunctive diagnostic studies (aDS) are recommended to identify occult dissemination in patients with candidemia. Patterns of evaluation with aDS across pediatric settings are unknown.

METHODS: Candidemia episodes were included in a secondary analysis of a multicenter comparative effectiveness study that prospectively enrolled participants age 120 days to 17 years with invasive candidiasis (predominantly candidemia) from 2014 to 2017. Ophthalmologic examination (OE), abdominal imaging (AbdImg), echocardiogram, neuroimaging, and lumbar puncture (LP) were performed per clinician discretion. Adjunctive diagnostic studies performance and positive results were determined per episode, within 30 days from candidemia onset. Associations of aDS performance with episode characteristics …

Differential Effects Of Pancreatic Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Driving A Suppressive Environment, Anurag Purushothaman, Jacqueline Oliva-Ramírez, Warapen Treekitkarnmongkol, Deivendran Sankaran, Mark W Hurd, Nagireddy Putluri, Anirban Maitra, Cara Haymaker, Subrata Sen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells display extensive crosstalk with their surrounding environment to regulate tumor growth, immune evasion, and metastasis. Recent advances have attributed many of these interactions to intercellular communication mediated by small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), involving cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). To explore the impact of sEVs on monocyte lineage transition as well as the expression of checkpoint receptors and activation markers, peripheral blood monocytes from healthy subjects were exposed to PDAC-derived sEVs. Additionally, to analyze the role of sEV-associated HA in immune regulation and tissue-resident fibroblasts, monocytes and pancreatic stellate cells were cultured in the presence of PDAC sEVs …

Tmem27 Suppresses Tumor Development By Promoting Ret Ubiquitination, Positioning, And Degradation, Qianjin Guo, Zi-Ming Cheng, Hector Gonzalez-Cantú, Matthew Rotondi, Gabriela Huelgas-Morales, Purushoth Ethiraj, Zhijun Qiu, Jonathan Lefkowitz, Wan Song, Bethany N Landry, Hector Lopez, Cynthia M Estrada-Zuniga, Shivi Goyal, Mohammad Aasif Khan, Timothy J Walker, Exing Wang, Faqian Li, Yanli Ding, Lois M Mulligan, Ricardo C T Aguiar, Patricia L M Dahia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The TMEM127 gene encodes a transmembrane protein of poorly known function that is mutated in pheochromocytomas, neural crest-derived tumors of adrenomedullary cells. Here, we report that, at single-nucleus resolution, TMEM127-mutant tumors share precursor cells and transcription regulatory elements with pheochromocytomas carrying mutations of the tyrosine kinase receptor RET. Additionally, TMEM127-mutant pheochromocytomas, human cells, and mouse knockout models of TMEM127 accumulate RET and increase its signaling. TMEM127 contributes to RET cellular positioning, trafficking, and lysosome-mediated degradation. Mechanistically, TMEM127 binds to RET and recruits the NEDD4 E3 ubiquitin ligase for RET ubiquitination and degradation via TMEM127 C-terminal PxxY motifs. Lastly, increased cell …

Axl-Initiated Paracrine Activation Of Pstat3 Enhances Mesenchymal And Vasculogenic Supportive Features Of Tumor-Associated Macrophages, Chia-Nung Hung, Meizhen Chen, Daniel T Dearmond, Cheryl H-L Chiu, Catherine A Limboy, Xi Tan, Meena Kusi, Chih-Wei Chou, Li-Ling Lin, Zhao Zhang, Chiou-Miin Wang, Chun-Liang Chen, Kohzoh Mitsuya, Pawel A Osmulski, Maria E Gaczynska, Nameer B Kirma, Ratna K Vadlamudi, Don L Gibbons, Steve Warner, Andrew J Brenner, Daruka Mahadevan, Joel E Michalek, Tim H-M Huang, Josephine A Taverna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are integral to the development of complex tumor microenvironments (TMEs) and can execute disparate cellular programs in response to extracellular cues. However, upstream signaling processes underpinning this phenotypic plasticity remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that concordant AXL-STAT3 signaling in TAMs is triggered by lung cancer cells or cancer-associated fibroblasts in the cytokine milieu. This paracrine action drives TAM differentiation toward a tumor-promoting "M2-like" phenotype with upregulation of CD163 and putative mesenchymal markers, contributing to TAM heterogeneity and diverse cellular functions. One of the upregulated markers, CD44, mediated by AXL-IL-11-pSTAT3 signaling cascade, enhances macrophage ability to …

A Peptide-Binding Domain Shared With An Antarctic Bacterium Facilitates, Cameron J Lloyd, Shuaiqi Guo, Brett Kinrade, Hossein Zahiri, Robert Eves, Syed Khalid Ali, Fitnat Yildiz, Ilja K Voets, Peter L Davies, Karl E Klose

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

An Ecchordosis Physaliphora, A Rare Entity, Involving The Central Nervous System: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Rajesh K Gupta, Thejasvi A Reddy, Ashutosh Gupta, Rohan Samant, Carlos A Perez, Anam Haque

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Ecchordosis physaliphora (EP) is a benign notochordal remnant, which is often an incidental finding; however, it can rarely present with neurological symptoms. We performed a systematic review of the literature for cases of symptomatic EP published in PubMed, Web of Science and Embase from January 1982 to May 2023. This is the largest review to date and revealed 60 cases including ours. Headache (55%) and CSF rhinorrhea (32%) were the most frequent clinical manifestations. The majority of symptomatic EP lesions were located in the prepontine region (77%) and required surgical resection (75%). EP should be considered in patients with neurologic …

Pet Imaging Of Microglia Using Pbr28suv Determines Therapeutic Efficacy Of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Therapy In Traumatic Brain Injury, Supinder S Bedi, Michael C Scott, Max A Skibber, Akshita Kumar, Henry W Caplan, Hasen Xue, David Sequeira, Alison L Speer, Fanni Cardenas, Franciska Gudenkauf, Karen Uray, Amit K Srivastava, Alan R Prossin, Charles S Cox

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in activated microglia. Activated microglia can be measured in vivo by using positron emission topography (PET) ligand peripheral benzodiazepine receptor standardized uptake values (PBR28suv). Cell based therapies have utilized autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to attenuate activated microglia after TBI. This study aims to utilize in vivo PBR28suv to assess the efficacy of BMMNCs therapy after TBI. Seventy-two hours after CCI injury, BMMNCs were harvested from the tibia and injected via tail-vein at 74 h after injury at a concentration of 2 million cells per kilogram of body weight. There were three groups of …

Pet Imaging Of Microglia Using Pbr28suv Determines Therapeutic Efficacy Of Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells Therapy In Traumatic Brain Injury, Supinder S Bedi, Michael C Scott, Max A Skibber, Akshita Kumar, Henry W Caplan, Hasen Xue, David Sequeira, Alison L Speer, Fanni Cardenas, Franciska Gudenkauf, Karen Uray, Amit K Srivastava, Alan R Prossin, Charles S Cox

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in activated microglia. Activated microglia can be measured in vivo by using positron emission topography (PET) ligand peripheral benzodiazepine receptor standardized uptake values (PBR28suv). Cell based therapies have utilized autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to attenuate activated microglia after TBI. This study aims to utilize in vivo PBR28suv to assess the efficacy of BMMNCs therapy after TBI. Seventy-two hours after CCI injury, BMMNCs were harvested from the tibia and injected via tail-vein at 74 h after injury at a concentration of 2 million cells per kilogram of body weight. There were three groups of …

Validation And Characterization Of A Novel Blood–Brain Barrier Platform For Investigating Traumatic Brain Injury, Christopher T Bolden, Max A Skibber, Scott D Olson, Miriam Zamorano Rojas, Samantha Milewicz, Brijesh S Gill, Charles S Cox

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is a highly-selective physiologic barrier responsible for maintaining cerebral homeostasis. Innovative in vitro models of the BBB are needed to provide useful insights into BBB function with CNS disorders like traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is a multidimensional and highly complex pathophysiological condition that requires intrinsic models to elucidate its mechanisms. Current models either lack fluidic shear stress, or neglect hemodynamic parameters important in recapitulating the human in vivo BBB phenotype. To address these limitations in the field, we developed a fluid dynamic novel platform which closely mimics these parameters. To validate our platform, Matrigel-coated Transwells …